B.

Part 2
Arkin plans to go cliff diving at Salagdoong Beach. On his tread at the end of
the cliff he noticed that there is this stone that drops from the cliff, that is why
a second later he threw a stone vertically downward with a velocity of 20
m/s. How far below the top of the cliff will the second stone overtake the
first?

Given:

V0throw = -20 m/s

V0stone = 0 m/s
y=?

Solution:

2(g)(y) = V2stone - V20stone

2(-9.8 m/s2)(y) = V2stone
(-19.6 m/s2)(y) = V2stone eq. 1.1

2(g)(y) = V2throw - V20throw

2(-9.8 m/s2)(y) = V2throw - (-20 m/s)2
(-19.6 m/s2)(y) = V2throw - (-20 m/s)2 eq. 1.2

Since eq. 1.1 and 1.2 are equal:

V2stone = V2throw - (-20 m/s)2 eq. 1.3

Getting the Instantaneous Velocity

Vstone = gt = (-9.8 m/s2)(t) eq. 2.1

Vthrow = V0throw + g(t - 1s)

Vthrow = V0throw + gt - g(1s)
Vthrow = (-20 m/s) + Vstone - (-9.8 m/s2)(1s)
Vthrow = Vstone - 10.2 m/s eq. 2.2

Substituting eq. 2.2 to eq. 1.3

V2stone = (Vstone - 10.2 m/s)2 - (-20 m/s)2

V2stone = V2stone - 2(10.2 m/s)(Vstone) + (10.2 m/s)2 - (-20 m/s)2
2 2
(10.2 𝑚/𝑠) − (−20 𝑚/𝑠)
Vstone = 2(10.2 𝑚/𝑠)
Vstone = -14.51 m/s
Using eq. 2.1 to solve for t

Vstone = gt = (-9.8 m/s2)(t)

-14.51 m/s = (-9.8 m/s2)(t)
t = 1.48s

Using fourth kinematic equation to solve for y

1
y = (V0stone)(t) + 2
gt2
1
y= 2
(-9.8 m/s2)(1.48s)2
y = -10.73 m

To check

1
y = (V0throw)(t-1) + 2 g(t-1)2
1
y = (-20 m/s)(0.48s) + 2 (-9.8 m/s2)(0.48s)2
y = -10.73 m

The stone that Arkin has thrown a second after the first stone has dropped
will overtake the first stone 10.73m below the top of the cliff.

Ludwig Huntley Vengco

12 - Candela