Physics

 16  Problem  Set  5  Solutions  

 
5.62. IDENTIFY: Apply to each object . Constant speed means .
SET UP: The free-body diagrams are sketched in Figure 5.62. is the tension in the lower chain, is
the tension in the upper chain and is the tension in the rope.
EXECUTE: The tension in the lower chain balances the weight and so is equal to w. The lower pulley
must have no net force on it, so twice the tension in the rope must be equal to w and the tension in the
rope, which equals F, is . Then, the downward force on the upper pulley due to the rope is also w,
and so the upper chain exerts a force w on the upper pulley, and the tension in the upper chain is also w.
EVALUATE: The pulley combination allows the worker to lift a weight w by applying a force of only
.

Figure 5.62
 
5.65. IDENTIFY: Apply to each block.
SET UP: Constant speed means . When the blocks are moving, the friction force is and when
they are at rest, the friction force is .
EXECUTE: (a) The tension in the cord must be in order that the hanging block move at constant
speed. This tension must overcome friction and the component of the gravitational force along the
incline, so and .
(b) In this case, the friction force acts in the same direction as the tension on the block of mass , so
, or .
(c) Similar to the analysis of parts (a) and (b), the largest could be is and the
smallest could be is .
EVALUATE: In parts (a) and (b) the friction force changes direction when the direction of the motion
of changes. In part (c), for the largest the static friction force on is directed down the incline
and for the smallest the static friction force on is directed up the incline.
 
5.104. IDENTIFY: The block has acceleration , directed to the left in the figure in the problem.
Apply to the block.

SET UP: The block moves in a horizontal circle of radius . Each

string makes an angle with the vertical. , so . The free-body diagram for

the block is given in Figure 5.104. Let be to the left and let be upward.
 EXECUTE: (a) gives .

(b) gives .

. The number of revolutions per

second is .

(c) If , and . .

. The number of revolutions per minute is

EVALUATE: The tension in the upper string must be greater than the tension in the lower string so that
together they produce an upward component of force that balances the weight of the block.

Figure 5.104
 
 
5.114. IDENTIFY: The tension F in the string must be the same as the weight of the hanging block, and must
also provide the resultant force necessary to keep the block on the table in uniform circular motion.
SET UP: The acceleration of the block is , directed toward the hole.

EXECUTE: so

EVALUATE: The larger M is the greater must be the speed v, if r remains the same.
 
5.115. IDENTIFY: Apply to the circular motion of the bead. Also use Eq.(5.16) to relate to
the period of rotation T.
SET UP: The bead and hoop are sketched in Figure 5.115a.
 The bead moves in a circle of radius

The normal force exerted on the bead by

the hoop is radially inward.

Figure 5.115a
The free-body diagram for the bead is sketched in Figure 5.115b.
EXECUTE:

Figure 5.115b
Combine these two equations to eliminate n:

and so where T is the time for one revolution.

so

Use this in the above equation:

This equation is satisfied by so or by

which gives

(a) 4.00 rev/s implies

Then and

(b) This would mean But so this requires So approaches as the

hoop rotates very fast, but is not possible.
(c) 1.00 rev/s implies

The equation then says which is not possible. The

only way to have the equations satisfied is for This means the bead sits
at the bottom of the hoop.
EVALUATE: as (hoop moves faster). The largest value T can have is given by
so This corresponds to a rotation rate of
 For a rotation rate less than 1.58 rev/s, is the only solution and the
bead sits at the bottom of the hoop. Part (c) is an example of this.
 
5.118. IDENTIFY: Apply to the car. It has acceleration , directed toward the center of the
circular path.
SET UP: The analysis is the same as in Example 5.24.

EXECUTE: (a)

(b) , where the minus sign indicates

that the track pushes down on the car. The magnitude of this force is 30.4 N.
EVALUATE: . .