Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias, Inc.: Osmeña Ave., Victorias City, Negros Occidental Telefax No. (034) 399-2830

COLEGIO DE STA. ANA DE VICTORIAS, INC.
Osmeña Ave., Victorias City, Negros Occidental

Email: colegiodestaanadevictorias@yahoo.com
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
Difficulties Encountered in Modular Learning
A Thesis presented to the

Faculty of the Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias, Inc.
Senior High School Department
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research I
Gamlanga, Chiem
Alayon, Joley May
Clavel, Talisa Nicole
Matapaja, Jeah
Similla, Jamaica
Cumawas, Kent
April, 2021
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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The term distance learning has been applied to many instructional methods: however, its
primary distinction is that the teacher and the learner are separate in space and possibly time
(Teaster& Blieszner, 1999). Most countries around the world have temporarily closed
educational institutions to contain the spread of the virus and reduce infections (Tria, 2020).
Places such as Beijing, Jakarta, and South American countries such as Brazil and
Argentina have all begun to use distance-learning techniques to reach those that would by any
other means be unreachable. Despite the promises and obvious advantages to distance learning,
there are problems that need to be resolved. These problems include the quality of instruction,
hidden costs, misuse of technology, and the attitudes of instructors, students, and administrators.
Each one of these has an effect on the overall quality of distance learning as a product. In many
ways, each of these issues relates to the others. We will examine each of these issues separately.
Online and modular learning are among the distance education modalities being
implemented by DepEd this year as in-person classes remain suspended due to the threat of the
coronavirus. Still, President Rodrigo Duterte welcomed the school opening with no face-to-face
classes in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic. During DepEd’s School Opening Day
National Program, Mateo said most of the concerns were about enrollment, including the process
and credentials for transferring a student from private to public school. According to Mateo
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(2020), they have gathered about 16,000 reports since they opened classes, and out of those, they
have resolved close to 90% and aide from the enrollment, the concerns were mostly about their
learning continuity plan.
According to Briones (2020), education cannot wait, our learners cannot wait. We
continue with the process, so, we can give hope and continuity, and contribute to the
normalization of activities in the country. As of Sept. 27, however, DepEd was still in a rush to
complete the distribution of these SLMs, 80 percent of which have already been distributed.
Despite these challenges, Gatchalian praised teachers for being on the frontlines of
ensuring the continuity of education as he urged DepEd to continue upholding their welfare.
Many previous studies have been performed to identify the different difficulties
encountered by the students in modular learning. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, traditional
classes cannot be done and in response to the changing needs of modern global society, modular
curriculum has come into play (Dangle & Sumaoang, 2020). The problem is that other students
cannot catch up with others because they do not share the same intelligence to understand their
modules on their own. Although they are trying their best to educate themselves, we cannot just
change the fact that there are others who are slow-learners. Learning will not be the same again
for students thriving for their right to education (Mean-Chin, 2020).
The purpose of this study is to identify the different difficulties that the students
encountered in modular learning. The researchers also aim that this study will provide valuable
information to educational leaders about the perceptions of students in modular learning. Thus,
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ascertaining the solutions of every educational institution in providing assistance to students who
are having difficulty in this new learning modality.
This will take place at Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias’ within reach. Due to some
circumstances we faced as the virus is still rampant in our country and society we cannot ask the
students personally of Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias. The researchers decided to conduct this
study through survey forms that can be passed through social media apps and sites. The survey
forms will be made by the researchers, themselves, as they ask the students if they can participate
in the study. Social Media will be used as the new platform for conducting this study as they
consider the events and everyone's safety and health.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to identify the difficulties encountered by the Senior High School
students in the modular learning of Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias school year 2020 – 2021.
Specifically, the study aims to answer the following research questions:
1.) What are the difficulties encountered by the students in modular learning?
2.) What are the reasons behind the difficulties encountered by the students in
morular learning?
Scope and Limitation
The participants in this study will only be the Senior High School students of Colegio de
Sta. Ana de Victorias enrolled in the school year 2020 – 2021. The study will only focus on the
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difficulties faced by the students in modular learning. Internet connection for the completion of
online surveys would pose a limitation.
Significance of the Study
This study may be beneficial to the following:
Students: Students will benefit in learning on what kind of Barriers they are dealing now
and in the next future.
Parents: They may be given ideas and knowledge about the difficulties that students go
through in modular learning. This study may also provide a basis for guiding and helping their
children.
Teachers: This study may give teachers information and reflection to help identify and
monitor students who are having a difficult time in modular learning.
School Administrators: This study will provide them detailed information regarding the
Difficulties encountered by students.
Future Researchers: They will replicate results for further studies that are similar or
connected to this study.
Review of Related Literature
Distance education is a powerful and growing force in education in a wide variety of
subjects, including astronomy, at the university level. In distance education, the student is located
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at a distance from the campus and is educated through a mixture of media specifically prepared
printed text being central. Depending on resources, a wide variety of other media can be used,
notably TV, video, and personal computers, all of which can be located at remote study centers
and shared by a number of students (Ozcan & Genc, 2015).
The modules in Business French are important for the quality of the results of students in
Business French of the University of Foreign Trade University. However, students admitted to
having difficulties with these modules. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out surveys to find out
the problems students have in learning, thus suggesting solutions to difficulties for students
(Giang, D.T.T. and Tra, V.H. 2019).
The Philippine education system is now adapting to the new blended learning as public
schools were set to resume its classes nationwide. According to the Deped Secretary Leonor
Briones, education cannot wait. Open communication between the teacher to students is also part
of the norm to ensure and monitor the progress of the students at home. As the students
experienced the distance modular learning, they encountered different problems and difficulties
in the studies. The hasty determination of our country’s readiness to adapt to the new norm is
way off. The children may be adjusting from the traditional school set up they were used to. Let's
support and help them adjust and move forward to their dreams (Mean-Chin, 2020).
Asynchronous e-learning is an appealing option for interprofessional education (IPE) as it
addresses the geographic and timetabling barriers often encountered when organizing activities
across educational programs. Seventy-seven students completed e-learning modules developed

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through a consortium of educational institutions. Evaluation was primarily qualitative through
focus groups, interviews, analyses on off-line discussions and an online feedback form. Focus
groups and interviews reinforced that students recognized the importance of working together
and implicate clinical education as an important venue to reinforce learning about collaborative
practice. Students learned about each other's role, solved problems together and had positive
perceptions of the online modules as a venue for interprofessional learning (Solomon, Baptiste,
Hall, Luke, Orchard, Rukholm, Carter, King & Taraba, 2010).
As schools across the country continued to conduct dry runs of the implementation of
distance learning, educators have identified several challenges with the new way of delivering
lessons to students at home. Among them are the distances that teachers have to cover in order to
distribute self-learning modules (SLMs) to their students' houses. According to Estela Cariño
also said there are learners who do not have parents that could help them in studying their
lessons at home while there are parents who answer the SLMs for their children which made the
difficulties of the students wider than before (Bernardo, 2020).

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Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The current study aims at identifying the difficulties experienced by students regarding
modular learning. Qualitative research studies allow the researchers to explore the phenomenon
from an individual's personal experiences in varying situations and circumstances. A
phenomenology research design will be used to administer this study to explore student's
experiences in modular learning. Phenomenology is the philosophical study of the structures of
experience and consciousness. As a philosophical movement it was founded in the early years of
the 20th century by Edmund Husserl and was later expanded upon by a circle of his followers at
the universities of Göttingen and Munich in Germany (Husserl, Scheler and Heidegger, 1978).
Participants of the Study
The 10 selected Senior High School students of Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias of the
school year 2020 – 2021 will be the main participants of this study. The participants were chosen
because the mode of delivery that they are receiving is modular learning.
Research Instrument
The research instruments that will be used in this study is interview questionnaire which
will be made by the researchers. The instruments will contain questions about the difficulties that
the participants experienced in modular learning.

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Considering the pandemic, the researchers will be sending emails of the link of the
survey form to all the participating students. Cellular data connection and gadgets will be also
needed for this study to be successful.
Data Collection Procedure
The researchers will conduct a detailed step-by-step procedure for gathering information
necessary for this study, Data collection procedure will be done by online means through an interview and
in an interview questionnaire. Frist the researchers will request for a list of the respondents from the
CSAV office using a letter of request to be signed by the research teacher, The list will include the names
of all CSAV Students and their sections. Then the researchers will secure permission from their research
teacher to conduct the interview and interview questionnaire to the identified respondents of the study.
The questionnaires to the identified respondents of the study. The questionnaire will be distributed to the
selected high school and Senior high School Students of Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias. The
researchers will conduct this study and will come up with questions to be given to the selected
respondents in Senior High School and Junior High School Students. The researchers will divide the tasks
by having one researcher interview selected students in each section of high School and Senior High
School students. The respondents will then be asked to read and agree to a short form indicating
willingness and awareness to participate in the interview questionnaire with full cooperation. After
answering the survey, the respondents will be interviewed by the researchers online with the utilization of
Google Meet.
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Data Analysis Procedure
The researchers need enough time and effort in planning and making the survey questionnaire.
After the researchers finalize the research survey questionnaire, the researches research adviser will check
the questionnaire and if it was approved then the researchers will to the validation of instrument.
During validation, the researchers assign in the specific consultants and experts to validate the
survey material validation. Then the researchers distribute and explain to the consultants about the
validation process. After the validation they gathered the information and computed as it resulted to the
passing score that lead them to the reliability testing.
The reliability testing will done in a selected high school. The researchers will meet with the so
respondents for the reliability testing. After conducting the reliability testing, the researchers research
adviser computed the scale and it was in an average score that leads to approval and then the researchers
moved to the final survey.
The collection of data in the final survey was according to the participating students who were
part of the research study of the researchers. The research study of the researchers were careful of giving
the most comfortable when the questionnaires were distributed. The data in the questionnaires were
prepared by the researchers and consulted by the consultants and experts. The data pertaining to the
difficulties encountered in Modular Learning were obtained from the personal perception of the selected
respondents.
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Ethical Considerations
The researchers will make sure that ethical considerations will be applied throughout the
study. The participants’ choice to join or refuse will be respected. The participants will be also
informed that they may withdraw from the study at any point or reason.
The researchers includes the consideration of the following:
• Informed consent ( that the participants participated in the survey voluntarily)
• Anonymity of respondents
• Confidentiality of Data, and
• Disposing survey materials used

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References
Barcelo, V., Casa, W. & Araneta, M. R. (2020). Distance Learning signals rough run.
Manilastandard, https://manilastandard.net/mobile/article/336009
Beltran, J. ( 2020). Struggling with blended learning. Inquirer,

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1344025/struggling-with-blended-learning
Bernardo, J. (2020). Modular delivery, parents answering activity sheets: Challenges seen in
distance learning simulations. ABS-CBN, https://news.abs-
cbn.com/news/08/31/20/module-delivery-parents-answering-activity-sheets-challenges-
seen-in-distance-learning-simulations
Chin, M. (2020). Students’ New Normal: Modular Distance Learning. Unique Philippines,
https://www.uniquephilippines.com/students-new-normal-modular-distance-learning/
Dangle, Y. R. P.& Sumaoang, J. D. (2020). The Implementation of Modular Distance Learning in

the Philippines Secondary public schools. ICATE, https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=
8&ved=2ahUKEwj3mb2FwPjvAhVLJaYKHRSgCSwQFjABegQIAxAD&url=https%3A
%2F%2Fwww.dpublication.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F11%2F27-
427.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2whOSdESKOi1DksbOfzuwL
Giang, D. T. T. & Tra, V. H. (2019). Difficulties encountered by Foreign Trade University

students in learning Business French . The Journal of Military Foreign Language Studies,
http://tckhnnqs.hvkhqs.edu.vn/index.php/JMFLS/article/view/53
Husserl E., Scheler M., & Heidegger M. (1978). Phenomenology (philosophy). Wikipedia,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenology_(philosophy)
Olajide, V. (2019). Data Collection with Google forms. ResearchGate,

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335147346_Data_Collection_with_Google_For
ms
Rankhumise, M. & Setthako, M. (2020). Challenges faced by the Students in an Online Teaching
and Learning Module in a South African University: A Case Study. Iated Digital Library,
https://library.iated.org/view/RANKHUMISE2015CHA
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
Rogers, S. (2020). How to stay on top of market trends in a dynamic environment. Think with
Google, https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/intl/en-apac/marketing-strategies/search/how-
to-use-google-trends/amp/?
utm_source=twg_paid_gsn&utm_medium=paidsearch&utm_campaign=300421-sem-
evergreen-googletrends-
twg_paid_gsn&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=Google&utm_team=twg-
apac&utm_campaign=202011-yisq42020-vn-
en&gclid=Cj0KCQjwp86EBhD7ARIsAFkgakioTjxbPc4scP75E6adc54KfuZI_QXPB3ab
P5Rzp_3NVm3tN077UboaAi_9EALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds
Solomon, P., Baptiste, S., Hall, P., Luke, R., Orchard, C., Rukholm, E., Carter, L., King, S., &
Taraba, G. D. (2010). Students' perceptions of interprofessional learning through
facilitated online learning module. ResearchGate,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46008071_Students'_perceptions_of_interprofe
ssional_learning_through_facilitated_online_learning_modules
Teaster & Blieszner (1999). Distance Learning: Promises, Problems and Possibilities. Westga,
https://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/fall53/valentine53.html
Tria, J. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic through the Lens of Education in the Philippines: The
New Normal. ResearchGate,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341981898_The_COVID-
19_Pandemic_through_the_Lens_of_Education_in_the_Philippines_The_New_Normal
Valentine, D. (2002). Distance Learning: Promises, Problems and Possibilities. Westga,

https://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/fall53/valentine53.html
Wolber, A. (2018). How to collect data with Google Forms: 4 steps. TechRepublic,
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-collect-data-with-a-google-form-4-steps/
Zahavi, D. (2003). Husserl's Phenomenology. Stanford: Stanford University Press

https://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=3751
APPENDIX A
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Joley May D. Alayon

Address: CDC Subd. Brgy. Purisima Manapla, Negros
Occidental
E-Mail Address: joleymay.alayon@csav.edu.ph
Contact Number: 09458424658
Date of Birth: May 22, 2003

Place of Birth: Lady of Mercy Hospital, Bacolod City
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Father’s Name: Jose Maria V. Alayon
Occupation: Sea Farer
Mother’s Name: Leah D. Alayon
Occupation: Teacher
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

COLEGIO DE STA. ANA DE VICTORIAS
Victorias City, Negros Occidental
Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias Senior High School
2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Manapla National High School
Brgy. 1-A Manapla, Negros Occidental
June 2016 – March 2020
Research Experience:
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Manapla Elementary School
Brgy. 1 Manapla, Negros Occidental
June 2010 - April 2016
CURRICULUM VITAE
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
Name: Talisa Nicole P. Clavel

Address: Magsaysay St. Cadiz City
E-Mail Address: talisanicole.clavel@gmail.com
Date of Birth: September 11, 2004

Place of Birth: Cadiz City
Father’s Name: Jerry Clavel
Occupation: Driver
Mother’s Name: Julie Clavel
Occupation: Housewife
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Dr. Vicente F. Gustilo Memorial National High School
Cadiz City, Negros Occidental
June 2016 – April 2020
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Happy Tots Christian School
Bacolod City, Philippines 6001
CURRICULUM VITAE
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
Name: Kent Cyril D. Cumawas

Address: Brgy . Chambry, Municipality of Manapla ,Negros
Occidental
E-Mail Address: kentcyril.cumawas@csav.edu.ph
Date of Birth: May 30, 2003

Place of Birth: Manila
Religion: INC
Father’s Name: Landy Cumawas Sr.
Occupation: None
Mother’s Name: Deziree Cumawas
Occupation: OFW
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Brgy. 1-A Manapla, Negros Occidental
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Manapla Elementary School
Brgy. 1 Manapla, Negros Occidental
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Chiem G. Gamlanga

Address: Brgy. 6, Victorias City, Negros Occidental
E-Mail Address: chiem.gamlanga@csav.edu.ph
Date of Birth: August 06, 2003

Place of Birth: Victorias City
Father’s Name: Carlito A. Gamlanga
Occupation: None
Mother’s Name: Shiela A. Gamlanga
Occupation: Teacher
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Municipality of Manapla Negros Occidental
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Tamlang Elementary School
Escalanty City, Negros Occidental
June 2010 – Apr 2016
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Jeah Lourraine R. Matapaja

Address: St. Michael Subd., Brgy. Alicante, E. B.
Magalona, Negros Occidental
E-Mail Address: jeahlourraine@gmail.com
Date of Birth: December 28, 2003

Place of Birth: Bacolod City
Religion: PMCC 4th Watch
Father’s Name: Alan G. Matapaja (Deceased)
Occupation: N/A
Mother’s Name: Ma. Judee R. Matapaja
Occupation: Sangguniang Barangay
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
St. Joseph Academy of Saravia Inc.
E.B. Magalona, Negros Occidental
June 2016- March 2020
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Alicante Elementary School
Brgy. Alicante E. B. Magalona, Negros Occidental
Telefax No. (034) 399-2830
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Jamaica Similla

Address: Silay City, Negros Occidental
E-Mail Address: jamaica.similla@csav.edu.ph
Date of Birth: May 22,2004

Place of Birth: Silay City
Father’s Name: Joel V. Similla
Occupation: Driver
Mother’s Name: Merinissa Similla
Occupation: Micro Insurance Coordinator
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2020 - present
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
ST. FRANCIS OF ASSISI SCHOOL OF SILAY CITY
Silay City, Negros Occidental
None
PRIMARY EDUCATION
HAWAIIAN PHILIPPINE COMPANY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Silay City, Negros Occidental
June 2010 - March 2016

Colegio de Sta. Ana de Victorias, Inc.: Osmeña Ave., Victorias City, Negros Occidental Telefax No. (034) 399-2830

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COLEGIO DE STA. ANA DE VICTORIAS, INC.

Osmeña Ave., Victorias City, Negros Occidental

Difficulties Encountered in Modular Learning

A Thesis presented to the

Background of the Study

learning continuity plan.

encountered by the students in modular learning. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, traditional

for students thriving for their right to education (Mean-Chin, 2020).

are having difficulty in this new learning modality.

consider the events and everyone's safety and health.

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, the study aims to answer the following research questions:

Scope and Limitation

online surveys would pose a limitation.

Significance of the Study

This study may be beneficial to the following:

and in the next future.

monitor students who are having a difficult time in modular learning.

Difficulties encountered by students.

connected to this study.

Review of Related Literature

Distance education is a powerful and growing force in education in a wide variety of

and shared by a number of students (Ozcan & Genc, 2015).

(Giang, D.T.T. and Tra, V.H. 2019).

Asynchronous e-learning is an appealing option for interprofessional education (IPE) as it

across educational programs. Seventy-seven students completed e-learning modules developed

through a consortium of educational institutions. Evaluation was primarily qualitative through

Hall, Luke, Orchard, Rukholm, Carter, King & Taraba, 2010).

difficulties of the students wider than before (Bernardo, 2020).

from an individual's personal experiences in varying situations and circumstances. A

experiences in modular learning. Phenomenology is the philosophical study of the structures of

Participants of the Study

the participants experienced in modular learning.

needed for this study to be successful.

Data Collection Procedure

Data Analysis Procedure

passing score that lead them to the reliability testing.

moved to the final survey.

The researchers includes the consideration of the following:

• Informed consent ( that the participants participated in the survey voluntarily)

• Confidentiality of Data, and

• Disposing survey materials used

Beltran, J. ( 2020). Struggling with blended learning. Inquirer,

Dangle, Y. R. P.& Sumaoang, J. D. (2020). The Implementation of Modular Distance Learning in

Giang, D. T. T. & Tra, V. H. (2019). Difficulties encountered by Foreign Trade University

Olajide, V. (2019). Data Collection with Google forms. ResearchGate,

Valentine, D. (2002). Distance Learning: Promises, Problems and Possibilities. Westga,

Zahavi, D. (2003). Husserl's Phenomenology. Stanford: Stanford University Press

Name: Joley May D. Alayon

Date of Birth: May 22, 2003

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Name: Talisa Nicole P. Clavel

Date of Birth: September 11, 2004

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Name: Kent Cyril D. Cumawas

Date of Birth: May 30, 2003

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Name: Chiem G. Gamlanga

Date of Birth: August 06, 2003

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Name: Jeah Lourraine R. Matapaja

Date of Birth: December 28, 2003

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL