The Y.W.C.A.

Hioe Tjo Yoeng College

S.4 Biology HKDSE MC Exercise Ch.6 Nutrition in humans
Name: Class: S.4 ( ) Marks:

Directions : Questions 1 to 3 refer to the diagram below which shows some internal structures of the
human body :

1. Which region(s) is / are lined with mucus ?

A. 1 only B. 1 and 3 only C. 2, 3 and 4 only D.1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

2. Which region absorbs most water from its contents ?

A. region 2 B. region 3 C. region 4 D. region 5

3. The juice collected from duct X is boiled and then added to the following test tubes :
Tube 1 - containing water with a few drops of peanut oil
Tube 2 - containing water with small cubes of egg white
Tube 3 - containing water with a few grains of rice
Which tube, on shaking, will form an emulsion which will persist when left to stand ?
A. Tube 1 B. Tube 2 C. Tube 3 D. None of the above tubes

4. Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat because it contains

A. enzymes. B. vitamins. C. bile salts. D. bile pigments.

5. Bacteria play a part in tooth decay by

A. neutralizing the acidity of the saliva.

B. causing a foul smell in the mouth cavity.

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 C. dissolving the enamel of the tooth.
D. converting the food trapped between the teeth into acid.
6. Which of the following products of digestion is absorbed into the lacteal of the villus ?
A. glucose B. glycogen C. fat D. amino acids

Directions : Questions 7 and 8 refer to the following experiment. Four filter paper discs (I to IV)
soaked with different solutions were put onto the surface of a starch agar plate as shown below :

7. After incubation at 25℃ for one hour, the paper discs were removed and the starch agar plate was
flooded with iodine solution. Which of the following shows the probable result?

8. When the starch agar plate was re-examined a few minutes later, the brown region(s) disappeared
and the whole plate became blue black. The likely reason for this is that

A. sugar molecules in the brown region(s) combined to form starch.

B. starch diffused into the brown region(s) from the surroundings.
C. exposure to air changed the brown region(s) to blue black.
D. iodine combined with the starch lower down in the brown region(s).

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Directions : Questions 9 and 10 refer to the dental chart of an adult as shown below :

upper jaw Key :

filled teeth
lower jaw decayed teeth
missing teeth

9. The teeth labeled 3 in the dental chart are

A. incisors. B. canines. C. premolars D. molars.

10. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn by referring only to the dental chart shown on
the opposite page ?

A. Rear teeth have thinner enamel.

B. Frontal teeth are more resistant to decay.
C. Most of the tooth decay occurs in the rear part of the tooth set.
D. Tooth decay occurs randomly in different parts of the tooth set.

Directions : Questions 11 and 12 refer to the diagram below which shows a vertical section of a
human tooth in the jaw :

11. Which structures contain a large amount

of calcium salts ?
A. 1, 2 and 3 only. B. 1, 3 and
4 only.
C. 1, 3 and 5 only. D. 2, 4 and 5 only.

12. Which of the following structures has a rich supply of nerve endings ?
A. 1. B .3. C. 4. D. 5.

13. In an operation, a large part of the colon of a person was removed. As a result, the person could not

A. take in solid food. B. produce sufficient digestive enzymes.

C. absorb amino acids efficiently. D. produce solid faeces.

14. When bile juice is added to a sample of oil containing a few drops of universal indicator solution,
the colour change indicates an increase in pH. The pH increases because

A. bile juice contains bile pigments. B. bile juice contains alkaline salts.
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 C. bile juice emulsifies the oil. D. bile juice breaks down the oil into fatty acids.

15. Which of the following correctly describes the difference between the composition of blood in the
hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein of a man after fasting for 12 hours ?

Blood in the hepatic portal vein Blood in the hepatic vein

(1) less urea more urea

(2) more glucose less glucose

(3) without bile with bile

A. (1) only. B. (2) only. C. (1) and (2) only. D. (2) and (3) only.

16. The diagram below shows a set-up to study the effect of amylase on starch. After 3 hours, water in
the beaker was heated with Benedict’s solution and a red precipitate appeared.

Which of the following can be deduced from the above experiment ?

A. Glucose was formed from the digestion of starch.

B. Starch could not pass through the dialysis tubing.
C. The dialysis tubing allowed reducing sugar to pass through.
D. The water potential of the solution in the dialysis tubing increased.
Directions : Questions 17 to 19 refer the diagram below which shows a section through a villus :

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17. Which of the following are the functions of structure P ?
(1) It transports fat away.
(2)It transports glucose and amino acids away.
(3)It transports oxygen to the cells.

A. (1) and (2) only. B. (1) and (3) only. C. (2) and (3) only. D. (1), (2) and (3).

18. Structure P receives blood from

A. the aorta. B. the lymph vessel. C. the hepatic artery. D. the hepatic portal vein.

19. The fluid in Q

A. contains antibodies. B. is milky during fasting.
C. is rich in glucose after a meal. D. contains a large amount of oxygen.

20. The diagrams below show two types of teeth of an adult man. Which of the following statements
about the teeth is INCORRECT ?

A. The surface material of region M prevents the teeth from decay.

B. Plaque is usually formed on the surface of region N.
C. Tooth X is used for cutting food while tooth Y is for grinding food.
D. Tooth X is located at the front of the jaw while tooth Y is located at the back.

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Directions : Questions 21 to 23 refer to the diagram below which shows the human digestive system :

21. Digestive juices 1, 2 and 3 were collected from structures 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Small drops of
these juices were put on a strip of film which was coated with protein as shown in the diagram
below :

The protein coat will be digested by the digestive juices

A.1 and 2 only. B. 1 and 3 only. C. 2 and 3 only. D. 1,2 and 3.

22. If the digestive juices in question 11 were mixed with a buffer solution of pH 2 before putting
them on the film, then the protein coat
A. would be digested at a slower rate by juice 1.
B. would be digested by juice 2 only.
C. would be digested at a faster rate by juice 3.
D. would not be digested at all.

23. Mechanical digestion occurs in structures

A. 1 and 2 only. B. 1 and 3 only. C. 2 and 3 only. D. 1, 2 and 3.

24. The stomach wall produces mucus to cover its surface. Which of the following statements
correctly describe(s) the function of the mucus ?
(1) It kills the bacteria in the ingested food.

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 (2) It prevents the rubbing of food against the stomach wall.
(3) It protects the stomach wall from the action of the digestive enzymes.
A. (1) only. B. (3) only. C. (1) and (2) only. D. (2) and (3) only.
25. Which of the following is most effective in preventing tooth decay ?
A. using a toothbrush with a large head.
B. Brushing the teeth after meals.
C. Brushing the teeth harder.
D. Avoiding sugary food.

26. Which of the following statements about the function of the different ingredients of a toothpaste is
correct ?
(1) It contains calcium compounds for the growth of the teeth.
(2) It contains fluoride compounds for protecting the teeth from decay.
(3) It contains grinding particles for removing plaque on the tooth surface.
A. (1) and (2) only. B. (1) and (3) only.
C. (2) and (3) only. D. (1), (2) and (3).

Directions : Questions 27 and 28 refer to the diagram below, which shows the transverse section of an
intestinal villus :

27. The main food substance absorbed into structure 1 is

A. fatty acids. B. vitamins C. glucose. D. fat.

28. Food substances absorbed into structure 2 will be first transported to

A. the liver. B. the heart. C. the kidneys. D. the pancreas.

29. In order to have healthy growth of teeth, the diet of young children should contain sufficient
amounts of
(1) calcium. (2) iron. (3) vitamin D.
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

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C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

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30 . In the liver, excess amino acids will be converted into
(1) urea. (2) protein. (3) carbohydrate.
A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

31. A person has not taken any food for 24 hours. Which of the following components of the blood
increases in concentration after passing through the intestinal villus of the person ?
A. urea B. insulin C. glucose D. carbon dioxide

Directions: Questions 32 to 33 refer to the graph below, which shows the digestion of three types of
food substances, X, Y and Z, along the alimentary canal:

32. Which food substance(s) is/are digested in the stomach?

A. X only B. Y only
C. X and Y only D. X, Y and Z

33. What are food substances X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A. starch protein fat
B. starch fat protein
C. protein fat starch
D. protein starch fat

34. In the alimentary canal, most water is absorbed in the

A. oesophagus B. stomach. C. small intestine. D. colon.

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35. In the alimentary canal, bacteria in food are mainly killed by

A. saliva. B. mucus. C. gastric juice. D. pancreatic juice.

36. The absorption of water in the small intestine is facilitated by

(1) the presence of numerous capillaries.
(2) the absorption of digested food.
(3) The folding of the inner lining.

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

37. The graph below shows the changes in pH of the plaque on the tooth surface of a child:

The change in pH from 12:00 to 12:30 hour is most probably caused by

A. the destruction of the enamel by bacteria.
B. the bacteria reacting with the food debris.
C. the release of saliva into the mouth cavity.
D. the breakdown of the food debris by bacteria.

38. Which of the following are excretory wastes produced by the liver?
(1) urea (2)bile salts (3)carbon dioxide

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

39. Which of the following is not a normal component of the faeces of a healthy person ?
A. urea B. cells C. bacteria D. bile pigments

40. The liver is regarded as a digestive gland because it

A. converts stored glycogen into glucose. B. breaks down excess amino acids.
C. produces bile. D. stores iron.
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Directions : Questions 41 to 42 refer to the graph below, which shows the changes in pH of the dental
plaque of a person after he has eaten some candies :

41. Calcium salts are lost from the enamel as a result of their reaction with
A. acid. B. sugar. C. bacteria. D. salivary amylase.

42. Which of the following statements about the critical pH is correct ?

A. It is the pH of the candies.

B. It is the normal pH of the dental plaque.
C. It is the optimum pH for tooth decay to occur.
D. It is the pH below which tooth decay may occur.

43. According to the graph, which of the following can help to prevent tooth decay ?
(1) reducing the frequency of eating sugary food
(2) adding fluoride to drinking water
(3) brushing our teeth after eating
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

44. Which of the following food substances is/are absorbed directly without digestion ?
(1) vitamin C (2) sucrose (3) polypeptide
A. (1) only B. (2) only C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

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45. Which of the following comparisons between the milk dentition and the permanent dentition of
humans is/are correct ?
Milk dentition Permanent dentition

(1) fewer molars more molars

(2) no canines with canines

(3) serves babies whose main diet is milk serves adults whose main diet is solid food

A. (1) only B. (3) only C. (1) and (2) only D. (2) and (3) only

46. The photomicrograph below shows part of a human organ :

The function of structure X is to

A. detect light on the retina. B. move the ovum along the oviduct.
C. reabsorb glucose in the kidney tubule. D. absorb digested food in the alimentary canal.

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Directions : Questions 47 and 48 refer to the diagram below, which shows the human digestive system
:

47. Protein digestion occurs mainly in

A. 1 and 3. B. 2 and 3. C. 2 and 5. D. 3 and 5.

48. Most mineral salts are absorbed in

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
49. Most of the fat absorbed in the small intestine is first transported to the
A. liver. B. heart. C. pancreas. D. large intestine.

50. Frequent intake of candies causes tooth decay because

(1) they are rich in sugar.
(2) they have a high energy value.
(3)They leave traces on the tooth surface.
A.(1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

51. Which of the following correctly describes the emulsification of oil by bile ?
A. It produces fatty acids. B. Its rate is highest at 37℃
C. It occurs in the gall bladder. D. It increases the surface area of the oil.

52.

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53.

54.

55.

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56.

57.

58.

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Directions : Questions 59 and 60 refer to the diagram below, which shows the alimentary canal and its
associated structures

59. Which structures are responsible for producing secretions that help the digestion of fat ?
A.1 and 3 only B. 1 and 5 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 4 and 5 only

60. Which of the following operations may help an obese person to control body weight ?
(1) decrease the volume of 1 (2) decrease the length of 2 (3) decrease the length of 3
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

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61.

62.

63.

64.

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66.

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68.

69.

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71.

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72.

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73.

74.

75.

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