Soluble Salts

By
Olawale Shokefun
9M
 Definition
• Soluble salts are ionic compounds that dissociate their constituents
during their interaction with a solvent such that it forms a solution
with a concentration of at least 0.1 moles per liter at room
temperature.
• A salt is soluble when the energy produced during the interaction of
the ions with solvent molecules is able to break the ionic bonds in the
salt and also separate the solvent molecules so that the ions are
freely inserted to form a solution. They are found in the soil and
water sources.
• Soluble salts are the sodium-based trace elements present in soil and
other types of grow media that are able to dissolve in water. Soluble
salts change their composition as they dissolve into a form more
easily absorbed by plants.
Preparation of Soluble Salts
The methods of preparing soluble salts are categorized into:
• Solution + Solid
• Solution + Solution
• Solution + Solid
A solid and solution are reacted together to form soluble salt.
The following procedures to prepare soluble salts:
• Add solid, a little at a time into warm solution. Stir.
• Filter away the excess solid.
• Evaporate the filtrate.
• Depending on the heat stability of the salt, you can either dry the salt with heat or
crystallize the salt.
 The pure dry sample of ammonium sulfate.

• Ammonium sulfate; (NH₄)₂SO₄, is an inorganic salt with a number of

commercial uses. The most common use is as a soil fertilizer. It
contains 21% nitrogen and 24% sulfur.
• Ammonium sulfate can be made in the lab using dilute ammonia
solution and dilute sulfuric acid:
• ammonia + sulfuric acid → ammonium sulfate
• 2NH3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → (NH4)2SO4(aq)
 How to get a pure and dry sample of soluble
salts
• Place some sulfuric acid in a beaker and warm it in a water bath,
add a spatula of copper(II) oxide powder to the acid and stir with a
glass rod, continue adding copper(II) oxide powder until it is in
excess, filter the mixture to remove the excess copper(II)
oxide, Mix together two suitable solutions, Use filtration to
separate the precipitate as a residue from the solution, Wash the
precipitate the distilled water while it is in the filter funnel., Heat
the solution in an evaporating dish over a water bath.