WISH = deseo

USTED NO TIENE ALGO, PERO LO QUIERE

CONDITIONAL

I WISH = IF ONLY
Yo deseo = Si tan solo

1- I wish/ if only + subject+ simple past. / REGRET SOMETHING ABOUT A PRESENT

SITUATION

I wish I were rich = If only I were rich

I wish I had money = If only I had money
I wish SHE HAD MONEY
2- I wish/ If only + subject + could / EXPRESS A DESIRE TO DO SOMETHING

I wish we could go to the beach this weekend

If only I could be a master of this subject

I wish I could sell drugs

If only I could sell drugs
If only I could make a lot of money

If only I could have a lot of money X

3- I wish/ If only + subject +would/ EXPRESS A COMPLAINT OR CRITICISIM

I wish they would stop fighting

I WISH SHE WOULD GIVE MORE CLASSES
I WISH THE GOVERNMENT WOULD STOP STEALLING
I wish my mother would stop complaining about everything

I wish/ If only + subject +would/ WISH ABOUT THE FUTURE

If only peter would not drink so much

If only people would get the vaccine

4- I wish/ If only + subject + past perfect / EXPRESS REGRET ABOUT A PAST SITUATION

I wish you hadn’t lost the photo

If only you hadn’t done it
IF ONLY TEACHER JUANA HADN’T QUIT
MODAL VERBS

SHOULD/ SHOULDN’T

Should: obligation, necessity, duty

You should wear your seatbelt.

Should: a STRONG ADVICE

You should see a doctor

Shouldn’t: to express prohibition

You shouldn’t talk to strangers

Shouldn’t: a STRONG ADVICE

You shouldn’t drink and drive

NOTA: SHOULD can only be used to talk about the present or near future.

HAVE TO/ DON’T HAVE TO

Have: express a necessity

Doctors have to wear a uniform at work

Don’t have to: to say it is not a necessity

You don’t have to do the laundry

NOTA: questions and negations with have to are formed with DO, DOES, DID

Do you have to wear a uniform?

Yes, I do/ No, I don’t

Did you have to kiss that girl?

Yes, I did/ No, I didn’t
CAN / CAN’T

Can:

- Express ability in the present

Bill can speak 4 languages

- To ask for or give permission (INFORMAL)

Can I go to the bathroom? Yes, you can

- To make a request (INFORMAL)

Can I have some cake?

- To make a suggestion
We can don drugs

- To make an offer (INFORMAL)

Can I help you?

Can’t:

- Express lack of ability

I can’t swim

- Refuse permission
You can’t go to BIO

MAY/ MIGHT

- Express possibility

Ronty is late, he might be at La cita

- To ask for permission (FORMAL)

May I use your cellphone?

Might I use your cellphone?
Certainly/ Of course/ no, unfortunately you can’t
NOTA: we can only use May + not TO DENY PERMISSION

May I go outside?
No, you may not go outside

MUST/ MUSTN’T

Must: express duty/ STRONG OBLIGATION and show that sth is REALLY REALLY REALLY
essential.

My math test is on Friday. I must study

Mustn’t: to say sth is forbidden; IT IS AGAINST THE RULES/LAW

You mustn’t ride a motorbike without a helmet

NOTAN GENERAL:

1- MUST/ SHOULD/CAN/MAY/MIGHT DO NOT USE THE ‘S’ FOR THE THIRD PERSON

He must

She shoulds x
2- ARE FOLLOWED BY A BARE INFINITIVE

He should DRINK
He should drinks X

3- DO NOT HAVE TENSES; ESO SE LO DA USTE

You have to go now PRESENT

You can come back tomorrow FUTURE

ALLOWED TO:

- Permission

I am allowed to kill people

NOT ALLOWED TO:

- Refuse permission
I am not allowed to hug people