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Q.1 An orifice is to be used to drain a swimming pool as illustrated in Figure. The pool is 12 m long, 6 m wide and 2.5 m deep. A commercially available
drainage outlet (i.e. orifice) that is being considered for use has a discharge coefficient of 0.7. The diameter of the orifice that is required to drain the pool
completely in two hours is ……………..

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Q.2 Two compartments of a pressurized tank are connected by a submerged 50-mm-diameter orifice as shown in Figure. In the source reservoir, the air
pressure is 500 kPa and the depth of water above the centroid of the orifice is 1.7 m. In the discharge reservoir, the depth of water is 2.3 m. The tank
contains inflow and outflow ports to maintain steady-state conditions in the two compartments, and the temperature of the water is 20◦C. The discharge
coefficient of the orifice is 0.87. Then the air pressure that must be maintained in the discharge reservoir so that the volume flow rate through the tank is
10 L/s…………………..

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Q.3 Consider a branching pipeline in the horizontal plane as shown in Figure .Where a 500 mm diameter pipe branches into three separate pipes with
diameters of 100 mm, 250 mm, and 150 mm. The upstream pipe is designated as Pipe A, and the three branch pipes are designated as Pipes B, C, and D.
When the flow rate of water through Pipe A is 450 L/s, the pressure in Pipe A is 350 kPa, the average velocity in Pipe C is 3 m/s, and the pressure in Pipe D is
250 kPa.

(a) The volume flow rate in each of the three branch pipes B,C,D is 50 , 147 , 237

(b) The expected pressure in Pipes B is 333 KPa

(c) The expected pressure in Pipes C is 348 KPa

(d) Velocities in each three pipes b, c, d pipe is 3 , 5 ,7 m/s

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Q.4 a cylindrical cistern shown in Figure is 3 m high and 2 m in diameter. Water is released via a 10 mm diameter circular orifice in the bottom of the
cylinder, and it is known that the exit velocity v through the orifice is given by the relationship v = √ where h is the height of the water above the
orifice. Determine how long a full cistern will take to empty.

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A small water pump has a 50-cm-diameter rotor where water enters the pump at a radial distance of 5 cm from the center of the rotor and exits the rotor
at a distance of 25 cm from the centre of the rotor. The width of the rotor is 20 cm, and when the rotor spins at 240 rpm, the pump delivers 100 L/s.
Estimate the pressure difference between the inflow and outflow. For this preliminary analysis, neglect the thickness of the blades in the rotor and assume
that the water is at 20◦C.

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