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Fmsarrpe (Sarrp Operator Manual)
Fmsarrpe (Sarrp Operator Manual)
Language: English
About Xstrahl Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
About Us Gulmay Medical Inc. (an Xstrahl company) is a leading designer and
manufacturer of X-Ray research solutions used by life science
researchers and radiation physicists to further biological and cancer
research.
Xstrahl’s powerful and customizable SARRP (small animal radiation
research platform) is the most advanced, commercially available micro-
imaging X-Ray research system, while Xstrahl’s standalone X-Ray
Research Cabinets are often employed by research scientists to safely
irradiate both in vivo and in vitro biological samples.
Notice of Copyright SARRP Operator Manual ©2014 Gulmay Medical Inc (an Xstrahl
Company). All rights reserved.
Disclaimer Unless specifically agreed to in writing, Gulmay Medical Inc (an Xstrahl
company) assumes no liability for use of this document if unauthorized
changes to the content or format are made. Every care has been taken
to ensure the information in this document is accurate. However, Xstrahl
assumes no responsibility or liability for errors, inaccuracies or omissions
which may occur in this document.
To improve reliability, function or design, Xstrahl reserves the right to
change the product and/or this manual without notice.
File No., Issue, Date FMSARRPOM, Issue E©2014 Gulmay Medical Inc (an Xstrahl
Company). All rights reserved.
Contact Information
Web www.Xstrahl.com
Email support@Xstrahl.com
Phone +1 678-765-8970
Fax +1 678-765-8975
Technical Support
Email support@Xstrahl.com
Phone +1 678-765-8970
This document and all accompanying documents have all been drafted in
the English language.
Referenced Documents Not all documents referred to in this document are part of the scope of
delivery for the equipment. Xstrahl reserves the right to determine the
documents delivered with the product.
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All rights reserved.
About Xstrahl Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Compatibility/
Contraindications SARRP Systems must be used only in combination with components
expressly recognized by Xstrahl as compatible with SARRP Systems. Before
using any equipment or component not supplied by Xstrahl Limited, consult
Xstrahl for advice on compatibility
The use of components other than those specified by Xstrahl may affect
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance and result in increased
emissions or decreased immunity of the equipment.
Modification of
Equipment. Changes and/or additions to SARRP Systems must be performed only by
persons expressly authorized by Xstrahl. Such changes must comply with
best engineering practice and all applicable laws and regulations within the
jurisdiction.
Intended Audience The information contained in this manual is intended solely for the use of
trained and competent operators preferably trained by Xstrahl or an
authorized vendor. Training requirements vary by country. Users must
ensure that training is provided in accordance with all applicable local laws
and regulations.
Glossary
A ampere (amp)
AC alternating current
AUX auxiliary
BB CT marker
BDM background debug mode
CB circuit breaker
CBCT cone beam CT
CE Conformité Européene
CCU central control unit
DC direct current
DMM digital multi-metre
EHT extra high tension
EMC electromagnetic compatibility
ESD electrostatic discharge
FS fuse
GUI graphic user interface
HT high tension
Hz Hertz
IEC International Electrotechnical
Commission
Kg kilogram
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All rights reserved.
Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual About Xstrahl
Glossary
kV kilovolt
kW kilowatt
LCD liquid crystal display
mA milliampere (milli-amp)
mm millimetre
MU (radiation) monitor unit
mV millivolt
PC personal computer
PCB printed circuit board
PDF portable document file
PI plug
PPE personal protective equipment
PSU power supply unit
SK socket
sq square
SSD source-to-surface distance
SSR solid state relay
SW switch
TB terminal block
T/D time/dose
TFT thin film transistor
TP2 therapy panel 2
V volts
VA volts ampere
Vac volts A.C. (alternating current)
All Warning and Caution notices in this manual will appear at the point of
application.
Specific Hazards SARRP Systems have system specific hazards that are a potential risk
to both personnel and equipment. All Specific Hazard notices in this
manual will appear at the point of application.
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All rights reserved.
Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual About Xstrahl
Safety All users/operators of this equipment must read, obey and understand all
safety warnings, cautions, notes and safety labels on equipment.
All users/operators must read and understand all information in this
document.
Intended Function
(of document). The intended function of this document is to assist the user in the safe and
correct operation, application and preventive maintenance of the
equipment. The user is the authority who has the control of the equipment
and the person(s) who operates and works on the equipment.
Document
Amendment Table
Xstrahl, at their discretion, may update sections of this document after
first issue. Updated document amendments will be marked by an
identifying release date which can be found at the bottom of all document
pages (for example, 11/6/13).
It is the responsibility of the user to update the following Document
Amendment Table as new document amendments are
issued:
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reserved.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Table of Contents
About Us .............................................................. (i)
Trademark ............................................................. (i) Intended Audience ............................................... (ii)
Notice of Copyright ............................................... (i) Glossary ............................................................... (ii)
Disclaimer ............................................................. (i) Warnings, Cautions and Notes ............................ (iv)
Compliance ........................................................... (i) Specific Hazards .................................................. (iv)
File No., Issue, Date ............................................. (i) Safety ................................................................... (v)
Acknowledgments ................................................. (i) Intended Use (of equipment) ............................... (v)
Referenced Documents ....................................... (i) Intended Function (of document) ......................... (v)
Compatibility/Contraindications ........................... (ii) Document Amendment Table .............................. (v)
Modification of Equipment ................................... (ii) Preface ................................................................ (xiii)
Preface
This is the Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual. This manual provides the information required to
operate a SARRP system.
Precautionary Information
1 This section provides precautionary safety information and warnings and must
be read and thoroughly understood prior to operating the SARRP system.
SARRP Overview
2 This section provides an overview of the SARRP system, including illustrations
of the SARRP modules, supplementary modules (PC and interface) and
descriptions of the safety system interlocks.
MuriSlice®
6 This section demonstrates how to use the MuriSlice software. This includes
how to calibrate, reconstruct geometry configurations, visualise volumes and
meshes and manipulate 3D cutting planes.
Active DCAM
7 This section demonstrates how to use the Active DCAM software that works
with the Portal Camera. The user is able to adjust multiple camera parameters
in real time such as brightness, aim, shutter, camera, sharpness, view,
saturation and white balance.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Notes
A
About XSTRAHL
Refer to the About Xstrahl section at the front of this manual for general
information not covered in the manual sections.
Attachments
The following documents are included as a disc during the Initial Training Session:
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Section 1:
Precautionary Information
in this section
1.1 Ionising Radiation ...................................................................................... 1
1.2 Maintenance of Equipment ........................................................................ 1
1 Precautionary Information
RADIATION: X-Ray equipment emits ionizing radiation and is
dangerous to both operator and personnel. To avoid risk of injury, observe
all safety measures and ensure you are adequately trained prior to
operating this equipment.
The instructions in this manual should be thoroughly read and understood prior
to operating the SARRP system.
All operators must be fully acquainted with the relevant regulations and codes
of practice.
Failure to observe periodic maintenance can present a serious safety risk which
can result in serious injury to the operator and/or public.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 2: Precautionary Information
Section 2:
SARRP Overview
in this section
2.1 SARRP Modules ..................................................................................... 2
2.2 Safety System Interlocks ........................................................................ 3
2.3 SARRP Training...................................................................................... 4
2 SARRP Overview
RADIATION: X-Ray equipment emits ionizing radiation which
is dangerous to both operator and personnel in close proximity. To
avoid risk of injury, observe all safety measures and ensure you
are adequately trained power to operating this equipment.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 2: SARRP Overview
5
2
7 6
3
10
NOTE: The SARRP has an HT generator and cooling system. This is covered in more
detail in the SARRP Technical Manual provided with your equipment.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual
Several other tasks are incorporated into the SARRP interface and will be
detailed further in this manual.
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Homing is the procedure which initializes the absolute position of each stage
and motor. This procedure is required every time the system is powered on or
the control board is reset.
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The operator must manually position the rotational stage (see Figure 3–4) prior
to homing the robot. If the position of an axis needs adjusting, the black circular
gears at the end of each stage can be rotated to move the required axis.
Once the homing sequence is completed, the Motors Enabled Check Box will
be checked and the robot stages can be programmed. This box can also be
used to enable/disable the motors.
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The previous diagrams illustrate the direction of the robotic specimen stage
about the isocenter with the relevant ± value entered into the axis boxes.
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Note The robot coordinate system is defined based on the readings of the robot
motor encoders; its origin is based on the home position of the robot.
Robot Joints is used in the initial configuration of the unit and calibration
procedures.
This point is defined in the CT coordinate system and is moved to the beam
isocenter by moving the robotic stage. The current position of the target is
demonstrated in five display boxes to the right of the ISO CT label.
The drop-down menu also includes a text box to define the gantry angle in
degrees. Selecting the Move button moves the target to the isocenter, and the
numbers in ISO CT and ISO Goal will be equal.
Note Pressing the STOP button at any time prevents further motion of the robot.
1. Independent of CT guidance.
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The Unhome Robot menu option rehomes the robot (if not
Unhome Robot Option
already properly homed).
The X-Ray Control Software allows the computer to talk to the MP1. It offers quick setup
for CBCT and irradiation of the specimen. All safety conditions must be met before X-
Rays are turned on. Any interruption of the safety circuit will disable X-Rays. The X-
Ray control software has a menu for Technique Presets which enables a user to define
a kV and mA setting for each condition used.
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On-board CBCT imaging is achieved by a 360º rotation of the horizontal animal between
the stationary X-Ray source and the 20 x 20 cm flat panel detector.
CBCT is conducted without the collimator fitted and with the 1 mm of aluminum filter
fitted.
1. Rotate the gantry to 90 degrees. Select the Imaging Parameters (aluminum filter,
Fine Focus, desired kV and mA). Pull up the Detector Shield. Ensure nothing is in
the path from the tube to the detector.
2. Select Detector Calibration from the Detector sub-menu in the main toolbar.
3. A prompt will appear stating the X-Rays must be off for the beginning of the process
(Figure 3-12). This will acquire a dark field image.
4. Then SARRP will alert the operator that the X-Rays will be turned on. Select OK (at
the prompt) to turn X-Rays on for capturing a flood field image.
5. After completing the calibration process, the interface will display a prompt advising
X-Rays will be turned off (Figure 3-13).
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A CBCT can be conducted for a new series or scans added to an existing study.
To perform a CBCT:
Note: Always begin a CBCT with X, Y, and Z at 0 degrees. Using the SARRP
software, Experiment and Scan names must contain NO SPACES.
2. If necessary, adjust the position of the specimen to bring the desired target into the
field of view. The lasers on the SARRP system can be used for visual confirmation of
the center of the field of view
3. Select the Imaging Parameters (aluminum filter, Fine Focus, desired kV and mA). Pull
up the Detector Shield. Move Gantry to 90 degrees.
4. Either choose a defined Experiment in the drop down menu or select New Experiment
from the main interface (Figure 3-14). If a New Experiment is chosen, define the
name in the popup menu (Figure 3 –14) and click OK.
Figure 3–14: Creating a New Experiment for Performing New CBCT Scans.
5. Click CBCT Acquisition on the main interface. If the gantry is not at 90º, a prompt will
alert the user that the gantry is moving to 90º.
6. A pop-up window will prompt for a name for the new scan. The operator can choose
the default name or type the desired name. Click OK to accept.
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7. A prompt will ask the user if the robotic stage is free to move. This ensures any
cabling is accounted for. Also this will verify that the controller is in X-ray control
mode (802) and the key is in High Tension.
8. In the CBCT window, the interface will prompt for the number of 2D projections
(default is 360º; one projection at each degree of rotation), Figure 3–16. The default
couch speed default is 6º per second for a 360 projection scan. The speed can be
slowed down, but it is not recommended to go any higher. Select the reconstruction
protocol from the drop-down menu list (Figure 3–16). Click OK to start the acquisition
Imaging Protocols
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9. The interface will display a progress bar displaying the image acquisition process
and a completion message at the end of the acquisition (Figure 3–17).
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A FastScan allows the user to grab projections in 180 degrees plus the fan angle to
reduce the imaging dose by 45% compared to a 360 degree projection. This is useful for
researchers concerned about imaging dose or creating fractionated treatments.
1. First select the desired Experiment in the drop down menu or choose a New
Experiment. Then select the Cone Beam CT Menu and choose the FastScan
option.
2. The CBCT parameters will look the same, but the number of projections will be set to
199. Be sure to choose the FastScan Reconstruction protocol.
CBCT reconstruction is performed in parallel with CBCT acquisition. While the progress
bar (see Figure 3–17) displays the image acquisition, the MuriSlice is launched and
performs reconstruction. It uses a FDK algorithm on a Tesla GPU. Many reconstruction
protocols can be made with the different filters and voxel sizes offered.
The MuriSlice Manual (Section 6) presents the steps required to perform CBCT
manipulation.
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Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
If the CBCT MuriSlice window does not launch automatically, View CBCT can be used to
view a CBCT scan in the MuriSlice software.
1. Select the experiment via the drop-down menu (see Figure 3–20) in the main
interface panel.
2. Click the View CBCT button (see Figure 3–20) located in the CBCT acquisition
area. If there is more than one CBCT scan for the current experiment, the software
will prompt to choose the CBCT scan from a drop-down menu (see Figure 3–20). It
will then ask which reconstruction protocol is desired for the specific scan chosen.
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When the CBCT reconstruction is complete, the target can be located in the MuriSlice
window (see Figure 3–21).
Note For a more complete list of MuriSlice functions, consult the About tab, Getting
Started section.
The coordinates of the target are displayed in the pixel value window.
To locate a target:
1. Select Auto in the scan window (right menu) to automatically change the
contrast. Contrast can also be manually changed using the sliding bars for white
and black.
2. Select an isocenter by left clicking in a planar window at the desired target location. Verify
in all 3 planar windows that the target is properly placed. Then select Create from the List of
Reference Points (right menu) to create the Isocenter. Choose a name and click OK.
3. You will need to know which angle you want to irradiate. Measure the distance
from the surface of the specimen along the point of Radiation Entry of the target
by selecting a new target at the surface of the specimen. This can be called “Skin to
Isocenter at Gantry x”. Then select the isocenter and the newly created point at the
surface of the skin by holding down ctrl and left click both names. The distance
between the two will be just above the create button.
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1. Select Accept Coordinates in the MuriSlice window (Figure 3–21) to pass on these
coordinates to the SARRP interface (Figure 3–22).
2. Click OK in the main interface (Figure 3–22) to accept coordinates as the new
isocenter goal.
3. Select Move to relocate the target to the beam isocenter (for example, ISO CT will be
equal to ISO goal).
Figure 3–22: Coordinates of the Target Received from MuriSlice
There is a CBCT sub-menu in the main menu bar, which is designed to provide access
to additional CBCT functionality (see Figure 3–23).
The first option in the list is FastScan. This offers a scan using 199 degrees while still
giving a great resolution scan. It decreases the scan dose by 45%.
The second item in the CBCT sub-menu is Re-Reconstruct. This initiates the CBCT
reconstruction procedure and provides the option of performing reconstruction with
different protocols.
The third CBCT menu item is CBCT Calibration. This is where a technician calibrates
the panel to ensure the CBCT space is aligned with the mechanical space.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual
Imaging Panels
Bottom Left Image The first image panel is located at the bottom left of the main interface
Panel and displays the SARRP workspace. This panel is directly connected
to the optional camera mounted on the passive arm. By relocating the
passive arm, the field of view of this camera can be adjusted to different
working areas of the SARRP (see Figure 3–24)
Bottom Right The second imaging panel is located at the bottom right of the main
Image Panel interface. This panel is a notebook with four tabs; Flat Panel, Portal
Image, Calibration and CT Viewer (see Figure 3–24). Each tab is
associated with corresponding hardware.
Flat Panel captures an image from the X-Ray flat panel detector and CT
Viewer (for example, the one used for CBCT imaging). This tab has a
check box for displaying the beam centre; the Portal Image tab displays
the image captured by the X-Ray camera box located beneath the
subject.
This camera is oriented orthogonal to the flat panel and is used for
anterior-posterior imaging of the subject. Both tabs have a Capture
Image button for capturing the image and a Save Image button for
saving the image to a file. The third tab, Calibration, is used for
displaying the image from a calibration camera and is not used for
normal operation of the SARRP.
The fourth tab is CT Viewer. This enables the user to view an already
created CBCT only if the dose has been computed and it has been
loaded into Slicer. This is verification for CBCT.
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The Detector Option on the main interface toolbar has three image
related sub-menus:
• The first detector menu item is Detector Calibrate, which enables the user to
calibrate the flat panel for each kV and mA used.
• Shut Down the Detector enables the user to stop operation of the Detector panel,
which causes the SARRP interface to release the detector so it can be used by an
external software.
One software is provided by the panel manufacturer and may be used for
capturing images without using the SARRP software. If the detector is released by
the SARRP software (for example, by clicking Shut Down the Detector), it should
be reattached through the Initialize the Detector option in the Detector sub-menu
before attempting to capture images from the flat panel.
Figure 3–25: Detector Sub-Menu
3.12.1 ImageJ®
ImageJ is a free software package used for image processing. The SARRP software
provides a link to this external software, which is used to open images captured by either
the flat panel or X-Ray box camera.
The main toolbar has an ImageJ sub-menu, which includes options to start the
ImageJ software.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual
Conformal Arc Conformal arc therapy is possible with SARRP. The X and Y
Therapy (Conventional coordinates of the robot are continuously adjusted to keep the
and Conical) target at the isocenter. Radiation from either the Theta or Gantry
angles can be performed by use of the Continuous Arc Motion
menu.
Direct Radiation Using Beams, the coordinates of the target are read by the software
(Beams) from the selection using the CBCT image. After selecting the Theta
and Gantry angles for the beam, the user selects Move in the
SARRP Software to setup for an irradiation.
The Delivery sub-menu has a Dose Calculator designed to calculate the exposure time
based on the radiation parameters specified by the user.
These parameters include collimator size, source-to-surface distance (SSD), dose depth
and desired dose (Figure 3–18). After a calculation is complete, Apply Setting enables the
user to send the kV, mA and exposure time to the X-Ray control software.
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Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
3.13.2 To Irradiate following CBCT guidance using an Arc:
3. Select Continuous Arc Motion from the Delivery sub menu (the main interface
toolbar).
4. Enter the Gantry Start and Stop angles for a Conventional Arc Treatment. For a
Conical Arc treatment, verify the Gantry is not at 0 degrees and both Start and Stop
are the same. Change the Couch Start and Stop angles. Choose to either enter the
time or the speed and the other will automatically fill in.
5. When you choose Perform Arc Motion, the Gantry or Couch will automatically move
to the Start Location. If the motors are stopped by the user during setup, then the
Arc Motion needs to be exited and started over.
6. When the SARRP software alerts of X-Rays imminent, press OK when ready.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 3: SARRP Control Interface Operator Manual
1. Select Dose Calculator from the Delivery sub-menu (the main interface toolbar)
(Figure 3–26).
2. Enter the Collimator, SSD (Source to Skin Distance), Depth (in tissue) and Dose.
3. Choose Calculate.
4. When Apply Setting is chosen, the kV, mA, Broad Focus and Exposure Time are
automatically sent to the X-ray control Software.
5. Ensure the subject has been moved to the chosen Isocenter. Move the Gantry to
the chosen Treatment Direction.
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3.14 Troubleshooting
The most common error message is demonstrated in Figure 3–30. This error occurs when
the software cannot send the command to the control board.
Figure 3–30: Robot Error
1. Does the software still communicate with the control board? Is Connected marked
in the check box (see Figure 3–2)?
3. Are any of the joints at the travel limit? If so, manually move the joint away from the
limit.
5. Exit the SARRP software and reset the control board by cycling power to the SARRP
and restarting.
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Section 4:
Examples of Irradiation Uses
in this section
4.1 Example 1: Sequential Irradiation of Many Animals—Distal Femur ............ 1
4.2 Example 2: Thorax Radiation Delivery......................................................... 4
4.3 Example 3: BB Quality Assurance ............................................................... 5
When reviewing the methods in this section, it is important to understand that the
procedures outlined here are specific examples of SARRP applications that have
helped researchers accomplish specific research objectives.
Because the SARRP offers varied equipment and capabilities, many different
applications can be tailored from these examples using similar procedures, but with
small adjustments, for example, the double exposure method outlined in Example 1
(section 4.1) is used heavily in many applications which do not require the accuracy
and precision of CBCT-guided irradiation.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 4: Examples of Irradiation Uses
The strength of the SARRP system lies in its ability to precisely irradiate several
animals in a short amount of time.
4.1.1 Method
SARRP: high dose output and speedy imaging
Our group targeted 4 Gy fractions of radiation to only the distal portion of the femurs of
27 mice in under 2.5 hours. SARRP takes advantage of its high dose output, as well
as speedy imaging process to accomplish this task.
The adult mouse femur is roughly 1.3—1.5 cm in length. Mice were set up prone on a
styrofoam platform, with the limbs extended and fastened to the surface using surgical
tape. Anaesthesia was continuously administered through tubing into a makeshift
hood composed of tape surrounding the mouse’s head.
In order to target the region distal to the femur (see Figure 4–1), we employed the
X-Ray camera and ImageJ image processing software.
Firstly, an open field image was acquired; the two images were overlain to obtain a
double exposure displaying clearly, the positioning of the beam with respect to the
anatomy of the mouse. Minor adjustments were made by translating/rotating the
stage to properly situate the target region of the femur into the radiation field.
At this point, the energy settings of the beam were adjusted to treatment energy
(225 kVp and 13.0 mA) and radiation delivered. In order to reduce the setup time and
uncertainty, the styrofoam stage was marked where the irradiated leg was positioned so
that the next mouse could be taped down roughly where the previous mouse was, thus
cutting down on the distance the stage needed to be moved to align the beam.
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Section 4: Examples of Irradiation Uses Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
The user interface allows the user to change the isocenter and gantry angles.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual Section 4: Examples of Irradiation Uses
4.2.1 Method
We used a large collimator (see Figure 4–3) with an aperture of 1.4 cm x 2.5 cm, and to
visualize the lungs, we used the X-Ray Box camera (SARRP interface) with beam
settings of 100 kVp and 5.0 mA without copper filtration.
Once the mouse was placed in the proper position (lungs fully covered), we delivered the
therapy beam (220 kVp, 13.00 mA, 0.15 Cu). Alternatively, the beam coverage can be
shifted by moving the stage through the SARRP Control Interface menu (see Figure 4–4)
to cover only half of the thoracic region.
It may help the user to image the whole thorax first to visualize the mid-line, then to shift
so that the edge of the beam coincides with the mid-line.
The user interface enables the user to change the isocenter and gantry angles.
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Section 4: Examples of Irradiation Uses Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
To assure the accuracy of the CT-Beam calibration, we ran a daily quality assurance
routine which took approximately 15 minutes (and should be accomplished before
delivery of CBCT guided radiation).
4.3.1 Method
We used a semi-rigid mouse holder to which we affixed a piece of styrofoam, embedded
a BB and placed on the SARRP stage (see Figure 4–5). We then acquired a CBCT of this
setup. Using the MuriSlice software, we navigated through the reconstructed volume and
locate and target the BB. We then attached a 5 x 5 collimator through which we see a
beam’s eye view.
In order to acquire a measure of accuracy, the BB was aligned for and imaged in two
gantry positions: 90º and 0º. Flat field images were taken using the flat panel image and
the portal view tabs in the SARRP interface.
To properly evaluate these images, they should be saved in a directory and opened
using the java-based freeware, ImageJ. ImageJ makes it possible to set a scale using the
measure bar (see Figure 4–6). Because we know the width of our collimated beam is 5
mm, we used this as a reference for a measure bar.
Using both images (90º and 0º) we obtained offsets in X, Y and Z, and recorded these
measurements.
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Section 5:
SARRP Quick Start Guide
in this section
5.1 Power On ................................................................................................. 2
5.2 Warm-up .................................................................................................. 2
5.3 Starting SARRP ....................................................................................... 3
5.4 SARRP Control User Interface ................................................................. 4
5.5 Cone Beam CT Acquisition ...................................................................... 6
5.6 CBCT Reconstruction............................................................................... 10
5.7 View CBCT …………………..................................................................... 11
5.8 Locating the Target .................................................................................. 12
5.9 Image Confirmation................................................................................... 14
5.10 Irradiation Delivery..................................................................................... 16
5.11 BBQA Procedure ....................................................................................... 19
5.12 Power Down SARRP.................................................................................. 20
This quick start guide enables the operator to understand the basic steps involved in
using the SARRP. The guide will focus on powering up, warming up, calibration of
the flat panel, imaging a subject, setup for irradiation, image verification, completing
irradiation, performing a BBQA test and powering down the SARRP.
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5.1 Power On
2. Insert the key into the X-Ray controller—turn the key to the Standby
(Position 2) location.
3. Turn SARRP on by pressing the on switch located on the SARRP frame. This will
power the system electronics and cooling system. The mains light (on the MP1) will
be illuminated.
4. Turn the key on the X-ray controller to High Tension (Position 3).
5.2 Warm-up
Note Ensure the X-Ray bunker door is closed and the safety interlocks enabled.
The X-Ray controller (MP1) will display program 810 or 811 when powered on at the
start of the day. Program 810 is a short run on the MP1. This is used for daily warm-ups
and takes approximately 17.5 minutes. If the MP1 has not been used for a while, then a
811 program is required. The long warm-up takes 72 minutes to complete.
The MP1 will display program 810 when powered on at the start of the day.
Turn the key (MP1) to HT (position 3) and press X-Ray On on the X-Ray control
area of the SARRP control interface. The controlled area light will illuminate and
the X-Ray On light will flash during the exposure. The X-Ray light will illuminate on
the front panel of the MP1.
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Once a warm-up has been run, the SARRP is ready to operate for Imaging and
Irradiation.
1. At the end of the warm-up, the MP1 will default to program 802. If it does not
default to program 802, type Set 802 and Enter.
2. Open the SARRP user interface (desktop shortcut) on the PC. SARRP will now
conduct its homing sequence—ensure the stage’s position mirrors the image on the
screen.
Note SARRP must complete a homing sequence before the user can conduct any
imaging or irradiation protocols.
3. At the end of homing, all coordinates of the platform will automatically move to its
origin location.
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The main interface (see Figure 5–2) performs the following tasks:
• Controls the robotics stages (specimen stage)
• Acquires images for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)
• Initiates CBCT reconstruction
• Accepts coordinates from a SARRP CBCT
• Displays X-Ray images from flat panel and camera box
• Displays video images from the webcam
• Designates the target and delivers radiation and allows control of the X-Ray
delivery parameters
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On-board CBCT imaging is achieved by a 360º rotation of the horizontal animal between
the stationary X-Ray source and the 20 x 20 cm flat panel detector.
CBCT is conducted without the collimator fitted and with the 1 mm of aluminum filter
fitted.
Note The best imaging values are between 50 to 75 kV and below 1.0 mA.
1. Select the Imaging Technique Preset on the X-ray Control Software. Place the
Aluminum filter on the tube head. Pull up the Detector Shield. Rotate the gantry
to 90 degrees. Ensure nothing is in the path from the tube to the detector.
2. Select Detector Calibration from the Detector sub-menu in the main toolbar.
3. A prompt will appear stating the X-Rays must be off for the beginning of the process
(Figure 5-5). This will acquire a dark field image.
4. Then SARRP will alert the operator that the X-Rays will be turned on. Select OK (at
the prompt) to turn X-Rays on for capturing a flood field image.
5. After completing the calibration process, the interface will display a prompt advising
X-Rays will be turned off (Figure 5-6).
Note: Always begin a CBCT with X, Y, and Z at 0 degrees. Using the SARRP
Control Interface Software, the Experiment and Scan names must contain
NO SPACES.
1. Place the specimen on the robotic stage. Ensure the nose of the subject is facing
the operator.
2. If necessary, adjust the position of the specimen to bring the desired target into the
field of view. The lasers on the SARRP system can be used for visual confirmation of
the center of the field of view.
3. Select the Imaging Technique Preset on the X-ray Control Software. Place the
Aluminum filter on the tube head. Pull up the Detector Shield and pull the Panel
housing forward to the hard stop. Rotate the gantry to 90 degrees.
4. Either choose a defined Experiment in the drop down menu or select New Experiment
from the main interface ( Figure 5-7). If a New Experiment is chosen, define the name
in the popup menu (Figure 5–7) and click OK.
Figure 5–7: Creating a New Experiment for Performing New CBCT Scans.
5. Click CBCT Acquisition on the main interface. If the gantry is not at 90º, a prompt will
alert the user that the gantry is moving to 90º.
6. A pop-up window will prompt for a name for the new scan. Click OK to accept the
default name or type the desired name.
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7. A prompt will ask the user if the robotic stage is free to move. This ensures any
cabling is accounted for. Also verifies that the controller is in X-ray control mode (802)
and the key is in High Tension.
8. In the CBCT window, the interface will prompt for the number of 2D projections
(default is 360º; one projection at each degree of rotation), Figure 5–9. The default
couch speed default is 6º per second for a 360 projection scan. The speed can be
slowed down, but it is not recommended to go any higher. Select the reconstruction
protocol from the drop-down menu list (Figure 5–9). Click OK to start the acquisition
Imaging Protocols
Level of Resolution Number of 2D Projections Approximate Dose
Low 360 1.2cGy
Medium 720 2.4cGy
High 1440 4.8cGy
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9. The interface will display a progress bar displaying the image acquisition process
and a completion message at the end of the acquisition (Figure 5–10).
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1. First select the desired Experiment in the drop down menu or choose a New
Experiment. Then select the Cone Beam CT Menu and choose the FastScan
option.
2. The CBCT parameters will look the same, but the number of projections will be set to
199. Be sure to choose the FastScan Reconstruction protocol (MouseCroppedFast).
CBCT reconstruction is performed in parallel with CBCT acquisition. While the progress
bar (see Figure 5–10) displays the image acquisition, the MuriSlice is launched and
performs reconstruction. It uses a FDK algorithm on a Tesla GPU. Many reconstruction
protocols can be made with the different filters and voxel sizes offered.
The MuriSlice Manual (Section 6) presents the steps required to perform CBCT
manipulation.
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If the CBCT MuriSlice window does not launch automatically, View CBCT can be used to
view a CBCT scan in the MuriSlice software.
1. Select the experiment via the drop-down menu in the main interface panel.
2. Click the View CBCT button (Figure 5–13) located in the CBCT acquisition area. If
there is more than one CBCT scan for the current experiment, the software will
prompt to choose the CBCT scan from a drop-down menu (Figure 5–13). It will then
ask which reconstruction protocol is desired for the specific scan chosen.
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When the CBCT reconstruction is complete, the target can be located in the MuriSlice
window (Figure 5–14).
The MuriSlice software is used to evaluate the CBCT, create reconstructions and define
targets or isocenters. The scan should now be displayed on the screen. To display a list
of MuriSlice keyboard short-cuts, under the Help Menu, select Getting Started.
Note For a more complete list of MuriSlice functions, consult the About tab, Getting
Started section.
The coordinates of the target are displayed in the pixel value on the right side
window.
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1. Select Auto in the scan window (right menu) to automatically change the
contrast. Contrast can also be manually changed using the sliding bars for white
and black.
2. Select an isocenter by left clicking in a planar window at the desired target location. Verify
in all 3 planar windows that the target is properly placed. Then select Create from the List of
Reference Points (right menu) to create the Isocenter. Choose a name and click OK.
3. You will need to know which angle you want to irradiate. Measure the distance
from the surface of the specimen along the point of Radiation Entry of the target
by selecting a new target at the surface of the specimen. This can be called “Skin to
Isocenter at Gantry x”. Then select the isocenter and the newly created point at the
surface of the skin by holding down ctrl and left click both names. The distance
between the two will be just above the create button.
1. Select Accept Coordinates in the MuriSlice window (Figure 5–14) to pass on these
coordinates to the SARRP interface (Figure 5–15).
2. Click OK in the main interface (Figure 5–15) to accept coordinates as the new
isocenter goal.
3. Select Move to relocate the target to the beam isocenter (for example, ISO CT will be
equal to ISO goal).
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An open image can be overlaid with an irradiated field of view to provide a record of the
exposure. This type of overlaid image is called a Double Exposure.
1. In the treatment position and with an Imaging setup in place, turn on the X-
rays.
2. On the bottom right panel Choose Capture on the Flat Panel Tab.
7. Open ImageJ and choose File -> Import -> Raw and open the “Open Field” image.
8. In ImageJ again import a raw image and choose the “Collimated Field” image.
9. In ImageJ, Choose Image -> Overlay -> Add Image. You will have one image
selected (either Open or Collimated) and choose the other image in the drop down
box. Change the Opacity to 70% and select OK.
This same process can be completed with the Portal Camera. Pull the Portal Camera out
of its housing in the Gantry with the black finger pull. The Portal Camera offers images
from a Beam’s Eye View.
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Conformal Arc Conformal arc therapy is possible with SARRP. The X and Y
Therapy (Conventional coordinates of the robot are continuously adjusted to keep the target
and Conical) at the isocenter. Radiation from either the Theta or Gantry angles
can be performed by use of the Continuous Arc Motion menu.
Direct Radiation Using Beams, the coordinates of the target are read by the software
(Beams) from the selection using the CBCT image. After selecting the Theta
and Gantry angles for the beam, the user selects Move in the SARRP
Software to setup for an irradiation.
The Delivery sub-menu has a Dose Calculator designed to calculate the exposure time
based on the radiation parameters specified by the user.
These parameters include collimator size, source-to-surface distance (SSD), dose depth
and desired dose (Figure 5–18). After a calculation is complete, Apply Setting enables the
user to send the kV, mA and exposure time to the X-Ray control software.
Figure 5–18: SARRP Dose Calculator
Note: Due to the difficulty of finding a constant depth in an arc, it is recommended to calculate dose for
an arc utilizing MuriPlan.
2. Select a preset or set the parameters on the controller (MP1). Check broad focus,
220 kV, 13.0 mA and enter the exposure time.
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1. Select Dose Calculator from the Delivery sub-menu (the main interface toolbar)
(Figure 5–18).
2. Enter the Collimator, SSD (Source to Skin Distance), Depth (in tissue) and Dose.
3. Choose Calculate.
4. When Apply Setting is chosen, the kV, mA, Broad Focus and Exposure Time are
automatically sent to the X-ray control Software.
5. Ensure the subject has been moved to the chosen Isocenter. Move the Gantry to
the chosen Treatment Direction.
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Note: This is recommended only with the use of MuriPlan due to the its accurate
dose calculations.
3. Select Continuous Arc Motion from the Delivery sub menu (the main interface
toolbar).
4. Enter the Gantry Start and Stop angles for a Conventional Arc Treatment. For a
Conical Arc treatment, verify the Gantry is not at 0 degrees and both Start and Stop
are the same. Change the Couch Start and Stop angles. Choose to either enter the
time or the speed and the other will automatically fill in.
5. When you choose Perform Arc Motion, the Gantry or couch will automatically move
to the Start Location. If the motors are stopped by the user during setup, then the
Arc Motion needs to be exited and started over.
6. When the SARRP software alerts of X-Rays imminent, press OK when ready.
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2. Use the MuriSlice software to zoom in on the BB for the best accuracy. Target the BB in the
on the CBCT and create an Isocenter. Select the Isocenter, Choose Accept Coordinates and
Move the stage in the SARRP Control Interface.
6. The Double Exposure should be saved and dated as part of an ongoing QA process.
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3. Ensure the Detector Shield is Pulled down into its home position.
in this section
6.1 MuriSlice Overview ...................................................................................... 1
6.2 Volume Visualisation: DigiOBS Module ....................................................... 4
6.3 Operator Functions .................................................................................... 11
6.4 Tomographic Reconstruction ..................................................................... 19
6.5 Analysis of Cutting Planes: DigiCUT Plug-In ............................................. 41
6.6 Automation of Reconstruction Tasks: Batch Mode .................................... 49
6 MuriSlice® Manual
6.1 MuriSlice Overview
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Section 6: MuriSlice® Manual Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
6.1.2 Installation
The installation of MuriSlice begins from the execution of the file
MuriSlice_X_XX_X.exe (where X_XX_X corresponds to the installer version tag).
Once the installer has started, follow the installation wizard.
For help with installing or launching the application, contact Xstrahl Technical
Support.
In the event of display issues, this information should be given to the technical
support.
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DigiOBS module corresponds to the main GUI of Digisens’ product. It allows the
visualisation of datasets and provides all necessary links between the visualisation
and product features.
MuriSlice appears in the form of a main window (see Figure 6–2:) made up of a 3D
visualisation area, a menu and a tool bar. The tool bar contains short cuts to the
main functions and parameterisation dialogue boxes.
An advanced user can define his environment and a certain number of other
parameters via the DigiOBS preferences. In order to define parameters, the
preference window must be opened (see Figure 6–3:).
To open preferences:
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The number of threads for computation corresponds to the number of processes that
can be launched in parallel onto the CPU. It depends on the workstation’s architecture
and more specifically, on the total amount of cores in processors. The preferred
memory size for the calculation of a sub-grid corresponds to the maximum memory
which can be allocated for the calculation. This value depends on the amount of
RAM memory available on the computer. It corresponds to the remaining memory once
all of the system processes have been launched.
Note This change in units is not applicable to tomography geometry definition, which will remain in
the international system of units (millimetres).
Using this interface (see Figure 6–9:), the user can change the background colours of
DigiOBS. A plain background colour can be used in both Background Color Up and
Background Colour Down, or gradients of colour can be used.
The user can also change the icon sizes by selecting Icon Size from among the four
available formats.
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The Automatically Dock Window at Startup box allows the analysis window to be
integrated into the main MuriSlice window, as shown in (Figure 6–10: and Figure 6–11:).
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To dock a window:
Double click on the upper bar of the window or drag it to the edge of the main
window.
To undock a window:
Either tick the Automatically Dock Window at Startup box in preferences, or left click
the window banner (while keeping the button pressed) and drag the window to the
middle of the main DigiOBS window.
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Select the Volume Render check box feature (see Figure 6–12:)
Figure 6–12: Graphics Tab
Fragment Shared texture and palette extension, palette texture extension, pixel
Program map, colour table, colour matrix, texture 3D: increasingly slower and
decreasingly powerful display mode.
Force Max Current graphics cards know how to manage 256 or 512, depending
Texture Size to on the type of card
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To load a volume:
Note For optimal navigation in DigiOBS GUI, use a mouse with a roller wheel.
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Figure 6–15: Visualisation of Turbine Blades
Six display modes are available using the menu or button switch mode:
Display Modes
3D Display
3x1 Display
2x2 Display
Side Display
Top Display
Front Display
Switch Modea
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The left mouse button will enable the cutting plane to turn. the right button enables
translation on the plane and the roller wheel allows for perpendicular translation to the
plane. Keyboard keystrokes can also be used and are shown in Figure 6–19:.
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Click on the button. When the button becomes yellow , the mode is
active. Fields will appear at the bottom of the GUI (see Figure 6–21:)
Note: The mode may be unadapted with other mode functionalities of MuriSlice.
In this situation the button will be greyed.
During the alignment process, the former orientation of the volume remains
displayed with dashed lines.
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1. Click the Lock button at the bottom of the GUI to move the volume.
2. Click Lock again to validate the orientation once the orientation has been
fixed.
To fix the origin of the new reference axis:
Locate the origin by navigating the three 2-dimensional views on the left of the
GUI in Figure 6–21: and click the Set button. The origin corresponds to the
intersection of the three planes.
When everything is complete, all measures described in the DigiCUT chapter will be
expressed according to this reference axis set.
The available formats for saving are a proprietary format (*.vol) and two other formats
providing compatibility with third party analysis software (for example, Visilog im6 and
Volume Graphics vgi formats). In order to save the volumes in another configuration,
the user must use the Export Volume menu.
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The menu allows the displayed volume to be exported through modification of some of
the parameters:
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6.4.1 Introduction
DigiR3D commands are accessible from the Tools menu (Tools then 3D
Reconstruction Parameters) or toolbar (see Figure 6–27:). This command opens the
acquisition geometry configuration and reconstruction parameters dialogue box and
launches the reconstruction of the volume.
Figure 6–28: illustrates the DigiR3D GUI docked into the main DigiOBS window.
Each toolbox has at least one tab corresponding to one mandatory group box, as well as
additional features enabled from export mode or license. These tabs provide tools for
specific applications, such as phase contrast tomography, or features helping to
reconstruct datasets (calibration tool). They also provide access to image processing
tools and iterative algorithms.
Note See the X-Ray CT System Compatibility section for how to use DigiR3D with the X-Ray
manufacturer system geometry file.
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Figure 6–30: shows the camera creation window. The user must assign the
camera a name, resolution in pixels and size (in pixels). The camera size fields
will automatically be entered once this information has been provided.
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Specific applications require acquisitions of objects larger than the field of view, so the
system is equipped with a shifted detector, as illustrated in Figure 6–31: and Figure 6–
32:. The mandatory condition to perform a good reconstruction with this acquisition
setup is to maintain an overlapping area between views of at least one third the size of
the detector width.
When the definition is correct, clicking the Create button will return the user to the main
interface screen.
Note Figure 7-51 illustrates a standard geometry where the orthogonal ray from
source to detector hits the detector centre (SOD is the source of the object
distance, SDD the focaldistance and Umax the detector width).
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To perform calibration:
1. Select Choose Input Image from the toolbar shortcut to load the images to
calibrate (Figure 6–35:). All images of a similar name (base name without image
number) will be selected.
Figure 6–35: Image Loading for Geometry Calibration
2. Use the Probe tool to define the size of the probe, the relative position and
number of spots (see Figure 6–36:).
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3. Indicate the dimensions of the spots in the Initial Search Size field by clicking
on the image of a spot to launch the automatic search of its center and radius.
Clicking on an already selected spot deselects it; double clicking deselects all of
the spots.
Note The spots must be selected in order (preferably from the highest to the lowest on
the screen) and never in a disordered manner. The selected spots must be visible
in all of the images and must never be partially hidden or cut off.
In order for the trajectory of the probe spots to be monitored correctly, the initial
speed (in the image plane) of the spots must be low (for example, start the spots
positioned completely on the left or the right of the image). To reach this position,
use the cursor below the image. The initial position of the probe must be defined in
this image.
The probe can be validated by clicking the short cut, Set probe, and by returning the
distance between the centre of the first and last spot of the probe or by clicking on
the button Guess Probe, if a calibrated probe is used.
When calibrated probes from Digisens are used and when beads are clicked, clicking
on Guess Probe will automatically identify the probe and define the distance
between the upper and lower spot.
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Recommendations:
• A standard toolset of two probes; one equipped with 0.4 mm diameter beads
spaced by 1.4 mm and the second, equipped with 2 mm diameter beads
spaced by 5 mm.
• An optional recommendation are calibrated probes accompanied by a
metrology inspection report (see Figure 6–38:). The probe and the report are
unique. The probes have two advantages; the tomography system is linked to
metrology national references and provide a simple tool for system calibration
follow-up. The design is unique and thus, the calibration tool is able to
automatically detect spots and provide the user with the right probe size using
the Guess Probe button. Using these probes provide a calibration repeatability
lesser than 5 μm, whatever the system focal and user settings.
Figure 6–38: Calibrated Probes
4. The Region of Interest section (red and green borders, see Figure 6–39:)
enables the image to be cropped. This is rarely useful, other than when spots get
too close to an image border leading to a tracking failure. The uMin, uMax values
therefore represent the horizontal interval used and vMin, VMax, the vertical
level used. It is also possible to fix the focal distance value in advance to improve
the geometry estimation accuracy.
5. Once the probe has been specified, the Compute button allows the calibration
calculation to be launched. The calculation can fail (red marking on one or several
spots) for the following reasons:
• The initial speed of the spots is too high: the processing must be started on
an image where the spots are completely on the left or on the right of the
field of view.
• The speed is not regular: an image must have jumped or been
processed twice. The calibration sensing procedure must be revisited in such
a way as to have regularly spaced out images.
• A spot collides with the edge, and the automatic search detects a sharp
variation in spot diameter. The parameters uMin, uMax, vMin or vMax must
be used to trim the images, or this spot should not be selected for the
calculation.
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The programme cannot find a solution with less than 3 spots. At least 5 or 6 are
necessary to generate error calculation results. However, 10 or so covering the whole
of the area to be reconstructed would seem to be optimal.
6.4.4 Input
The Input Toolbox aims to describe and to process projections used to achieve a
correct reconstruction.
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Corrections can be made to images. Selecting both the Expert User check box
and the corresponding image will compensate the images from electron noise
offset (see Figure 6–43:).
Use Defect Map eliminates pixels or pixel clusters with an abnormal response
with null or saturating response, whatever signal is received. In a tomography
field application, this correction is mandatory to remove the well-known ring
artifact. The image used for this processing must be binary: white level for
abnormal pixels and black level elsewhere.
Note The projections are displayed as they will be used in the Reconstruction step.
This means the projections background should be dark and the part brighter.
1. Click the “...” button to open a file browser and save the information. Create a
new folder ending with “.xst” in the scan directory.
2. Set File Name, Volume and Save As type: Dicom image
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Figure 6–45: 3D Reconstructed Volume Definition
Note We can intuitively expect that default dimensions proposed by the software have
the resolution of the detector in width and height. Figure 6–46: illustrates the
estimation of the dimensions. In a conical context, the reconstruction will be made in
the cylinder registered in the cone of the beam as defined by the dimensions of the
detector. The reconstruction grid contains this cylinder. The figure shows that in a
general conical case, the cube is narrower here than what it would be if the beam
divergence was weaker because the inscribed circle has a diameter smaller than in a
situation where the beam divergence is weak.
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If an ROI has been defined for reconstruction, select Best, otherwise select Other and
set a voxel size of 0.25 mm.
The resolution of the volume in each of the dimensions is indicated (see Figure 6–
48:), so reconstructed voxels are not necessarily of the same size on the three axis.
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If the subject is well centred with the axis of rotation, enable the cylindrical
constraint.
(Top)
(Bottom)
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Fix the axis of rotation and the value of the angle of rotation.
Figure 6–50: Rotation Grid Definition
6.4.7 Reconstruction
FDK or FBP need the filtering projections by the mean of a ramp filter, defined in the
frequency domain. The main drawback of the ramp filter is that it amplifies noise as it
restores object resolution. In order to reduce noise degradation in reconstructed
volume, an aposidation filter is combined to ramp filter. Its aim is to reduce or
eliminate high frequencies in the image (noise). Unfortunately, high frequencies are
necessary to restore the object resolution. Hence, filtering projections is a balance
between signal to noise ratio and resolution. That is why the reconstruction module
proposes several aposidation filters, each one making its own balance: ramp filter for
high resolution reconstruction, but with lower signal to noise ratio than a combination
of a ramp filter and a Welch filter, which increases signal to noise ratio but reduces
resolution.
The following shows the shape of combined filters in Fourier space. Hence, it can be
seen that the spare filter (ramp filter without aposidation) restores resolution
regardless to signal to noise ratio. The opposite Welch filter, combined with the ramp
filter increases signal to noise ratio, regardless of resolution. Using those aposidation
filters leads the user to accept a trade-off between noise level and resolution.
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Figure 6–51: Reconstruction Filter Comparison
6.4.7.2 Post-Processing
The user can apply to the reconstructed volume 3D post-processing to improve
image quality by selecting Expert User.
Both accessible parameters in expert mode are the maximal thickness of rings to be
deleted (size), and Alpha, which takes into account if rings are complete, constant or
modulated (for example, partial rings). By default, parameter value is 3 for size and
0.2 for Alpha.
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Figure 6–53: Ring Artifact Reduction (Left) Raw Image with Ring Artifacts,
(Right) Filtered Image
Note Ring artifact filter works only if the object is in its natural orientation (vertical axis
by default merged with the axis of rotation). If the orientation is used to rotate the
object after the reconstruction, this filtering is not functional. The user will be
warned by a screen message. If however, the rotation is compulsory, it will be
possible after reconstruction to rotate the object by using the reference axis
modification, as described in section 6.3.3.2.
Figure 6–54: illustrates how the filter works—the left image shows the signal to
process, the middle image shows the kernel shape and the right image shows
the resulting processed signal.
Check the bilateral check box and adjust the two filter parameters (one for
intensity and one for spatial characteristics (see Figure 6–55:).
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Note The above parameters are not absolute values; Sg corresponds to intensity standard
deviation relative to the min-max range of grey levels in the reconstruction. Its max value is
consequently 1. This is the same for Sxyz, but regarding volume resolution.
The implementation of this filter is fast, but the speed is in straight relation with the
parameters’ value.
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Images for Preview (dialogue box) can be used to modify the number of projections
used as well as their resolutions (by default adapted to the size of the low resolution
volume). The limit preventing the use of the projections in full resolution is the
memory used by the cache, which is displayed as memory used.
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It is possible to quickly check the coherence of the entered parameters and adjust the
volume reconstructed on a possible area of interest.
Note The user can manually enter a reconstruction resolution, for example, 32 x 128 x 64. However, as
the reconstructed volume is only destined for 3D display, we recommend the user follow restrictions imposed by
the graphics cards used. The resolutions should be a power of two and for most graphics cards; the 3D
display resolution is limited to 512. Not following these restrictions does not involve an error, but causes re-
sampling (useless) for the display with respect for these restrictions.
Note Volume preview remains displayed even after the closure of the dialogue box. It is possible to
remove it from the display by deselecting the Show Preview box.
Preview by (high resolution) Slice is only available if the ART reconstruction is not
selected in Preferences. Preview by Slice is accessible regardless of the tab displayed
at the bottom of the dialogue box.
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Note The successive slice previews open a new display window each time to
allow comparisons between the different slices/versions.
Note The user can interactively edit the window’s title to a more appropriate comment
(using the modified parameters), for example, by default, the title re-uses the
position of the calculated slice.
Figure 6–60: illustrates two 1024 x 1024 slices calculated with two sub-
collections of different radiographs.
Figure 6–60: Preview of a 1024 x 1024 Pixel Slice: (Left) 36 Radiographs (Right)
180 Radiographs
This illustrates the importance of the number of radiographs used and their resolution
on the quality of previews. The slice on the left has been calculated based on 36
images (reusing the same cache as the precedent volume preview). The slice on the
right has been calculated based on 180 images (one out of two).
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6.4.8.2 Adjust
Although geometric parameters or beam hardening coefficient can be finely adjusted
through previews, in practice, it can be tedious to wait for the end of the calculations of
multiple iterations on a given value. It is also impossible to acquire a sufficiently
accurate preview, particularly because of memory limitation, which prevents the use of
all the full resolution radiographs available in the preview cache.
• Init_value - increment
• Init_value
• Init_value + increment
The resulting slices are displayed in the main window.
Note For the first step, the initial value used corresponds to the one set up in the
geometry definition tab.
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When processing is complete, to inform which new value to take, one has to click on
the radio button corresponding to the best reconstructed slice. The aim is to set the
best image in the centre of the different views and select the Accept Geometry button
to update the geometry dialogue tab.
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The Cutting Plane Analyzer command allows a 2D cutting plane to be visualised and
analysed (see Figure 6–64:).
The Cutting Plane Analyzer icon can be found in the plug-ins’ button bar or
alternatively, Tools -> Cutting Plane Analyzer from the main menu.
6.5.2.1 Resolution
Image size and pixel size are set into the Resolution area. It allows the modification of
pixel dimensions in millimetre and image resolution in pixels.
6.5.2.2 Contrast
Contrast can be set using white/black/gamma buttons. The Volume Contrast button
fixes the image contrast using the 3D volume histogram range.
The user can zoom in on precise rectangles by holding down the shift key, clicking
the left mouse button, then moving and releasing the button.
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6.5.2.4.2 Measures
Right clicking Measure Mode displays a button bar which provides multiple types of
measures (see Figure 6–66), for example, the precision of the pixel.
Note The Measure tool proposes informative measure, however it doesn’t claim to provide a
precise measure as a metrology software. The expected precision will be in relation to
the position of the mouse click and to the resolution of the image.
Note It is possible to refine the position of the selected points (see Figure 6–66:).
6.5.2.4.4 Point
To select a point within an image:
Select a point to measure within an image and left click on a desired pixel
Displayed information:
• X, Y, Z location in measured reference
• Corresponding grey level in the pixel
Figure 6–67: Points Measure
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1. Select angle measure and left click the first point of angle definition
2. Left click to select the second point of angle definition
3. Left click to select the third point of angle definition
Displayed information:
• The angle value between two segments is defined by first/second
points selected and second/third points selected.
Displayed information:
• Circle diameter
• Location of the center in the reference
• Perimeter value
• Disk area delimited by the circle
Displayed information:
• Circle diameter
• Location of the center in the reference
• Perimeter value
• Disk area delimited by the circle
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The <<Back and Next>> buttons make the cutting plane move along the normal
axes (direction) with a moving step equal to Thickness. Views are automatically
recomputed. The Stack As button grabs a set of images from the top of the volume
to its end along the normal axes (direction). The Slice As button grabs only the
current displayed slice.
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As with the other plug-ins in the MuriSlice software suite, the batch mode is
protected by a software key.
MuriSlice offers the user the possibility of carrying out a group of tasks
automatically and without supervision. Batch mode consists of writing a small
command script, which requests the execution of basic tasks, such as
reconstruction, display or even other functions.
Select Windows Script menu . The script window (Figure 6–71) will display.
Note The list of basic menu functions can be obtained by clicking Help in the script
window and then selecting the Go button.
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Section 7: Active DCAM Manual Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Section 7:
Active DCAM Manual
in this section
7.1 Active DCAM Overview ................................................................................ 1
7.2 Driver Setup ……………………………….......................................................... 4
7.3 1394b (FireWire 800) ................................................................................... 11
7.4 Registration ................................................................................................. 19
7.5 User Interface .............................................................................................. 41
7.6 Properties Dialogue Box …………………………............................................. 49
This section demonstrates how to use the Active DCAM software that works with the Portal
Camera. The user is able to adjust multiple camera parameters in real time such as brightness,
aim, shutter, camera, sharpness, view, saturation and white balance.
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7.2.1 Installation
1. Make sure ActiveDcam is installed on your system. Connect your camera to the
1394 (FireWire) port. If no driver was previously installed for the camera, the Found
New Hardware dialog will appear as shown below.
2. Choose not to connect to Windows Update and click Next. On the next dialog
select Install the software automatically. Ignore the warning message that the
driver is not signed up with Microsoft and click Continue Anyway.
3. Click Finish to complete the installation of the DCAM 1394 Camera Driver for the
selected camera. Verify that your camera is now listed in the device manager
as DCAM-compliant 1394 Camera :
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4. If the New Hardware Found dialog didn't appear after you connected your camera,
go to the Start menu -> Programs -> ActiveDcam and select Install Camera Driver.
This should install the driver for all DCAM-compliant cameras connected to your
system. Ignore the warning messages that the driver is not signed up with
Microsoft.
5. As an alternative to the automatic installation, you can install the driver manually.
Right click on My Computer and click Properties. Select the Hardware tab and
click Device Manager. If there is no compatible driver installed, your camera will
appear in the device list as a Generic 1394 Camera with a question or exclamation
mark next to it:
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If the system already has a compatible third party driver installed, the camera will
appear under Imaging Devices with the third party driver's name next to it:
In order for the camera to work properly with ActiveDcam software, its driver must
be changed to DCAM 1394 Camera Driver.
6. Right click on your device and select Properties . Choose the Driver tab and then
click Update Driver .
7. Select either Install from a list or specific location (Windows 2000/Windows XP)
or Browse my computer for driver software (Windows Vista/Windows 7) and
click Next .
8. Select either Don't search, I will choose the driver to install (Windows
2000/Windows XP) or Let me pick from a list of device drivers on my
computer (Windows Vista/Windows 7) and click Next . On the next dialog,
click Have disk.
9. Provide the path to ActiveDcam subfolder containing a camera driver for your
operating system. A typical location would be:
10. From the list of the drivers select DCAM-compliant 1394 Camera and click Next .
Ignore the warning message that the driver is not signed up with Microsoft:
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11. Click Finish to complete the installation of DCAM 1394 Camera Driver for the
selected camera. Verify that your camera is now listed in the device manager
as DCAM-compliant 1394 Camera.
The driver installation is now complete. You might need to restart the system for the
changes to come into effect.
Note - the described procedure must be repeated for each DCAM-compliant camera
that you intend to use with ActiveDcam, regardless of a manufacturer or model.
Note - ActiveDcam supports only those cameras that comply with IIDC 1394-based
Digital Camera Specification. DV camcorders and some other cameras that have
the 1394 (FireWire) physical interface, but are not DCAM-compliant will not be
recognized by ActiveDcam.
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ActiveDcam supports 1394b cameras that can operate at 800 Mbps. In order to run 1394b
cameras at full capacity, you should use a 1394b (FireWire 800) PCI or PCMCIA card and 9-pin to
9-pin 1394b cable.
Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP SP1 support 800 Mbps through a built-in OHCI IEEE-
1394 driver. However, with the release of Windows XP SP2 and SP3 Microsoft introduced a bug
that limited the speed of 1394b devices to 100 Mbps. Microsoft later released a Hotfix 885222 that
provided a partial solution to the problem:
Applying the Hotfix increases the speed of 1394 bus to 400 Mbps, but it still fails to provide 800
Mbps required for 1394b cameras. As a workaround to this issue, you need to "rollback" to 1394
OHCI drivers that come with Windows XP SP1. To perform a rollback, do the following steps:
1. Make sure Microsoft Hotfix KB885222 is not installed. Go to Control Panel, Add or
Remove Programs, select Show Updates, and remove this update if installed.
2. Rename sp2.cab (found in the C:\Windows\Driver Cash\i386 folder) to something like
sp2_old.cab, so Windows will not find it. If you have Service Pack 3 installed, rename
sp3.cab to sp3_old.cab.
3. Unplug your 1394 camera(s). Right click on My Computer and click Properties.
Select the Hardware tab and click Device Manager. Under IEEE 1394 Bus host
controllers locate your 1394b card driver. It will typically be listed as OHCI Compliant
IEEE 1394 Host Controller or Texas Instrument OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host
Controller:
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4. Right click on the device and select Properties . Choose the Driver tab and then
click Update Driver.
5. Select Install from a list or specific location and click Next . Then select Don't
search, I will choose the driver to install and click Next . On the next dialog,
click Have disk.
6. Provide the path to ActiveDcam Driver folder where 1394.inf is located (typically
C:\Program Files\ActiveDcam\Driver).Click OK :
7. From the list of the drivers select OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host Controller and
click Next. Ignore the digital signing warnings and messages about installing the
older version of the driver.
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8. Click Finish to complete the installation. To make sure the "rollback" procedure
worked, go to Device Manager, right click on OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host
Controller, select Properties. Choose the Driver tab and then click Driver Details.
Confirm that 1394bus.sys and ohci1394.sys files have file version 5.1.2600.1106:
9. Rename sp2x.cab back to sp2.cab. If you have Service Pack 3 installed, rename
sp3x.cab back to sp3.cab. Plug in your camera(s). If DCAM-compliant 1394
camera does not appear under Imaging Devices, repeat camera driver installation
according to Driver Setup section. You might need to restart the system for the
changes to come into effect.
Note - you will only need to perform the rollback if you have Windows XP SP2 or SP3 installed on
your system. Windows 2000 and Windows XP SP1 will support 1394b out-of-the-box. For 1394b
support in Windows Vista you will need to install a special driver which can be provided upon
request.
Note - Windows Vista does not natively support 1394b at 800 mbps. However, some third-party
OHCI drivers compatible with ActiveDcam are available. Contact your vendor for more
information.
Note - Windows supports 1394b at 800 mbps out-of-the-box. No additional actions are required to
run ActiveDcam with 1394b cameras on Windows 7, both 32- and 64-bit versions.
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7.4 Registration
The ActiveDcam setup includes the demonstration license that allows you to use the
control in both design and run-time mode for a period of 21 days.
If you wish to continue using the control, you must acquire a design-time license from
your distributor. The design-time license is provided in form of a license
file activedcam.lic that must be saved in the ActiveDcam folder (typically, C:\Program
Files\ActiveDcam) replacing the existing file. In addition, if you need to execute
ActiveDcam based applications outside of your VB development environment, you
should perform a run-time registration. This is done through the following procedure.
When you first start an executable file that was created using ActiveDcam, the
registration dialog box will appear.
The dialog will display a Control ID uniquely generated for your system. Based on this
ID, your distributor will provide your with a Serial Number that will validate a run-time
permission for ActiveDcam. After the proper Serial Number is entered in the dialog and
registration completed, all ActiveDcam based application will become unlocked.
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To start DcamViewer run “DcamViewer.exe” from ActiveDcam working folder. You can
also run it throught the Windows Start Menu: Start -> All Programs -> ActiveDcam ->
Dcam Viewer or by double-clicking on the DcamViewer icon on the desktop. The
following user interface will be displayed:
When DcamViewer is launched for the first time, it will attempt to connect to the first
camera in the DCAM-compliant camera list and start acquiring the live video.
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Toolbar
The most often used commands to operate the viewer are provided through the toolbar
at the upper part of the application window:
Live Video
Switches the camera into the continuous acquisition mode and initiates the live
preview.
One Shot
Initiates an acquisition of one frame.
Save Image
Let’s you save the current frame buffer in an image file. When you click this
button, the Save As dialog box will appear where you can select the file name
and one of the image file formats: BMP, TIF and JPEG.
Open Image
Let’s you open the static image from a file and display the image. When you
click this button, the Open dialog box will appear where you can select the file
name and one of the image file formats: BMP, TIF and JPEG.
Zoom In
Click this button to increase the magnification of the image.
Zoom Out
Click this button to decrease the magnification of the image.
Fit to Screen
Click this button to change the magnification factor of the image so that it fits to
the image window.
Full Screen
Click this button to enter the full screen mode. To exit the full screen mode,
press the Esc key or double-click on the image.
Settings
Click this button to display ActiveDcam Property Pages.
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In addition to the buttons, the toolbar also contains the following contents:
Frame Rate
Show the current frame rate of the camera in frames per second.
Select Camera
Use this option to switch between several connected cameras.
Select Format
Use this option to select the desired pixel format from the list of available
formats.
Status Bar
The Status Bar appears along the lower edge of DcamViewer window and contains the
following information fields in the order from left to right:
Frames acquired
Displays the amount of acquired frames since the last restart of the acquisition.
Frames skipped
Displays the amount of skipped frames since the last restart of the acquisition.
Image Size
Displays the horizontal and vertical size of the video frames.
Cursor Position
Displays the X and Y coordinates of the mouse pointer. The coordinates are
expressed in pixels relative to the top left corner of the image.
Pixel Value
Displays the values of the pixel identified by the mouse pointer. For a
monochrome image, each pixel value will be represented by a single number,
while for an RGB image by a triad of numbers.
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Menu
Right-clicking the video window of DcamViewer will display the context menu with the
following commands:
Acquire Video
Switches the camera into the continuous acquisition mode and initiates live
preview. Equivalent to pressing the Live button.
Settings
Displays ActiveDcam Property Pages.
Save Image
Allows you to save the current frame buffer in an image file.
Open Image
Allows you to open the static image from a file.
Zoom In
Increases the magnification of the image.
Zoom Out
Decreases the magnification of the image.
Fit to Screen
Changes the magnification factor of the image so that it fits to the image
window.
Operation
You can run several instances of DcamViewer at the same time provided each instance
of the viewer is connected to a different camera.
If you want the current parameters of the camera to be memorized, active the Store
camera parameters option from the context menu. DcamViewer will save the
parameters of the camera in the system registry upon exiting and restore it next time
this camera is selected.
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Source Used to select the properties specifying the source for the video input
Format Used to select the properties specifying the format of the video
Exposure Used to select the properties specifying the exposure features of the
video
Color Used to select the properties specifying the color features of the video
Advanced Used to select the properties specifying the advanced features of the
video
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7.6.1 Source
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the source for the video
input.
Camera
Displays the vendor's name and model of the currently selected camera. If you have
more than one camera connected to the 1394 board, you can switch to another
camera by choosing the corresponding camera name in the list. Equivalent to
the Camera property.
Acquire
Allows you to enable the continuous acquisition mode. If this box is checked, the
board will continuously acquire the video into the internal image memory. If the control
is visible, the live video will be displayed in the control window. Equivalent to
the Acquire property.
Asynchronous mode
Allows you to select an acquisition mode. Check this box to set the board to the
asynchronous mode. In this mode the board will continuously transfer pixels into the
host memory, allowing your application to process a captured frame while the
acquisition of the next frame occurs. The asynchronous mode provides the fastest
and most efficient setup for real-time image processing. However, if processing
occurs at a slower rate than pixels are acquired, using this mode may result in the
decomposition of images and loss of data. Clear this check box to set the board to
the synchronous mode. In this mode the acquisition of the next frame will be initiated
upon the capture command. The synchronous mode is slower, but it guarantees the
wholeness of images during real-time processing. Equivalent to the Asynch
property.
Timeout
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Use this option to set the number of seconds to wait for a frame to be acquired.
Typically used to assign the timeout when the Trigger mode is active. If the timeout
expires, the Timeout event event will be raised. Equivalent to the Timeout property.
ISO speed
Allows you to choose the camera's isochronous transmission speed in Mbps/sec.
Possible values are 100, 200, 400 for 1394a cameras and 100, 200, 400, 800 for
1394b cameras. By default the transmission speed is set to the maximum value
available for the current 1394 configuration. Reducing the transmission speed can be
useful in multiple cameras situations in order to limit the bandwidth available to each
camera. Equivalent to the SetIsoSpeed method.
Trigger
Select this check box to set the current camera to the trigger mode. This mode is
typically used with an asynchronously resetable camera. The acquisition of a frame
will occur upon receiving a signal from an external hardware trigger. To set the
camera to the continuous mode, clear the Trigger check box. Equivalent to
the Trigger property.
Trigger Source
Allows you to select the source for the trigger signal. Depending on a camera, there
may be one or more hardware trigger inputs as well as the software trigger. If the
software trigger is available and selected, use the Set button to set and reset the
trigger event. If the camera doesn't suppot trigger source selection as defined by the
DCAM 1.31 specifications, this option will be unavailable. Equivalent to
theTriggerSource property and SoftTrigger method.
Trigger mode
Allows you to select the trigger mode as defined by the DCAM 1.31 specifications. If
several trigger modes are available for the currently selected camera, you can switch
between them by choosing the desired mode from the list. See TriggerMode for more
details.
Trigger polarity
Allows you to change polarity of the trigger input. Equivalent to
the TriggerPolarity property. Choose one of the following options:
High Active - trigger has high active input.
Low Active - trigger has low active input.
Trigger counter
Allows you to select the trigger counter (trigger parameter) as defined by the DCAM
1.31 specifications. Equivalent to the TriggerCounter property. See TriggerMode for
more details on the usage of the trigger counter.
Trigger delay
Allows you to select the raw value for the trigger delay which defines the time
between the arrival of the trigger signal and acquisition of the frame. Equivalent to
the TriggerDelay property.
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7.6.2 Format
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the format and
synchronization options of the video.
Video mode
Use this option to select the desired video mode from the list of modes available for
the current camera. In addition to standard modes defined by the DCAM 1.31
specifications, camera-dependent partial scan modes (Format 7) can be available at
the bottom of the list. Each partial scan mode retains the frame size and packet size
previously selected for it. However, selecting the same partial scan mode twice will
reset its parameters to maximum values, thus providing the highest resolution and
frame rate available for the mode.Equivalent to the Mode property.
Frame rate
Allows you to choose the frame rate available for the currently selected Mode. Select
among the following possible frame rates: 1.875 fps, 3.75 fps, 7.5 fps, 15 fps, 30 fps,
60 fps. If one of the partial scan modes (Format 7) is selected, this option will be
unavailable, as the frame rate will depend on the size of the scan window and Packet
size. Equivalent to the Rate property.
Packet size
Use this option to select the number of bytes in an isochronous packet. This option is
available only for partial scan (Format 7) modes and related but not necessarily
indicative of the effective frame rate. Equivalent to the PacketSize property.
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Partial scan
Allows you to change the size and position of the image window in a partial scan
(Format 7) mode. To modify the size and position of the window, enter the desired
values for the image width, height, left coordinate and top coordinate in pixels.
Equivalent to the SizeX, SizeY, StartX, StartY properties.
16-bit swap
Select this box to change the order of bytes in incoming camera frames. While
outputting 16-bit pixels, some cameras can place the most significan bits of each
pixel in the high-order bytes and the least significant bits in the low-order bytes. If this
happens, the live image will appear scrambled. Checking this box will restore the
original pixel values. Equivalent to the SwapBytes property.
16-bit shift
Select the number of positions for the right bit shift to be applied to 16-bit pixel
values in the image buffer. When displaying and saving 16- and 48-bit
images, ActiveDcam assumes that pixel values are mapped to the entire 16-bit
dynamic range (0-65535). Certain cameras however may output data in narrower
dynamic range resulting in dark images. Selecting a non-zero bit shift will cause
real-time remapping of image data. Equivalent to the BitShift property.
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7.6.3 Exposure
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the display features of the
video.
Brightness
Move the slider to adjust the brightness (black level) of the video. Note that this
option is available only for the cameras that support the software brightness
control.. Equivalent to the Brightness property.
Shutter
Move this slider to adjust the integration time of the incoming light. Note that this
option is available only for the cameras that support the software shutter control.
Equivalent to the Shutter property.
Gain
Move this slider to adjust the camera circuit gain control. Note that this option is
available only for the cameras that support the software gain control. Equivalent to
the Gain property.
Iris
Move this slider to adjust the iris (mechanical apperture) of the camera lens. Note that
this option is available only for the cameras that support the software iris control.
Equivalent to the Iris property.
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Gamma
Move the slider to adjust the gamma level of the video. The gamma correction
modifies an image by applying standard, nonlinear gamma curves to the intensity
scale. To lighten an image and increase the contrast in its darker areas, increase
the gamma by moving the slider to the right. To darken the image and emphasize
the contrast in the lighter areas, decrease in the gamma by moving the slider to the
left. Note that this option is available only for the cameras that support the software
gamma control. Equivalent to the Gamma property.
Sharpness
Move the slider to adjust the sharpness of the video. Note that this option is
available only for the cameras that support the software sharpness control.
Equivalent to the Sharpness property.
Optical Filter
Move the slider to adjust the optical filter of the camera. Depending on the camera
model, it can control the mechanical optical filter or the electronic filter. For Bayer
cameras this feature will typically allow for changing the color pattern of the raw
output data. Note that this option is available only for the cameras that support the
software sharpness control.. Equivalent to the OpticalFilter property.
Each of the sliders has a corresponding check box On located on the left
and Auto located on the right. If an On box is unselected, the corresponding feature will
be disabled. If an Auto box is enabled, the camera supports an automatic mode for the
corresponding feature. Checking the box will put the camera to the continuous
automatic control of the feature, unchecking it will restore the manual control.
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7.6.4 Color
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the format and
synchronization options of the video.
Saturation
Move the slider to adjust the color saturation of the video. Note that this option is
available only for the cameras that support the software saturation control..
Equivalent to the Saturation property.
Hue
Move the slider to adjust the color phase the video. Note that this option is available
only for the cameras that support the software hue control.. Equivalent to
the Hue property.
Both sliders have a corresponding check box On located on the left and Auto located on
the right. If an On box is unselected, the corresponding feature will be disabled. If
an Auto box is enabled, the camera supports an automatic mode for the corresponding
feature. Checking the box will put the camera to the continuous automatic control of the
feature, unchecking it will restore the manual control.
White balance
Move the U/B slider to adjust the tint of the white color along the yellow-blue axis.
Move the V/Rslider to adjust the tint of the white color along the cyan-red axis.
Select the Auto box to put the camera to the continuous automatic control of the
white balance. Click the One Push button to have the camera adjust the white
balance level by itself and return to the manual mode. Equivalent to the
WhiteBalanceUB, WhiteBalanceVR and WhiteBalanceControl properties.
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Bayer conversion
Select this option to activate the real-time color conversion of a grayscale video
generated by a Bayer camera. The Bayer list lets you select the specific Bayer
conversion algorithm. The CCD layout of the camera can be selected from
the Layout list. Both options are available only for monochrome video modes.
See Bayer and BayerLayout for more information.
Gains (R, G , B , Y)
Allows you to adjust the gain factors for individual color channels or the intensity
factor for a monochrome video. Equivalent to the SetGains property.
Palette
Allows you to select one of a few predefined palettes to be applied to a grayscale
live video. The palettes represent choices that may be useful in viewing different
kinds of video in pseudo-colors. Choose among the following palettes:
Gray
Applies the standard 256-level grayscale palette. This is a regular mode of
viewing a grayscale video.
Inverse
Applies the inverted 256-level grayscale palette. The video will be displayed in
the negative format.
Saturated
Applies the grayscale palette with colorized upper entries. The saturated palette
allows you to control the dynamic range of the video signal by bringing it slightly
below the saturation level of the video camera or video amplifier. To achieve the
maximum dynamic range, adjust the intensity of the light source and/or the gain
and zero level of the video amplifier so that the red color corresponding to the
brightest pixel values just barely shows up.
Rainbow
Applies a color palette where the entries are evenly distributed along the Hue
axis. This allows for assigning different color pigments to different levels of
intensity.
Spectra
Applies a color palette where the entries are distributed along the Hue and
Luminance axes. That allows for assigning different color pigments to different
levels of intensity while preserving the luminance scale.
Isodense
Applies the 256-level grayscale palette, each 8-th entry of which is colorized.
The isodense palette allows you to clearly see transitions between different
levels of intensities as isolines on a topographic map.
Multiphase
Applies the multiphase palette. Entries in the multiphase palette are at opposite
ends of the color model so even small changes in gray levels are highlighted.
Random
Applies the random color palette whose entries are filled with random values
each time you select it from the list.
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7.6.5 Advanced
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the format and
synchronization options of the video
Pan
Move the slider to adjust the pan of the camera. Depending on the camera model, it
can control the mechanical pan by physically moving the camera in the horizontal
plane or the electronic pan by choosing the horizontal position of the effective image
area on a CCD sensor. Note that this option is available only for the cameras that
support the software focus control.. Equivalent to the Pan property.
Tilt
Move the slider to adjust the tilt of the camera. Depending on the camera model, it
can control the mechanical tilt by physically moving the camera in the vertical plane
or the electronic tilt by choosing the veritcal position of the effective image area on a
CCD sensor. Note that this option is available only for the cameras that support the
software focus control.. Equivalent to the Tilt property.
Focus
Move the slider to adjust the camera lens to the subject distance. Note that this
option is available only for the cameras that support the software focus control..
Equivalent to the Focus property.
Zoom
Move the slider to adjust the optical zoom of the camera lens. Note that this option
is available only for the cameras that support the software zoom control.. Equivalent
to the Zoom property.
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Each of the sliders has a corresponding check box On located on the left and Auto located
on the right. If an On box is unselected, the corresponding feature will be disabled. If
an Auto box is enabled, the camera supports an automatic mode for the corresponding
feature. Checking the box will put the camera to the continuous automatic control of the
feature, unchecking it will restore the manual control.
Register
Allows you to perform asynronous reads and writes to a selected register in the
camera 1394 address space. To perform the read operation, enter the desired
hexadecimal offset to the Offset filed and click the Read button. The offset should
be given relative to the 1394 base address FFFF:00000000 h. The result will be
displayed in the Hex Value box. To perform the write operation, enter a desired
offset and 32-bit hexadecimal value to the Offset and Hex Value fields
respectively, and then press the Write button. Use the Refresh button to
synchronize ActiveDcam properties with possible changes in the camera settings
that might have occured after changing the values of 1394 registers. Equivalent to
the ReadRegister, WriteRegister and LoadChannel methods.
Memory channel
Select the internal EEPROM channel for loading or storing camera settings. Use
the Save button to write the current setting to the internal camera memory. Use
the Load button to load the settings from the internal memory. Channel 0
corresponds to the default factory settings and cannot be overwritten. Equivalent to
the LoadChannel and SaveChannel methods.
Save image
Allows you to save the current frame buffer in an image file. When you click this
button, the Save As dialog box will appear where you can select the file name and
one of the image file formats: BMP, TIF and JPEG. Note that BMP and TIF files will
be recorded with no compression while JPEG files will be recorded with quality 75.
Equivalent to the SaveImage method.
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7.6.6 Display
This property page is used to select the properties specifying the display settings
of ActiveDcam.
Display
Allows you to enable or disable live display in the control window. You might want to
disable the display option if you want to render captured frames by other means
such as Picture box. When using DirectShow Video Capture Filter, setting this
property to TRUE will activate the internal RGB24 conversion which is required by
image data access and image analysis methods. Equivalent to the
Display property.
Anti-tearing
Allows you to enable or disable the anti-tearing feature. Anti-tearing removes
horizontal tears in the live video caused by a difference between the camera frame
rate and refresh rate of the monitor. Equivalent to the AntiTearing property.
Monitor Sync
Allows you to enable or disable the monitor synchronization mode. If this box is
checked, the camera frame rate will exactly match the refresh rate of the system
monitor thus eliminating all the display artifacts related to the digital image transfer.
Equivalent to the MonitorSync property.
Scroll bars
Allows you to enable or disable the scroll bars in the control window. If this box is
checked and the video width or/and height exceed the size of the control window,
the scroll bar(s) will be displayed on the border of the control window allowing you
to pan the live video. Equivalent to the ScrollBars property.
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Digital zoom
Allows you to adjust the magnification of the live video display. This option doesn't
change the content of the image data, but only its appearance in the control
window. If it is set to zero, the image will be fit to the size of the control window. In
this case the display might not retain the original proportions of the video frame.
Equivalent to the Magnification property. Note - if the Display option is unchecked
and Digital zoom is set to zero, ActiveDcam will enter a raw image transfer mode
with the minimal CPU usage.
Flip
Allows you to select one of the flipping modes. Flipping affects the live video display
as well as actual order of pixels in the frame buffer. Select among the following
modes:
Off
No image flipping is performed.
Horizontal
The image is flipped horizontally.
Vertical
The image is flipped vertically.
Diagonal
The image is flipped horizontally and vertically.
Rotate
Allows you to rotate the image. Rotation affects the live video display as well as
actual order of pixels in the frame buffer. Select one of the following modes:
Off
No image rotation is performed.
90°
The image is rotated counterclockwise.
180°
The image is rotated 180 degrees.
270°
The image is rotated clockwise.
Integrate Mode
Allows you to select the frame integration operation mode. The frame integration
allows you to average or add frames "on the fly" without sacrificing the frame rate.
Equivalent to the Integrate property. Select one of the following modes:
None
Frame integration is disabled.
Average
Running Average mode. Each output frame is the result of averaging a selected
number of previously captured frames.
Add
Running Accumulation mode. Each output frame is the sum of a selected
number of previously captured frames.
Integrate Window (N)
Sets the number of frames for the integration. Equivalent to
the IntegrateWnd property.
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Hot Pixel Level (%)
Sets the hot pixel correction level, in percent. Equivalent to
the HotPixelLevel property.
Background name
Let’s you enter the name prefix under which the background files are stored.
See BkgName for more details.
Save Dark
Click this button to store a dark field background image on the hard drive. Dark field
should be saved when no light transmitted through the camera lens. The dark field
will be calculated by averaging the number of consecutive frames specified by
the Frames option. Equivalent to the SaveBkg method.
Save Bright
Click this button to store a bright field background image on the hard drive. Bright
field should be saved with the maximum light transmitted and no objects in the field
of view. To achieve the best dynamic range, the light intensity should be adjusted
so that it stays just below the saturation level of the camera. To control the
saturation for monochrome cameras, use the Saturated Palette. The bright field will
be calculated by averaging the number of consecutive frames specified by
the Frames option.
Correct background
Allows you to select a background correction mode. Select None if you do not want
the background correction to be performed. Select Dark/Offset to apply the dark-
field background correction to each frame captured. Select Flat/Gain to apply the
flat-field background correction to each frame captured. Make sure to save the
bright and dark fields before using this option, otherwise certain background
correction modes will not be available. For more details on background correction
refer to BkgCorrect.
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Xstrahl SARRP Operator Manual
Appendix A:
Notes
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