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Geophysical Prospecting Water Detector

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Water Detectir Cast Share
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• 7 inch HD touch screen, alloy electric bar.
• Easy operation, convenient portable, only 1 -
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 Intelligent Automatic Mapping
Geophysical Prospecting Water Detector

Water Detector Case Stare

QWT-TC300 PQWT-TC150 1 PQW T-TC Water Detector Case Share

|T| Most Competitive Price

|T| Top Quality

Contents
|T| High Efficiency Development history and practicalapplication of geophysical prospecting
instrument for natural electric field...................................................................................... (1)
|T] Anti-interference Ability

[TL»SO9001: 2008 Certification The Principle and Research of Natural Electric Geophysical Prospecting
lnstrument(Underground water detector)............................................................................ (4)

Case share...........................................................................................................................(9)

QWT-TC500

• PQWT-TC700 / » PQWT-TC900/ • PQWT-TC1200X

Measurement Depth :600 Meters Measurement Depth: 1200 Meters Measurement Depth :1500 Meters
Case analysis
Development history and practical application of
geophysical prospecting instrument for natural electric field
Hunan Puqi Geologic Exploration Equipment Institute
The development history of human society is the
history of geological work, from the ancient
Paleolithic age, pottery age, to the bronze and iron
age, have carried out long geological work. Ancestors
have made a great contribution in this respect. The
geological work in modern China has made
preliminary achievements since twentieth century.
In January 1912, the provisional government of
Nanjing set up the minerals department of the
ministry industry, under which there was the
geological department and was presided over by
Zhang Hongzhao.
In 1913, the government of Beijing set up a
Geological Institute, Zhang Hongzhao as the director,
and in 1916, trained the first batch of geological
exploration backbone, a total of 21 people.
In 1916, the geological research institute was
changed to a geological survey station, and Ding
Wenjiang was appointed director of the geological
survey.
After 1942, the mineral surveying and surveying office
was established, and Xie Jiarong was appointed
director.
After the victory of the war against Japan in 1945, it
was renamed the central geological survey of the
Ministry of Economic Affairs (held in Taiwan so far).
Before the founding of new China, the personnel
engaged in geological and mineral exploration is a total
of 290 people, 14 rigs.
After the founding of new China, China's geological
work developed rapidly, experienced the prosperity
brought by arduous pioneering work, but also suffered
difficulties and setbacks. However, based on firm and
indomitable hard work and dedication of geologists,
both theory, technology method, application scope,
application level and application effect have made
great progress. Nowadays China already has all the
methods and techniques of geophysical exploration in
the world, which in some aspects has reached the
international advanced level. In all kinds of prospecting
like mineral resources, hydrology and engineering
01 PAGE
A Key To Map Leading The Future
geology , electrical prospecting has become one of
the most effective means of investigation that cannot
be replaced. In the field of archaeology, environmental
and geological disaster investigation, the electrical
method is an effective way. The electrical method is
ofvarious kinds, wide application field, because of the
limited space, it is difficult to accurately express the
huge progress of electrical prospecting in China.
General picture of development
From early 50s to mid-50s is a start-up stage of new
China electrical method entrepreneurship and
developed and perfected the natural electric field
method, resistivity profiling and sounding method.
And soon formed a productive forces in mineral
resource exploration. Method of natural electric field
become shallow ore exploration conducting rapid and
economical census means. The electrical sounding
method has become an important method of coalfield
resources exploration. At the same time, a variety of
device resistivity profiling method has also been
widely test. Among them, the combined section
device becomes the most effective means to
determine the position of projection of various
electrical bodies and the factors of occurrence. By
60s, researchers in China began to study
electromagnetic induction methods characterized by
absolute measurement. By 70s, relative
measurements had been made, and great progress
was made in 80s. By 90s, the introduction of digital,
graphic and image technology made the electrical
prospecting technology develop by leaps and
bounds, and gradually formed the integrated design,
acquisition, processing, interpretation and
submission of results. Since twenty-first Century the
intelligent degree of the geological exploration
instrument to further improve the non-professional
personnel without hydrogeological basis especially
individual households can also carry out the basic
drilling operation, simple analysis.
A Key To Map Leading The Future
At present, methods of geophysical prospecting for
water are NMR, natural electric (magnetic) field
method and high density resistivity method, induced
polarization (IP) and other method. This paper below
will focus on the introduction of the use of natural water
field method in finding water. The basic principle of
natural electric field method is through the observation
of natural field existence, to study the geological
structure, find useful mineral resources, water
resources. It is a kind of geophysical exploration
method to solve engineering, environment, disaster,
water and other geological problems. The natural
electric field geophysical instrument is a kind of natural
electric field as the field source to the underground
rock ore (groundwater) electrical difference based on
the measurement of natural earth electromagnetic field
in a number of different frequencies of electromagnetic
field changes in the law to study the ground field and
different of the geological body of the abnormalities to
solve the geological problems of a kind of electrical
exploration equipment. It's small size, light weight,
portable to carry; no artificial electric filed source, the
two man can work; exploration depth, high efficiency;
after use of frequency selection device, anti­
interference ability strong, equivalent to 10 different
electrode distance symmetrical quadrupole apparent
resistivity profile measurement results; to overcome
the DC method long-distance cable, equipment, heavy
and other shortcomings, to work in a smaller range,
especially adapted to the rapid mountain survey and
urban geophysical jobs. Natural electric field
geophysical instrument is mainly used in the principle
of natural electric field frequency selection method.
Natural electric field frequency selection method, short
name is frequency selection method. It is based on the
electrical difference of natural earth electromagnetic
field ( frequency 0~30kHz) in several different
frequencies of electromagnetic field changes in the law
to study the underground ground field changes, to
solve the geological problems of an alternating current
exploration method. The method used by the
instrument called natural electric field frequency
selection geophysical survey instrument. Natural
electric field frequency selection geophysical new
method for short is the natural electric field frequency
selection method or frequency selection method, is
use of ground electromagnetic field as a workplace
source to the underground rock, ore resistivity
difference based on the ground to measure the earth's
electromagnetic field generated several ( or scores of)
Case analysis
different frequency of the electric field component of
the law of change to study the electrical changes of
underground electrical cross-section, to solve the
geological problem of an alternating current
exploration method. Because the electric field
measured by this method is the electrical component of
the ground electromagnetic field, so it's called the
natural electrical field; and because we selected
several or scores of low frequency electric field
components as the measurement parameters, we
selected the frequency selection, so called the
selection method, total called natural electric field
frequency selection method. The following is the
natural electric field frequency selection method and
the natural electric field geophysical instrument
principle analysis.
1 .The basic principle of natural electric
field frequency selection method.
The field of the natural electric field is the geomagnetic
field (radio emission field or AC electric field). The field
distributed in the ground far from the field source can
be regarded as a plane wave whose distribution is
approximately perpendicular to the ground. The
change of the field is subject to Maxwell equation set.
In equation 1: Ps represents the AC resistivity, f is the
operating frequency, Hy andEx,is magnetic filed
component and electric field component respectively.
According to the attenuation characteristics of the
plane electromagnetic wave propagating in the
formation, the penetration depth of the electromagnetic
wave in the medium is:
8 = 503.3pf (2)
In the equation 2: 8 is the penetration depth. It can be
seen from the above, the penetration depth of
electromagnetic waves and frequency, resistivity.
When the frequency is constant, the higher the
resistivity, the greater the penetration depth, when the
resistivity is constant, the lower the frequency, the
greater the penetration depth. Therefore, by changing
the operating frequency can achieve the purpose of
changing the depth. Because the magnetic field
component is bascially stable in the small area of the
consent area, it can be regarded as a constant, so the
qualitative relationship between the electric field
component and the resistivity can be used to judge the
high and low resistance characteristics of the
geological body.
PAGE 02
Case analysis A Key To Map Leading The Future A Key To Map Leading The Future Case analysis

The instrument measure the frequency of the (4) Using the natural frequency Wn to convert the
electromagnetism. The spectrum of the earth's analog low-pass filter prototype into analog low-
pass,high-pass,bandpass, band-stop filter, can be
electromagnetic field is quite wide, from 0.001 Hz to The Principle and Research of Natural Electric Geophysical
used function IpZIp, IpZhp, IpZbp, IpZbs;
106 Hz. However, according to the actual geological
(5) The impulse response invariant method or the Prospecting Instrument (Underground water detector)
problems, you can use 15.7Hz~2520Hz frequency of
bilinear transformation method is used to convert the
the 10 frequency, the frequency interval in the analog filter into a digital filter, which is realized by the Hunan Puqi Geologic Exploration Equipment InstituteQQ: 2170844318
logarithmic coordinate paper evenly distributed function imp invar and i bill lea r respectively. Abstract:
achieve the purpose of detecting different depth. The article is talk about the basic theoretical and the design principle of Natural Electric Geophysical Prospecting Instrument. According to the
(6) The design of the low-pass Chebyshevl type theory of electromagnetic field, frequency selection is designed to accept multiple frequency earth electric audio signal, to make qualitative
Practice that: calculated by the theoretical formula of digital filter: the design needs to limit the passband observation scheme for the electrical structure of the underground geological body. The design utilize the weak signal detection technology, after
amplification, filtering, frequency detection, integration, signal condition, the earth electric audio signal is conversed into digital signals for
the depth than the actual depth, so to multiply a upper limit critical frequency wp, stop band critical analysis.
The instrument can observe multi-frequency of the electric field signal, use a variety of Reliable technology in hardware design and software
correction factor, generally take 0.3 to 0.5. filter frequency was, in the passband maximum
development, so the anti-jamming capability and system stability have been strengthened. It is utilize multi-channel & multi-mode data acquisition
attenuation, stop band within the minimum attenuation in the instrument, the collection data is analyzed and processed automatically. The data are saved then the curve graph is drawn in real time. We
can found the broken zone by the curve quickly.
2. The basic principle of natural electric Through comparative analysis to field work, the natural electric field frequency selective instrument is available to reflect the geological
Natural electric field geophysical prospecting information within a certain depth of the underground, it is apply for geological mineral investigation, geological engineering prospection and water
field geophysical prospecting instrument resources detection.
instrument electric circuit diagram shown in Figure 1.
According to the natural electric field frequency Key words: Natural electric field/Natural magnetic field/Natural Electric Geophysical Prospecting Instrument
Mainly include input amplification, attenuation level,
selection method design and manufacture of
50Hz filter, frequency selection network, linear The inner electrical and electric field Working Principle
instrument called natural electric field geophysical amplification, detection, display, power and other
distribution of the Earth Natural electric audio signal measurement is a passive
instrument, for short is natural electric field frequency modules. source in electromagnetic profile method which is
selection device or frequency selection instrument for There are natural variable and stable electric field in proposed by China in the late 70s, 20th century. It is
the surface of the Earth. The variable electric field is also known as "Audio earth electric field method",
geological exploration work. It includes acquisition,
generated by a variety of currents outside the Earth "Frequency selection of earth electric field method». it
filtering, frequency selection, amplification, has strong ability to distinguish good conductor
which are distributed in vast area of the surface of the
conversion and so on. The filter circuit is the most medium, the exploration depth is able to reach 2 km,
earth, it is generally with a small gradient. and the working principle is similar to the natural field
critical, because it includes a simulation filter theory,
The stable natural electric field is mainly produced by source electromagnetic sounding method , we utilize
the current analog filter theory and design methods the solar wind of the universe, lightning and other
the ore body, groundwater and several of water
have been developed quite mature, and there are Natural electric field geophysical natural electromagnetic field signal which shoot into
systems, it is distributed in partial areas, generally with the Earth , as the stimulate field source, use electrode
some typical analog filters for our choice, such as prospecting instrument practical a large gradient. A variety of variable natural global or into the ground to measure the natural electric field on
Butter worth filter Device, Chebyshew filter, elliptical partial electric field is known as the earth electric field. the surface of the N different frequency electric field
application component.
filter, Bessel filter, etc., these typical filters have their The earth electric field is originated from the natural
Natural electric field geophysical prospecting Natural field source is also called once field, the
own characteristics. electricity, it is Induced electric field caused by the electromagnetic field is plane electromagnetic wave,
instrument is widely used in water detection, mining
With MATLAB for a typical digital filter design, the electricity in the crust and the inner earth, different geo which shoot perpendicularly into the medium ground,
locator, prospecting geothermal exploration and so electric changes have different electricity source. The the earth will produce induction electromagnetic field,
general steps are as follows:
on. Therefore, the natural electric field geophysical field source of geo electric diurnal variation is the which has the same frequency as once field.
(1) According to certain rules will be given the digital Research Shows
prospecting instrument is one kind of academic name. current system which distributed in the ionosphere.
filter technical indicators into analog low-pass filter The low frequency current system of geo electric 1) Observation on the surface of the earth for the
From a professional field of view, natural electric field
strength of the electric field bring information in a
technical indicators: diurnal variation is mainly distributed in the sky of
geophysical prospecting instrument should belong to certain depth of the earth's electrical distribution.
(2) According to the converted technical indicators, geological prospecting instruments of the geophysical middle and low latitudes, the height is about 300 km. 2) The different frequencies of electric field strength
the filter order selection function is used to determine The field source of low frequency geo electric variation also reflects the earth's electrical structure of different
instrument. From the practical application field of
is the lightning produced by the troposphere, which is depths.
the minimum order number N and the natural view, can be called mining locator , water detector ,
mainly distributed in the sky, near the equator 8 km. The resistivity is in-available to be calculated if we
frequency Wn, According to the type of the selected prospecting mineral instrument, engineering surveyor, only observe the strength of electric field, so
analog low-pass filter: buttord, eheblord, The distribution of the electric field on the ground is not
geothermal detector, water equipment, prospecting qualitative analysis is available, quantitative analysis
only depends on the external field source but also is in-available.
chebZord, ellipord, etc. equipment, exploration equipment, gold .Mine and
depends on the electrical structure of the crust and 4) We observe multiple frequency electric field values
(3) Using the minimum order of N to produce analog other minerals. From the perspective of measuring the on the surface. Since only the electric field value be
mantle. Therefore, the application for research geo
filter prototype, analog low-pass filter to create the source field to classify, can also be called natural electric field not only help us to research the electrical observed without magnetic field value, it is not
necessary to build the field source manually, so the
function are: buttap, eheblap, ehebZap, ellipap, electric field instrument, audio field meter, earth audio structure of the crust and mantle, but also help us to instrument can be portable and carry out fast
besselap.ect. and so on. detect minerals, groundwater and other resources. observation speed.
03 page PAGE 04
Case analysis
Machine design - Hardware components
The work flow of Natural electric field electric
instrument which designed by Hunan Puqi Geologic
Exploration Equipment Institute is as below.
1) Collect the weak signal by the measure electrode.
2) The signal through the RF interference suppression
circuit, into the impedance conversion circuit, and then
enter the preamplifier circuit for the First level
amplification.
3) Then the signal enter the Double T-limiting circuit,
trap wave for 50Hz frequency and its third harmonic
notch.
4) The signal through the filter circuit into Second level
amplifier circuit.
5) Then signal through the filter circuit again for the
third amplification.
6) And then filter. At this point the signal through the
three-level amplification, the useful signal has been
stable enough.
7) At this time the signal is divided into two lines for
analysis. One way is to be simulation filter analysis:
through the frequency selection filter circuit, detection
circuit, integrated circuit, come into AD acquisition, and
change into digital signals. Another way is digital
filtering analysis: through the signal conditioning circuit
directly into the AD high-speed acquisition for digital
filtering analysis.
Hardware composition diagram
RFI Suppression Circuit -> Impedance Change ->
Preamplifier-> 50Hz Notch -> 150Hz Notch ^Second-
level amplification->Three-level amplification
Simulation analysis -> frequency selection ->wave
detection -> integration -> 32-bit high-speed processor.
Digital analysis -> signal conditioning circuit -> 32-bit
high-speed processor.
As a modern electronic equipment, the circuit design
follow the features of a modular, Plate up, utilize user-
friendly interactive interface, bus technology, 32-bit
high-speed processor etc. All the circuit modules
control, data acquisition control, transmission and
communication are carried out by Bus technology
which basically based on the central processing unit.
Machine design - noise and interference
suppression
Because the signal change of the earth's
electromagnetic field is very weak, reach UV or even NV
level, noise and interference is the main contradiction to
the detection of this weak signal, because the material is
always composed of charged molecules and atoms, and
the object is always present under certain temperature
conditions. The thermal disturbances of charged
particles produce thermal noise.
05 page
A Key To Map Leading The Future
Besides, the useful weak signal may be overwhelmed
by the noise voltage carried by these noise:
1) The noise generated by the recombination and
reproduction of the semiconductor carriers in the
electronic circuit,
2) The flicker noise affected by the semiconductor
surface state,3) The quantum noise of light .Besides
to these noises, there are some human disturbances
and nature disturbances. These disturbances and
noise which come from the outside of the
measurement system can be minimized by the
method of electromagnetic shielding in principle.
However, to eliminate these interference and noise,
is not an easy task in practical work. Since the value
of noise is unavailable to be predicted, it cannot be
defined by an analytic function.
So Hunan Puqi Geologic Exploration Equipment
Institute use probability and statistical methods to
describe. The statistical approach focuses on the
quantitative characteristics of the sample, rather than
the characteristics of individual elements. In the case
of random noise, the sample may consist of a large
number of consecutive collected values from its
waveform. Commonly, we use probabilities and
statistical methods such as probability density
function, mathematical expectation value, variance,
mean square value, correlation function and other
eigenvalues.
The signal & noise ratio of the instrument is improved
by the following key point:
1) Low noise pre-amplifier circuit: In order to detect
the weak electric signal of the natural electric field,
the amplifier is required to have very low noise. Low
noise amplifier is extremely important to improve the
capacity of the sensor including measure weak
signal, the range of measurement and sensitivity.
In order to achieve the best noise characteristics, we
use signal to noise ratio and the equivalent input
noise voltage to design all levels of the amplifier of
the system. When we design weak signal detection
system.
For the multi-stage amplifier cascade system, we set
the noise coefficients of all levels amplifiers as F1, F2
..., FM, and the generated noise power is P1, P2, ...,
PM, and the power gain is K1, K2, ..., KM ,then the
total noise figure F of the whole system can be
expressed by the Frisian Formula.
A Key To Map Leading The Future
F2-I Fa-l Fm-1
F=Fi+
Ki K1K2 K1K2' • 'Km - 1
It can be seen from the above formula that the Pre-class
has more greater influence on the total noise figure, if
the first stage amplification factor K1 is big enough, the
total noise figure F mainly depends on the first level
noise figure F1.
Therefore, in the design of low noise system for weak
signal detection, we must ensure that the first level of
the noise figure is small enough, so the design of the
preamplifier is essential. Besides, to the multi-level
amplification, different arrangement means different
total noise figure, the best way is to set smaller noise
figure to the Pre-class.
2) Remove the frequency interference: Since the source
field is natural , the detected signal is very weak, in
order to effectively suppress the interference on the
audio signal of earth electromagnetic field which caused
by 50Hz frequency and its third harmonic , in the signal
channel, we utilize Two-stage double-T notch circuit
(50Hz, 150Hz),notch depth of -40db, width of 10Hz, to
maximize suppress interference frequency signal from
the hardware, to ensure that the collected signal will not
be submerged by 50Hz and its harmonics signal.
In practice, we found that the effect of filtering is very
good. It carry out maximize shield for 50Hz frequency
interference and its third harmonic interference, ensure
the reliability in data collection even with strong
frequency interference.
3) Multi - level active filter network
The transfer function is:
A(s) = -^ =----------------- —------------------
V'm 1 + (3 - Al | ) ( )‘
Case analysis
The low filter cutoff the transfer function is:
V, > A. .
A(.s) = ------------------
V 11.
sCX -'C A,
The high filter cutoff frequency is: Fu=1/2ttR1C2
Circuit design follows the principle of filtering while
processing, to ensure the effective signal
amplification, correct extraction and the maximize
inhibition for noise & interference signals.
4) Shielding and grounding technology:
Shield means to install the amplifier in the shield shell,
the shield shell should bring a certain potential to
prevent the current flow through unbalanced Source
impedance, thus eliminate the input noise voltage,
especially the impact of common mode noise.
Grounding is available to eliminate the noise caused
by the circuit loop through the ground resistance, to
avoid noise coupling in the ground loop. In weak signal
detection, since the useful signal is extremely weak,
the magnitude is usually lower than UV, it is easy to be
overwhelmed by strong noise, and amplifying circuit is
designed to utilize reasonable shield and grounding
technology, to minimize the external Interference,
coupling and other noise. Therefore, the shielding and
grounding technology is very important to design for
high-quality and low-noise amplifier.
1. Ground technology
According to the purpose, it can be divided into two
kinds of grounding: protection grounding and signal
grounding, grounding in low noise amplifier is mainly
refers to signal grounding. The purpose of grounding is
to minimize the impedance of the amplifier which
connected to each other by the ground, thereby reduce
the impact to the amplifier which caused by the ground
current. Signal ground can be divided into two ways:
single- point grounding and multi-point grounding.
1.1 Series single-point grounding
The ground circuit interference of signal in series
single-point grounding way is shown as below, there is
a certain impedance in the wire. In the picture, UA is
the potential of point A, which is the zero potential
reference in circuit A; UB is the potential of point B,
which is the zero potential reference in circuit B; UC is
the potential of point C, which is the zero potential
reference in circuit.
PAGE 06
Case analysis
Illustration of series single-point grounding
The figure shows
UA= (11+12+13) R1;
UB= (11+12+13) R1+(12+13) R2;
UC= (11+12+13) R1+ (12+13) R2+I3R3;
As we known from the formula UA^UB^UC
UA is related to currents 12 and 13 of the circuits B , C;
UB is related to the currents 11, I3 of circuit A ,C and
resistors R1, R2 ; UC is related to the currents 11, I2 of
circuits A,B and resistors R1, R2, their ground currents
interfere with each other. Above only consider of the
resistance for the ground connection, if we consider of
the inductance L1, L2, L3, then it will be more
complicated interference between circuits A, B, C.
Therefore, this grounding method is unreasonable in
low-noise circuits. But it will be utilized in general for
simple. We do not use it here
3) Multi - level active filter network
Parallel single-point grounding is as shown in the figure.
In this case, the reference potentials of the three
circuits are UA = 11R1, UB = I2R2, UC = I3R3. Without
considering the mutual inductance between them, the
ground potential of each circuit is only related to the
ground current and ground impedance of the circuit ,
and has nothing to do with other circuits,
07 page
A Key To Map Leading The Future
The ground current is independent of each other, do
not interfere each other, it is a good way which is used
commonly. But this way requires a lot of ground
connection, it is more cumbersome, and at high
frequencies, noise coupling will be caused by the
mutual inductance between the ground circuits. When
the frequency increases, especially when the length
of the ground line is Odd times as 1/4 wavelength, the
ground impedance becomes high, and the ground line
change into antenna and radiate the signal outward.
Therefore, this grounding method applies to circuits
below several megahertz.
Multi-point grounding is as shown:
In order to reduce the ground impedance, the
simplest way is to make the circuit near the ground,
avoid using long connection line on ground, which is
called Multi-point grounding. In comer, weak circuit
are close to ground, ground connection is shorter, and
ground impedance is low. In general, when the
frequency is less than 1MHz, we utilize single-point
grounding way; when the frequency between 1-
10MHz, in the condition of Single-point grounding, the
total length of the ground must not exceed 1/20 of the
wave length ; otherwise we use multi-point
grounding, when the frequency is higher than 10MHz,
we should utilize multi-point grounding .
1.4. Floating grounding
Floating grounding is as shown in the figure.
A Key To Map Leading The Future
This is normal ground connection, it has two ground
points: source ground and amplifier ground, Double
core signal line is utilized for shield cable. There will be
great disturbance, if the common mode source (noise
source) is added to the input port. (The noise source is
caused by the potential difference between the source
resistance and the amplifier ground point) In this case
we should consider the floating grounding way. It is
common to add a resistor at the source ground. As is
Floating grounding Figure
The ground loop signal is caused by the connection of
more than one ground point in the system, while the
floating area eliminates multiple ground point, that is,
the shield sheet of the source and signal lines is
grounded only at one point in the source of the signal,
this is the best way to reduce the sense of interference,
to avoid the shield wire contact with more than one
grounding system.
2. Shielding technology
Shield means the method we use containers which
made of low-resistance materials magnetic materials to
surround the circuit that need to be isolated. Shield is
closely related to grounding. To reach good shielding
affection, we need not only careful consideration of the
shielding, but also attention to the grounding method.
Usually, interference can be overcome basically by
reasonable shielding and grounding methods.
2.1 Classification of Shields
The shield can be divided into following categories:
Electrostatic shielding - to prevent electrostatic
coupling interference;
Electromagnetic shielding is mainly used for high
frequency (f 1 KHz) or high impedance (R 1KQ)
occasions. We use low-resistance metal materials, such
as aluminum, copper, etc., utilize the internal flow in the
metal to prevent the interference of alternating
electromagnetic fields;
Magnetic field shield is mainly used for low frequency or
small impedance. We use high permeability materials to
prevent magnetic induction, such as iron-nickel
magnetic alloy, manganese tour alloy and twisted pair
line. We also use battery of the pre-amplifier as a
separate power supply and other methods.
Case analysis
2.2 Shield principle for low noise amplifier
As shown in the following circle diagram, it is shown
a weak signal through the amplifier:
(a) Correct cornedtcn
shield cover
7777
(b) Wrong connection 1
3) Multi - level active filter network
The instrument is developed several times from the
hardware to the software, through different dates,
different periods, different operators in different
regions and use electromagnetic, DC, high-density
instrument and other instruments for experimental
comparison, the reading stability of the instrument has
reached high level, it is available to reflect a certain
degree of ground resistivity information, for analysis
and evaluation. The whole system of the device is
simple, lightweight, fast and with high efficiency, carry
out rapid scan work in a large area of surface to
determine the investigation area, it has unique
advantage to improve work efficiency. The instrument
will continue to be improved on the circuit as well as
software, increase the acquisition channel of the
instrument, and optimize the data integration from the
analog channel to the data channel.
In 2017 we achieved the goal that the instrument
automatically draw 3D map, completely out of the
situation of draw with professional graphics software
on computer, mapping with one-button in a second
time device is realized by us. We will continue to
innovate and make the equipment more intelligent.
PAGE 08