Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Goat Keeping For Women: A Short Introduction
Goat Keeping For Women: A Short Introduction
Goat Keeping
for women
A short Introduction
Servi Nabuurs
Short Term Expert Small Ruminants
Dr. Ibrar ul Hussain
Local Expert Small Ruminants
Goat keeping
Introduction
Everybody knows
goats; they are:
• small animals
• easy to keep
• poor woman's milk
cow
• ......
1
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Some Questions
• Why do women want to keep the goats; what
benefits do they expect?
• Who has any goats, or kept them before?
• Where do you keep goats?
• What would you feed to goats?
• Who would take care of the goats?
2
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Expectations
• What would you like to learn in this training?
3
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Goat Health
• Goat Training for women
• Servi Nabuurs
• Short Term Expert Small Ruminants
• Dr. Ibrar Hussain
• Local Expert Small Ruminants
4
Goat keeping
Overview of Diseases
• Restocking diseases: death in
non-local goats
• Coughing/pneumonia, CCP
• Diarrhoea
• Eye infection
• Tympany
• Kangoo virus (spread by ticks)
• Foot and Mouth Disease
• Enterotoxaemia
SLSP: European Commission, ALA ProgrammeEuropeAid/114465/C/SV/PK
Goat keeping
5
Goat keeping
Coughing/pneumonia, CCP
• Cough with fever:
– infection: bacteria / virus
• Cough without fever:
– no infection, irritation/allergy
– irritation: parasites/longworms, particles
Goat keeping
6
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Diarrhoea
• Thin /loose/watery defaecation
• Causes:
– infections, protozoas
– worms, lush green feed
• Treatment:
– Worms: deworm
– Infection: antibiotics
– Protozoa: sulphonamides
– General rehydration solution
(4 table spoons sugar, ½ teaspoon
salt in 1 Liter clean water)
• Prevention:
– clean shed, feeding and water
– avoid overfeeding lush green feed
7
Goat keeping
Eye infection
• Causes:
– bacteria
– worms
– wounds
– particles
• Symtoms
– whitening of inner eye
– watery eye
– red eye
• Treatment:
– Cold water (clean/destilled)
– Boric water
– Eye ointment
– In case of worm: remove
the worm (scoop it out with finger)
Goat keeping
Tympany / Bloat
• Symptoms/identification:
– bulging stomach (rumen)
– distress
– kicking on belly
– lying down
• Note: some are with foam
others without!
• Causes
– overeating grains, bread, flour: without foam
– green plants (lucerne, clover, berseem), with foam
• Treatment
– mild case: stand over the goat; lift under brisket and squeeze with elbows on
the side of the goat to make it belch
– non-foamy: insert stomach tube (5 foot long ½" Ø hose pipe)
– vegetable oils
– Baking soda
– drugs: medioral, bloatryliquid, tempcure
– Emergency: trocar!!
SLSP: European Commission, ALA ProgrammeEuropeAid/114465/C/SV/PK
8
Goat keeping
Kangoo virus
• Cause:
– virus transmitted by ticks
• Symptoms:
– fever, ...
• Treatment:
• Prevention:
– remove ticks
– use forceps or gloves for removing ticks
– tick control (wash with acaricides;: e.g. Neguvon)
Goat keeping
9
Goat keeping
Enterotoxeamia
• Bacterial Disease
• Sudden death of mostly healthy animals
• Yellow diarrhoea in kids/lambs
• Post-mortem symptoms:
– pulpey kidney, red speckles in intestines, water
in heart sack
• Treatment:
– sulphydrugs: sulphadimidine, tribersin, trisolizine,
kaolin powder
• Control by vaccination: ET Vaccine
Goat keeping
Goat
Pregnancy,
Birth and Kids
Servi Nabuurs
Short Term Expert Small Ruminants
Dr. Ibrar Hussain
Local Expert Small Ruminants
10
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
11
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Birth Assistance
• With normal position (two front feet and head in between) there is no
need for assistance, unless the doe is weak/small and the kid is large,
e.g. in a first-kidder
• In case of malpresentation that needs assistance ensure cleanliness
(water with some Dettol), soap to wash back of the goat, hands and as
libricant; have two ropes (10mm Ø) with a noose
• Backward position: hindlegs first occurs in twin and triplets; ensure fast
delivery after the hindlegs are out; the pelvis of the kid hold the kid
• Head or frontlegs turned backwards: push kidn inward and put noose
around trotters to pull them in the right position
• Breech: backwards with folded legs: push kid inwards and try with a
noose to pull the legs in the brith canal/alternative is to try a full turn
• Ask the village midwife for assistance: she usually has much
experience with birth assistance and diffult positions
Note on prevention: avoid using a large buck on doelings; use a buck
from which you expect smaller kids!
12
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Kid Management
• Separate kid and doe from other
animals for 4-7 days
• Keep kid with the mother full time in the
first four days to drink much and
frequently colostrum
• Offer clean water from the beginning
• Offer some good feed and fodder from
1-2 weeks onwards
• Let kids take milk until 3 - 4 months old
• Vaccinate for Enterotoxaemia at 1
month
• Deworm from 2 months onwards if
worm infestation is obvious
13
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Internal and
External
Parasites in
Goats
Goat Training for
women
Servi Nabuurs
Short Term Expert Small Ruminants
Dr. Ibrar Hussain
Local Expert Small Ruminants
14
Goat keeping
Roundworms
• Internal parasites
pierce the wall, suck
blood and produce
eggs
• They cause
diarrhoea, anaemia,
weakness
• Especially kids are
vulnerable
• Symptoms: rough dull hair coat, thick stomach, arched back, weakness, cough
(lungworms), diarrhoea, aneamia, ...
• Diagnosis through checking dung samples under a microscope
• Control by deworming (note: drench correctly in order not to drown the animal!)
• Use of clean swards and stallfeeding hay reduced infestation
SLSP: European Commission, ALA ProgrammeEuropeAid/114465/C/SV/PK
Goat keeping
Liver Fluke
• The life cycle of the
liverfluke passes through
the animal and snails; it
therefore occurs always
near wet places
• The Fluke damages the
intestines and the liver
and produces eggs that
pass with the faeces
• The next cycle is in snails,
after which they can infest
grazing animals again
15
Goat keeping
Tapeworm I
Goat keeping
Tapeworm II
16
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
External Parasites
• Common external parasites are ticks, fleas, maggots, nasal
bot, mites, scab and lice
17
Goat keeping
External Parasites II
• Symptoms: engorged ticks on the skin,
itching, rough haircoat, loss of hair and skinn,
mangy skin, ...
• Control by clean housing, removal by hands,
• washing with accaricides (insecticides), e.g.
neguvon, ecofleas, Ivermectin (injectable), ...
Goat keeping
Goat
Management
18
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Goat Feeding
• Goats are browsers and grass
eaters; they eat:
• Fodder: tree leaves, grass, straw,
stovers, vegetable waste
• Concentrates: grains, bread,
compound feed
– do not feed all at once
• The feed must provide adequate
nutrients in terms of energy,
proteins, minerals and vitamins
• Never forget water: a dairy goat
may need 6 to 10 litre water per
day!
SLSP: European Commission, ALA ProgrammeEuropeAid/114465/C/SV/PK
19
Goat keeping
Goat Feeding II
• Goats are ruminants: feed is
ingested and afterwards chewed
again; the feed ferments first in
the rumen; then it is digested
further down the intestines
• Changed rations gradually to
allow bacteria / protozoa in the
rumen to adjust
• Ruminants spent about 8 hours
eating, 8 hours ruminating and 8
hours sleeping / day
Goat keeping
Incorrect Feeding
• Provides insufficient nutrients that results in poor
condition and low production
• May cause digestive problems, such as bloat
(tympany) and acidosis
• Bloat symptoms: thick stomach; painful abdomen
• Foamy Bloat is due to intake of leguminous feeds:
alfalfa or clovers: use vegetable oil or bloat
treatment
• Gaseous Bloat is due to intake of too much
concentrates or too fast change to a diet with
much concentrates: use a stomach tube (½" hose
pipe)
• Acidosis is due to overeating of grains/flour
products or too fast changing to such a diet
– Animals are listless and have a painful
stomach
– use baking soda drench
20
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
21
Goat keeping
Goat keeping
Goat Housing
• Housing provides protection against
rains, coldness, predators, theft, ...
• Goat housing is dry, well-ventilated
(no draft), clean (and easy to clean),
has facilities to give clean food and
water
• Goats like to climb on heights:
include an elevated part for goats to
lay and sleep: it is clean!
• Allows to keep animals separate,
e.g. a doe with kid, the buck (think of
smell that can contaminate the milk),
sick animals
• Has storage for utensils, feeds (think
of rats / mice)
• Check for a good drainage and
storage place for the manure to use
in the field/garden
22
Goat keeping
Milking
• Milking utensils:
– bucket
– cleaning materials: brush detergent
– strip-cup/plate
• Milking:
– prepare udder: wash with warm water,
dry; this stimulates 'milk-let-down'
– Few strips from each teat to check the
milk for clots
– Milk with proper
'full-hand' technique
– After milking dip
teats in desinfecting
solution,
e.g. diluted iodine
Goat keeping
23
Goat keeping
Mastitis
• Mastitis is an inflammation of parts of or the
whole udder
• It starts unnoticed
• Second stage: change of milk: change of texture,
clots, watery milk, blood
• Acute: swelling of udder; high temperature of
affected area, puple colour, damage of the udder
• Detection:
– Prestrip and check for clots on a black surface
– Boils and clot test: heat some fresh milk and check
if it clots
– Surf-test: make 2% Surf solution and mix with milk:
if it clots there is sub-clinical mastitis
• Prevention:
– Clean milking practice
– Clean and dry housing
– Teat dipping after milking
– Avoid the 'udder bag'
• Treatment:
– Ask veterinary professional
Goat keeping
FMD X
CCPP only in mountains;
repeat after 3 yrs X
PPR X
Deworming X X X
Helminths/Fluke
24