Any substantive modification to some part

Definition of the organization (e.g., work schedules,

machinery, employees).

External Forces
The Nature of Organization
Forces for Change
Change Internal Forces

Planned change
Type of Change
Reactive change

Unfreezing

The Lewin Model Implementing change

Steps in the Change Process Refreezing

A comprehensive approach in Change - 7

steps

Uncertainty about the extent and effects of

change

Managing change in Threats to self-interests, power, and

Organization - managers need influence
Understanding Resistance to Change
to understand the steps of Different perceptions of change effects and
effective change and how to outcomes
counter employee resistance
Feelings of loss in disrupted social
to change. networks, power, security, and familiarity
with existing procedures

Encourage active participation in the

change process

Provide education and communication

Overcoming Resistance to Change about the change process

Facilitate the change process

Organization Change Use force-field analysis

and Innovation
Organization Structure and Design

Technology and Operations

People

Areas of Organization Change Changing Business Processes

OD Assumptions

Diagnostic activities

Organization Development (OD) Team building

Survey feedback

OD Techniques Third-party peacemaking

Process consultation

Life and career planning

Coaching and counseling

The Innovation Process

Radical innovation

Incremental innovation

Forms of Innovation
Product innovation
Technical innovation
Process innovation

Organizational Innovation Managerial innovation

Lack of resources

The Failure to Innovate Failure to recognize opportunities

Resistance to change

The Reward System

Promoting Innovation in Organizations Organization Culture

Intrapreneurship in Larger Organizations