0

Third National Court Technology Conference Schedule

M a d 11-15, 1992
Morning Afternoon Evening

Wednesday, Kegistration INFOMART Program Opening Reception,

March 11 (continues all day) (12:30-5:00) Banquet, and Keynotc
ISFORMAR1 Introductory Sessions on Speaker ( 6 : O O )
Shurtlc I ~ U SBegins Technology and Courts
Service ( I 1 :OO)
-. .. - _-

Thursday, Registration Group Luncheon Exhibitors’ Reception (6:OO)

March 12 (continues all day) (Judgc Thomas J . Stovall,
Exhibition Opens (9:OO) Jr., Speaker)
Educational Sessions Exhibitor Sessions (3:30-S:4S)
Exhibition Opcn
Educational Sessions
.... - ~. .- -
Friday, Registration Exhibitor Sessions (3:30-5:45) Free time to enjoy Dallas
March 13 (continues all day) Exhibition Open
Exhibition Open Educational Sessions
Educational Sessions
. -

Saturday, Registration Special Group iMcetings

March 14 Plenary Session: The or Free Time
High-Tech Court
-. -. ...

Sunday, Registration Adjournment (12:OO)

Mwch 1.5 Closing Plenary Session:
CTC I11 Wrap-up and
Focus on CTC-IV and
the Futurc

CONTENTS
PaJes 1-2

Improving Justice Through Innovation, 1

INFOMART: A Spccial Opportunity, 2

PaAes 3-16

Session Descriptions and ICM/CLE Credit, 3

Luncheon Speakcr, 13
International Program, 14
Call for Papers, 14
Private-Sector Participation, 15
Cosponsors, 16

PaAes 17-24
~

Dallas, 17
Hotel and Travel Information, 18
Spouses and Guests Program, 20
Registration Form, 2 1
Housing Form, 2 3
 * !
Dear Conference Participant:
“Improving Justice Through Innovation” is the theme of thc Third
National Court Technology Conference. The National Centcr for State
Courts is pleased to join the State Justice Institute and 52 cosponsoring orga-
nizations in inviting you to participate in the largest gathering of court rnan-
agement professionals in history.
‘Thc justice systeni cannot progress beyond the vision of its leadership.
Through educational programs, vendor exhibits, dynamic speakers, and stimu-
lating plenary sessions, the range of your vision will bc extended into the ncxt
century. Explorc with us how state-of-the-arttcchnology can increase the
productivity and effectivcncss of court operations. Assess innovative new tools
that will revolutionizc the managcment of court information. Examine imple-
meiitdtion and managcment of technolop in some of the nation’s niost pro- ,

gressivc courts.
Join us in Dallas, iMarch 11-15, 1992, for the Third National Court Tech-
nology Conference. Wc promise an invigorating experience.

Larry L. Sipes
President, Nntionnl C m t e v for Stnte Cowts

Dear Conferencc Participant:

Why attcnd the Third National Court ’rcchiiology Conference (CTC I l l ) ?
In short, to see and learn about technologies and applications that can help
your court save money and control costs i n thesc troubled financial times and
to learn how to better use the technology you have.
Innovativc leaders from around the country will present more than 60
educational sessions in six tracks, ranging from novice to advanced levcls. The
sessions explorc current court technology, applications used in other public-
and private-sector organizations that could bencfit the courts, new tcchnology,
and technology’s ni3nngcrncnt and human factors.
Vendors in niore than 100 exhibit booths will demonstratc exciting new
products so you can see, compare, and try out innovative solutions to today’s
court needs. You may choose to visit the Dallas INFOMART, an impressive
facility housing many of the nation’s major technology leaders, and see the
latcst tcchnological developments displayed and denionstrated there.
Professional nenvorking, round-table discussions, papers from court
technology leadcrs, an international program, and a high-tech demonstration of
the “Court of the Future” round out thc conference. CTC I l l promises to be a
valuable expcricncc for court managcrs, clerks, judges, technologists, attorneys
who work in the judicial system, and other justice professionals.
Why attcnd CTC 111, Recause, as a noted futurist states, “technology drives
L a y Polansky the future,” and CTC 111 is your chance to get in the driver’s scat. It may be
the best investnicnt your court can makc in its future.

Larry Polansky
Confevenre Dirertos
1
 INFOMART: A Special Opportunity
Wednesday, March 11, 1992
12:30 p.n~.-5:OOp.uut.

ake advantage of the
world’s first computer
A technology marketplace,
INFOKMAKT, located in Dallas
just a few blocks from the con-
ference site. The Dallas
INFORMART is modeled afier
London’s famed Crystal Palace,
which was built in 1851 for the
first World’s Fair to showcase
industrial technology. The
Dallas INFORMAKT is a seven-
story showplace of leading in-
formation technologies of the
twentieth century. Several
vendors at INFOlWART have
arranged technology demon-
strations specifically for the
Third National Court Technol-
ogy Conference.
The program includes an
orientation and overvicw of
INFORMAKT followed by four
one-hour programs. IBM, EIX, Apple Computer, and Xerox will
present programs; others are expected but not yet scheduled.
IBM’s session on Document ImaBe Processing will provide an
introduction and overview of operational image processing. EDS
will present a session on Integ-rated Technolog-iesfovCowt Systems
that features multiple technologies, including imaging and auto-
mated fingerprint idcntification.
Xerox Corporation will offer Xerox Facsimile: The Plain Paper
Solution, which will discuss fax multi-hnctionality, digital copy-
ing, and fax on a Novel1 local area network. Xerox Corporation
will also present Intell&erit Scnnninjfiom I<i~rzwil,which will
examine intclligent character recognition scanning. Apple Coni-
putcrs will demonstrate several CriminalJustice Applications.
Shuttle buses will leave for INFOKMAKT every ten minutes
from thc tower entrance of the Loews Anatole hotel (site of the
conference) starting at 11:00 a.m. and running all afternoon.
Arrive early and eat lunch at INFOKMART’s High-Tech Cafe,
Pavilion Cafe, o r Crystal Palace Restaurant. You’ll also have free
time t o stroll around and enjoy INFORMART’S unique
architecture.
You can attend the I N F O I W T demonstrations at n o extra
charge. Just mail this form directly to INFORh4AltT.

CTC III/INFOMART Program Registration

I plan to attend the CTC I I I / I X F O M A I ~ lprogram on Wednesday, March 11, 1992.

Narne/Title: -

Address: ~

Phone: - . .

Mail to:
INFOMAIIT, Registration Scrvices, Suite 6038, Dallas, Texas, 75207
2‘
(800) 367-7100 or (214) 74613500

2
 SESSION DESCRIPTIONS
AND ICM/CLE CREDIT

The Institute for Court Management (ICM) of the National Center for State Courts will credit
any CTC 111 participant who prepares and submits a summary paper of CTC 111 with one course
toward satisfjring the five-course requirement of Phase I of ICM's Court Executive Development
Program.
In addition, some states may award CLE accreditation to conference registrants. If you are inter-
ested in obtaining ICM o r CLE credits, you must request applications for such credit by writing to
Bolt Ropci; Pso~i*nnzCooidiiintor, Itistitiitc for C o i t i ' t hfniinjcuiciit, 1331 17th St., Sititc 402, D m ~ r ,
COLO., 80202.

TRACK I: EMERGING court application and how to makc the TRACK I: EMERGING
most cost-ctkctivc use of their tcch- TECHNOLOGIES
TECHNOLOGIES
nology investment.
Many technologics that arc well cstab- 101. Electronic Data Inter-
lished in industry d o not cnjoy widc- change (EDI). Courts,
sprcad LISC in courts. 'The technolo- TRACK IV:MANAGEMENT
attorneys, law enforccmcnt of-
gies addressed in this track will be dc- TOOLS, MANAGEMENT ficials, probation officials, and
scribed largely in terms of an industry ISSUES, & HUMAN corrections officials may all
that is making viable use of the tcch- FACTORS haw different types of coni-
nology. Actual demonstrations are puter systcms, yet thcy must
planned where possible. Aftcr the for- Success or frustration in technology communicate with each other.
mal presentation, an open discussion programs and projects is frequently
tied to human rather than technical The world of conimercc has
will allow participants to assess the also faced this problem and is
value, explore possible applications, issues. This widc-ranging track in-
using to solve it. LargFfG
and raise issues to be considcrcd for cludcs technology for management,
companies such as GM, Ford,
use of the technology in courts. management needs, and philosophical
Wal-Mart, and Sears are imple-
and policy issues.
menting ED1 systems for the
TRACK 11: C O U R T thousands of smaller conipa-
APPLICATIONS OF TRACK V: ADVANCED nies with which they deal. Pcr-
TECHNICAL SESSIONS haps we in the lcgal comniu-
TECHNOLOGY nity can learn somcthing from
Each court casctype and jurisdiction Track V sessions are designed for the their efforts. This session will
presents unique problems in the dc- growing group of sophisticatcd tech- explore ED1 standards and ap-
vcloprncnt of modern, fiinctional, and nologists in the justice community. plications in the commercial
efficient technological support. I n Discussions may break new ground, workplace and discuss the cur-
this track, major court applications dcvclop fresh insights, or add signifi- rent effort in developing judi-
will bc prcscntcd. Many of thc scs- cant items to the hturc agenda for cial EI>I standards. 1 hour.
sions will use a combination of tcch- court technology. Jcssc Aldcuson, Sirpply Tech, Elcc-
nologies already in use to support tuonic Dntn Intcrchnigc, Ann
small, medium, and large courts. TRACK VI: ORIENTATION Avhor, Michigan.
Wherever practical, presentations will
include demonstrations.
PROGRAMS
102. Artificial Intelligence (AI).
These scssions arc planned for Court decisions involve a large
TRACK 111: EXISTING Wednesday afternoon, March 11, number of factors, all with
before the formal opening of CTC 111. complcx interactions. As a re-
TECHNOLOGIES One session is designed for new tech- sult, outcomes are often incon-
Track 111 sessions will describe, deni- nology users and another for partici- sistcnt. Computer-assistcd de-
onstrate, and discuss the multiple uscs pants new to the courts. If you fall in cision making may help courts
of many technologics currently being one or both of thesc catcgories, you reduce the inconsistcncies-es-
used by courts. Court professionals can look fonvard to having many of pccially in the areas of risk as-
will see how extensively a technology your questions answered a t thcsc sessment (such as scntencing
can be used to address more than one special programs. or bail), differentiated case

3
 management, and schcduling.
Artificial intelligence, also
known as knowledge-based
systems, has a long history in
the private sector. This experi
eiice could help courts adapt
some technologies (primarily
software development) to help
with complex court manage-
ment practices and to reduce
equal protection violations.
1.5 hours.
AI Corp., Wnlthnm, Mnssnrhirsetts.
103. Text/Data Storage and Re-
trieval. As courts become
inundatcd with filings, court
records and orders, transcripts,
and requests for access, infor-
mation management will con-
tinue to be a n important and
pressing challenge. This
session will describe, explain,
aiid demonstrate such tech-
nologies as CD-ROM, imaging
and tcxt-retrieval databases,
and OCR/IR software and will
discuss future directions for
these technologies. 1.5 hours.
C. Lewis Tippctt, Rcgionnl Infor-
mation Proi’idcv Mnnngcv, Mrnd
Da tn Ccntrnl, Dnyton, Ohio.
104. Executive Information Sys-
tems (EIS) in the courts.
The amount of data available
through computers that is criti-
cal to the management and op-
eration of thc courts has bc-
comc overwhelming. O u r abil-
ity to create delivery systems
that can turn data into relevant
information has been qucs-
tioned. Executivc information
systems (EIS) arc gaining wide
use in the private sector and
could go a long way toward
making access to intuitive in-
formation possible. This ses-
sion covcrs the concepts and
approachcs uscd in EIS.
1 hour.
‘ Doirglas F. McCnrtncy, Pvodirct
‘ Mnnngcr, Lightship Division, Pilot
Execirtive Softliwrc, Boston, Mnssn-
chirsctts.
4
105. Data-Capture Technologies.
Optical imaging, intelligent
character recognition (ICR),
optical charactcr recognition
(OCK), and intelligent work
station technologies are uscd
to proccss insurance claims,
loans, mortgages, checks, and
many customcr service func-
tions. Thcsc technologies have
definite potential for court ap-
plications. 1 hour.
Mikc Niebcrding, Virc-president,
Adiwnrcd Tcchnology, Empire HIiic
~ v o s s / ~ Shicld,
hc New York City.
106. Handwriting Recognition as
a Data-Entry Tool. Many
computers can now recognize
priiitcd handwriting, opening
doors to computers for thosc
who have never felt conifort-
able with a keyboard. Many
applications have emerged to
makc pen and display technol-
ogy the most important inno-
vation of thc past years. Grid
Systcms has pioncered and
implemented this technology
into a 4.5-pound1grid-pad,
hand-held computer. The
technology will be dcmon-
strated, and participants will be
encouraged to discuss possible
court-rclatcd applications.
1 hour.
Tom Fcdro, District Snlrs Mnnngcr,
Grid Pnd Systcms Coip., Dnllns,
Texas.
107. Desktop Multimedia Pro-
grams. Desktop multimedia
refers to using microcomputers
to creatc and distribute coni-
munications cnhanced with
audio and video. The combi-
nation of voice, sound, images,
full-motion video, and anima-
tion is a powerful tool for mov-
ing through data to infornia-
tion, knowledge, and finally to
a decision. This session will
demonstrate the basic technol-
ogy, emphasizing its associated
costs and case of use and focus-
ing on how multimedia appli-
cations can support thc courts.
1 hour.
Harty Lcvcrctte, Infovmation Hc-
soimxs Coordinator, Havvis County
Criminal Court, Houston, Texas.
108. Voice-Recognition Technol-
ogy. No singlc technological
breakthrough has niorc prom-
ise for automating our courts
than the ability to speak to
your computer and have it
translate the spokcn word into
text information. This typc of
technology has cxisted fix al-
most 10 years aiid was spurred
by a need of some people for
hands-free computing. This
session will explain some amaz-
ing ncw brcakthrouglis in pro-
ductivity and efficiency of voicc
rccognition, demonstrate cur-
rent capabilities, and discuss
future developments and voicc-
recognition technology’s pos-
sible use for data entry, thc
court record, and simultaneous
translation. 1.5 hours.
I h i Thompson, Salcs Rcpvmntn-
tivc, Kol Vox Inrorpovntcd,
Toronto, Ontn rio, Cnn adn .
1 1 1. Smart Card Technologies.
Smart cards are secure, por-
table data carriers. While cur-
rent applications arc vcry cxcit-
ing, potential applications arc
virtually limitless. The smart
card is now being uscd in
North Anicrica for debit cards,
physical and logical access con-
trol, clectronic benefit transfer
(EBT), and cryptographic pro-
cessing. Thc U.S. Department
of Agriculture’s Peanuts Buy-
ing Point Program and die
U.S. Marine Corps arc just two
organizations currently using
smart card technology. Smart
cards have potential court
applications in areas such as
security, criminal historics, and
fine and child support pay-
ments and histories, among
others. This scssion will dem-
onstrate smart card tcchnology
and evaluatc potcntial court
applications. 1 hour.
Gernld Hirbbard, Dircrtov Of Mar-
keting, Microcard Technology Inc.,
DaIlas, TCXRS.
TRACK 11: COURT APPLICA-
TIONS OF TECHNOLOGY
20 I. Traffic Court Technology
(Showcase). Expensivc, high-
volume traffic court opcrations
have enlisted the aid of many
technological tools. This ses-
sion will focus on how such
tcchnologies as automated case
rnanagcment systems, imaging
systems to managc citations,
bar-coding techniques, hand-
held computers to preparc and
process tickets, electronic
transfer of data (ix., for state
reporting) and funds, integra-
tion of cash registcrs with the
automated case management
system, and voicc-response sys-
tems are all being used to sup-
port traffic courts. 1.5 hours.
Ed Girnd, Senior Vice President,
Lockheed Informntion Mnnngemfnt
Services Compnny, Washington,
D. c.
202. Criminal Systems. Criminal
courts have benefited from a
variety of technologies. This
session will focus on the fol-
lowing technologies as they re-
late to processing criminal
cases: automated case-process-
ing systems, computer-sup-
ported differentiated case man-
agement, image-proccssing,
vidco arraignmcnt, rcmote
access, facsimile, video record-
ing, and bar-codcd data entry
and file control. 1.5 hours.
Frederick K . Oblricb, Assistnnt
Court Adm inistmtor, LAS An&es
Municipal Court, .!AS Angeles,
California.
20 , Technology Used in
Noncriminal Casetypes:
Tricks, Trends, and Tradi-
tion. A growing number of
tcchnologies and techniqucs
are improving the management
of noncriminal courts. This
session will focus on auto-
mated systems, placing special
emphasis on the use of per-
sonal computcrs and personal
computer nctworks in caseflow
management and differentiated
case rnanagemcnt, courtroom
administrative data input
(CADI), remote access and re-
mote filing, image proccssing
and management, facsimilc
transmission, and legal research
to move the judge’s caseload.
The prcscntation will demon-
strate how integrating various
technologies can increase effi-
ciency and decrease costs.
1.5 hours.
F. DrrIe Knspnrek, Jr., Court Ad-
ministrntor, Stnrk County Court of
Common Plens, Cnnton, Ohio.
204. Child Support Technology.
Child support enforcement has
become a national priority that
affects courts, criminal justice
agencies, and social services
agcncies. This session will
focus on technolob31 support
for the child support opcra-
tions. Topics will includc au-
tomatcd case filing and track-
ing; child support guideline
calculations; accounts receiv-
able; voicc-response systcms;
collcction stratcgics through
technology; electronic funds
transfer (EFT); integration with
paternity cstablishment, cus-
tody, and divorce data; and cn-
forcement support through
CSENET (Child Support En-
forcement Network), which is
being dcvcloped by OCSE.
1.5 hours.
Ray Rninvillr, Child Support En-
forrrmfnt, Administrrrtive ODce of
t h Corrrts, Trrnton, New Jrrsey.
205. Design Principles for
Juvenile Court Information
Systems. The unique informa-
tion necds of a juvenile court
must be considered in design-
ing its information system.
systems must support the
juvenile court’s operational and
management needs and also
function within the general
trial court and the social service
agencies, with which the court
is required to share informa-
tion. 1.5 hours.
Hirnter Hirrst, Director,
National Centerfor Juvenile
Justice, Pittsbir&, Pennsylvnnia.
206. Appellate Court Technology.
Although several state appellate
courts, federal circuit courts of
appcal, and the U.S. Supreme
Court arc making rapid inno-
vations in court technology,
those who arc trying to imple-
ment the new systems are be-
ing assailed by numerous prob-
lems. This scssion will demon-
strate or discuss several of these
appellate court support sys-
tems, including docketing and
case management, issue track-
ing, electronic opinion dissemi-
nation, imaging systems,
library systems and electronic
legal retricval, remote filing
and access, management-re-
porting systems, voice-based
systems, communications and
local area networks, and cxpcrt
systems. 1.5 hours.
Pemy Horvnth, Deputy State
Court Administrator for
Information Systems nnd Prognm
Support, Tnllnhnssee, Florida;
James R. Donovan, Director of
Data Systems, US.Supreme Court,
Washington, D.C.; John M.
Greacen, Clerk, US.Court of
Appeals, 4th Circuit, Richmond,
Virginla.
207. Personal Computer Applica-
tions for Judges. This session
will allow the participant to
hear about, see, and use the
most recent personal computer
software and hardware for
judges. Rccause the numbcr of
personal computers available in
the classroom is limitcd, there
will be a limit of 40 partici-
pants per session. After each
session, some of the applica-
tions shown will be distributed
on diskettes for the partici-
pants’ personal use. 1.5 hours.
David L. Phnres, Presiding Judge,
Gilbert Municipnl Court, Gilbert,
Arizona; R. Xynn Reinhold, JiidBe,
La keside, A riw nn .
5
208. ABA Minimum Standards Ju-
dicial Work Station. This
session will prescnt the work of
: , the Technology Committee of
1.’ the State Trial Judges Confer-
ence of the American Bar Asso-
ciation/Judicial Administration
Division over thc past four
years to develop a baseline for
a judgc’s personal-computer
2 1 1. Role of Judges in Technol-
work station. Hardwarc, soft-
ware, applications, and options
for system expansion and con-
nectivity will be included.
1 hour.
Hichard R. Klein, Jud& Court of
Common Pleas, Philadelphia,
Pen nsyliwn in.
209. International Projects: Im-
proving Judicial Performance
with Modern Technology.
This presentation will review
2 12. Court Public-Access Systems.
how judges usc technology in
their dayto-day activities. The
demonstrations will show how
judges can increase accuracy,
productivity, efficiency, and
effectiveness at various judicial
levels. The presenters will sug-
gcst opportunitics and pitfalls
that every judgc should rccog-
nize. 1.5 hours.
K. Peter Richnrd, Jiistice, Siipreme
Coiivt of Nova Scotin, Hnlfku,
NoiTa Scotin; Willinm R.
McMnhon, Jiidje, Micnicipnl
Court, Fostoria, Ohio.
2 13. Using Today’s Technology
2 10. Judicial Chambers of the Fu-
ture. A “chambcrs of the fu-
ture” project in the U.S. Dis-
trict Court in Dayton, Ohio,
demonstrates a major new at-
tempt to creatc an automatcd
and integrated judicial cham-
bcrs and achieve office efi-
ciency through applied busi-
ness technology. The system
uscs statc-of-the-artpersonal
computers, local area ncnvork-
ing, a graphical user intcrfacc,
and the latest office automa-
tion support software. It pro-
vides advanced communica-
, tions, document storage and
retrieval capabilities, facsimile,
and electronic mail. Emphasis
6
is on an automated chambcrs,
work group environment, and
the capability for timely ex-
change of information between
the court, attorneys, and liti-
gants. 1 hour.
Wnlter H. Rice, Judge, US.
District Couvt, Dnyton, Ohio.
ogy Projects. Teamwork is es-
sential to developing successhl
court technology applications.
Judges play an important role
in the process. This session
will discuss that rolc and cx-
plorc some project case histo-
ries. 1 hour.
Chester B. Chance, Chief J ~ d g e 8th
, session will also discuss the
Jid dicinI Circuit, A h chiin Coirn ty,
Gninesldle, Floridn.
The public’s and thc legal
community’s remote access to
state and federal court com-
puter databases is expanding
rapidly. This session will focus
011 the U S C ~ ~ ~ I Kof
S Sthese SYS-
tems and the issues raised by
the easy availability of court
databases. 1 hour.
Richard D. Fennel1 nnd Michnel
Gweniiwod, Adm in istvatiiv Ofice
of the US.Courts, Washipgton,
D. C.
to Enhance Pretrial and Pro-
bation Supervision. The
challenges facing pretrial ser-
vices and probation depart-
ments have never becn greater.
Today’s offenders are more in-
volved with drugs, more prone
to violence than ever before.
The many benefits of a part-
nership between pretrial ser-
vices and probation programs
will be discussed, with empha-
sis placed on the role of tech-
nology in informing judicial
decision making and expanding
the options for community su-
pervision. 1.S hours.
Jay Carver, Director, D.C. Pretrial
Sewiccs Apxcy, Wnshinjton, D.C.;
Alan M . Schirman, Director, Social
Services, Superior Court, Washing-
ton, D.C.
2 14. Court Records Management
in the 90s: The Promise and
Reality of Information Man-
agement. Creating and iniple-
menting a statewide trial court
records management program
has many pitfalls, both concep-
tual and practical. This session
will cxplorc stratcgics for
building consensus among
opcrator and user groups and
show how records manage-
ment plays a vital rolc i n estab-
lishing standards for a tcchnol-
ogy-oricntcd state court. This
effects on the budget of intc-
grating high-tech with low-
tech solutions as well as practi-
cal problems of and solutions
to managing information
recorded on high-tech media.
1.S hours.
David Rubier, C K M , Court Records
Analyst, Director of State Courts,
Madison, Wisconsin; Jnmcs E.
Kelley, Jud!e, District Court of
Scott County, Davenport, Iowa.
2 15. Court Law Library Automa-
tion. This session will discuss
how and why automation can
improve the management and
services of a court law library in
areas such as acquisitions, scri-
als, material routing, inventory
control, catalog access, and re-
search tools. Thc session will
also cover a successhl library
automation project. 1.5 hours.
Shirley Dnvid, Director, Sncra-
meiito County LIEiv Libra?, Sacra-
mento, California.
2 16. Jury System Automation.
Jury management has bene-
fited from several tcchnological
advances. This session will cx-
plorc jury system support, such
as using lasers to generate bar
codes for forms and mailers,
which reduce costs and can bc
scanned for rapid input of juror
information, check-in, and pay-
 ment. The session will also de-
scribe PC support of telephone
call-in and automatic dialing
systems. State support of trial
court jury operations, such as
list merging and forms gcnera-
tion, will also be discusscd. Fi-
nally, a checklist of automation
areas subject to legal challenge
will be prescntcd. 1.5 hours.
Tom Mirnstermnn, Senior StaflAs-
socinte, Nntionnl Centerfor Stnte
i Courts, Arlin’ton, Virginia; Philip
S. Brnxton, Director of Ilntn Pro-
ct-ssin’, Superior Court, Wnshing-
tun, D.C.
2 17. Integrated Financial and
Case Management Systems.
The business of courts is to
process and manage c a w and
related financial transactions.
Modern casc management sys-
tems should be tightly joincd
with financial accounting and
management systems to allow
judges and court managers to
monitor (1) financial obliga-
tions for active and disposed
T U C K 111: EXISTING
cases; (2) thc rcccipt and dis-
TEC€ NOLOGIES
position of fees, court costs,
fines, bail, bonds, restitution,
and other case-related funds;
301. Voice Systems. This scssion
and ( 3 ) trust or registry hnds.
This session will outline the cs-
sential features and hnctions
of such systcms, the benefits
for court managers, and ways
to design, develop, and imple-
mcnt such systems. 1.! hours.
i
Keith L. Mirmsted, President,
Resource Mnnnjement LRbornto-
ries, Inc., Boulder, Color~do.
2 18. Technology for the Rural
Court. This session will cx-
plorc the technology available
for and in use by smaller courts
with limited resources. ‘The
emphasis is on getting started
and planning for the future, as
well as on specific technologies
related to storage and access to
data, financial rcporting, and
case management 1 hour.
0.John Kuenhold, Jird’e, 12th 111-
d i r k 1 District, Alnmoso, Colorndo.
2 19. Making an Impact on Drug
Use from the Bench
Through Effective Use of
Drug Tests. Drug testing is a
proven deterrent to drug use.
But the capabilities and limita-
tions of the existing technolo-
gies must be understood by
judges and judicial administra-
tors for the tests to be effec-
tive. This workshop will exam-
ine the technologies and meth-
ods used by judicial and cor-
rectional systems to tcst crimi-
nal offenders. Topics include
current technologies, accuracy
and reliability issues, false posi-
tivcs and cross-rcactions, false
negatives, adulteration and
tampering with samples, and
the use and need of confirma-
tion of initial tests. 1.5 hours.
Jeffeply A . Konecke, Trnining and
T e c h icnl Assistnnre Consirltnnt,
Ccnterfor LRw nnd Justice, Coirn-
cil of Stnte Governments, Ix.vinj-
ton, Kentucky.
will explore ways thc courts
can use voice-processing tcch-
nology to help them meet
today’s challcngc of doing
more with less. The session
will address the benefits of
voice technology, including
delivering information to the
gencral public, providing ser-
vices 24 hours per day, freeing
courts from using valuable re-
sources on repetitive or routine
transactions, and climinating
“telcphone tag.” Thc scssion
will include an overview of
threc voice technologies
(audiotex, messaging, and
transactional IVK) and explain
thc flow of information from
the caller to the systcm or
agent and back again.
1.5 hours.
Ralebh D. Wilson, Director, Snles,
Voice Products Group, SIMPACT,
Snn Dityo, Cnlfornin.
302. Imaging Technology in the
Courts, Now and in the Fu-
ture. Imaging technology is
wcll cstablished in a wide vari-
ety of government and busi-
ness organizations such as
courts, land records offices,
secretaries of state, governor’s
offices, police departments,
hospitals, insurance companics,
and banks. The session will
describe how imaging can im-
prove service and generate rev-
enue. Organizational and
technological issues will be
emphasized as courts movc to
imaging both within the court
and among the court and its
constituents (law firms, jail and
corrcctions officials, prosecu-
tors, public dcfcnders, and
othcr criminal justice agcncics).
This session will include a
demonstration of imaging inte-
grated with a case nianagenicnt
systcm, electronic mail, voicc,
fax, and pen-based systems.
1.5 hours.
Stere Bnrdke, Senior Mnnnger,
Government Applicntions, Wnnj
Lnborntories, Inc., Lowell, Mnssn-
chusetts.
303. Bar Coding. This session will
demonstrate and discuss court
applications of bar coding for
tracking files, managing juries,
entering docket data, proccss-
ing traffic tickets, and collect-
ing statistics. An evaluation of
the existing uses and considcr-
ation of additional uses of bar-
coding techniques will also be
included. 1.5 hours.
Jeny I,. Short, QUINIIECA, Napa,
California.
304. Video in the Courthouse
(Showcase). Thc video age
has come to court! Remote ar-
raignment and testimony, mak-
ing of the court record, trial
through prerecordcd video,
video conferencing, training,
and public information and
education are all video applica-
tions being applied in courts.
7
 This session, in a replicated
courtroom, features voicc-acti-
vated vidco cameras, micro-
,. . phones, video-recording ma-
chines and monitors, for a tour
of courts that use vidco for a
variety of purposes. Key tecli-
nical, cost, organizational,
legal, and political factors
needed for each application
will be highlighted. 1.S hours.
77mzns S. Hodson, Esqriiiq Atlmu,
Ohio; Jridith Crri~i~ii~gbnii~, Court
Adm in istm tor, 6th Jir dicial Cir-
cirit, Pontinc, Michhnn; Hnriy
Scynoirr Criiinp, Ji u i j e, Mentnl
Hfnlth Dii~ision,4th Jitdicinl Cii.-
crr it, Min n enpolis, Min n esotn;
J a w s I.. McCrytnl, Jiid’f,
Snndiisky, Ohio;Don Mettcrt, I’resi-
drnt, Coiirt Vision Cowmrrnicn -
tions, Inc., lhoiisnnd Onks, Cnlifor-
nin.
305. Touch-Screen Technology.
Touch-screen computers are a
fixture in big city hotels and
shopping malls, directing users
to services, restaurants, attrac-
tions, and transportation. In
Colorado, a touch-screen sys-
tem provides public informa-
tion on sniall claims court and
child support matters. The
courts have barely touched the
potential of interactive com-
puters for public information.
This session will explore that
potential and present the latest
information on new multinic-
dia touch-screen techniques us-
ing text, data, voice, graphics,
and video. Recent break-
throughs havc made these sys-
tems easier to develop and
implement. 1 hour.
Mary Shewill, Systems Annlyst, Ad-
ministrnriw Ofice oj‘the Coiirts,
Denver, Colorado.
306. Court Security Technology.
In today’s courts, the fear of
terrorism and violence is on
the mind of every judge and
court administrator. Courts
I.. arc using magnetometers, x-ray
devices, mail screening, emer-
gency alarm systems, video
8
monitoring, and computer-
assisted security devices to help
ensure the safety of the public
and the court. Demonstration
and discussion will acquaint
participants with new equip-
ment and help them decide the
appropriate Icvcl of security
technologies for their coiirt-
houses. 1.5 hours.
Fwd A . Geger, Jiid’c, Appellnte
Corrvt, Srcond District, Lihfrtyidle,
Illinois.
307. Presentation of Scientific
Evidence. Science has invaded
thc courthouse with techno-
logical advances such as DNA
“fingerprinting” for proof in
paternity, criminal, arid sonic-
times civil actions. Computer
source books promise a trans-
latcd information world for the
judicial system. Computer
modeling and animation havc
been used in civil cases to show
how an event occurrcd. Mcta-
analyses may require no expert
witnesses and present no ex
parte communications prob-
Icms. Examples of the prcscn-
ration of such scientific e v -
deiicc will be followed by dis-
cussion of the issues raised and
the current legal status of such
evidence. 1 hour.
Franklin M . Ziveg, Profissor and
Dirwtor, Program for Henlth Sci-
encr @ Lnw, Georgrtuw Unisrr-
sity, Washington,D.C.
308. Hand-Held Data-Entry De-
vices. Entering information
into a coniputcr system
quickly, accurately, and cco-
nomically has always been a
major challenge. Hand-held
data-entry dc\’ices arc now
’
being used by law enforcement
to initiate parking and other
traffic citations in the field and
to enter information into a
court database, thus reducing
costs, time, and redundant
tasks. Similar equipment could
bc considered for other real-
time data entry. Dcmonstra-
tion of existing capabilities will
be followed by consideration
and evaluation of the possible
uses of hand-held data-entry
devices. 1.S hours.
Vince Ordonez, Jr., Assistnizt Coitrt
Ewczrtii~rOflcer, Ventrtrn Coitnty
Siipoior and Miiniripnl Cortrts,
Vcntura, California..
309. Court-reporting Technolo-
gies (Showcase). Making an
official record remains an ini-
portant component of our jus-
tice system. Experimentation,
dialogue, and controversy havc
surrounded the developnient
and application of sophisticated
computer and video tools to aid
court reporting. This sessioii
will focus on three major tcch-
iiologies used for court rcport-
ing-computer-aided transcrip-
tion (CAT) and the coniputer-
intcgrated courtroom (CIC),
video court rcporting, and au-
dio recording. The scssion, in a
replicated courtroom complete
with bench, witness stand, jury
box, and counsel tables, will be
outfitted with a state-of-thc-art
CAI‘/CIC system and a video
court-reporting system. Key
management and implemcnta-
tion issues associated with each
technology will be highlighted.
Participants in the session will
become familiar with the ad-
vantages of each technology
and gain an appreciation of
how and why each approach
may be included as one of sev-
eral tools available. 1 .S hours.
Jefiey M . A viiold, Adm in lstm tiiv
Dirrctor, Circirit Coiwt of Cook
Coirnty, Chicago, Illinois; Franh
Andreiiv, Jridge, I 1 6th Dispict
Court, Dallas, Texas; Dnvid
LnrzDfoid,Court Reporter, I 1 6tb
District Court, Dallns; Richnrd
Ryan Lamb, JridBe, 9th Circuit
Coiwt, Kn In m m o o , Mich@ n;
Dennis Bilecki, Cortrt Oprrntions
Mnnager, U.S.District Colrrt, San
Frnncisco, CnIf o v n in.
110. Telecommunications. This
scssion will explore the various
 means of electronic communi-
cation bctwecn the public, the
legal profession, and the court-
house. Demonstration and
discussion will cover remote in-
quiry, electronic filing, bulletin
board systems, public data-
bases, clectronic mail, public
television, and featurcs (such as
wiring, fiber optics, wirclcss/
IW) that a court needs for
niodcrn telecommunication.
1.5 hours.
Strphrn J. Vt-ntrc,Jitdje, Mesn,
A riw na .
3 1 1. Fax/Courts in the Fax Lane.
Facsimile machines have made
a fast and extensive inroad on
the operation of American
busincss and government as a
primary vehicle for paper trans-
mission. There is, however,
much to learn about the intri-
cacies of fax operation in
courts. This program will cx-
plain and explore how courts
arc using fax, what works and
what to avoid, and how courts
can bcncfit from this technol-
ogy. The speaker will address
fax-filing issucs and review the
niodcl court rules that have
been developed to address
those issucs. 1 hour.
Susnn Kocnig, St-riror StnfAssoci-
ntr,Nntionnl Center for Stnte
Courts, Snn Frnncisco, CnliJirntn.
TRACK IV: MANAGEMENT
TOOLS, MANAGEMENT
ISSUES, & HUMAN FACTOKS
40 1. Project Management for
Court Technology. Nothing
is more difficult in court man-
agement than controlling tech-
nology projects. The typical
court manager has not had
training or experience in man-
aging a technology project and
is often at the mercy of the
vendor. This program will
present and discuss need deter-
mination, planning, advertis-
ing, vendor selection, contract-
ing, and, especially, monitoring
the court technology project.
The program will include a dis-
cussion of the National Center
for State Courts’ Court Auto-
lllf?tioll 1’ESfOSltlIl tl CE StII FldIIYdS
developed under a grant from
the State Justice Institute to
address this vital management
need. 1 hour.
CRY(Wnrd, Director, Informntion
Systrms IIiiGsion, Jiidicinl Ikpnrt-
nient, Salem, Oregon.
402. Managing Technical Staff.
This session will present a
nontraditional approach to
project management and sys-
tem implementation. ‘I’hc ap-
proach creates an automation
staff, both nontechnical and
technical, that works together
to ensure that the programs
dcvcloped meet users’ needs
and expectations. Managing
and coordinating that staff will
be discussed, as well as the au-
tomated tools they can usc to
d o the job and promote good
communications between work
groups. The role of a vendor
as a systems integrator will also
be explored. This session will
provide valuable insights for
managers planning any size
court project. 1 hour.
C. Sirr Willoiighby, Coordirintor of
Stntrwidr Autoinntion, Admiriis-
tmtiiv Ojficr of l’rnnsyli~nnin
Coitvrs, MechnnirsbrirJ, Pennsyhw-
nin; John llmrnport, Director of
Darn l.’r.oct-ssiig,Adm in istmtiiv
Oflrr of the Courts, Mrchnnicbiri~,
Pennsylvania.
403. Coping with the Human
Factor in Managing Techno-
logical Change in the Courts.
Technology changes quickly,
but people do not-despite
strong pressure to d o so.
Many court managers respon-
sible for implementing a tech-
nical innovation neglect this
human factor and focus prima-
rily on the merits of the new
technology. They seem to be-
lieve that an innovation’s tcch-
nical superiority and impor-
tance will guarantee accep-
tance. This session will chal-
lenge this belief and provide a
model for understanding the
human side of technical
change. 1 hour.
Dale h f e i w , President, Applird
T h c o q , Inc., A n n Arbor, Michigan.
404. Court Automation Projects:
Keys to Success. l h i s session
will address key issues in court
automation, such as system ac-
quisition alternatives, intra-
organizational communication,
expectation management,
project control, technolob31
selection, trade-off issues in
design, user involvemcnt,
system marketing, and h n d -
ing. 1 hour.
John R . l’t-ny, Asststant Director,
Trial Corivt SrnGct-s 0Infornin-
tion Systt-ms, Roise, ldnho.
405. Expectation Management.
One of the most difficult tasks
for managers in technology
development is balancing
users’ cxpcctations. This
session will cover ways to in-
clude users in making decisions
and t o organize users so that
they can help make the project
ef’fcctivc. I t will revicw how to
balance the ovenvhelniing
number of user requests with
the liniitcd resources available
to address those requests.
Committee structures will be
analyzed for maximum produc-
tivity, political purposes, and
for the best balance bctwccn
technicians’ and users’ control.
1 hour.
Mniy Cnmpbt-I1McQtrern, Stntc
Co14 rt Adrn in istrnt o v, Suprt-m t-
Court of Washington, Olympra,
Washington.
406. Privacy and Public Access
(Showcase). Arthur Miller
will lead a round-table discus-
sion of judges, attorneys, mc-
dia, law enforcement, and in-
formation industry reprcscnta-
tivcs. Issues will include the
9
 privacy rights of individuals
with respect to information
stored in court computer sys-
tems; the rights of the nicdia,
information industry, and citi-
zens to get this electronic data;
and the need to protect sensi-
tive information that may injure
innocent parties or compromise
law cnforcenient efforts.
I .5 hours.
Avthiir Millcv, Hrircr Hroinlry Pro-
frssor of Lnii?, H n i - i ~ r dL n w School,
Cambsrd’c, Massachiisctts.
Spoiisorrd by Mend Dntn Ccntvnl.
407. Designing Facilities for Tech-
nology. During planning for
new or renovated court facili-
ties, grcat attention is paid to
courtroom design to accommo-
date the legal profcssion.
Much greater attcntion should
be paid to the what, where, and
how of technology nceds i n the
courthouse. How to prepare
for computers, video recording
and viewing, voice and data
communications, nctworks, se-
curity devices, etc., is just as, if
not even morc, important than
the courtroom layout. Thc sig-
nificant cost of fitting after coii-
struction is completed can be
cut drastically by a little fore-
thought to the possible techno-
logical necds of the next five to
ten pears. 1 hour.
Kcrr n eth L. MIttendora Dirr ctov,
Mn p i ngci~icv t Iirfi,riiintiori Systcins,
Sirpvrinr Coirrt of V i ~ p i i nRich-
, alliances with other organiza-
rwoiid, Vivpiiiia.
408. Security and Disaster Recov-
ery. Changing times have
forced courts to considcr levels
of security never before neces-
sary. Scarce resources and
growing caseloads Iiavc niade
courts dependent on auto-
niatcd systems, creating a situa-
tion in which, if the use of au-
tomation is lost, it is no longer
possible to rcvert to a manual
, ,, system. Technology has also
incrcascd the risk of unautho-
rizcd access and disclosurc of
10
court information, This ses-
sion will faniiliarizc court inan-
agcrs and technicians with
methods for evaluating coni-
putcr security risk and, based
o n that assessnicnt, dctermin-
ing what corrective measures
would bc most beneficial.
Topics include security risk as-
sessments, con tingeiicy plan -
ning, disaster recovcry, envi-
ronmental controls, personnel
issucs, oK-sitc storage, and
common sense.
1 hour.
Rick Coplrn, I1iiwtor, Ii?fovnintioii
Systeins Division, Oficr 1flt13c
Adnziiiistvntov for thr Coiirts,
Olyinpia, Wasl~inpton.
409. Options for Funding Tech-
nology. How does one fi-
nance the substantial costs of
modern technology in an era
of budget reductions arid staff
cutbacks? This program will
explore the pros and cons of
cost/bencfit analysis, legislativc
appropriations, earmarked
funds, lease purchase arrange-
ments, and other crcativc ap-
proaches to funding.
1 hour.
I l a i ~ cByrrs, 11cpiity Dirrrtov,
Adiizinistrntivr OBcr oj’thr
Coitvts, Siiprrinc Coirrt cfAviznnn,
Phocnix, Arizona.
4 10. Integrated Justice Systems.
Courts should form strategic
tions to share inforniation.
Our information nceds parallel
those of many government
agcncies: corrections, police,
prosecutor, DMV, social service
agencies. Courts and other
agencies collect and need many
of the sanie data elenicnts and
reports, so why can’t we coop-
crate and plan to minimize
rcdundancy in data collection
and resolve access issues? This
program will discuss some of
the technical issues, such as de-
sign compatibility and teleconi-
niuiiicatioiis, but will focus
primarily on the political and
managerial problems con-
fronted i n planning, implc-
nicnting, and managing inte-
grated justice systems.
1.5 hours.
Rolici-t 11. Wessrls, Coitrt Mniiajrr,
Offlccof Coiwt Manapcincnt,
Horrston, Texas.
4 1 1. Technology Acquisition.
Purchasing the bcst possible
tcchnological solution to a
court problem requires travel-
ing a path quite unfamili;ir
even to the most expericnced
court manager or purchasing
agent. Managers must Icarn
the difference bcnvecn requests
for information (I<FI) anti rc-
quests for proposals (IWP),
how to fairly and accurately
evaluate thc responses to ci-
tlier, the dangcrs of vendor as-
sistance in prcparing thc lW’,
the possibility of a public-pri-
vatc partnership, thc usc of
consultants, and how to write
an effective contract aftcr sc-
lccting a vendor. This pro-
gram will attempt to provide a
sct of guidelines for the nian-
ager setting out on the minc-
ladcn path to tcchnology
iniplcmentation. 1 hour.
SlizniiiirH . Jnincs, Co1ri.t Adininis-
trnror, 7th Jiidicinl Circirit, Uppcr
Ma rlboro, Mn ryln nd.
4 12. Training to Use Technology.
Training staff and reducing
their resistance are keys to suc-
ccssfully implementing tech-
nology. This program will
address the need and the tcch-
niques for training staff and
overcoming tlicir fears of tech-
nological innovation. The ses-
sion will discuss who to train,
whcrc to train, how to train,
when to train, who to usc as
trainers, and how to dcsign a
strateby for dcaliiig with rcsis-
tancc to using technology.
1 hour.
Tcd Hroirsscnir, Jird’r, 20th
Judicial Circuit of Florida,
Naples, Florida.
4 13. Education and Training with
and for Technology. Training
gcnerally looks the same as it
did 50 years ago. Hut why
should it, when professional
developmcnt of all lcvcls of the
court-judges, executive man-
agement, administrative staff-
can benefit from a multitude of
new systems and technologics?
Participants will explore man-
agement issues, such as costs,
benefits, in-housc authoring or
dcvcloping, and assimilation,
and learn about audio and
video training, hypcrmedia,
on-line documentation, expert
and artificial intelligence sys-
tems, teletraining, automatic
testing, multimedia, embedded
training, satellite and micro-
wave delivery, and self-paced,
computer-assisted training.
1 hour.
Anthony H . Fisser, Director, Con-
tiniring Edrrcntion, Judicinl De-
pnrtmeizt, Oflcr of thc Chief Court
Admirzistvntor, Hnrrfovd, Con -
necticut.
4 15. Techno-Stress. Nothing in-
creases stress in an organization
more than introducing new
technology. This session
focuses on the causes and cures
for stress in today’s fast-paced,
dynamic court environment.
Participants will leave with a
greater understanding of how
to deal with job stress. 1 hour.
A1 Conner, Ilirectos of Dam Pro-
cessing, Administvntiiv Ofice of tht
Courts, Denver, Colorado.
4 Issues in Statewide Automa-
tion: The Thorns and the
Roses. Thc only thing clear
about the path t o statewide
court automation is that it is
not easy. The National Ccntcr
for State Courts is assessing
statewide automation to ascer-
tain the status of thcsc cfforts
across the country and to iden-
tify some of the issues that can
spcll the difference between
success and failure. This pro-
gram will rcvicw some of the
findings, conclusiolls, and rcc-
ommcndations resulting from
the project. 1 hour.
J. Doirglns Wnlker, Smior StnflAs-
sociate, Nntionnl Centerfor Stnte
Coirrts, Willinmsbiivg, Virginin.
117. Ergonomics and the Work-
place: Must It Be People Ver-
sus the Equipment and the
Environment? As we edge
toward the future of computer
technology, pcoplc will become
more sedentary on the job. By
designing work areas for opti-
mum flexibility, peoplc will bc
healthier and more efficient.
Employers should know their
obligations and liabilities in
providing work environnicnts.
When evaluating old oficc fa-
cilities or designing new oncs,
two factors should be ad-
dressed: workplace design
(equipment, location, and envi-
ronment) and pcoplc (visual
skills, auditory skills, work sta-
tion adjustability, health issues,
and training habits). 1 hour.
Ileborah Howell, Ohio Ilnta Net-
work, Department of Adrninistrn-
tise SenGccs, Columbus, Obio.
4 18. Innovative Applications of
Technology to Court Admin-
istration: “Call for Papers.”
In keeping with thc thcmc of
improving court management
through tcchnology transfer
and innovation, CTC 111 issued
a nationwide call for papers
that would describe how tcch-
nology could be uscd in a
novel fashion to improve somc
aspect of court administration.
The invitation was directed to
court employccs, academics,
people working for private-sec-
tor technoloby vendors, and
thc public a t large. In this ses-
sion, the authors of three note-
worthy submissions will presen
thcir papers and answer ques-
tions regarding how their de-
scribed technology could be
used in the court. 1 hour.
James R.Mnhe?; Senior StnflAttoi
ney, Nntionnl c‘entfrfor Stnte
Coir rts, A?7dosfr, Mnssn chirsens;
Koberr L. Womnck, Direcfoi, of
Computer Operations, Hale and
Dorr, Boston, Mnssachitsett;. I
z 19. Graphics & Statistics. Courts
have been automating data-
bases for quite a while; how-
ever, thc nccd to analyze thesc
data and prcscnt them appeal-
ingly is becoming increasingly
important. ‘l’his session will
evaluate various statistical and
graphical software packages
that can be uscd to analyze and
present routine and specially
collected court data. 1 hour.
John Goerdt, Senior StnflAttorne?,
Nntionnl Centcrfor Stnte Courts,
William s h ~ g Virginia
) .
420. Strategic Computing: What
Judges and Court Managers
Should Know About Long-
Range Technology Planning.
This session will providc judges
and court managers with con-
crete steps to ensure that the
information systems they are
dcvcloping use thc most appro-
priate technologies for the mis-
sion of the courts and the con-
stituents they serve. It will also
provide ideas on how court
leaders can better position their
courts to more readily adapt to
new technologies. The experi-
ciiccs of two states, Kentucky
and Virginia, will be contrasted
to providc court leaders with
different information systems
planning approaches and thcir
results. 1 hour.
Kathy I,. Mays, Dirfctor of Jridicial
Planning, Administrntii7e Ofice of
the Coirrts, Sirpremf Cowt of Vzr-
Jtnta, Richmond, Virginia; Don
Cetrirlo, Administrntive Director,
Admnistrntive O f i c e of the Coiirts,
Frankfort, Kentucky.
42 1. PC/Mainframe Cooperative
Processing (Showcase). As
computcr sohvare and hard-
ware advance in capabilities and
the people who use them ma-
ture in their use and demands
11
 for data and information sys-
tems, personal computer (I’C)/
mainframc cooperative process-
,c ing will become one of the
, J , , ~ . ~most
: critical factors i n succcss-
fill court applications. Coop-
erative proccssing entails
blending mainframe (large)
coniputers and personal coni-
puters with leading-edge net-
work, database, and application
software to furnish more cost-
effective solutions for courts.
Coopcrativc processing pro-
vides for the controlled and sc-
cure movement of data froni
and to each hardware platform.
It will provide the user with in-
tegrated court and associatcd
agency information on a
scripted on-line, transaction
basis as \vel1 as morc-sophisti-
cared batch file uploading and
do\vnloading. This session will
discuss concepts, tools, and ap-
plications of cooperative pro-
cessing in courts, using a live
PC/mainframe hook-up to
demonstrate how, for example,
I
I
standard ccntral database sys-
tenis can be tailored for the
needs of individual courts.
1 hour.
Jninrs R . Rrbo, Assistnnt llirrctnv)
An’niinis~ntiivOjficc of tbr
Cnirrts, Trrntnn, Nriii Jrrsey;
A rn nM Milk r, Mn ringrv, An’ni inis-
trntivr Officrof tbr Coirrts, Trriz-
tnn, Nciv Jersey.
422. Investigative Computing: A
Case Study in Automating
the Toughest Users. I n 1988
the New York County district
attorney’s office began auto-
mating intelligence gathering
in organized crime cases. This
scssion will review the life cycle
of the project, focusing on the
challengcs of designing and
iniplcnienting a 1’C application
for pcoplc who arc uscd to do-
ing things by hand. 13iscussion
will include how to gain sup-
port from thc funding agency
1 and reluctant users, to manage
programmers, and to
strengthen the prcscntation of
12
facts and evidence in court.
1 hour.
Mnvy Barnett, Mnnngev, Inforinn-
tion Ccntrv, Neal Yovk Coiinty,
District Anornry’s Office,
Ne17
Yovk, Nciv Yovk.
TRACK V: ADVANCED
TECHNICAL SESSIONS
50 1. Judicial Electronic Data In-
terchange (JEDI). JEDI will
revolutionize litigation and
bring about new approaches to
the adniinistration of justice.
It represents a pivotal develop-
ment in judicial autoination
and modernization. Electronic
data interchange (EI>I) is the
exchange of information in
computer-processable formats
that are largely standardized to
facilitate national and global
automation and coniniunica-
tion. ED1 has greatly bciicfited
busincss and governnicnt and
is now poised for irnplcnienta-
tion in state and federal judicial
systcms. Its bcncfits cxtcnd
beyond the judicial system,
however, to provide an auto-
mated link between the courts,
othcr govcrnnicnt cntitics, and
the private law office, thereby
expediting case processing, re-
ducing costs and errors, pro-
vidi ng ti in cly and meaningful
access to information, and ra-
tionalizing information flows.
1.5 hours.
Michnd s. h r m , (kinbridge,
Massachiisctts.
502. Artificial Intelligencc: (AI).
Artificial intelligence systems
are being implemented by
courts around the country. AI
offers tremendous potential for
improving the effectiveness,
consistency, and productivity
of the judicial branch. I n this
session, one state’s cxperience
with an AI implementation will
be examined. Explore the h-
turc of artificial intelligence
with pioneers of this exciting
.technology. 1.S hours.
Chris Elirkson, Infovrrintiori Systems
Analyst, Washington Admin i s m -
tiiv Officeof the Cniwts.
503. Court Database Structure
and Design Issues. Hundreds
of courts are involved in appli-
cation design projects at any
givcn time. Often staff con-
ducting these cfforts have no
knowledge of the work done in
other locations to solve similar
or identical problems. This
program will revicw important
information about the naturc
and structure of court infornia-
tion, including a checklist of is-
sues to watch for in designing
court applications. 1.5 hours.
Robert K . H o o ~ ~Piwidcnt,/CEO,
v,
HLP,lnc., l’vcscott, Arizona.
504. Data Communications. Data
coniniunications issues arc bc-
coniing more significant with
the increase of open systcnis
and integrated applications. Al-
most half of the statewide auto-
mation projccts i n thc country
also dcpcnd on reliablc coni-
m u n icati om tech no1OD. This
program will revicw key issucs
in data conim u n icati om, froni
local and wide area networks
through bridges, routers, X.25,
X I ’ / I P , frame relay, ISl)N, and
SONET. 1.5 hours.
Alan Andrr.ron, 1 4 N Rrsorrrccs of
A rizoiia, Ti4cso11,A rizona.
505. Downsizing. With the iniplc-
mentation of personal coni-
putcr networks, morc po\verhl
minicomputers, and ncw KISC-
based systems being introduced
by computer vendors, courts
can scriously consider
“downsizing” applications from
mai n frame conipu ters . 1-11is
session will exaniinc the bene-
fits and potential problems that
court system implementors can
anticipate. 1 hour.
Rnlen Yoshinngn, Diimtor of Data
Proccssirrg, Ad in irz istratiiw offlce
of
t h Coiwts, Snlt h k e City) Utah.
506. Modernizing Aging Systems.
Software has become the most-
expensive component of infor-
mation processing. Legislative
and procedural changes require
constant maintenance and rc-
evaluation to meet user needs.
This program addresses the
evaluation of existing systems,
replacement of old systems,
and options regarding tccli-
nologics and methodologies.
1 hour.
Jimmy Ray, Ilirrctor, Jirsticc Infor-
matioit Maitaficincirt ,Systcius,
Hoirston, Trxas.
507. Electronic Mail. ‘I’his session
will overview integrated mcs-
saging services for electronic
mail and electronic data inter-
change (EDI) using the intcr-
national X.400 standard, which
has been used by public elec-
tronic-mail providers and in
ofice automation software.
It can be integrated with fac-
simile, voice mcssaging, teles,
and other types of information
exchange. It also supports
niessagc encryption, nonrcpu-
diation ofdelivery, and other
robust security featiircs as well
as access to multi-vendor
X.500 clectronic directory scr-
vices. l’hc scssion will also dis-
cuss how integrated niessagiiig
may be used in advanced
courthousc coriimunicatioiis
networks of the fiiture.
1 hour.
Daniel J . BLiiin, OS1 Migrations,
Takoma, Maiyland.
TRACK VI: ORIENTATION
PROGKAMS
60I. Orientation to the Work of
Courts. Many CTC 111 partici-
pants may be new to the courts
or may have responsibility for
technology applications in
courts but do not actually work
for a court. This session will
help faniiliarize participants
with the important issues in
court administration, court or-
ganization, tcrminology, and and the basic vocabulary of
trends. Participants will be able technology. Plan 0 1 1 attending
to focus on how to use their this session if you are unfamil-
time at CTC 111 for maximum iar with inputs and outputs,
benefit. 1.5 hours. operating systems versus appli-
Dotglas K. Soinfrlot, Project Ilircc- cation programs, or the signifi-
tor, I , R I I J ~ ~Confirmre,
Y’S Amcrican cance of system responsc time.
Bar Association, Chicago, Illinois; Your questions about the dif-
Mark ZajJa ra no, Coiirt A dna in is- ferences in LANs, micros, minis
tvntov, Faivfa.u Cuiinty Civciiit and mainframes will bc an-
Coir rt, Fairjiu, Virginin. swered in nontechnical terms
and you will be able to con-
602. Computer Concepts for the sider how to make the best use
Court Professional. Because of your time at CTC 111.
many CTC 111 participants arc 1.5 hours.
relatively iicw to tcchnolog7, Mavy Lu Holtci; Scnior Adivsor
this session will offcr an oricn- on Admii?istratton,J i u t i c c , I R M ,
tation to computer concepts Raltz morc, Mai:dand.
LUNCHEON
SPEAKER
T exas native Thomas J.
Stovall, Jr., has had a
long and distinguished
career in the judiciary. Since
1983, hc has been presiding
judge ofthe Sccond Adminis-
trative Judicial Region in
Houston, Texas, and a senior
judge of the 129th Judicial
District, where he began his
judicial career in 1958. Re-
fore joining the bench, Judge
Stovall spent 10 years as an
attorney in the firm ofStovall, ThomasJ . Stoilall, JI:
O’Bryant, & Stovall.
Judge Stovall serves on several boards, including the
Texas Judicial Council, the National Conference of Met-
ropolitan Courts, and SEARCH Group, Inc. He currently
chairs the Court Technology Committee of the State Bar
of Texas. Judge Stovall is a former board member of the
National Center for State Courts (NCSC) and its Institute
for Court Management. He has been recognized with
several awards, including the NCSC’s Distinguished Ser-
vice Award ( 1989); the SEARCH Group’s 0.J . Hawkins
Award (1988); the National Judicial College’s Scrvicc
Award (1980);and many others. In addition, a junior
high school in Aldinc, Texas, bears his name.
Judge Stovall received a J.D. from the University of ,
Texas in 1948 and a B.A. from R m University in 1943.
13
INTERNATIONAL
Third National Court Technology Conference (CTC JII)
PROGRAM
he CTC I11 International
Program is an importanr
component of the confcr-
ence and highlights a growing
global interest in improved judi-
cial administration. Court pro-
fessionals from various nations
will be able to exchange ideas
and increase their understanding
of the problems other nations
face in judicial administration.
International participants will
learn how and where current in-
novations can help court admin-
istration and courtroom opera-
tions in the future. Finally, the
International Program will allow
visiting judges, administrators,
and scholars to learn about cur-
rent technology, creative adniin-
istrative procedures, and emerg-
ing technical innovations.
In addition, CTC 111’s Inter-
national Program is issuing its
own international call for papers
to promote a greater awareness
of innovative uses of technology
in many nations’ courts. Cash
awards for the top three papers
are $500, $300, and $200. For
more information on the CTC
111 International Program or for
rules and procedures for the in-
ternational call for papers, please
contact CTC 111 In t e r mtionnl
Program, Nntionnl Centcrfor
Stnte Courts, 300 Neivport Av-
enue, Willinwsbuw, Vn., 23187-
8798, (804) 253-2000, or fax
(804) 220-0449.
14
CALL FOR PAPERS
m w
Authors are invited to submit papers to thc ‘Third National Court Technology
Conference (CTC 111). I n keeping with the CTC 111 themc, “Improving Justicc
‘I‘hrough Innovation,” papcrs should address how a specific technology can
improve sonic aspect of court administration. Cash prizcs will bc awarded for
the bcst submissions. Selected authors will have the confercncc registration fee
waived and travcl expenscs partly rcimbursed so that they may prcscnt their pa-
pers at the conference. Selected papers will be published by the National Cen-
ter for State Courts in 1992.
l h e following guidelines will be used in revicwiiig and sclccting the
papers:
Reviewing panel. A panel of technology managers and educators sclcctcd
from courts, universities, and the private scctor will rcvicw the submissions.
The panel’s selcctions for awards will be final.
Format. Papers should not cxceed 20 double-spaced, typed pages. 13rcv-
ity is encouraged. The submissions should conform as ncarly as possible to the
following outline: 1. Statement of the problem. 2. Description of the tcchnol-
ogy solution, its implementation, and the organizational structurc. 3. Antici-
pated obstacles and how they can bc ovcrconic. 4.l’roposcd mcthods and
criteria to evaluate success.
Szj..ested participants. Papers may bc submitted by individuals working
for courts, acadcmic insLitutions, law firms, private-scctor tcchnology vendors,
or thc public. This invitation is directcd to individuals rather than groups and
organizations. Multi-author submissions will be considered if all the authors
are named. (If a multi-author papcr is selected for award and presentation,
only one author will reccive travel expenses and confcrcncc fce waivcrs. Thc
cash award for multi-authored papcrs can be shared by the contributing au-
thors.) National Center for State Courts employccs arc not cligiblc.
Topic. Papers must be related directly to case-proccssing activities in either
courts or clerks’ officcs, including recording events, scheduling, generating no-
tices, etc., as well as process-related functions, such as financial management,
records management, and statistical rcporting. Examples of topics that might
be of interest include laser disc and othcr image processing, electronic filing of
cases, clectronic data interfaces, or innovative iiscs of video technology.
Evalrintion criteria. Each paper will be reviewed by all panel members
for clarity of expression; degree of innovation (i.e., how obvious was the
application to a technologist reasonably skilled in court managemcnt); and
significance of the proposed solution to court administration.
Deadline. Papcrs must be submitted by December 1, 1991, to Jamcs R.
Maher, Senior Staff Attorney, Northeastern Regional Officc, National Centcr
for State Courts, 2 Dundee Park, Andover, Mass., 01810, (508) 470-1881.
Awards: 1st prize: $500, CTC 111 fee waived, travcl grant up to $500.00
2nd prize: $300, CTC 111 fce waived, travel grant up to $300.00.
3rd prize: $200, CTC 111 fee waived.
 PRIVATE-SECTOR
PARTICIPATION

D eveloping cooperation
between thc courts and
private-sector technol-
ogy companies is an important
part of CTC 111, which provides
many opportunities for partici-
pants to meet with companies
offering technological solutions
to court management prob-
lems.
Private-Sector Exhibit
On Thursday, March 12, and
Friday, March 13, the beautiful
Khmer Pavilion at the Loews
Anatole will be the site of a
two-day exhibition featuring
state-of-the-art technologies
and applications to improve
court operations. Exhibits will participants can learn more about companies and products of inter-
feature software and hardware est through these presentations.
products, legal research ser- . ”.
vices, records management Private-Sector Exhibition Participants
tools, court-reporting systems, The following are some of the companies that will exhibit their
video applications, and much products and services a t CTC 111.
more.
The exhibit will be open Atek Information Services, Inc. JALAN, Inc.
Thursday, March 12, from 9:OO Atkisson and Associates Manatron, Tnc.
a.m. to 8:OO p.m., and o n Fri- Aut on1ated Govern men t Mead Data Central (Lexis)
day, March 13, from 1O:OO Systems Minolta Corporation
a.m. to 6:OO p.m. The exhibi- 13.E.1. Communications, Inc. NDX On-Line Systems
tors will sponsor a reception Bull HN Information Systems, National Equipment Corpora-
during the extended evening Inc. tion of New Mexico
exhibition hours on Thursday, Choice Information Systems PRC
March 12. Court Vision Communications, Precision Contracting Services,
Inc. Inc.
Private-Sector Program Data West Systems R A D I X Corporation
Sessions Digital Equipnient Corporation Sentry Products, Inc.
To complement the exhibition, ECS, Inc. Stenocat, Inc.
special sessions will be held on EG&G Astrophysics Research SyDE Technologies, Inc.
Thursday and Friday afternoon Corporation Systems and Computer
from 3:30 to 4:30 and 4:45 to HLP, Inc. Technology Corporation
5:45, after the educational pro- IRM Wang Laboratories
grams are over. Conference INSLAW, Inc. West Publishing Company
Jefferson Audio Video Systems

I5
 THIRDNATIONAL
COURT TECHNOLOGY
CONFERENCE
COSPONSORS
The following organizations, through their cosponsorship of CTC 111, go on record as endorsing im-
proved applications of technology, enhanced cooperation between courts and other entities, and
continued enhancement of the justice system at all levels. Thanks to all cosponsors for their support
and encouragemcnt.

Confcrence of Chief Justices Association of Records National Association of State

(CCJ)
Conference of State Court
Administrators (COSCA)
National Association for Court
Management (NACM)
American Bar Association
(ABA)/Judicial Administration
Division ( J A D )
ABA Criminal Justice Scction
ABA/JAD Appellate Judges
Conference
ABA/JAD Committee on the
Traffic Court Program
AHA/JAD Lawyers’ Conference
ABA/JAD National Conference
of Administrative Law
Judges
ABA/JAD National Conference
of Federal Trial Judges
ABA/JAD National Conference
of Special Court Judges
ABA/JAD National Conference
of State Trial Judges
ABA/JAD/AJC Council of
Chief Judges
Administrative Ofice of the
U.S. Courts
American Association of Law
Libraries (AALL)
American Judges Association
PIA)
American Judicature Society
(AJS)
American Probation and Parole
Association
American Society for Public
. Ad ministration (ASPA)
iManagers and Administra-
tors (ARMA)
Council for Court Excellence
(CCE)
Council of State Governments
(CW
Federal Court Clerks Associa-
tion (E‘CCA)
The Federal Judicial Center
(FJC)
Forum on the Advancement of
Court Technology (FACT)
Institute of Judicial Administra-
tion (IJA)
International Association of
Clerks, Recorders, Election
Officials, and Treasurers
( IAClWXIT)
The Justice Research Institute
National Academy of Public
Administration (NAPA)
National Association of
Counties (NACO)
National Association of County
Kecorders and Clerks
(NACKC)
National Association of
Government Archives and
Records Administrators
(NAGAM)
National Association of Pretrial
Services Agencies (NAPSA)
National Association of
Prosecutor Coordinators
National Association of State
Information Resource
Executives (NASIKF,)
Judicial Educators (NASJE)
National Association of State
Telecommunications
Directors (NASTD)
National Association of Women
Judges (NAWJ)
National Bar Association,
Judicial Council
National Center for Automated
Inform ation Retrieval
(NCAIR)
National Child Support
Enforcement Association
(NCSEA)
National College of Probate
Judges (NCPJ)
National Conference of
Appellate Court Clerks
(NCACC)
National Conference of
Bankruptcy Clerks (NCBC)
National Conference of
Metropolitan Courts
(NCMC)
National Council of Juvenile
and Family Court Judges
National Court Reporters
Association (NCRA)
National District Attorneys
Association
National Governors’ Associa-
tion (NGA)
National Judicial College ( N J C )
National Judicial Institute,
Canada
SEARCH Group, Inc.

16
D allas promises a spec-
tacular setting for the
Third National Court
Technology Conference. The
city boasts great diversity and
variety, from the bustling
Farmer’s Market to posh
Neinian Marcus, from champi-
onship rodeo to magnificent
museums, from down-home
barbecue to fine French cui-
sine. Special events for spouses
and guests have been planned
and are described on page 20.
Looking for something to
d o before o r after the confer-
ence? There’s the West End
Historic District for shopping, dining, and enjoying thc nightlife,
and the Dallas Zoo and the Dallas Arboretum & Botanical Gar-
dens for enjoying the wildlife. The internationally acclaimed Dal-
las Symphony Orchestra, the Dallas Theatre Center and Theatre
Three, and the Dallas Museum of Art attract more than
1,000,000 people annually. Dallas boasts over 50,000 acres of
parks, 1 9 7 playgrounds, 250 tennis courts, and more shopping
space per shopper than any othcr city in the country. It has more
restaurants pcr capita than New York, so you won’t go away
hungry.
The Dallas Convention and Visitors Bureau will be happy to
tell you more about Dallas and help you plan your trip. Write to
them at 1200 Elzn Strcct, Siritr 2000, Dnllns, Tcxns, 75270, or call
(214) 746-6700. You can also call the 24-hour Special Events
Info-Line at (214) 746-6679 for up-to-date information on sports,
theatrical events, festivals, concerts, exhibits, and other special
events in and around Dallas.
WHERE HORSES C A N FLY
17
 AND TRAVEL
HOTEL INFORMATION

F ive hotels provide a range service, and exercise room at n o additional charge. 2150 Market
of prices and amenities for Center Boidernrd, Drrllns, Texas, 75207, (214) 653-1166
CTC I11 participants. The
h e w s Anatole Hotel will serve 4. Holiday Inn Market Center has one restaurant, the
as headquarters for CTC 111. Sundowner Lounge, complimentary coffee and newspapers in the
The other hotels are within easy hotel lobby each morning, and complimentary van service to Love
walking distance. This area is Field Arport. 1955 Market Center Bowlennrd, Dnllns, Texas,
approximately 30 minutes from 75207, (214) 747-95.51.
the Dallas/Fort Worth airport
and 2 miles from downtown 5. Quality Hotel has a restaurant serving complimentary conti-
Dallas. For information on res- nental breakfasts and moderately priced dinners, a lounge and pi-
ervations, please refer to the ano bar, and complimentary transportation to and from Love
Hotel Reservation Form on Field Arport. 201.5 Market Center B o d e r a r , Dnllns, Texas,
page 23. 75207, (214) 741-7481.

1. h e w s Anatole Hotel
features 2 atrium high rises, a
27-story tower, 8 restaurants
and lounges, a private 7-acre
park, 3 swimming pools, and a
$12,000,000 world-class spa
and sports center (additional
feej’. 2201 Stemnzons Freeway,
Dallas, Texas, 75207, (214)
748-1200.

2. Stouffer Dallas Hotel

showcases the. world’s largest
chandelier (with 7,500 Italian
Triadri crystals). The hotel has
540 guest rooms, 2 restaurants,
a lobby bar, a complimentary
health club located o n the roof-
top, and complimentary
Mercedes-Benz limousine ser-
vice within a five-mile radius of
hotel. 2222 Stemnzons Freeway,
Dallns, Texas, 75207, (214)
631-2222.

3. Marriott Courtyard has a

casual restaurant and lounge,
in-room con~plin~entary coffee

18
 Supershuttle
Transportation to and from the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is available through Supershuttle. A one-
way trip to or from the airport costs $10.50 per pcrson. Registered participants will rcccivc an information packct (con-;.
taining coupons worth $1.00 off Supershuttle farcs) in February. When you arrivc a t the Dallas/Fort Worth Intcrna-
tional hrport, claim your baggage and go to the Ground Transportation Board in the baggage claim area. Dial 02 or
(817) 329-2020 for instructions on wherc to board Supershuttle.
Advance registration is required if you are arriving a t Love Field Airport (call [800] 648-7051 or [817] 329-2000).
When you arrive, claim your baggagc and go to the Courtesy Phone Board in the baggagc claim area. Press the button
for Supershuttle or call (817) 329-2025 for instructions on where to board.
The Locws Anatole hotel has a SuperShuttlc Information and Reservations desk for your assistance while in Dallas.
SuperShuttle also providcs frcc daily service to a local shopping mall.

5uper5huttle
Aitpod Ground Transpodation Systez

American Airlines and Budget Rent-A-Car

American hrlincs, the official CTC 111 air carrier, is offcring a special Meeting Saver Fare for those attending thc confer-
ence. Participants receive a 40 percent discount off round-trip, unrestricted day-coach fare for travcl within the U.S.A.;
5 percent off the lowest applicablc round-trip fare, subject to availability; a 5 percent discount for round-trip first-class
travel; and 35 percent off the round-trip, unrestricted day coach fare for travcl from Canada. All fare rules and restric-
tions apply. Reservations must be made seven days before departure to secure the 40 percent discount, and travel dates
must bc between !March 8 and 18.
To make rcservations, call American Axlines from 7:OO a.m. to midnight (central time) seven days a week at (800)
433-1790 and specify Star File #S-O1324S, or provide your travcl agent with this information. (Atterztion exhibitors:
air freight to thc conference receives a 20 pcrcent discount off second-day door-to-door rates.)
Budget Rent-A-Car, the official conference car rental service, also offers a special Conference rate for CTC 111. Amcri'
can Airlines will make your Budget Kent-A-Car reservations. Use the phone number and Star Filc number given abovc.

A
AmerlcanAirlines'
The Srnart Money ison Wt:

Travel Arrangements
Colony Travel, the official Conference travcl agency, can assist you with travcl arrangements. Call (800) 828-6432 be-
tween 9:OO a.m. and 5:OO p.m. (eastern time) and ask for Barbara or Shirley. Colony Travel will use American Airlines
and Budget Rent-A-Car or make arrangements most convenient for you. (Colony Travel, P.0. Box 1972, Williamsburg,
Va., 23187.)

Look to the Dallas Directory for messages, reservations, free passes

The Dallas Directory information tablc will be in the conference registration area at thc h e w s hiatole hotel. The I M a s
Directory will also serve as the conference's message ccnter, receiving incoming calls and posting messages on a message board.
Dallas Directory can also help you make restaurant rcscrvations. You can make advance reservations or visit the Dallas
Directory table after you arrive and view menus from various restaurants. To make rcscrvations in advance for a largc group,
call (800) 375-DINE and leave your daytime tclcphone number.
Participants will receivc a preconfercnce-planning package three to four wceks before the conference begins. The
package will contain the message center's telephone number, complimentary nightclub passes, SupcrShuttle discount
coupons, dining discounts, and more.

19
 SPOUSES PROGRAM
AND GUESTS

s pomes, guests, and families

of CTC 111 participants are
welcome in.Dallas!
Spouses and guests should be
registered so they can receive a
CTC 111 nametag and attend so-
lights downtown Dallas’s distinctive buildings and fountains and visits the West End
Historic District, a restored fornicr warehouse district that now houses 83 shops and 55
restaurants and is a center of nightlife. The tour concludes with a visit to thc Dallas Mu-
scum of Art, where the collection ranges from ancient civilizations and thc Renaissance
to Impressionism and Modern Art.

2. Fort Worth: Cowboys and Culture Tour

cial events. See the registration
form for fees. A special hospi-
tality room will be set up for
spouses and guests to meet,
relax, and get more information
on what to see and do.
Tours
Through the Yellow Rose Touring Com-
pany, CTC 111 is offering three hosted
tours for spouses and guests. Arrange-
nicnts and payment for the tours should
be handled directly with Yellow Rose on
the form provided.
1. Dallas Landmark Tour
Thursday, March 12, 1992,
1 :oO p.ni.-5:Oo p.m.
The tour begins with a visit to Dealey
Plaza, where President John F. Kennedy
was assassinated in 1963. The Sixth Floor
Exhibit inside the Texas School Book De-
pository includes displays and video pre-
sentations on President Kennedy’s life,
Friday, March 13, 1992,9:00 a.n1.-2:00p.m.
Your Yello\v Rose tour guide will entertain you on the way to Fort Worth by teaching
you t o “talk l e s a n ” and telling you the history and legends of the city where the West
begins. Fort Worth’s cultural district offers several world class museums, including the
Kinibcll Art Museum, featuring works from the beginning of civilization to the early
twentieth century, the Anion Carter Museum, with 150 ycars of American art, and the
Fort Worth Museum of Modern Art, housing an exemplary selection of twentieth-ccn-
tury paintings, sculptures, and drawings. Imicli is Tex-Mcx fare at the legendary Joe T.
Garcia’s. After lunch, go back to the Old West in the Stockyards National Historic Dis-
trict, where !’o11 can visit several famous attractions, shop, or just browse.
3. Bargain Shopping Tour
Friday, March 13, 1992, 1:OO p.m.-4:00 p.m.
The shopping tour starts with a visit to Inwood Trade Center, known for its fantastic
bargains. Expect to save 30-70 percent on clothing, jewelry, purses, and fashion and
home accessories from 16 vendors, including Terry Costa, Crate & Barrel, Accessory
Mart, Vantage Shoes, and Shoe Fair. Your Yellow Rose host and shopping expert will
guide you to the best bargains. The next stop is the Western Outlet. Here you will find
boots, clothing and accessories a t discounted prices-the perfect spot to pick up western
souvenirs.
Note: Advance registration deadline is February 28, 1992. On-site registratio11 for
tours will be available as space permits. The CTC III Special Tours arc the sole resporzsibil-
ity of Yellow Rose Touring Company. Yellow RQSC has the rbht t o c a n r d any t01w ifthe
r i i i i i i i i i i i n i iirrnibrr is not rrict. No m*cjiinds)ranccllntions, or c.dmnBts b~h1mr1 torrrs.

Third National Court Techriology Conference (CTC 111) Hosted Tours

Name: -. -~ - Daytime Phone: -

Address:
City, State, Zip:- .- ~ ~

Please specify the number of tour participants.

Dallas Landmarks -@ $26.00 each = $- - i

(Includes transportation, tour guide, and admission at Sixth Floor Exhibit.)

Fort Worth: Cowboys and Culture .
- @ $38.00 each = $ -__
(Includes transportation, tour guide, lunch, tax and meal gratuity.)
Bargain Shopping _ _ @ $20.00 each = $ - -
(Includes transportation and expert-
- shopping guide.)
Payment Method: Check Enclosed L l Visa/Master Card (only}
Card Number: - Expiration Date:
Signature: ~

Please return to:

Yellow Rose Touring Company
Attention: Danielle Michalski
1950 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 2046 Dallas, Texas 75207 (214) 746-3780
20
s
i

REGISTRATION
FORM

-.
Luncheon on Thursday, March 12

--
Address:
I - - - ---- - - - -I Reception sponsored by exhibitors
City, State, Zip
- -. - - - - - - -- - - -
Telephone: Fax: I Please indicate which fiinctions you plan to
I attend so we can make the necessary reservations.

exhibition, conference materials, indicated meals, and rcceptions.

Early Registration $425 On-site Registration $550

I and Thursday evening reception ($25).

I C L ,I Registration $495
I (1~eceInber1, 1991-hf~vch
1, 1992) Name ofGuest: .- .- -. -
I
group discount.
I

- .
for State Courts (mail to Nntionnl Centerfor
Stnte Courts, 300 Newport Ave., Willinmsbiirg,
1 Same addrcss as above
Vn.,23187-8798, Attention: CTC III r]Diffcrcnt address as noted below:
Registration .) -
--- - - I

- -
Please print the information -
I
you would like to appear -- - - -- - - - ---- -- - -
011 your nanictag. - - -- -- - -_
Please chcck thc position titlc that most closcly matches your job.

I 0Appellate court judge (aj) 1Probation officer (po)

u Trial court judge (ti) Vendor F ~ Iregistration
I (vt) rAExhibitor only (ve)
0Court administrator (ca) 3 Consultant (co)
0Court staff member (cs) a NCSC(~~)

I -1
MIS/tcchnology director( md)

I_ -I MIS/technology staff (ms)

1 Court reporter (cr)
i
I
Have you preregistered for the conference? r y e s m N o Are you a faculty member? hes
(If you answer yes to either question, you still need to fill out and return this registration form.)
No

1 Please indicate your registration number: .

- -
~

-. - - __ - I 21
 PROGRAM
EDUCATIONAL SESSIONS
To help us determine the final schedule and room assignments, please check the ten educational
program sessions you are most interested in attending.
TRACK I: EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
101. Elcctronic Data Inter-
change (EDI)
102 Artificial Intelligence
103. Text/lhta Storage and
Iietricval
104. Executive Information
Systems (Els) in the
Courts
105. Data-Capture Tcchnolgies
106. Handwriting liccognition
as a Data-Entry Tool
107. Multimedia Programs
__108. Voicc liccognition
- 1 1 1. Smart Card Technologies
TRACK 11: APPLICATIONS
- 201. Trafic Court Technology
(Sho\vcase)
- 202. Criminal Systems
203. Tcchnology Used in
Noncriminal Casctypes:
Tricks, Trends, and
Tradition
_ _ 204. Child Support Technology
205. Design Principlcs for
Juvenile Court Infornia-
tion Systems
- 206. Appellate Court
Technology
- 207. Personal Computer
Applications for Judges
- 208. ARA Minimum Standards
Judicial Work Station
- 209. Inrcrnational Projects:
Improving Judicial Perfor-
mance with Modcrn
Tcchnology
- 2 IO. Judicial Chambcrs of the
Futurc
21 1 . Role of Jtldgcs in Tcchnol-
ogy Projects
- 2 12. Court Public-Access
Systems
2 13. Using Today’s Technology
to Enhancc Pretrial and
Probation Supenision
- 2 14. Court Records Managc-
mciit in the 90s: The
Promise and Reality of
Information Managemcnt
22
_ _215. Court Law Library - - 409. Options for Funding
Automation Tcchnology
410. lntcgratcd Justicc Systems
- 216. Jury Systeni Automation -
- 217. Intcgrated Financial and - 4 1 1. Tcclinology Acquisition
Case Management Systems - 4 12. Training to Use
- 218. Technology for thc Rural Technology
Court - 4 13. Education and Training
- 219. Making an Impact o n with and for lcchnology
Drug Use from the Bench - 415. Techno-Strcss
Through Effcctive Usc of - 416. Issucs i n Statcwide Auto-
Drug Tests mation: The Tlioriis and
the lioscs
- 4 17. Ergonomics and the
TRACK 111: EXISTING Work Place: Must I t Re
TECHNOLOGIES I’eople Versus the Equip-
- 301. Voicc Systems ment and tlic Environ-
- 302. Iniaging Technology in
ment?
tlic Courts, Now and in -4 18. Innovative Applications of
the Future lcchnology to Court
Administration: “Call for
- 303. Bar Coding
- 304. Video in the Courthouse Papcrs”
(Showcasc) - 4 19. Graphics and Statistics
- 305. Touch-Screen lcchnology - 420. Strategic Computing:
What Judgcs and Court
- 306. Court Security Technology
- 307. Presentation of Scientific Managers Should Know
Evidcncc About Long-1Lngc
Tcchnology Planning
- 308. Hand-Held Data-Entry
Ikviccs - 42 1. PC/Mainframc Coopera -
Court-rcporring Tech- tive Proccssing (Showcasc)
- 309.
nologies (Showcase) - 422. Investigative Computing:
A Casc Study in Automat-
- 310. Telecoiiinii~nications
- 311. l:as/Courts in the Fax I m e ing the Toughcst Users
TRACK IV:MANAGEMENT TRACK V: ADVANCED
TOOLS, MANAGEMENT TECHNICAL SESSIONS
ISSUES, & HUMAN FACTORS -501. Judicial Elcctronic Data
Interchange ( J E D I )
- - 401. Project Management for
Court Tcchnology - 502. Artificial Intclligcncc ( A I )
. - 402. Managing Tcchnical Staff - 503. Court Databasc Structurc and
403. Coping with tlic Human Design Issucs
Factor in Managing - 504. Data Communications
Technological Change in - 505. Downsizing
the Courts - 506. Modernizing Aging Systcnis
- - 404. Court Automation - 507. Electronic Mail
Projccts: Keys to Succcss
405. Expectation Management
- TRACKVI: ORIENTATION
- -406. Privacy and Public Access
PROGRAMS
(Showcasc)
- 407. Designing Facilities for - 601. Orientation to the Work of
Technology Courts
-408. Security and Disaster . - 602. Computer Conccpts for thc
Rccove~ Court Professional
7“
ir

1
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23
 I '

Send this form to:

CTC 111 Housing Bureau
1201 Elm St. -
Suite 2000
Dallas, TX 75270
 CTC I11 REGISTRATION CHECKLIST
Have you have completed the following?

a Hotel reservation form (send to the Dallas Housing Bureau)

INFOMAKT interest card (send to INFOMART)
Conference registration form (send to National Center for State Courts)
7 (Complete the registration form even if you have pre-registered.)
C Indicate sessions and events you would like to attend
Register for your spouse o r gucst ($125 fee for guests attending the receptions,
I7 banquet, and luncheon)
I-- Registration form for Yellow Rose tours for spouses and guests (send form
_ ,
with payment to Yellow Rose Touring Company)
1-
I _ Arline reservations (American Adines, Star File #S-0 1324s)
Ground transportation (Supershuttle, car rental)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many generous people in thc court community and the private sector have helped plan, dcsign, and promote the Third
National Court Tcchnology Confcrcnce. Without the ideas, encouragement, timc, and encrgy contributcd by advisors
and faculty, a national court technology conference of this scope would not bc possible. We can’t mention cvcryone who
contributed to this effort by name, but wc would like to give special recognition and thanks to the following.

National Ccnter.for. State Courts Advisory
Contmime on Tcchnology
Kent Ratty, Court Administrator,
Detroit, Mich.
Alan Carlson, Assistant Director for
Court Scrviccs, Sail Francisco, Calif.
Hon. Chester R . Chance, Chief Judge,
Gaincsvillc, Fla.
AI Conncr, Director of Data Proccssing,
Dcnvcr, Colo.
Shcila Gonzalcz, Executive Oficcr/
Clerk, Vcntura, Calif.
iMary ~McQuecn,State Court Administrator,
Olympia, Wash.
Hon. Charlcs H . I’elton, Judgc of thc
District Court, Clinton, Iowa
William C. Vickrey, Statc Court
Administrator, Salt Lake City, Utah
Hon. J . R. Zcpkin, Chief Judgc, 9th
Judicial District, Williamsburg, Va.
Conferencr of State Court Administrators
(COSCA)/National Association for Ckurt
Management (NA CM) Tcchnology Committee
COXA
Mary McQuccn, Chair, Statc Court
Administrator, Olympia, Wash.
Don Ccuulo, Administrative Director
of the Courts, Frankfort, Ky.
Dr. Hugh M. Collins, Judicial
Administrator, New Orlcans, La.
Sue K. Dosal, Statc Court Administrator,
St. Paul, iMinn.
Thomas D. Gcracts, Statc Court
Administrator, l’icrrc, S.D.
Gordon IM. Griller, Administrator,
Phoenix, Ariz.
Robert C. Harrall, Dcputy Adminisuator,
Providence, R.I.
Robert 11. Lipscher, Administrative
Dircctor of the (:ourts, ’l‘rcnton, N.J
Kenneth I’almer, State Court Administrator,
Tallahasscc, Fla.
Larry Polansky, Alcxandria, Va.
Francis J . Taillefcr, Administrator of
Information S c n k c s , Raleigh, N.C.
NACM
Kent Batty, Chair, Court Administrator,
Dcrroit, JMich.
Jcffrcy IM. Arnold, Administrativc
Director, Chicago, Ill.
Shcila Gonzalcz, Exccutivc .Oficcr/
Clerk, Vcntura, Calif:
Gordon IM. Griller, Administrator,
I’hocnix, Ariz.
Alan Slater, Exccutivc Officer, Santa Ana, Calif.
Rob Wcsscls, Court Manager, Houston,
Tcx .
Forum on thc Advancement of Chrt
Technology (FACT)
Victoria Cashman, Mead Data Central, Cnchniv
Chief Justice Robert Stephens, Kentucky,
Cochair
Charlcs Fcrrcll, Vicc Prcsident,
Southeastern Regional Oficc, NCSC
StateJwtice Inztitute
Hon. C. C. Torbcrt, Jr., Forincr
Chairinan
H o n . iMalcolin M . l.ucas, Chairitinn
H o n . James Duke Cameron,
Cnnfercncc of CIirf‘Jtrsrircs Rrprcscntntivc
Carl F. Hianchi, Corifcvencc o/Stnte Court
A dvz i n isrrn f n rs R cprcsen tat ivc
David I . Tcvclin, E*.ccutiiv Ilircctor
Phillip Toclkcs, Project Maita~cv f o r crc 111
National Centerf o r State Coulls
Larry 1.. Sipcs, I’vcsidcnt
Gcoff Gallas, Fnvmcr Vicc Prcsident,
Resfarch and Techwcnl Sri7Gccs
Harvey Solomon, Vice Prcsident,
Institute for Court MamJenzcnt
Wil!iamsbvrg, VA 231 87-8798
Dear CTC I11 Participant:

Q uality,” “foresight,” and “accountability”

are terms that arise with increasing frequency in
discussions of government. These concepts, once
reserved for the private sector, have migrated to the public
sector, where they may well change perspectives regarding
government and behavior within government. Many state and
local judicial systems have already begun to respond through
h t u r e s commissions, performance measures, community out-
reach, and other programs.
The National Center for State Courts and many other orga-
nizations, such as the State Justice Institute, have supported
these responses. This conference is part of that support. What
evaluation of quality, foresight, or accountability in the courts
would be complete without an assessment of how the explosion
in technology can improve court capabilities? What could assist
courts more than assessing technology as a resource?
These questions may not have been the ones that prompted
you to join us for this important conference. But I invite you to
think about them as you consider the abundant information that
has been gathered both for your enrichment and the enrichment
of our justice system.

Larry L. Sipes
President, National Center for State Courts
Dear CTC I11 Participants:

W elcome to Dallas and the Third National Court Technol-

ogy Conference.
In these difficult, belt-tightening, budget-reduction times
we need to search for ways to d o our jobs in the most economi-
cal and efficient fashion. Technology and innovation hold great
promise for cost savings and cost avoidance and CTC I11 offers
more than 125 separate sessions on affordable and
implementable technology and innovative court applications.
For those of you who have already embarked on technology
projects, and in an effort to help you get the best “bang for the
buck” from your existing technology investment, many of the
educational program sessions explore how you can do more with
the technology you already have.
O n Wednesday you have an opportunity to visit the famous
and unique Dallas INFOMART and participate in several special
programs by state-of-the-art tcchnology vendors. Wednesday
evening’s opening banquet and keynote speech by Daniel Burrus
should energize all of us to learn as much as possible at CTC 111.
In addition to the program session on Thursday and Friday you
can see the latest hardware and software available for courts and
the legal industry at more than 100 exhibit booths in the Khmer
Pavilion.
Saturday’s plenary session, “The High-Tech Court” will
show, through a technology-supported stage presentation, just
how the integration of technologies presented at the conference
sessions and in vendor exhibits could operate today and will op-
erate in the “high-tech” court of the 21st century. Select the
sessions you attend carefully and wisely and your investment in
this conference will bear excellent fruit.
Thank you for joining the National Center for State Courts, .
the State Justice Institute, and the fifty-three cosponsoring orga-
nizations in the challenge of “Improving Justice Through
Inn ova ti on .”

Larry Polansky
Conference Director
I
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 Third National Court Technology Conference
March 11-15,1992
Schedule at a Glance
Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday,
March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14 March 15

MORNING MORNING MORNING MORNING

Rcgistration Registration Registraion Plenary Session: CTC 111 Wrap-up/

9:OO a.m. to 6:OO p.m. 8:OO am.-6:00 pm. 8:OO a.m.-6:00 p.m. "The High Tech Focus on CTC N
CQUtP 9:OO a.m.
InfoMart Bus &gins Exhibit Open Exhibit Open Chantilly Ballroom CbantiUy Ballroom
Service 9:OO a.m. 9:OO a.m. to 11:30
11:OO am. Khmer Pavilion 1O:OO a.m. a.m. CTC III Adjourns
ChantiUy Ballroom 11:OO am.
Entrance Program Scssions Program Scssions LUNCH ON OWN
8:30 am. to 11:45 a.m. 8:30 a.m.to 3:30
p.m.
LUNCHEON
Keynote Speaker: LUNCH ON OWN
Judge Stovall Program Scssions
CbantiUy Ballroom Continue

AFTERNOON AFTERNOON AFTERNOON AFTERNOON AFTERNOON

InfoMart Program Exhibit Open Exhibit Open Special Meetings, Have a slfe Trip
12:30 p.m. to 5 0 0 Program Sessions until 6:OO p.m. Association Meetings. Home1
p.m. 1:15 p.m. to 3:30 pm. or Free Time
Program Sessions
Introduction to Exbibitor Propun until 3:30 p.m.
Technology and Scssions
Courts Scssions 3:45 p.m. to 6:OO pm. Exhibitor Program
1:OO p.m. to 2:30 pm. Scssions
3:OO p.m. to 4:OO pm. 3:45 p.m. to 6:OO pm.

EVENING EVENING EVENING EVENING EVENING

Opening Reception Exhibitors' Reception Enjoy Dallas! Enjoy Dallas! Scc You at CTC N
I
6:OO p.m. Khmer Pamk'on
CbantiUy Foyer 6:OO p.m. to 8:OO pm.

Banquet
7:OO p.m.
CbantiUy Ballroom

Keynote Splrcr:
Daniel Burms
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Schedule Infomnation and Notes

WEDNESDAY THURSDAY

Registration opens at 9:OO a.m.
Buses for InfoMart will leave from the entrance to the
Chantilly Ballroom Entrance beginning at 11:OO a.m.
and will continue running throughout the day. The
InbMart orientation and program sessions begin at
12:30 p.m.
Detailed schedulc of educational program and exhibi-
tor sessions appears on the next page.
Exhibition reception starts at 6:OO p.m. in the Khmer
Pavilion.
FRIDAY

Introductory Scssions on Tcchnology and Courts:
Scssion 601: Orientation to the Work of Courts
Flew-de-Lis, 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. and 3:OO p.m.-
4:30 p.m.
Session 602: Computer Concepts for the Court
Profcssiond
Rosetta, 1:00 p.m.-2:30 p.m. and 3:OO p.m.-4:30
p.m.
Detailed schedule of educational program and exhibi-
tor sessions appears on the next page.
SATURDAY
"Thc High Tech Court" will begin at 9:OO a.m. in the
Chantilly Ballroom.

Opening reception starts at 6:OO p.m. in the Chantilly SUNDAY

Foyer.
Thc CTC I11 Wrap-Up/Focus on CTC IV will start
Opening banquet and kcynotc address by Daniel at 9:OO a.m. in the Chantilly Ballroom.
Burms,starts at 700 p.m. in the Chantilly Ballroom.

Special Notes
Lounges: Lounges for spouses, guests, and international visitors are in the Jade Room. Details
on the spouse/guest tours scheduled for Thursday and Friday will be available in the lounge.

CTC 111 Faculty Preparation Room is in the Inverness Room.

Media Room is in the Peridot Room.

The Dallas Directory in the Tower Mezzanine Information Booth can help you with restau-
rant reservations.

Williams Limo is available throughout the conference for evening transportation as well as

e airport shuttle service.

 Educationaland Exhibitor Program Schedule by Time and Room

e ROOM
Fleur-*Lis
Wednesday, March 11,1992
1:00-230 3:00-4:30
601-Orientation 601-
to courts Orientation to
courts
Rosetta 602-Computer 602-Computer
Concepts Concepts

- - March 12,1992
Thursday,
8:3G10:00 10:15-11:45 12:00-1:00 1:15-2:15 2:30-330 3:45-4:45 5:00-6:00
Monet 302-Imaging in 203-Noncriminal 42GStrategic 212-Court Public- 701-Mead
courts casetvpes Computing Access Data Central

Metropolitan 304court- 304-Video in 4ot-Project 104-EIS 702-Jefferson

Reporting Courthouse Management Audio video
Systems
Miro 103-TeXt/Data -
108 Voice 208-ABA Min. 107-lulultimedia 703-Data 715-Omni-
Storage Recognition Standards Programs West Systems Tech
Systems, Ltd
Moroca, 421-PC/Mainframe -Database 305-Touch- 412-Training to 704-AtMsson 716-Supply
sbucture Saeen Use Tech. and Assoc., Tech. Inc.
Inc.
102-AI 303-BarCoding 705-
StenoCAT
210-Judidal 502-AI 706-Systems
chambers and Computer
Technology

e Cardinal 403-Coping -Coping lO&Handwriting 4l&lssues in

Recognition Statewide
Carp. (SCT)

707-Digital
Equipment
Automation Corporation
4040ptions for 404-Court 7O&Manatron,
FinancialSystems Funding Automation Inc.
Projects
Fleur-&+Lis 214-Court Records 4lGlntegrated 21 1-Role of 408-Security 8 704Wang
Management Justice Systems Judges Disaster Laboratories,
Inc.
JVyeth 308-Hand-Held 2O&Appellate 407-Designing 507-Electronic 710-1011 Track
Devices Court Fadlities Mail Instruments,

dadrid 31l-Fm 306-CoUrt *Data

IRE.711-INSLAW,
I
Security Inc.
I I I
alique 216-Jury System 2oeChiW 102-Managing 1415Techno- 171PPredsion 1
Support Contracting

AG
i 413 - Education & 215Law Library
Training wnor Communi-
Technology cations
Ailan 5O&Modemizing
Aging Systems
207-Personal
22GCriminal
Disposition
310-
I
117-Ergonomics 505Downsizing
%stems
hral

e Computer for
Judges
Telecommun-
ications
 Educational and Exhibitor Program Schedule by Time and Room

Friday, March 13,1992 I

8:3&10:00 10:15-11:45 12:Wl :00 1:15-2:15 230-330 3:45-4:45 5:00-6:00

Monet 302-Imaging in 203-Noncriminal 20% 420-Strategic 212-Court Public- 717-1M
Casetypes International Computing Access Public Sector
Projects Industry
Marketing
Metropolitan 304court- 304-Video in 418-Call for 401-Project 104-EIS 702-Jefferson
Reporting Courthouse Papers Management Audio Video
Systems
103-TexM)ata 108-voice 422- 20&ABA Min. 107-MulCmedia 718-CHOICE
Storage Recognition Investigative Standards Programs Information
Computing Systems, Inc.
Morocco 421-PCIMainframe WDatabase 305-Touch- 412-Training to 714ATEK
Structure Saeen Use Tech. Information
Services, Inc.
Rosetta 202-Criminal 301-Voice 205-Juvenile 102-AI 3OSBarCoding 720-
Systems Systems Informatjon Stenograph
Systems Legal
I
Services
Obelisk 201-Traffic Court 101-ED1 105- Data 210-Judicial =-AI 1721-HOK
Chambers Architects,
Engineers,
Planners
Cardinal 213-Using Todays d l 1-Technology 106-Handwriting 416-lssues in 722-
Technology Acquisition Recognition Statewide Stenograph
Automation
Batik 217-lntegraled 501JEDl 404-court 723-SabW
FinancialSystems Automation Systems and
Projects Service
Fleur-*Lis 214-Court Records bl0-lntegraled 307-Scientific 211-Role of WSecUrity & 724-NOrlh
Management Justice Systems Evidence Judges Disaster Communi-
cations/ Long
Beach Muni

wem 308-HanckHeld 407-Designing

Devices FadliUes Information
Svstems
dadrid 31l - F a ~ 50dEta 405-Expectation 726-state
Communications Management Shorthand
Reporting

-- I
alique 216-Jury System 415-Techno-
Stress
ding 4lSEducation & !1BLaw Ubraty 111-Smart Card 21ERural Court 727-
Training wflor
Technology
dilan

bral
506-Modemizing
Aging Systems
207-Personal 310-
WDownsizing

414Qraphics &
I I
Computer for rdecommun- statistics
Judges cations
%antilly Ballroom WPAPA
I I
 Educational and Exhibitor Program Schedule by Session Number

Session Session Title Room Daymime

Number
101 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Obelisk T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
102 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Rosetta T 01115-02115
F 01:15-02:15
103 Text/Data Storage and Retrieval Miro T 08:30-10:00
F 08:30-10:00
104 Executive Information Systems (EIS) Metropolitan T 02:30-03:30
in the Courts F 02:30-03:30
105 Data-CaptureTechnologies Obelisk F 12~00-01
:OO
106 Handwriting Recognition as a Data- Cardinal T 01:15-02:15
Entry Tool F 01:15-02:15
107 Desktop Multimedia Programs Miro T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
108 Voice-Recognition
- Technology
-.
Miro T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
111 Smart Card Technologies Ming T01:15-02:15
F 01:15-02:15
201 Traffic Court Technology Obelisk T 08:30-10:00
F 08:30-10:00
202 Criminal Systems Rosetta T 08:30-10:00
F 08:30-10:00
203 Technology Used in Noncriminal Monet T 10:15-11:45
Casetypes: Tricks, Trends, and F 10:15-11:45
Tradition
204 Child Support Technology Lalque T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
205 Design Principlesfor Juvenile Court Rosetta F 12100-01:OO
Information Systems
206 Appellate Court Technology Wyeth T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45

207 Personal Computer Applications for Coral T 08:30-10:00

Judges F 08:30-1O:OO
208 ABA Minimum Standards Judicial Miro T 01:15-02:15
Work Station F 01:15-02:15
209 International Projects: Improving Monet F 12:OO-01:OO
Judicial Performance with Modem
Technology
210 Judicial Chambers of the Future Obelisk T 01:15-02:15
F 01:15-02:15
211 Role of Judges in Technology fleur de-Lis T 01:15-02:15
Projects F 01:15-02115
212 Court Public-AccessSystems Monet T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
213 Using Today's Technology to Cardinal F 08130-10:OO
Enhance Pretrial and Probation
Supervision

,
 Educational and Exhibitor Program Schedule by Session Number

Session Session Title Room Daymime

Number
214 Court Records Management in the
90s: The Promise and Reality of
Fleurde-Lis T 08:30-10:00
F 08:30-10:00
0
InformationManagement
215 Court Law Library Automation Ming T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
216 Jury System Automation Lalique T 08~30-1O:OO
F 08:30-1O:OO
217 Integrated Financialand Case Batik T 08:30-10:00
Management Systems F 08:30-10:00
218 Technology for the Rural Court Ming T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
219 Making an Impact on Drug Use from Batik F 12:OO-01:OO
the Bench Through Effective Use of
Drug Tests
220 Criminal Disposition Reporting Milan T 10:15-11:45

301 Voice Systems Rosetta T 103 5-11145

F 10:15-11:45
302 Imaging Technology in the Courts, Monet T 08:30-10:00
Now and in the Future F 08:30-10:00
303 Barcoding Rosetta T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
304 Video in the Courthouse Metropolitan T 10:15-11:45

305 Touch-Screen Technology Morocco

F 10:15-11~45
T 01:15-02:15
0
F 01:1!3-02:15
306 Court Secunty Technology Madrid T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
307 Presentationof Scientific Evidence Fleurde-Lis F 12:OO-01:OO
308 Hand-Held Data-EntryDevices Wyeth T 08:30-10:00
F 08:3O-10:00
309 Court-reportingTechnologies Metropolitan T 08130-10:OO
F 08:30-10:00
310 Telecommunications Coral T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
311 Fax/Courts in the Fax Lane Madrid T 08:30-10:00
F 08:30-10:00
401 Project Management for Court Metropolitan T 01115-02115
Technology F 01:15-02:15
402 Managing Technical Staff Lalique T01:15-02:15
F 01:15-02:15
403 Coping with the Human Factor in Cardinal T 08130-10100
Managing Technological Change in T 10:15-11:45
the Courts
404 Court Automation Projects: Keys to Batik T 02:30-03:30
success F 02:30-03:30
0
 Educational and Exhibitor Program Schedule by Session Number

Session Session Title Room Day/Time

Number
405 Expectation Management Madrid T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03~30
406 Privacy and Public Access Chantilly F10:15-11:45
Ballroom
407 Designing
- - Facilitiesfor Technology
-.
Wyeth T 01:15-02:15
F 01:15-02:15
408 Securiiy and Disaster Recovery fleurde-Lis T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
409 Options for Funding Technology Batik T 01:15-02:15
F 01:15-02:15
410 Integrated
- Justice Systems Fleurde-Lis T 10:15-11:45
F 10:15-11:45
411 Technology Acquisition Cardinal F10:15-11:45
412 Training to Use Technology Morocco T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
413 Education and Training with and for Ming T 08~30-1O:OO
Technology F 08~30-1O:OO
415 Techno-Stress Lalique T 02:30-03:30
F 02~30-03130
416 Issues in Statewide Automation: The Cardinal T 02:30-03:30
Thorns and the Roses F 02~30-03~30
417 Ergonomicsand the Workplace: Milan T 01:15-02:15
Must It Be People Versus the F 01:15-02:15
Equipment and the Environment?
418 InnovativeApplications of Metropolitan F 12:OO-01:OO
Technology to Court Administration:
"Call for Papers"
419 Graphics & Statistics Coral T 02:30-03:30
F 02~30-03:30
420 Strategic Computing: What Judges Monet T 01115-02115
and Court Managers Should Know F 01:15-02:15
About Long-RangeTechnology
Planning
421 PCMainframe Cooperative Morocco T 08:30-1O:OO
Processing F 08:3O-10:00
422 Investigative Computing: A Case Miro F 12:OO-01ZOO
Study in Automating the Toughest
Users
501 Judicial Electronic Data Interchange Batik T 08130-10:OO
(JEDI) F 10:15-11:45
502 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Obelisk T 02~30-03130
F 02:30-03:30
503 Court Database Structure and Design Morocco T 10:15-11:45
Issues F 10:15-11:45
504 Data Communications Madrid T 01:15-02: 15
 Educational and Exhibitor Program Schedule by Session Number

Isession Session Title Room Daymime 1

Number
505 Downsizing Milan T 02:30-03:30
F 02:30-03:30
506 Modernizing Aging Systems Milan T 08130-10100
F 08130-10:OO
507 Electronic Mail Wyeth T 02:30-03:30

601 Orientation to the Work of Courts Fleurde-Lis W 01:OO-02130

W 03100-04130
602 Computer Concepts for the Court Rosetta W 01:00-02:30
Professional W 03:00-04:30
701 Mead Data Central Monet T 03:45-04:45

702 Jefferson Audio Video Systems Metropolitan T 03:45-04:45

F 03:45-04:45
703 Data West Systems Miro T 03:45-04:45
I 704 Atkisson and Associates, Inc. Morocco T 03:45-04:45
I
I 705 StenoCAT Rosetta T 03:45-04:45
I
706 Systems and Computer Technology Obelisk T 03:45-04:45
c o p . (SCT)
707 Digital Equipment Corporation Cardinal T 03:45-04:45

708 Manatron, Inc. Batik T 03:45-04:45

0
709 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Fleurde-Lis T 03:45-04:45

710 Ion Track Instruments, Inc. Wyeth T 03:45-04:45

711 INSLAW, Inc. Madrid T 03:45-04:45

I 712 Precision Contracting Services, Inc. Lalque- T 03:45-04:45

I
I 713 B.E.I. Communications Ming T 03:45-04:45
I
714 Cheetah Systems Milan T 03:45-04:45

715 Omni-Tech Systems, Ltd. Miro T 0500-06:OO

716 Supply Tech, Inc. Morm T 0500-06:OO

717 IBM Public Sector Industry Marketing Monet F 03:45-04:45

718 CHOICE Information Systems, Inc. Miro F 03:45-04:45

 Educationaland Exhibitor Program Schedule by Session Number

Session Session Title Room Day/Time

Number
719 ATEK Information Services, Inc. Morocco F 03:45-04:45

720 Stenograph Legal Services Rosetta F 03:45-04:45

721 HOK Architects, Engineers, Planners Obelisk F 03:45-04:45

722 Stenograph Cardinal F 03:45-04:45

723 Sabre Systems and Service Batik F 03:45-04:45

724 North Communicationdong Beach Fleurde-Lis F 03:45-04:45

Municipal Court
725 Adaptive Information Systems Wyeth F 03:45-04:45

I 726 State Shorthand Reporting Service Madrid Fo345-0445

I
I 727 CaseBase Ming F 03:45-O4:45
I
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Hotel Overview

T he beautifid h e w s Anatole Hotel, the site of the Third National Court Technology
Conference, is among the largest hotels in the world. This brief orientation will help you
become familiar with the layout and comfortable with your surroundings.
The hotel has two distinct parts-the Tower and the Atrium. You should also become
familiar with the lobby, mezzanine, and third levels of the hotel so you can easily find any room
in which conference sessions and activities are taking place. You will also want to locate the
park, the pool, the sports center, shopping promenade, and the numerous restaurants the hotel
has to offer.
The h e w s Anatole Hotel prides itself on its large collection of art and antiquities-me of
the largest collections ever assembled for an American hotel. The pieces range fiom the 2nd
century B.C. to the present day. Tours and a brochure describing the collection are available-
check with the concierge for information.
Locations for CTC I11 program sessions, exhibition, and other activities are shaded in the
following diagrams.

Conference Registration Desk: Lobby Level, Atrium I1

e Conference Exhibition:
Program Sessions:
Plenary Sessions:
Third Level, Khmer Pavilion
Mezzanine Level, Tower, and Atrium
Tower Lobby Level, Chantilly Ballroom
e
Atrium-Lobby Level
(and Khmer Pavilion)

- '\I- U

LOBBY LEvn

0
 Mezzanine Level

I
Tower Lobby Level
h)
I
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Edmntional Pro~ramOverview

he Third National Court Technology Conference is hosting the largest group of

1 court professionals and technology specialists convened during the last four years. The
educational program is based on the experience of two previous national technology con-
ferences, the Institute for Court Management of the National Center for State Courts’ technol-
ogy workshops, the recommendations and advice of technology and management experts at the
trial and appellate court level, court management consultants, and representatives from the pri-
vate sector.
We have tried to arrange the schedule for the greatest number of sessions and to appeal to
many special interests. The following paragraphs describe some of the special features of the
CTC I11 educational programs. Pick your sessions wisely, and have a great conference!

Seven tracks
CTC I11 is designed to satifi the needs of a variety of groups, including judges, court
managers, technical staff, and vendors. To accommodate the needs of these groups, seven
tracks are offered in the educational program.

1 Emerging Technologies (100-series sessions) examines new technologies currently

employed in the private sector and their applicability to court processes and procedures.
2 Court Applications of Technologies (200-series sessions) presents sessions that de-
scribe information system technologies designed around specific casetypes and court
functions.
3 Existing Technologies (300-series sessions) offers programs that will demonstrate and
present various technologies currently used in courts.
4 Management Tools, Management Issues, and Human Factors (400-series sessions)
focuses on issues related to the successful implementation of court automation projects.
5 Advanced Technical Sessions (500-series sessions) are designed specifically for the
technically-oriented attendees who need time to discuss the more technical aspects of
automation issues-these sessions are not designed for the technology newcomer.
6 Special Orientation Programs (600-series sessions) are designed for participants who
work for the courts and need a basic introduction to computer concepts, as well as new
court employees, technical support staff, or private-sector personnel who do not work for
the courts but require a basic orientation to the court operations.
7 Exhibitor Programs (700-series sessions) complement the CTC 111 exhibition. Exhibi-
tor program sessions will be held on Thursday and Friday afternoons after the educa-
tional programs (from 3:45 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. and 5:OO p.m. to 6:OO p.m.). Conference
participants can learn more about the companies and products of interest through these
presentations.
All educational sessions are 60 or 90 minutes long and include limited lectures, demonstra-
tions, and hands-on experiences when possible. Generally, sessions will begin with an outline of
learning objectives, then will describe the technology and its court-related applications; discuss
its costs and benefits; suggest reading materials; and provide information about sites where the
technology is operational. When applicable, faculty have been encouraged to address the
relevance of technology to the Trial Court Performance Standards and the Americans with
Disabilities Act.

Specially for judges

Each of these seven tracks has a variety of sessions that cover major subtopics. The program
offers many sessions of interest to judges, including but not limited to #207-Personal Com-
puter Applications for Judges; #208-ABA Minimum Standards Judicial Work Station; #209-
Improving Judicial Performance with Modern Technology; #21O-Judicial Chambers of the
Future; and #211-Role of Judges in Technology Projects.

Hands-on sessions
Three sessions involve hands-on computer work in a lab housing 20 personal computers.
Each of these sessions will be offered twice. These sessions are #207-Personal Computer
Applications for Judges; #31O-Telecommunications; and #419--Graphics and Statistics. Each
of the six offerings will accommodate 40 participants a t the computers. Based on past experi-
ence with these workshops and the demand indicated on the preconference preference surveys,
these sessions are likely to be substantially oversubscribed.
’
To provide as many participants as possible with an opportunity to attend one of these
hands-on sessions, we need to limit the number of times you can participate in one of these
hands-on sessions to one time only. The sessions will be divided into two sections-ne sec-
tion for those who will be using the personal computers, and a second section for spectators. A
ticket will be required to gain access to the section using personal computers. These tickets can
be obtainedfiom CTC I n staffat the Conference Rgistration Desk. Participants will be re-
0
stricted to only one ticket, and tickets will be distributed on a first-come/first-served basis.
Participants who are unable to obtain tickets may attend any of the sessions as spectators, listen
to the instruction, and return to the lab to use the computers when no sessions are scheduled-
these hours will be posted on the lab door. Your cooperation in these sessions is greatly
appreciated.

Closing plenary: “The High Tech Court”

The conference will culminate with the a plenary session featuring the “high tech court.”
This live-action stage show is designed to illustrate the integration of technologies in the judicial
process in three scenarios. It promises to be an interesting and entertaining experience.

Fadty
Faculty for the CTC I11 educational sessions represent the bench, private sector, court
management, technical support staff, university/research community, consultants, and other
court practitioners. These seasoned presenters have worked on court technology projects and
have experience in making effective presentations. Their expertise combined with that of par-
ticipants who actively participate in these sessions will contribute to an outstanding conference.
0
 TRACK I: EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
0 IOI. Electronic Data Inter-
change (EDI). Courts,
attorneys, law enforcement
officials, probation officials,
and corrections officials may
all have different types of
computer systems, yet they
must communicate with each
other. The world of com-
merce has also ficed this
problem and is using ED1 to
solve it. large companies
such as GM, Ford, Wal-Mart,
and Scars are implementing
ED1 systems for the thou-
sands of smaller companies
with which they deal.
Perhaps we in the legal
community can learn some-
thing fiom their efforts. This
session will explore ED1
standards and applications in
the commercial workplace
and discuss the current effort
in developing judicial ED1
standards. 1.5 hours.
Just Aldmon, Supply Tab,
E k t v o n i c Data Intcrcban,c,
Ann Arbor, Mirhigan.
102. Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Court decisions involve a
large number of fictors, all
with complex interactions.
As a result, outcomes are
often inconsistent. Com-
puter-assisted decision
making may help courts
reduce the inconsistenaes-
especially in the areas of risk
assessment (such as sentenc-
ing or bail), differentiated
case management, and
scheduling. Artificial intelli-
gence, also known as knowl-
edge-based systems, has a
long history in the private
sector. This expcri- ence
could help courts adapt somc
technologies (primarily
sofiware dcvclopment) to
help with complex court
management practices and to
reduce equal protection
violations. 1 hour.
Dennis Mm’tt,AI Corp.,
Waltham, Massachurctts.
103. Text/Data Storage and
Retrieval. As courts become
inundated with filings, court
records and orders, tran-
scripts, and requcsts for
access, information manage-
ment will continue to be an
important and pressing
challenge. This session will
describe, explain, and
demonstrate such technolo-
gies as CD-ROM, imaging
and text-retrieval databases,
and OCR/IR software and
will discuss futurc directions
for these technologies. 1.5
hours.
C. LRpir Tippctt, Rcgional
Information I3.om’dm Manap,
Maad Data Central, Dayton,
W O .
1 0 4 . Executive Information
Systems (EIS)in thc
Cows. The amount of data
available through computers
that is critical to the manage-
ment and operation of the
courts has become over-
whelming. Our ability to
create delivery systems that
can turn data into relevant
information has been q u a -
tioned. Executive informa-
tion systems (EIS) are
gaining wide use in the
private sector and could go a
long way toward making
access to intuitive informa-
tion possible. This session
covers the concepts and
approaches used in EIS.
1hour.
Dough F. McCarrmy, Prodvct
Managn; L&htShip Division,
Pilot Eutwtivc SoMarc, Boston,
Massachwcta.
‘05. Data-Capture Technolo-
gies. Optical imaging,
intelligent character recogni-
tion (ICR), optical character
recognition (OCR),and
intelligent workstation
technologies are used to
process insurance claims,
loans, mortgages, checks,
and many customer service
functions. These technolo-
gics have definite potential
for court applications.
1 hour.
Dave Matucn, Recopition
Equipment, Dallas, Texas.
106. Handwriting Recognition
as a Data-Entry Tool.
Many computers can now
recognizc printed handwrit-
ing, opening doors to
computers for those who
have never felt comfortable
with a keyboard. Many
applications have emerged to
make pen and display
technology the most impor-
tant innovation of the past
years. Grid Systems has
pioneered and implemented
this technology into a 4.5-
pound, grid-pad, hand-held
computer. The technology
will be demonstrated, and
participants will be encour-
aged to discuss possible
court-related applications.
1 hour.
Bob Taylor, Sr. Marketing
Rcpcrcntativc, GRID S ~ r n
Corporation, Dallas, Tuas
107. Desktop Multimedia
Programs. Desktop multi-
media refers to using micro-
computers to create and
distribute communications
enhanced with audio and
video. The combination of
voice, sound, images, full-
motion video, and animation
is a powerful tool for movihg
through data to information,
knowledge, and finally to a
decision. This scssion will
 demonstrate the basic
technology, emphasizing its
associated costs and ease of
use and focusing on how
multimedia applications can
support the courts. 1 hour.
H a y Lcocrette, Information
Resources Coordinator, H a w k
County Cn'minaf Court,
Houston, Taus.
108. Voice-Recognition Tech-
nology. No single tcchno-
logical breakthrough has .
more promise for automating
our courts than the ability to
speak to your computer and
have it translate the spoken
word into text information.
This type of technology has
existed for almost 10 years
and was spurred by a need of
some people for hands-free
I
computing. This session will
explain some amazing new
breakthroughs in productiv-
ity and efficiency of voice
recognition, demonstrate
Marine Corps are just two
organizations currently using
smart card technology.
Smart cards have potential
court applications in areas
such as security, criminal
histories, and fine and child
support payments and
histories, among others.
This session will demonstrate
smart card technology and
evaluate potential court
applications. 1 hour.
Gerald Hubbard, Director of
Marketing, Microcard Tcchnokyy
Inc., Dalhs, Tcxa.~
TRACK 11: COURT APPLICA-
TIONS OF TECHNOLOGY
20 I Traffic Court Technology.
Expensive, high-volume
traffic court operations have
enlisted the aid of many
technological tools. This
session will focus on how
such technologies as auto-
systems, computer-supported
differentiated case manage-
ment, image-processing,
video arraignment, remote
access, Fdcsimile, video
0
recording, and bar-coded
data entry and file control.
1.5 hours.
Frcden'cL K.Ohlrich,A s n h n t
Court Adminimator, Los
A ~ e Municipal
L Court, Los
Aqgcks, C a f i f m i a .
Technology Used in
Noncriminal Casetypes:
Tricks, Trends, and Tradi-
tion. A growing number of
technologies and techniques
are improving the manage-
ment of noncriminal coum.
This session will focus on
automated systems, placing
special emphasis on the use
of personal computers and
personal computer network
in cascflow management and
differentiated case manage-

I
current capabilities, and
discuss future developments
and voice-recognition
technology's possible use for
data entry, the court record,
and simultaneous translation.
1.5 hours.
Dan l%ompson, Saks Repruenu-
tivc, Kol Vox Incorporated,
Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
I 1 1. Smart Card Technologies.
Smart cards are secure,
portable data carriers. While
current applications are very
exciting, potential applica-
tions are virtually limitless.
The smart card is now being
used in North America fbr
debit cards, physical and
logical access control,
electronic benefit transfer
(EBT),and cryptographic
processing. The U.S.
Department of Agriculture's
Peanuts Buying Point
Program and the U.S.
mated case management
systems, imaging systems to
manage citations, bar-
mcnt, courtroom administra-
tive data input (CADI),
remote access and remote
0
filing, image processing and
coding techniques, hand-
management, facsimile
held computers to prepare
transmission, and legal
and proccss tickets, clec-
research to move the judge's
tronic transfer of data ( k . ,
caseload. The presentation
for state reporting) and
will demonstrate how
funds, integration of cash
integrating various tcchnolo-
registers with the automated
gics can incrcase efficiency
case management system,
and decrease costs.
and voice-response systems
are all being used to support
1.5 hours.
traffic COUM. 1.5 hours. F. Dab K a s p a d , Jr., Court
Administratvr, Stark Cwnty
Ed Gund, Senior Vice Prm'dmt, Court of Common Pbas, Canton,
Lockheed Information Manage- abi0.
mtnt Snoices Company,
Washington, D.C.
204. Child Support Technology.
Child support enforcement
Criminal Systems. Crimi-
has become a national
nal courts have benefited
priority that affects courts,
from a variety of tcchnolo-
criminal justice agencies, and
gies. This session will focus
social services agencies. This
on the following technolo-
session will focus on tcchnol-
gies as they relate to pro-
ogy support for the child
cessing criminal cases:
automated case-processing
support operations. Topics
will include automated case
0
 filing and tracking; child
support guideline calcula-
tions; accounts receivable;
voice-response systems;
collection strategies through
technology; electronic funds
transfer (EFT);integration
with paternity establishment,
custody, and divorce data;
and enforcement support
through CSENET (Child
Support Enforcement
Network), which is being
developed by OCSE.
1.5 hours.
Ray Raina'Ue, Child Support
Enficcmcnt, Adminismativc
Ofice ofthe Courts, Trmmn,
Ntrp Jersey.
205. Design Principles for
Juvenile Court Informa-
tion Systans. The unique
information needs of a
juvenile court must be
considered in designing its
information system. Systems
must support the juvenile
court's operational and
management needs and also
function within the general
mal court and the social
service agencies, with which
the court is required to share
information. 1 hour.
Hunter Hunt, Director,
National CcnterfiJuvmilc
]1u1I'ce, Pittsbnr& Pmmylva-
nia.
206. Appellate Court Technol-
ogy. Although several state
appellate courts, federal
circuit courts of appcal, and
the U.S.Supreme Court are
making rapid innovations in
court technology, thosc who
are trying to implement the
new systems are being
assailed by numerous prob-
lems. This session will
demonstrate or discuss
several of these appellate
court support systems,
including docketing and case
management, issue tracking,
electronic opinion dissemina-
tion, imaging systems,
library systems and electronic
legal retrieval, rcmote filing
and access, management-
repomng systems, voice-
based systems, communica-
tions and local area networks,
and expert systems. 1.5
hours.
P e m Horvath, Deputy State
Cvurt Adminimator for
Information Sytems and
Proflam Support, Tallahasrcc,
Florida; Jamw R . Donovan,
Director of Data Sytems, U.S.
Supreme Court, Washington,
D.C.;]ohn M. Grcaccn, Clerk,
U.S.court of
Appeals, 4th Circuit, Richmond,
Virginia.
207. Personal Computer Appli-
cations for Judges. This
session will allow the pamci-
pant to hear about, see, and
use the most recent personal
computer software and
hardware for judges. Be-
cause the number of personal
computers available in the
classroom is limited, there
will be a limit of 40 pamci-
pants per session. After each
scssion, some of the applica-
tions shown will be distrib-
uted on diskettes for the
pamcipants' personal use.
1.5 hours.
David L Pharw, Prtsiding
Ju& Gilbert Municipal Court,
Gilbert, Ariwna; R. Ryan
Rcinbold,]u~@e, lakzsiak,
Ariw~.
208. ABA Minimum Standards
Judicial Work Station.
This scssion will present the
work of the Technology
Committee of the State Trial
Judges Conference of the
American Bar Association/
Judicial Administration
Division over the past four
years to develop a baseline
for a judge's personal-
computer work station.
Hardware, software,applica-
tions, and options for system
expansion and connectivity
will be included. 1 hour.
Richard B. Kln'n, Judje, Court
of Common Pleas, Philadelphia,
Pentuylvania.
209. International Projects:
Improving Judicial Perfor-
mance with Modem
Technology. This presenta-
tion will review how judges
use technology in their day-
to-day activities. The
demonstrations will show
how judges can increase
accuracy, productivity,
efficiency, and effectiveness
at various judicial levels. The
presenters will suggest
opportunities and pitfalls that
every judge should recog-
nize. 1hour.
K. Peter Richard,]um'ce,
Supreme Court of Nova Scotia,
Hatifm, Nova Scotia; William
R. McMahon, Judje, Municipal
Court, Fostoria, WO.
2 10. Judicial Chambers of the
Future. A "chambers of the
future" project in the U.S.
Dismn Court in Dayton,
Ohio, demonstrates a major
new attempt to create an
automated and integrated
judicial chambers and achieve
office efficiency through
applied business technology.
The system uses state-of-the-
art personal computers, local
area networking, a graphical
user interfsce, and the latest
office automation support
software. It provides ad-
vanced communications,
document storage and
remeval capabilities, fic-
simile, and electronic mail.
Emphasis is on an automated
chambers, work group
environment, and the
 capability for timely ex-
change of information
between the court, attorneys,
and litigants. 1hour.
Victoria S. Gashman, Marketing
Mana5cr, Courts, Mud Data
Central, Dayton, W o .
21 1. Role of Judges in Technol-
ogy Projects. Teamwork is
214. Court Rccords Manage-
csscntial to developing
succcssful court technology
applications. Judges play an
important role in the procesS.
This scssion will discuss that
role and explore some
project casc histories.
1 hour.
ChumB. Chance, ~ c f J u d ~ e ,
8thJudicial circuit, AIatkva
County, Gainwpilk, Fla'da.
2 12. Court Public-Access
Systems. The public's and
the legal community's
remote access to state and
federal court computer
databascs is expanding
rapidly. This session will
focus on the uscfulncss of
these Systems and the issues
raised by the easy availability
of court databases. 1 hour.
Richard D. FenncU and Michael
Greenwood, Adminimativc
office of the U.S. Courts,
Washington, D.C.
213. Using Today's Technology
to Enhance Pretrial and
Probation Supervision.
The challenges ficing premal
services and probation
departments have never been
greater. Today's ofinders
are more involved with
drugs, more prone to
violence than ever before.
The many benefits of a
partnership between pretrial
services and probation
programs will be dixusscd,
with emphasis placed on the
role of technology in i n b m -
ing judicial decision making
and expanding the options
for community supervision.
1.5 hours.
Jay Caner, Director, D.C.
Prem'al SCrmcuAgc"cy,
Washington, D.C.; Ahn M.
Schnman, Director, Social
Scrm'cu, Supm'or Court,
Washington, D.C.
ment in the 90s: The
Promise and Reality of
Information Management.
Creating and implementing a
statewide mal court records
management program has
many pitfalls, both conccp-
tual and practical. This
session will explore strategies
for building consensus
among operator and user
groups and show how
rccords management plays a
vital role in establishing
standards for a technology-
oriented state court. This
scssion will also discuss the
effects on the budget of
integrating high-tech with
low-tech solutions as well as
practical problems of and
solutions to managing
information
recorded o n high-tcch
media. 1.5 hours.
David Bubicr, CRM, G u r t
Records Analp, Director of State
Courts, Madison, Wisconn'n;
Jamu E. Kcky,jurigc, Dimict
Court of Scott County, Davm-
port, Iowa.
2 15. Court Law Library Auto-
mation. This scssion will
discuss how and why auto-
mation can improve the
management and services of
a court law library in areas
such as acquisitions, serials,
material routing, inventory
control, catalog acccss, and
rcscarch tools. The scssion
will also cover a succcssful
library automation project.
1.5 hours.
Shirley David, Director, Satra-
mcnto County LRWLibraty,
Sacramento, California.
2 16. Jury System Automation.
0
Jury management has bene-
fited from several tcchnologi-
-
tal advances. This scssion
will explore jury system
support, such as using lasers
to generate bar codes for
forms and mailers, which
reduce costs and can be
scanned for rapid input of
juror information, check-in,
and payment. The session
will also describc PC support
of telephone call-in and
automatic dialing systems.
State support of mal court
jury operations, such as list
merging and forms genera-
tion, will also be discussed.
Finally, a checklist of auto-
mation areas subject to legal
challenge will be presented.
1.5 hours.
Tom Mututcrman, Senior Staff
Asociatc, National Gntcrfor
State Courts, Arlingcorr,
0
Virginia; Philip S. Brrton,
Dircctur of Data ~ o c ~ * n 5 ,
Supm'w Court, Waslington,
D.C.
217. Integrated Financial and
Case Management Systems.
The busincss of courts is to
process and manage cascs
and related financial transac-
tions. Modern cast manage-
ment systems should be
tightly joined with financial
accounting and management
systems to allow judges and
court managers to monitor
(1) financial obligations for
active and disposed cascs;(2)
the receipt and disposition of
fees, court costs, fines, bail,
bonds, restitution, and other
case-related funds;and (3)
trust or ' t g i s a y funds. This
xssion will outline the
csscntial features and func-
0
tions of such svstems. the
 benefits for court managers,
and ways to design, develop,
and implement such systems.
1.5 hours.
Kn'tb L. Bumned, Praidcnt,
Resource Management laboram-
riu, Inc., Boulder, Gdorado.
2 18. Technology for the Rural
Court. This session will
explore the technology
available for and in use by
smaller courts with limited,
resources. The emphasis is
on getting started and
planning for the hture, as
well as on specific tcchnolo-
gies related to storage and
access to data, financial
reporting, and case manage-
ment 1 hour.
0.John Kumhold, Ju&c, 12th
Judicial M c t , Alamoso,
Colorado.
2 19. Making an Impact on Drug
Use from the Bench
Through Effective Use of
Drug Tests. Drug testing is
a proven deterrent to drug
w. But the capabilities and
limitations of the existing
technologies must bc
understood by judges and
judicial administrators fbr the
tests to be effcctivc. This
workshop will examine the
technologies and methods
w d by judiaal and corrcc-
tional systems to test criminal
offknders. Topics include
current technologies, accu-
racy and reliability issues,
false positives and cross-
reactions, false negatives,
adulteration and tampering
with samples, and the use
and need of confirmation of
initial tests. 1 hour.
JcfqA. Koncclc, Training ana
TechnicalAssistance ConsultanE,
Centerfor Law andJ.m'cc,
Counn'l of State Govmmen~,
,?kington, Kentucky.
220. Criminal Disposition
Reporting. One of the
criminal justice system's
highest priorities is the
creation of comprehensive
databascs of case-disposition
information. This session
will review the findings and
recommendations of a
national task force that
recently studied problems in
reponing dispositions to
state criminal history reposi-
tories. Other court-related
programs of the Bureau of
Justice Statistics will also be
discussed.
Carol G. Kaplan, Assistant
Dcputy Director, and Bernard E.
Shiplc); Criminal Histwy Ruord
Infmmation hopam Director,
Bureau ofJum'cc Statistics,
Washington, D.C.
M C K 111: EXISTING
ECHNOLOGIES
301. Voice Systems. This session
will explore ways the courts
can use voice-processing
technology to help them
meet today's challenge of
doing more with less. The
scssion will address the
benefits of voice technology,
including delivering informa-
tion to the general public,
providing services 24 hours
per day, freeing courts from
using valuable resources on
repetitive or routine transac-
tions, and eliminating
"telephone tag." The sessior
will include an ovcrvicw of
three voice technologies
(audiotex, messaging, and
transactional IVR) and
explain the flow of informa-
tion from the caller to the
system or agent and back
again. 1.5 hours.
Raleigh D. Wilron, l)rrutor,
Sah, Voice Products Group,
SIMPACT, San ngo, e k f i r -
nia.
102. Imaging Technology in the
Courts, Now and in the
Future. Imaging technology
is well established in a wide
variety of government and
business organizations such
as courts, land records
offices, sccretarics of state,
governor's offices, police
departments, hospitals,
insurance companies, and
banks. The session will
describe how imaging can
improve service and generate
revenue. Organizational and
technological issues will be
emphasized as courts move
to imaging both within the
court and among the court
and its constituents (law
firms, jail and corrections
officials, prosecutors, public
defenders, and other criminal
justice agenda). This
session will include a demon-
stration of imaging intc-
grated with a case managc-
ment system, electronic mail,
voice, Fdx, and pen-bascd
systems. 1.5 hours.
Stcvc Bard& Sen& Manager,
Govmment Applications, Wang
Laboratmk, Inc., h e l l , Mnrra-
ChuZtta.
Bar Coding. This session
will demonstrate and discuss
court applications of bar cod-
ing for tracking files, manag-
ing juries, entering docket
data, processing traffic tick-
ets, and collecting statistics.
An evaluation of the existing
uses and consideration of ad-
ditional uses of bar- coding
techniques will also be in-
cluded. 1 hour.
Jerry L Short, QULNDECA,
Nata, California.
304. Video in the C o u r t h o u s ~ .
The video age has come to
court! Remote arraignment
and testimony, making of the
I
court record, mal through
prerecorded video, video
conkrenang, training, and
public information and edu-
cation are all video applica-
tions being applied in courts.
This scssion, in a replicated
courtroom, features voice-ac-
tivated video cameras, micro-
phones, vidco-recording ma-
chines and monitors, for a
tour of courts that use video
for a variety of purposes.
Key technical, cost, organiza-
tional, legal, and political fic-
tors needed for each applica-
tion will be highlighted.
1.5 hours.
Thomas S. HorLon, Esquire, Atb-
ens, @io; Judith Cunningham,
Court Administrator, 6tbJudi-
cial Circuit, Pontiac, Michigan;
H a y Sc>mour Crump, Ju&e,
Mental Healtk Dipin'on, 4th Ju-
dicial Circuit, Minneapolis, Min-
nesota; J a w L McCrystal,
Ju&, Sand*, Ohio; Don
Mettm, Bm'dmt, Court Vision
Communications, Inc., Thousand
O&, C a k f m i a .
305. Touch-Screen Technology.
Touch-screen computers are
a fixture in big a t y hotels
and shopping malls, directing
uscrs to scMces, restaurants,
attractions, and transporta-
tion. In Colorado, a touch-
screen system provides public
information on small claims
court and child support mat-
ters. The courts have barely
touched the potential o f in-
teractive computers for pub-
lic information. This scssion
will explore that potential
and prcscnt the latest infor-
mation on new multimedia
touch-screen techniques us-
ing text, data, voice, graph-
ics, and video. Rcccnt brcak-
throughs have made these
systems casicr to develop and
implement. 1 hour.
M a 9 Sbm*Ll,Systms Analyst,
Administrative mcie of the
Cvurt~,Denver, Colwado.
306. Court Security Technol-
ogy. In today's courts, the
fear of terrorism and violence
is on the mind of cvery judge
and court administrator.
Courts arc using magnetom-
eters, x-ray devices, mail
screening, emergency alarm
systems, video monitoring,
and computer-assisted secu-
rity devices to help ensure
the safety of the public and
the court. Demonstration
and discussion will acquaint
participants with new equip-
ment and help them decide
the appropriate level of secu-
rity technologies for their
courthouses. 1.5 hours.
Dong Fiqgerald and Rob W m
Hansm find Mc)ln; Orlando,
FImida
309. Court-reporting Technolo-
307. Presentation of Scientific
Evidence. Science has in-
vaded the courthouse with
technological advances such
as DNA "fingerprinting" for
proof in paternity, criminal,
and sometimes avil actions.
Computer source books
promise a translated informa-
tion world for the judicial
system. Computer modeling
and animation have bccn
used in civil cam to show
how an event occurred.
Meta-analyses may require
no expert witnesses and
prcscnt no ex par&commu-
nications problems. Ex-
amples of the presentation of
such saentific evidence will
be followed by discussion of
the issues raiscd and the cur-
rent legal status of such evi-
dence. 1 hour.
FranMin M.Zwn>, hfasor and
Director, B o p a m for Health
Science &Law, Gmgetown Uni-
vm*ty, Washington, D.C.
308. Hand-Held Data-Entry
Devices. Entering informa-
tion into a computer systcm
quickly, accurately, and eco-
nomically has always bccn a
major challenge. Hand-held
data-enny devices are now
being used by law enforcc-
ment to initiate parking and
0
other traffic citations in the
field and to enter informa-
tion into a court database,
thus reducing costs, time,
and redundant casks. Similar
equipment could be consid-
ered for other real-time data
entry. Demonsnation of cx-
isting capabilities will be fol-
lowed by consideration and
evaluation of the possible
uses of hand-held data-entry
devices. 1.5 hours.
Vincc Orduntl, Jr., Akrtant
Court Ew~utiveWCCI, Vcnhtra
County Supm*orand Municipal
Gurtr, Ventnra, CaliJbrnia.
gies. Making an official
record remains an important
component of our justice sys-
tem. Experimentation, dia-
logue, and controversy have
surrounded the development
0
and application of sophisti-
cated computer and video
tools to aid court reporting.
This session will focus on
three major technologics
used for court reporting-
computcr-aided transcription
(CAT) and the computcr-in-
tcgratcd courtroom (CIC),
video court reporting, and
audio recording. The ses-
sion, in a replicated court-
room complete with bench,
wimcss stand, jury box, and
C O U ~ S Ctables,
~ will be outfit-
ted with a state-of-the-art
CAT/CIC system and a video
court-reporting system. Key
management and implcmcn-
tation issues associated with
each technology will bc high-
lighted. Participants in the
scssion will become fimiliar
with the advantages of each
technology and gain an ap-
0
preciation of how and why
 each approach may be in-
cluded as onc of several tools
availablc. 1.5 hours.
Je&y M. ArnoLd, Adminima-
tive Director, Circuit Court of
Cook County, Chicago, Illinois;
&ask A n d r o s , J d 5 4 116th
Disrrict Court, Dallas, Tuw;
David Lan@rd, Court Reporter,
11 6d1District Court, Dallas; Ri-
chard Ryan Lamb, J u d ~ e9th
, Court Technology. Noth-
Circuit Court, Kalamawo,
Michigan; Dennis Bilccld, Court
Operations Managn; US.Dis:
trict Court, San Francisco, Cali-
fornia.
3 10. Telecommunications. This
session will cxplorc the vari-
ous m a n s of electronic com-
munication between the pub-
lic, the legal profession, and
the courthouse. Dcmonstra-
tion and discussion will cover
remotc inquiry, electronic fil-
ing, bulletin board systcms,
public databases, electronic
mail, public tclcvision, and
features (such as wiring, fiber
optics, wirclcss/RF) that a
court nccds for modem telc-
communication. 1.5 hours.
Stephen J. Ventre,Jua&, Mesa,
Atizana.
311. Fax/CourtsintheFax
Lane. Facsimilc machines
have made a fast and cxtcn-
sivc inroad on the operation
ofAmcrican business and
government as a primary vc-
hide for paper transmission.
There is, however, much to
lcarn about thc inmcaaes of
fax operation in courts. This
program will explain and cx-
plorc how courts are using
fax, what works and what to
avoid, and how courts can
benefit from this tcchnology.
The speaker will addrcss fax-
filing issues and review the
model court rules that have
been dcvclopcd to address
thosc issues. 1.5 hours.
Susan K o e n ~ Senior
, Staflho- nications between work
ciate, National Centerfor State groups. The role of a vendor
Courts, San Francisco, Califor- as a systcms integrator will
nia. also be explored. This ses-
sion will provide valuablc in-
IXACK N:MANAGEMENT
sights for managers planning
roou, MANAGEMENT any size court project. 1
[SUES, & HUMAN FACTORS hour.
C . Sue Willou&, Coordinator
40T. Project Management for of Statm.de Automation, A d -
minimatioe Ofscc of Pennsylva-
ing is more difficult in court nia Courts, Mechanicshy,
management than control- Pennsylvania; John Davenport,
ling technology projects. Director of Data l+ocusin5, Ad-
ministrative Ofscc of the Courts,
Thc typical court manager
Mechanicbuy, Pennsylvania.
has not had training or cxpc-
ricnce in managing a tcch-
403. Coping with the Human
nology project and is often at
Factor in Managing Tcch-
the mercy of thc vendor.
nological Change in the
This program will present
Courts. Technology
and discuss need dctermina-
changes quickly, but people
tion, planning, advcmsing,
do not-despite strong pres-
vcndor selection, contract-
sure to d o so. Many court
ing, and, especially, monitor-
managers responsible for
ing the court tcchnology
implementing a technical in-
project. The program will
novation neglect this human
indudc a discussion of thc
hctor and focus primarily on
National Center for Statc
the merits of the ncw tcch-
Courts’ Cart Automation
nology. Thcy sccm to bc-
Pctfbrmancc Standards dc-
licvc that an innovation’s
veloped under a grant from
technical superiority and im-
the Statc Justice Institute to
address this vital managc- portance w il guarantcc ac-
l
ment need. 1 hour. ceptance. This session w ill
challenge this belicf and pro-
Carl Ward, Director, Znforma- vide a model for understand-
tion Systems Dipinon, Judicial ing the human sidc of tcchni-
Department, Salcm, Organ.
cal change. 1 hour.
Dale bfoer, l+m*dmt,Applicd
402. Managing Technical Staff.
lkq,Inc., Ann Arbor, Mi&-
This session will prcscnt a
5an.
nontraditional approach to
project management and sys-
404. Court Automation
tcm implementation. The
Projects: Keys to Success.
approach creates an automa-
This session will address key
tion staff, both nontechnical
issues in court automation,
and technical, that works to-
such as system acquisition
gether to ensure that the
alternatives, intraorgani-
programs developed meet us-
zational communication,
ers’ needs and cxpectations.
expectation management,
Managing and coordinating
project control, tcchnology
that sraffwill be discusscd, as
sclcction, trade-off issues in
wcll as the automated tools
design, user involvement,
they can use to d o thc job
system marketing, and
and promote good commu-
funding. 1 hour.
 John R. Pcay, Asismnt Director,
Tn'al Court Snw'ccr e Informa-
tion Systems, Boise, Idaho.
405. Expectation Management.
Onc of thc most difficult
tasks for managers in tcch-
nology dcvclopmcnt is
balancing users' cxpcctations.
This session will covcr ways
to include uscrs in making
decisions and to organize
uscrs so that thcy can hclp
makc thc projca cffcctivc. .It
will revicw how to balance
thc ovcrwhclming numbcr of
user rcqucsts with the limited
resources available to address
those rcqucsts. Committce
s bc analyzed
s t r u c ~ e will
for maximum productivity,
political purposes, and for
thc bcst balance bctwccn
technicians' and users'
control. 1 hour.
May CampbellMcQpcn, Smtc
Court Administrator, Supem
Court of W&npn, Olympia,
Wnrhin@n.
406. Privacy and Public Access.
Arthur Millcr will lead a
round-tablc discussion of
judges, attomcys, mcdia, law
cnforccmcnt, and inbrma-
tion industry representatives.
Issues will indudc thc
privacy rights of individuals
with respca to information
stored in court computcr
systcms; the rights of the
mcdia, information industry,
and atizens to gct this
clcctronic data; and thc nccd
to protect scnsitivc inbrma-
tion that may injurc inno-
cent parties or compromise
law cnforccmcnt cfirts.
1.5 hours.
Arthur Milk, Bruce Bromb
hfmof l a w , Harpard l a w
Schooh Gzmbn'dgc,Mazrarhu-
rem. Sponsored b.u Mud Dam
Cmwal.
07. Designing Pacilitics for
Technology. During
planning for new or reno-
vatcd court facilities, great
attention is paid to court-
room design to accommo-
date thc legal profession.
Much greater attention
should bc paid to thc what,
whcrc, and how of tcchnol-
ogy necds in thc courthousc.
How to prcparc for comput-
crs, video recording and
viewing, voice and data
communications, networks,
security devices, ctc., is just
as, if not cvcn more, impor-
tant than the courtroom
layout. Thc significant cost
of fitting aftcr construction is
complctcd can bc cut
drastically by a little forc-
thought to the possiblc
technological necds of thc
ncxt fivc to tcn years. 1
hour.
Kenneth L Mittcnhrfi
Director, Management Infwma-
tion Sytcms, Supreme h r t of
Virginia, Richmond, Virainia.
408. Security and Disaster
Rccovcry. Changing times
havc forccd courts to con-
sidcr lcvcls of sccurity ncvcr
bcforc ncccssary. Scarce
rcsourccs and growing
caseloads havc madc courts
dcpcndcnt on automated
systcms, crating a situation
in which, if thc use of
automation is lost, it is no
longcr possiblc to rcvcrt to a
manual system. Tcchnology
has also incrcaxd thc risk of
unauthorized access and
disdosure of court informa-
tion. This session will
b i l i a r i z e court managers
and technicians with mcth-
ods for cvaluating computcr
sccurity risk and, based on
that assessmcnt, determinine
what corrcctive measures
would bc most bcncficial.
Topics include sccurity risk
asscssmcnts, contingcncy
planning, disaster rccovcry,
cnvironmcntal controls,
0
personncl issues, off-site
storage, and common scnsc.
1 hour.
Rick Copfen, Director, Znforma-
tion Sytemr Dipision, Wcc of
the Adminimatorfbr the Courts,
Olympia, Wnrhitgton.
:09. Options for Funding
Tcchnology. How docs onc
finance thc substantial costs
of modcm technology in an
era of budget reductions and
staff cutbacks? This program
will cxplorc the pros and
cons of cost/bcncfit analysis,
lcgislativc appropriations,
carmarkcd funds, lease
purchasc amngcmcnts, and
othcr crcativc approaches to
funding.
1 hour.
Dave Bym, D q q Director,
Administrative Wcc of the
Courts, Supreme Court of
0
Anwna, Phoenix, Atiumn.
# IO. Intcgratcd Justice Systems.
Courts should form spatcgk
alliances with other organiza-
tions to share information.
Our information necds
parallcl thosc of many
govcmmcnt agencies:
corrections, police, prosecu-
tor, DMV, soaal scrvice
agencies. Courts and other
agcncics collect and nccd
many of the Samc data
clcmcnts and reports, SO why
can't we coopcratc and plan
to minimize rcdundancy in
data collcction and rcsolvc
access issues? This program
will discuss somc of thc
technical issues,such as
dcsign compatibility and
tclccommunications, but will
focus primarily on thc 0
 political and managerial
problems confionted in
planning, implementing, and
managing integrated justice
systems. 1.5 hours.
Robert D. Wmels, Court
Mana-er, office
of Court
Management, Houston, Texas.
.
4 I I Technology Acquisition.
Purchasing the best possible
technological solution to a
court problem requires
traveling a path quite
u n h i l i a r even to the most
experienced court manager
or purchasing agent. Manag-
ers must learn the difference
between requests for infor-
mation (RFI) and requests
for proposals (RFP), how to
&rly and accurately evaluate
the responses to either, the
dangers of vendor assistance
in preparing the RFP, the
possibility ofa public-private
partnership, the use of
consultants, and how to
write an cfkctive contract
after selecting a vendor. This
program will attempt to
provide a set of guidelines for
the manager scmng out on
the mine-laden path to
technology implementation.
1.5 hours.
Suzannt H. B ] M, Gwwt
A d m i n i m a m , 7thjudicial
Circuit; W’cr M a r h ,
Maryland.
4 12. Training to Use Technol-
ogy. Training staff and
reducing their resistance are
keys to successfully imple-
menting technology. This
program will address the
need and the techniques for
mining staff and overcoming
their fears of technological
innovation. The session w ill
discuss who to train, where
to train, how to train, when
to train, who to use as
trainers, and how to design a
strategy for dealing with
resistance to using technol-
ogy. 1 hour.
Ted Brousseau, ] u d ~ e 20th
, clear about the path to
judicial Circuit of Florida,
Naples, Florida.
4 13. Education and Training
with and for Technology.
Training generally looks the
same as it did 50 years ago.
But why should it, when
professional development of
all levels of the court-
judges, executive manage-
ment, adminisnative staff-
can benefit from a multitude
of new systems and technolo-
gies? Participants will
explore management issues,
such as costs, benefits, in-
house authoring or develop-
ing, and assimilation, and
learn about audio and video
training, hypermedia,
on-line documentation,
expert and artificial intelli-
gence systems, teletraining,
automatic testing, multime-
dia, embedded training,
satellite and microwave
delivery, and self-paced,
computer-assisted training.
1.5 hours.
Anthony B. Fisser, Director,
ContinuingEducation, Judicial
D t p a m m t , office of the Chief
Court Adminimator, Hartjkd,
Connccticut.
4 15. Techno-Stress. Nothing
increases stress in an organi-
zation more than introducing
new technology. This
session focuses on the causes
and cures for strw in today’s
Fast-paced, dynamic court
environment. Participants
will leave with a greater
understanding of how to deal
with job stress. 1hour.
AI Conner, Director of Data
Procmitg, Adminiswativc Ofice
of tbc Courts, Denver, Cohado.
4 I d Issues in Statewide Auto-
mation: T h e Thorns and
the Rosa. The only thing
Statewide court automation
is that it is not casy. The
National Center for State
Courts is assessing statewide
automation to ascertain thc
status of these efforts across
the counay and to identify
some of the issues that can
spell the difference between
success and &lure. This
program will review some of
the findings, conclusions,
and recommendations
resulting from the project.
1 hour.
1.Dough Walker, Senior Staff
Azrociatc, National Ccntcrfw
State cmtrts, WiUiamsbnv,
Virginia.
4 17. Ergonomics and the
Workplace: Must It Be
People Versus the E q u i p
ment and the Environ-
ment? As we edge
toward the future of com-
puter technology, people
will become more sedentary
on the job. By designing
work areas for optimum
flexibility, people will be
healthier and more efficient.
Employers should know
their obligations and
liabilities in providing work
environments. When
evaluating old office facilities
or designing new ones, two
factors should be addressed:
workplace design (equip-
ment, location, and cnviron-
ment) and people (visual
skills, auditory skills, work
station adjustability, health
issues, and training habits).
1hour.
Debor& Howell, Ohio Dam
Netwmk, Dcpartmcnt of
Administrative Scra’cu,
Columbns, Ohio.
4 18. Innovativc Applications of
Technology to Court
Administration: “Call for
Papers.” In kccping with
thc thcmc of improving
court management through
tcchnology transfer and
innovation, CTC 111issucd a
nationwide call for papers
that would describc how
tcchnology could bc used in
a novel fashion to improve
somc aspcct of court admin-
istration. Thc invitation was
dircctcd to court employees,
acadcmics, pcoplc working
for privatc-scctor tcchnology
vendors, and thc public at
large. In this scssion, thc
authors of thrcc notcworthy
submissions will prcscnt thcir
papers and answcr questions
regarding how thcir dc-
xribcd tcchnology could bc
uscd in the court. 1 hour.
James R. Maher, Senior Staff
Attorney, National CMltcrfi
Statc Courts, Andover, Massa-
ckwcnr;Robert L. Womack,
Director of Compvtm Operations,
Halc and Dwr, Boston, Massa-
rhuscm.
4 19. Graphics & Statistics.
Courts havc bccn automating
databases for quitc a whilc;
howcvcr, the nccd to analyze
thcse data and prcscnt thcm
appealingly is bccoming
inucasingly important. This
scssion will cvaluatc various
statistical and graphical
softwarc packagcs that can bc
used to analyze and present
routine and specially col-
lcctcd court data. 1 hour.
John Goerdt, Senior Staff
Attomc), National Centcrjk
Statc Courts, WiUiamsburg,
Virfl’nia.
120. Strategic Computing: What
Judges and Court Manag-
ers Should Know About
Long-Range Technology
Planning. This session will
provide judges and court
managers with concrete stcps
to ensure that the informa-
tion systems they arc devel-
oping use the most appropri-
ate tcchnologics for thc
mission of thc courts and the
constitucnts they scxve. It
will also provide idcas on
how court lcadcrs can bcttcr
position their courts to morc
readily adapt to ncw tcch-
nologics. Thc cxpcrienccs of
two states, Kcntucky and
Virginia, will bc contrastcd
to provide court lcaders with
different information systems
planning approaches and
thcir results. 1 hour.
Kathy L. Mays, Directw of
Judicial Planniw, Adminiswa-
tivc office of thc courts, Suprcmc
Gwrt of Virginia, Richmond,
Virginia.
422. Investigativc Computing:
42 1. PC/hhinfamc Coopea-
tivc Processing. As com-
putcr sofrwarc and hardware
advance in capabilities and
thc pcoplc who use thcm
maturc in thcir use and
demands for data and
information systems, pcrsonal
computer (PC)/mainframc
coopcrativc proccssing will
become onc of the most
critical factors in succcssll
court applications. Coopen-
tivc proccssing entails
blending mainframe (large)
computers and pcrsonal
computcrs with Icading-cdgc
network, database, and
application softwarc to
furnish morc cost- cffcdve
solutions for c o w . Coop-
crativc proccssing provides
for thc controllcd and sccurc
movement of data from and
to cach hardware platform.
It will provide thc uscr with
integrated court and assoa-
atcd agency information on a
scripted on-line, transaction
basis as wcll as morc-sophisti-
0
catcd batch filc uploading
and downloading. This
session will discuss conccpts,
tools, and applications of
coopcrativc proccssing in
courts, using a live PC/
mainframe hook-up to
dcmonstratc how, for
cxamplc, standard central
database systems can bc
tailored for the needs of
individual courts.
1.5 hours.
Robrt H. Jacobsen, Systems
Analyst, AOC, Trenton,New
Jmq;Arnold M i k , Managn;
Administrative 0A;cc of the
Courts, Trenton, New Jmq
Jamu R . Rcbo, Assistant
Dirccti, Administrative ~ C C
of &c Coum, Trenton, New
J~~SCY
A Casc Study in Automat-
ing thc Toughest Users. In
0
1988 thc Ncw York County
dismct attorney’s office
began automating intclli-
gcncc gathering in organized
crime cases. This session will
rcvicw thc lik cycle of thc
project, focusing on thc
challcngcs of designing and
implcmcnting a PC applica-
tion for pcoplc who are uscd
to doing things by hand.
Discussion will indudc how
to gain support from thc
b d i n g agency and rcluctant
uscrs, to manage program-
mcrs, and to strcngthcn thc
prcscntation of Fdcts and
cvidcncc in court.
1 hour.
Mary Barnctt, Manager,
Infbrmation Center, New York
County, Dism’ct Anwtq‘s
Oficc, New Ywk, Ntlp Y i k .
0
TRACK V: ADVANCED
TECHNICAL SESSIONS
501. Judicial Electronic Data
Interchange (JEDI).JEDI
will revolutionize litigation
and bring about new ap-
proaches to the administra-
tion of justice. It reprcscnts
a pivotal devclopmcnt in
judicial automation and
modernization. Elcctronic
data interchange (EDI) is the
exchange of information in ’ implementors can anticipate.
computer-processable
formats that are largely
standardized to fialitate
national and global automa-
tion and communication.
ED1 has greatly benefited
business and government and
is now poised for implemen-
tation in state and federal
judicial systems. Its benefits
cxtcnd beyond the judicial
system, however, to provide
an automated link between
the c o w , other government
entities, and the private law
office, thereby expediting
case processing, reducing
costs and errors, providing
timely and meaningful access
to information, and rational-
izing information flows.
1.5 hours.
Michael S. Baum, Cambridp,
Mmachusctts.
502. Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Artificial intelligence systems
are being implemented by
c o w around the country.
AI ofirs tremendous poten-
tial for improving the
effectiveness, consistency,
and productivity of the
judicial branch. In this
session, one state’s cxpcri-
cncc with an AI implementa-
tion will be examined.
Explore the future of artificial
intelligence with pioneers of
this exciting technology.
1 hour.
C h i s Erichon, Information
Spttmr Analyst, Waskqgton
Administrative office of the
Courts.
503. Court Database Structure
and Design Issues. Hun-
dreds of courts are involved
in application design projects
at any given time. Often
staff conducting these efforts
have no knowledge of the
work done in other locations
to solve similar or identical
problems. This program will
review important information
about the nature and struc-
ture of court information,
including a checklist of issues
to watch for in designing
court applications.
1.5 hours.
Robert K.Hoover, t5.urdmt/
CEO, HLP, Inc., Pracon,
Ariw~.
504. Data Communications.
Data communications issues
are becoming more signifi-
cant with the increase of
open systems and integrated
applications. Almost half of
the statewide automation
projects in the country also
depend on reliable communi-
cations technology. This
program will review kcy
issues in data communica-
tions, fiom local and wide
area networks through
bridges, routers, X.25, TCP/
IP, frame relay, ISDN, and
SONET. lhour.
A h Andmon, LAN Ruourcu
OfAriwna, Tucson, Arizona.
505. Downsizing. With the
implementation of personal
computer networks, more
powerful minicomputers, and
new RISC-based systems
being introduced by com-
puter vendors, courts can
seriously consider “dow
sizing” applications fiom
mainframe computers. This
session will examine the
benefits and potential
problcms that court system
1 hour.
Rolm Tosknaga, Director of
Data Procm*q,Administrative
Office of the Courts, Salt LaLC
City, Utah.
506. Modernizing Aging Sys-
tuns. Software has become
the most- expensive compo-
nent of information process-
ing. Legislative and proce-
dural changes require
constant maintenance and
reevaluation to meet user
needs. This program
addresses the evaluation of
existing systems, replacement
of old systems, and options
regarding technologies and
methodologies. 1.5 hours.
]Immy Ray, Director, ]Wticc
Inf i m a tion Managcmmt
Sptems, Houston, Texas.
507. Electronic Mail. This
session will overview intc-
grated messaging services fbr
electronic mail and electronic
data interchange (EDI)using
the international X.400
standard, which has been
w d by public electronic-
mail providers and in
office automation software.
It can be integrated with
facsimile, voice messaging,
 telex, and other types of
information exchange. It
also supports mcssage
encryption, nonrepudiation
of delivery, and other robust
security fcatures as well as
acccss to multi-vendor X.500
electronic directory services.
The session w ill also discuss
how integrated mcssaging
may bc uscd in advanced
courthouse communications
networks of the future.
1 hour.
DanielJ. Blum, OSI Migrations,
Takoma, Maryhnd.
TRACKVI: ORIENTATION
PROGRAMS
601. Orientation to the Work of
courts. ManyCrCIII
paniapants may bc new to
the courts or may have
responsibility for technology
applications in courts but do
not actually work for a court.
This scssion will help fdmil-
iarizc pamapants with the
important issues in court
administration, court organi-
zation, terminology, and
trends. Pamapants will bc
able to focus on how to usc
their rime at CTC m fix
maximum benefit.
1.5 hours.
Dougkr K. Somerlot, Project
Director, I a w y d s conf~ence,
Amm'can Bar Association,
C h i c u ~ o Ilk'noir;
, Mark
Zafarano, Gurt Adminimntor,
Fairfkx Chnty Circuit Court,
Faifax, Virys'nia.
602. Computer Concepts for the
Court Professional. Be-
cause many CTC 111 pamci-
pants are relatively new to
technology, this scssion will
offer an orientation to
computer concepts and the
basic vocabulary of technol-
ogy. Plan on attending this
session if you are unfimiliar
with inputs and outputs,
operating systems versus
application programs, or the
significance of system
response time. Your ques-
tions about the differences in
LANs, micros, minis and
mainframes will be answered
in nontechnical terms and
you will bc able to consider
how to make the best use of
your time at CTC 111.
1.5 hours.
Mary Lu Holtn, Senior Advisor
on Adminirhurh'on, Justice, IBM,
Baltimore, Mavyhnd.
TRACK VII: EXHIBITOR
PROGRAMS
The exhibitors' programs are
daribcd in detail in Tab 5 of this
notebook.
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Plenary Session
Saturday, March 14,1992
9:OO a.m., Chantilly Ballroom

“The High-Tech Court”

W hat will the courtroom of the future be like? What technologies and applications will be
in place and how will they change the way courts operate? Find out at a high-tech
demonstration of the “The High-Tech Court,” the closing plenary session on Saturday,
March 15,9:00a.m., in the Chantilly Ballroom.
The “High-Tech Court” will demonstrate many of the technologies presented in the educa-
tional sessions, showing how they could work in a court now and in the near future. Jim
McMillan, director of the National Center’s Court Technology Laboratory, is producing the
presentation. He notes that “after participants have attended the workshops highlighting indi-
vidual technologies, the ‘High-Tech Court’ will give everyone a chance to see how the technol-
ogy works together.”
Three case scenarios-traffic, civil, and child support enforcement-will be used to highlight
a variety of technologies. For example, attendees w ill see how technology improves services to
citizens in traffic court by allowing traffic offenders to schedule hearings and pay fines. Inven-
tive combinations of computer, video, voice, telecommunications, and multimedia technologies
will be presented in an informative and entertaining format.
The “High-Tech Court” demonstration promises to be a memorable way to wrap up a
memorable conference.
 a

L-

e
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Faculty Overview

T he CTC I11 faculty is an all-volunteer group of experts from many different occupations.
The faculty includes judges, trial court managers, and representatives of the private sec-
tor. Several other fields are represented, including court reporting, probation, pretrial ser-
vices, and academia.
The faculty also come from many different parts of the country. At least twenty-three states
and Canada are represented. The conference staff is grateful to all faculty members who have so
generously donated their time to prepare and prcscnt what promises to be the best court tech-
nology educational program ever developed. Thanks are also in order to the organizations that
employ the faculty members and have supported the conference by funding time and travel.

0. J. Hawkins Award (1988))the their effect on the future. His

Featured
Speakers
Thomas J.
Stovall, Jr., will
be the luncheon
speaker on
Thursday, March
12. Since 1983,
he has been
presiding judge of
the Second Administrative Judicial
Region in Houston, Texas, and a
senior judge of the 129th Judicial
District, where he began his judicial
career in 1958. Before joining the
ben,ch, Stovall spent 10 years as an
attorney in the firm of Stovall,
O’Bryant & Stovall.
Stovall serves on several boards,
including the Texas Judicial Coun-
cil, the National Conference of
Metropolitan Courts, and SEARCH
Group, Inc. He currently chairs the
Court Technology Committee of
the State Bar of Texas. Stovall is a
former board member of the
National Center for State Courts
(NCSC) and its Institute for Court
Management. He has received
several awards, including the
National Judicial College’s Service
Award (1980)) and many others. In
addition, a junior high school in
Aldine, Texas, bears his name.
Stovall received a J.D. from the
University of Texas in 1948 and a
B.A. from Rice University in 1943.
Daniel Burrus,
one of the
nation’s leading
technology
futurists, will
deliver the
keynote address at
the opcning
banquet o n Wednesday, March 11.
His futurist approach to “Improving
Justice Through Innovation”
promises to be stimulating,
thought-provoking, and entertain-
ing. Daniel Burrus’s mission is to
help people and organizations
understand and profit from techno-
logical change and become excited
and involved in building a better
tomorrow. He views a rapidly
changing environment as an oppor-
tunity to use creatively the latest
tools of technology.
Burrus is the founder and
president of a rcsearch and consult-
clients include professional associa-
tions, universities, and some of the
nation’s largest corporations,
including IBM, AT&T, Exxon,
DuPont, Chrysler, Philip Morris,
and Motorola. Burrus has produced
his own cable television show,
“Futurescope,” as well as several
audio and video learning programs,
and he publishes the Technology
Futures Newsletter.
K. Kent Batty
will be the
moderator for the
“Court of the
Future” plenary
session on
Saturday. Batty is
1
’ ’ ’ executive court
administrator of the Third Judicial
Circuit and Recorder’s courts in
Detroit, Mich. He has been
involved in court administration
since 1975 and has worked in the
judicial systems of Colorado, Utah,
and Kansas, as well as in the 22nd
Circuit Court in Ann Arbor, Mich.
H e h3s served as president of the
Michigan Association of Circuit
Court Administrators and is presi-
dent-elcct of the National Associa-

e NCSC’s Distinguished Service

Award (1989)) SEARCH Group’s
ing firm specializing in global
innovations in science and technol-
ogy, their creative application, and
tion for Court Management
(NACM).
 Batty cochairs the joint
I
NACM/Confcrcncc of State Court
Administrators Committee on
Technology. He is a member of the
steering committee for the Forum
on the Advancement of Court
Technology, the National Center
for State Courts’ advisory commit-
tee on technology, and the Court
Automation Pcrformancc Standards
Committee. Batty received a BA.
in management science from Duke
University and an M.S. in judicial
I
administration from the university
of Denver College of Law. b c u -
tivc Court Adminimator, Third
Judicial Circuit, 711 City-County
Bnildinj, Detroit, Micb., 48226,
(313) 224-5260.
Conference
Director and
Larry P. Polansky, the conference
director, retired in 1990 after 11
years as the executive officer (court
administrator) of the Dismct of
Columbia courts. Since then, he
has been providing consulting
S C ~ ~ ~ Cto
C the
S courts and COW-
related agencies in the areas of
technology and information sys-
tems, court operations, long-range
planning, hcilities design, budget
and organizational spucturc. His
previous employment includes 12
years as deputy court administrator
for the Philadelphia common pleas
courts and deputy Pennsylvania statc
court administrator. Polansky has
been involved with computers and
technology for more than 30 years
and his technology work experience
includes more than 10 years as a
programmer systems analyst, data
processing manager, and IBM
systems engineer. H e has written
and lcctured extensively on court
technology and court administra-
tion. Polansky played important
roles in the two earlier court
technology conferences. He is
currently chair of the ABA Judicial
Administration Division’s (JAD)
technology committee and the chair
of the Lawyer’s Conference.
Polansky is a graduate of Temple
University (B.S., accounting, 1958)
and its school of law (J.D., 1973).
Sally T. Hillsman is the vice
president of Research and Technical
Services for the National Center for
State Courts. She oversees all
federal grant proposals and national
projects. Project staff are drawn
from the National Center’s seven
offices located throughout the
United States. Currently, the
National Center is engaged in more
than 70 national action, demonstra-
tion, technical assistance, research,
training, and organizational dcvel-
opmcnt projects, with more than
$10 million in federal funding.
Before joining the National
Center, Hillsman was the associate
director and director of research of
the Vera Institute of Justice in New
York City. She conducted research
in a wide range of criminal justice
areas including intermediate sanc-
tions, case processing, prosecution
and court delay, pretrial diversion,
and policing. Her past work
included research on narcotics law
enforcement in New York City, the
provision of criminal defense
services in the New York criminal
courts, and fining practices in
criminal cases in the United States
and Western Europe. Hillsman
holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from
Columbia University.
Lawrence P. Webster, director of
Technical Services at the National
Center for State Courts, has worked
in court automation for most of the
last 12 y w s . He is responsible for
the National Center’s national
technology programs, including the
Court Tccbno1og)lBvhtin, Court
Technology Database, Technical
Information Scrvices, Court Ttrhnol-
ogy Repom, Court Automation
Performance Standards, Third
National Conference on Court
Technology, and the Task Force on
0
Disposition Repomng.
Before joining the National
Center, Webstcr directed data
processing for the Utah courts,
where he supervised the automation
of the district courts, circuit courts,
and he court of appeals, and main-
tained systems in the supreme and
juvenile courts. He also developed
two data-processing master plans
and designed an appellate casc-
management system and a training
program for a 26-member data-
processing staff.
Wcbstcr has also worked with
the U.S. attorney’s office in Denver,
Colo., where he implemented case-
management and officc-automation
systems and helped the executive
office implement the systems at
other locations. He managed
development and operations for the
Colorado Dismct Attorneys Coun-
cil, including designing and pro-
gramming a new generation of casc-
0
management software for the statc
prosecutors, and wrote a communi-
cations interface with the state
criminal-justice network and other
front-end communications software.
Webster has k e n a member of
the National Association for Court
Management, the American Bar
Association, and the National
Association for Justice Information
systems. He was a conmbuting
editor for the Cuurt Management
Quarterly, and taught a coursc
called “Computers and systems
Analysis in the Courts” at the
university of Denver College of
Law for four years. He earned an
M.S. in judicial administration from
the University of Denver College of
Law. He has also done doctoral
work in public administration at the
University of Colorado at Denver.
Thomas G.Dibble is a senior staff
associate with the technology
0
program services division of the
 National Center for State Courts.
0 He was formerly assigned to the
North Central and Southeastern
regional offices. He has been the
overall coordinator for all three
national court technology confer-
ences and was previously the
National Center’s technical services
coordinator. Dibble specializes in
&e court records management area,
induding forms analysis and design,
filing systems, and records retention
and destruction. He designed the
standardized interstate child support
enforcement forms for the federal
Office of Child Support Enforce-
ment. Dibble serves on the Interna-
tional Standards Organization
Technical Committee on Micro-
graphics and the Association for
Information and Image Manage-
mcnt (AIIM), Public Records
Standards Committee. He is the
chairman of the AIIM National
Standards Council.
*
Dibble has served as a faculty
member for the Institute for Court
Management. In 1989 he repre-
sented the National Center in
consultancy to the Asia Foundation
in the Philippines, Thailand, Malay-
sia, and Singapore. Dibble wrote
the National Center’s publication A
Guide to Court &cords Manage-
ment. He hold a master’s degree in
public administration from Auburn
University and serves as a lieutenant
colonel in the U.S. Air Force
Rcscrve.
Robert T.Roper is a senior staff
assodate at the Institute for Court
Management (ICM) of the National
Center for State Courts. Roper is
designing a curriculum on technol-
ogy in the courts and works with
ICM’s Court Executive Develop-
ment Program, teaching courses and
directing participants’ court evalua-
tion projects. In addition, Roper
consults with state and local jurisdic-
tions on automated case-manage-
ment information systems.
0 Before transfemng to ICM in
1988, Roper worked at the National
Center’s headquarters in
Williamsburg, Va., where he
directed the Court Statistics and
Information Management Project
and developed and managed an
automated national database on
state court statistics. His assign-
ments required him to deal with
issues of data comparability, validity,
and reliability, which led to his work
on the State Court Mohl Statim*cal
Dictionary, and State Court Organi-
zation, 1987.
Roper was a tenured associate
professor of political science at
Southern Illinois University From
1978 to 1983. He has published a
number of papers and amcles and
has presented papers to the Ameri-
can, Midwest, Southern, and
Western political science associations
and to numerous professional court
organizations and conferences
Roper attended Hofstra Univer-
sity in New York as an undergradu-
ate, received his methodology
training at the University of Michi-
gan, and earned his Ph.D. in
political science fiom the University
of Kentucky in 1978. Memberships
indude the American Judicature
Society, National Association for
Court Management, Southern
Political Science Association, the
Midwest Political Science Associa-
tion, and the Associates Program at
the National Center for State
CoUrts.
Barbara C.Kelly joined the
National Center for State Courts as
a staff d a t e in August 1991.
She is currently project director of
the National Center’s Technical
Information Service (TIS) and
Court Technology Bulletin, and is a
conmbuting editor of the Court
Technolorn Repom, 1991. Before
joining the National Center, Kelly
was a court analyst for the Supreme
Court of Virginia’s management
information systems department.
She supported the Courts Auto-
mated Information Systems (CAIS)
and was instrumental in implement-
ing the Case Management System/
Financial Management System
interface and CAIS/Virginia
Department of Motor Vehides
interface in Virginia’s limited
jurisdiction courts. Earlier, Kelly
served as a Personal Computer
Specialist, training court personnel
in both limited and general jurisdic-
tion courts. She received a BA. in
history fiom The College of William
and Mary in Virginia and a M.PA.
from Virginia Commonwealth
University.
James E. McMillan joined the
National Center for State Courts as
a senior staff associate in October
1990 and currently directs the
Court Technology Laboratory and
is project director for the Court
Automated Performance Standards
project. H e is also involved with the
initial work toward a Judicial
Electronic Data Interchange
standard. Before joining the
National Center, McMillian directed
information services for the Arizona
Supreme Court Administrative
Office of the Courts, where he
automated the state supreme court,
administrative office of the courts,
courts of appeals, superior courts,
limited jurisdiction courts, juvenile
courts, and probation departments.
H e wrote LOCIS (Lower Court
Information System), which has
been installed in more than 65
limited jurisdiction courts through-
out Arizona.
When assisting the appellate
courts, McMillan worked with
Judge Sandra Day O’Connor to
install the first word-processing
system used by the appellate courts
in the state. Jim previously held
positions with the U.S. Department
of Justice and the LQSAngelcs
Superior Court. H e has been a
lecturer for the National Judicial
College, University of Southern
California Judicial Administration
Program, and many other court
interest groups. McMillan received
his BA. in government fiom New
Mexico State University and an
M.PA. with a specialization in
judicial administration from the
University of Southern California.
Kevin Kilpatrick, a systems analyst,
manages the National Center’s
Court Technology Database, a
national project b d e d by a grant
from the Statc Justice Institute.
Kilpamck also helps to research and
answer many of the hundreds of
questions asked annually of the
Technical Information Service. H e
has written scvcral articlcs for the
National Center’s Court Technology
Bulktin and has twice appeared in
the National L a w Journal writing
on the current and future state of’
technology in state courts. Begin-
ning in 1992, Kilpamck also scrves
as an assistant in the National
Center’s Court Technology Labora-
tory. Before joining the National
Center, Kilpamck was a computer
spcaalist with a small law firm in
Fairfax County, Va., whcrc he
helped design and maintain a variety
of internal systems.
Between 1980 and 1983,
Kilpamck served in the U.S.Army,
with spcaal assignment in thc
Defense Intelligcncc Agency.
During this time, hc was assigned to
thc Amcrican Embassy in Abidjan,
Ivory Coast, West Africa,whcrc hc
worked in thc defense attache office.
Hc rcccivcd his B.S. degree in
busincss administration from
George Mason university in 1986.
Drew Ritchic directs court procc-
d u r a and information management
for Court Services, Ministry of thc
Attorney General in Victoria, British
Columbia. This branch is rcspon-
siblc for improving thc productivity
and SCMCC levels of the court
systcms by providing innovative
pmcedurcs and management
information to dicnt groups that .
indudc othcr minismes and federal
agencies. Ritchic is involved in
promoting the use of business and
data modcling as csscntial tools to
designing and implcmcnting
succcssfd court information
projects.
Bcforc his Current appointmcnt,
Ritchic was with the province of
Ontario, whcrc he managed a court
statistical unit and played a lead role technology projects, such as the
in the developmcnt and formulation Third National Court Technology
of a technological plan. Ritchie has
also initiated several projects
involving the use of new tcchnolo-
Conference.
Patricia Maddox, information
0
gies in the courts, such as expert systems coordinator, provides
systems, document imaging, and technical support to Technical
natural language qucry tools. Services staff, project support on the
Court Technology Database project,
Dennis D. Miller directs the and administrative support to the
National Center’s Publications Court Technology Laboratory,
Service. His 8-member team of Third National Court Technology
editors, graphic amsts, and produc- Confcrencc, and Court Tcchnology
tion workers use desktop publishing Rcpom projects.
to produce books, periodicals, and
other printed pieces for the National Shelly Lievre, clerical assistant,
Center and its secretariat organiza- provides administrative support to
tions. Miller also markets the the Technical Information ScMcc,
National Center’s books and Court Technology Bulbtin, and
periodicals and communicates its Third National Court Technology
activities to professional law and Conference.
court-related organizations and to
the general public. Bcforc joining
the National Center, hc was director
of publications for Old Dominion
University. He also has significant
advertising, sales promotion, and
public relations experience. Miller
rcceivcd a B.S. degree from thc
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukce.
0
Kriss Knistcr Winchester is
publications editor and media
liaison for thc Third National Court
Technology Conference. She is a
scaffassoaatc in the National
Center’s Publications Service, whcrc
she writes and edits the Report and
is managing editor of the State
Courtjournal. She is also thc
publications liaison for thc Confer-
ence of Chief Justices and the
Conference of Statc Court Adminis-
trators and coordinates thc National
Center’s media relations. Before
joining the National Center,
Winchester was legal information
director for the National Right to
Work Legal Defense Foundation.
She holds a B.A. from the Univer-
sity of Virginia.
Staccy Taylor, administrativc
sccrctary, provides administrative
support to the director of technical
0
services, staff, and to national court

Faculty
Jcssic Aldcrson
holds business
administration and
computer applica-
tion degrees and
has worked as a
data-processing
and materials
manager. He was the 46th member
to join ANSI-X12, the national
standards-making organization for
EDI. He is a member of the
Automotive Industry Action Group,
has received its Outstanding
Achievement Award, served as
cochair of the government project
team for EDI, and currently is a
member of the judicial ED1 sub-
committee. His in-depth experience
in ED1 methods has made him a
recognized leader in technologies of
the future. Session 101.
systems. H e has directed his own
organization for the last 6 years and
has more than 2 5 years of expen-
ence in computers and data commu-
nications. Before founding LAN
Resources, he was the Rocky
Mountain regional networking
consultant for Wang Labs, Inc., and
before that, the data communica-
tions engineer and planner for the
state of New Mexico. H e has
extensive experience in planning,
designing, installing, maintaining,
and administering local and wide
area networks. Anderson holds a
B.S. in electrical engineering from
the University of Illinois and an
M.B.A. in computer science from
the University of Colorado. Session
504.
Frank Andrews
has been the judge
of the 116th
District Court in
Dallas, Texas,
since 1987. He
received his law
degree from
Southern Methodist University in
1974 and was in the private practice
of law in Dallas from that time until
1986. Andrews’ courtroom is one
of the few computer integrated
courtrooms in Tcxas, and, as a
result, he has had numerous speak-
ing cngagcments throughout Texas
and in other states regarding court
applications of technology. Session
309.
Jeffrey M.
Arnold has been
administrative
director of the
Circuit Court of
Cook County, Ill.,
since 1979. Cook
County is the
nation’s largest integrated court
system: it employs more than 2,500
professional and clerical staff and
393 judges and disposes of almost 6
million cases annually. Arnold is
responsible for day-to-dayopera-
tions, long-term planning, and
program development. He created
the court’s office of public affairs,
which works to institutionalize
comprehensive law-related educa-
tion throughout Cook County and
is regarded as a national model.
Arnold has been instrumental in
changing the technology of com-
puter-integrated courtrooms to fit
the special requirements of the
Circuit Court of Cook County,
which will soon implcment its first
computer-integrated courtroom.
H e has also lent his expertise in
determining how technology can
best suit the needs of the court
system.
Arnold is active in the National
Association for Court Management
(NACM) and currently serves as its
secretary/treasurer. He was vicc-
chair of the education committee in
1989 and devcloped NACM’s
newsletter, Forum Conviens, when
he was cochair of the public rela-
tions and information committee.
H e currently edits the newsletter.
Arnold graduated from Beloit
College and has a law degree from
John Marshall. H e is an adjunct
professor at the Roosevclt Univer-
sity School of Public Administra-
tion. Session 309.
7 1 Stephen Bardige
is senior manager
of government
applications for
Wang Laborato-
ries, Inc., where
he is responsible
for justice-rclatcd
solutions and marketing activities,
including installing imaging and
voice systems that are integrated
with databases and office automa-
tion. He has written several articles
on innovative uses of technology by
state and local governments and is a
frequent speaker at imaging-
technology programs. Bardige
teaches legal and ethical health-care
issues a t the Lesley College Gradu-
ate School of Management. H e was
formerly a Massachusetts public
defender, legal services attorney, and
administrative law judge, and senior
staff attorney at the National Center
for State Courts’ Northeastern
Regional Office. He received a B.A.
from MacMurray College and a J.D.
from the University of Illinois.
Session 302.
Mary Barnctt has
worked for the
New York County
district attorney’s
office for 10 years.
She started as an
analyst working
for the Leviticus
Project, a multi-state federal funded
enforcement project. In 1984 she
founded a special unit to provide
computer support to large investiga-
tions and in 1988 she was appointed
manager of the information center Dennis Bilecki is
in charge of all personal-computer the court opera-
applications and development. tions manager in
Recently she was appointed deputy the U.S. District
director of MIS. Barnett has an Court in San
M.B.A. in communications and Francisco, Calif.
information management from He has held that
t 3
Fordham University. Session 422. position since
1988. Previously,- he was the jury
Michael Scott administrator, court reporter, and
Baum is president interpreter coordinator. Before
of Independent venturing to California in 1982,
Monitoring, a Bilecki worked for the Tennessee
Cambridge, Mass., Department of Corrections and was
consulting com- public defender in Oakridge,
pany that special- Tennessee. Bilecki has a master's
izcs in legal and degree in public administration and
control aspects of electronic com- a B.A. in criminal justice. Session
merce and electronic data inter- 309.
change. H e chairs the Electronic
Data Interchange Committee, Daniel J. Blum
Computer Law Division, of the has been active in
American Bar Association's Section open networking
of Science and Technology, and the research and
Legal and Business Controls Task development since
Group of the Accredited Standards the early 1980s.
Committee X12. He also pamci- He is well known
pates in the Ad Hoc Judicial ED1 as a writer,
Work Group. Baum is coauthor of educator, tcchnological forecaster,
Electronic Contmcting, Publishing and consultant on X.400 messaging,
and EDILaw (Wiley and Sons, X.500directory, and enterprise
1991), a contributing author to network management technology.
EDI and the Law (Blehheim Online, H e has worked with key standards
1989))and the author of the first devcloprnent cornmittces, implc-
American amcles on ED1 legal mented communications systems,
issues. H e is an American corre- surveyed industry products, and
spondent to the Computer Law and advised government and industry
Security Report, and is on the board users on the planning, architecture,
of advisors of the Journal of Data procurement, and development of
and Computer Communications. modern networks and value-added
Baum developed and taches a messaging services, including X.400
national MIS Training Institute e-mail and EDI. He has spoken at
seminar called "ED1 Technology numerous trade conferences and his
Watch: Audit, Legal, and Control articles appear regularly in industry
Issues in Electronic Data Inter- publications. He is a principle at
change." H e is a cemfied electronic Rapport Communication in Wash-
trade professional, a member of the ington, D.C. Session 507.
Massachusetts bar and the Maritime
Law Association. H e was in private
law practice before attending the
Wharton School, where he earned
an M.B.A. in the management of
technology. Session 501.
Philip S . Braxton
directs data
processing for the
Superior Court of
the District of
Columbia. H e
was instrumental
in introducing
bar-code technology into the one-
day/one-trial jury management
system. Braxton has a bachclor's
degree in mathematics from Shep-
herd College and a masters of
science degree in business adminis-
tration from George Washington
University. Session 216.
Ted Brousscau
has been a judge
of the Florida
Circuit Court in
Naples since his
election in 1978.
A faculty member
of the Florida
Judicial Collegc, he has taught
criminal trial procedure from 1984
to present. H e has written chapters
on pretrial motions and the trial in
the Florida Judge3 Bench Book on
Criminal Law. Brousseau is a
member of the Florida Supreme
Court's Trial Court Information
Systems committee and a two-term
past president of the Naples PC-
BUG computer group. Since 1988,
he has been on the ficulty of thc
National Judicial College, teaching
introduction to computcrs and
intermediate computers; currently,
he is ficulty coordinator for com-
puter uses for judges. Brousscau has
provided computer training for
judges through various state judicial
education programs. He has writtcn
a witness-management program
using Foxbase and is currently
working o n a judge's calendar and
case-management program. Session
412.
8
 Dave Bubier
began his career in
records manage-
e I
ment 17 years ago
at Wisconsin
Physicians Service
] Insurance Corpo-
ration (WPS) in
Madison. H e is the court records
analyst for the Wisconsin Supreme
Court office of court operations,
where he played a key role in having
a retention schedule for court
records adopted as a Supreme Court
rule. Previously, Bubier supervised
the Wisconsin State Records Center,
where he began to address the long-
term retention and review of state
government machine-readable
records. He has served as staff to
the Wisconsin Public Records and
Forms Board and as section chief in
the Wisconsin Department of
Employee Trust Funds. Bubier is a
charter member and past president
of the Madison chapter of the
Association of Records Managers
and Administrators. He acquired
e his Certified Records Managers
designation in July 1981 and is a
member of the Institute of Certified
Records Managers. Bubier holds a
bachelor of science degree From the
University of Wisconsin. Session
214.
Keith L.
Bumsted is
president of
Resource Manage-
ment Laborato-
ries, Ltd. (RML),
a full-service
consulting firm in
Boulder, Colo., that specializes in
strategic technology solutions and
information systems for courts and
criminal justice agencies. Before
forming RML, Bumsted spend 14
years as the chief financial officer
and director of technical services at
the National Center for State Courts
in Williamsburg, Va., where he
planned and directed state and
county automation projects in
courts throughout the nation and
was conference director for the
Second National Conference on
Court Technology in Denver in
1988. Session 217.
Dave Byers
completed his
undergraduate
work at Northern
Iowa and his
master’s a t
Arizona State
University. He
began his career with the Arizona
Administrative Office of the Courts
in September of 1978, when he was
hired as the first director of the
foster care review board. Dave has
had several positions in court
program operations and was direc-
tor of the program services division
beforc it was divided into three
separate divisions. Dave became the
deputy director of the Administra-
tive Office of the Courts in Septem-
ber 1988. Session 409.
John A. (Jay)
Carver directs the
District of Colum-
bia Pretrial
Services Agency,
one of the oldest
and largest such
programs in the
country. The agency has achieved a
national reputation for excellence.
It serves as a neutral information
source for judicial officers, both
local and federal, in the courts of
the District of Columbia. The
Department of Justice designated
the Pretrial Services Agency as an
“Enhanced Pretrial Services Pro-
gram.” The Agency has pioneered
in setting up the largest, most-
comprehensive program of prctrial
drug testing and monitoring in the
country. Inspired, in part, by the
Second National Conference on
Court Technology in 1988, thc
agency is using bar codes, digitized
photos, and portable bar code
readers to automate every aspect of
the program, including urine-sample
collection, defendant identification,
chain of custody, and automated
uploading of test results From
analyzer to mainframe computer.
Carver is a past president of the
National Association of Pretrial
Services Agencies and the current
president of the Mid-Atlantic
Pretrial Services Association. He
served in the Pace Corps in Bolivia
for three years. Carver graduate
from the University of Wisconsin in
1967 and received his J.D. from
Georgetown University Law Center
in 1974. H e is a member of the
bars of the District of Columbia and
Virginia. Session 213.
Chester B.
(Chuck) Chance
was appointed a
judge of the
Eighth Judicial
Circuit of Florida
in Gainesville in
1979. During his
tenure as chief judge, Chance was
involved in developing an integrated
justice system. He received his law
degree From the University of
Florida College of Law in 1964 and
practiced law from 1965 to 1973,
when he was appointed as a county
judge of Alachua County, Florida.
Chance chairs the Florida Confer-
ence of Circuit Court Judges and
serves on the National Center for
State Court’s Advisory Committee
on Technology. Session 21 1.
AI Conner has directed data
processing for the Colorado Judicial
Department since July 1987. He
has served on several data-process-
ing planning and review comrnis-
sions appointed by the governor and
served two-and-a-halfyears as a
state-wide major computer center
data-processing consultant. Connor
has worked in various data-process-
ing positions since joining the state
of Colorado in 1972. He received a
bachelor of science in industrial
engineering and data processing
from the University of Southern
Colorado in 1972. Session 415.

Gary R Cooper has served as the
executive director of SEARCH since
1983. SEARCH is a nonprofit
consortium of the states dedicated
to improving the criminal justice
system through information tcch-
nology. (SEARCH’S activities and
programs arc described in the
cosponsor section of this notebook.)
Cooper has bcen with SEARCH for
18 years. He represents SEARCH
before the various branches and
levels of government (including the
U.S. Congress and the U.S.Depart-
ment of Justice), criminal justice
associations, and the private sector.
He has twice chaired the evaluation
committee for tests of the interstate
identification index, a committee of
the advisory policy board to the
FBI’s National Crime Information
Center, and currently chairs the
FBI’s Evaluation Group for the
National Fingerprint File Pilot
Project. In 198 1 , he was appointed
by the governor to the California
Commission on Personal Privacy.
H e currently serves on the board of
directors for the National Founda-
tion for Law and Technology. H e
has written extensively in all areas of
information law and policy, with an
emphasis on the privacy and security
of criminal history records. Session
220.
Rick Coplen
directs the
information
systems division of
the Washington
State Administra-
tivc Office of the
Courts. H e i s a
former vice president and manager
of information systems security at
Security Pacific Corporation. H e
has managed other technology
sections, including data security,
capacity planning, and bank card
systems, and has consulred and
lectured in the area of information
system security. Session 408.
. -
Harry~.Seymour
Crump is presid-
ing judge of the
criminal and civil
division of
Hcnncpin County
district court. H e
was previously the
presiding judge for the mental
health division. Crump was also
state public utilities commissioner
for four years and served as a
Minnesota administrative law judge
for the state office of administrative
hearings. Crump provided pro
bono legal advice for legal advice
clinics for many years and was a field
attorney with the National Labor
Relations Board and clerk with the
U.S. Public Defender’s Office. H e
received a J.D. from DcPaul Univer-
sity Law School in 1974. In 1967
he received a degree in pharmacy
from the University of Illinois
Medical Center and is a licensed
registered pharmacist. Session 304.
Judith K.
Cunningham has
worked with the
Oakland County
Circuit Court
since beginning
her legal and court
management
Y
career in 1983. She was appointed
circuit court administrator in 1988.
She has also worked as a university
and community college instructor.
Cunningham is a member of the
Oakland County, Michigan, and
American bar associations and the
American Judicature Society. Her
committee work with the Oakland
County Bar includes serving as chair
and vice-chair of the Circuit Court
Committee, chair of the Law Day
Committee and member of the
Long Range Planning and Minority
Involvement committees. She is the
vice president of the Michigan
Association of Circuit Court
Administrators and a member of the
National Association of Court
Management. Cunningham
graduated magna cum laudc from
the Detroit College of Law in 1983.
She earned her master’s and
bachelor’s degrees from Central
Michigan University. Session 304.
John Davenport,
0
director of data
processing for the
Administrative
Office of Pennsyl-
vania Courts, has
an extensive
background in
both system design and computer
programming. His private-sector
involvement has ranged from real-
time plant automation to starcwide
voter registration and system
interconnection. H e was previously
a data systems engineer for Pratt and
Whitney Aircraft and a computer
programming manager for a U.S.
army inventory control center.
Since joining the Pennsylvania
courts, Davenport has supervised
the automation of the supreme
court and administrative office and
designed and provided technical
supervision of the hardware network
for the distributed data-processing
system being installed in
0
Pennsylvania’s minor courts.
Session 402.
Shirley H. David
has directed the
Sacramento
County Law
Library since
1983. She
previously served
on the Minnesota
state law library staff for 12 years.
David is active in professional
organizations and is a member of
the American Association of Law
Libraries’ cxecutivc board. The
Sacramento County Law Library is
implementing an on-line integrated
library system that includes user
dial-in access to the library catalog
and network access of library
processes for all library staff. The
library also provides access to legal
information using on-line databases, 0
 CD-ROM rcfcrence products, and
interactive video. David holds a
dcgrce in library science from the
College of St. Catherine in St. Paul,
Minnesota. Session 215.
Jim Donovan has
directed the U.S.
Supreme Court’s
office of data
systems since
1979. H e directs
and coordinates all
information
systems activities. His office also
provides technical assistance to
court staff in the arcas of designing
and programming computer
applications and maintaining all
computer hardware and software,
and provides word processing, data
proccssing, and electronic publish-
ing technology to the justices’
chambers and all departments of the
court.
Donovan, as a member of the court
* officers committee, works with the
justices and the officers of the court
to help with planning and budget-
ing, to participate in day-to-day
management decisions, and to
provide technical advice and sup-
port. H e has been involved in
applying computer technology to
the justice system for more than 23
years and previously held posts in
the state of Maryland and Bendix
and Sunbeam Corporations. He has
served on the board of directors for
SEARCH Group, Inc. since 1969.
Session 206.
Chris Erickson is
a senior informa-
tion systems
analyst for the
Washington State
Administrative
Office of the
Courts. His
experiences in artificial intelligence
and expert systems range from
technical to managerial. H e has
implemented expert systems for
court scheduling of law-enforce-
ment officers and a law evaluation
system for tax dctcrmination. A
diverse background gives him an
innovative pcrspective into knowl-
edge enginccnng, or KE. KE, thc
basis of cxpcrt systcrns, is the art of
eliciting from human experts “what
they do” and synthesizing this
expcriencc into “what thc computer
needs to do.” His practical undcr-
standing of logic, language theory,
cognitive psychology, and software
engineering has allowed him to
succeed in this new and challenging
field. Scssion 502.
Richard D.
Fennell is the
chicf of thc
technology
en hanccment
office at the
Administrative
Office of the
United States Courts in Washing-
ton, D.C., whcre he oversccs a
variety of innovative court automa-
tion and technology assessment
projects. Before joining the admin-
istrative office in 1990, he directed
the Federal Judicial Center’s (FJC’s)
innovations and systems develop-
ment division in Washington, D.C.
Fennell joined the FJC in 1975,
serving as a senior research com-
puter scientist and deputy division
director before being named
division director in 1987. H e was
involved in the design and develop-
ment of several generations of case
management software created by the
FJC. Before joining the FJC, he
served as a consulting research
computer scientist at Carnegie
Mellon University and as the
president of APL Softwarc Systems
(Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). His
research interests include artificial
intelligence and information systems
design. Fennell received his B.S.
degree in physics from Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute in 1969, and a
Ph.D. in computer science from
Carnegie Mellon University in
1975. Session 212.
responsible for the
education of the state’s judiciary and
court management staff. Fisser has
served as president of the National
Association of State Judicial Educa-
tors (1982-1984) and chairs two
major committees: the Association’s
standards committee, which recently
published national Principles and
Standards for Continuing Judicial
Education, and the development
committee for the Judicial Educa-
tion ,Management System (JEMS)
project. JEMS is designing a model
software program to manage all the
administrative functions of state
education and training operations.
Fisser is also involved in developing
a model self-instructional, interac-
tive videodisc for use by judges.
Fisser graduated from Drake Law
School and is a member of the bar
in both Iowa and Connecticut.
Session 413.
Doug Fitzgcrald
is corporate
director of security
planning for
Hansen Lind
Mcycr, Architec-
ture, Engineering,
Planning. Mr.
Fitzgerald is a security engineer who
has been involved in the design
enginccring of 67 American embas-
sies, three presidential palaces, 28
NATO embassies, more than 25
Department of Defcnse and Depart-
ment of Energy facilities. He has
also completed four major COUR-
houses. Fitzgerald is experienced in
the area of intrusion detection,
access control and denial systems,
closed-circuit TV, audio counter-
measures, secure voicc and data
communications, and fire and life
safety systems. Session 306.
 John Goerdt
joined the
National Center
for State Courts as
a senior staff
attorney after
teaching in the
Public Justice
Department at S.U.N.Y-Oswego for
one year. At the National Center,
Goerdt directed a study of the
caseloads, case-management proce-
dures, and the pace of civil and
felony litigation in 39 urban trial
courts and wrote Reexamining the
Pace of Litigation in Urban Trial
Courts based on that study. He has
written amcles on the effect of drug
cases on felony case processing in
urban courts, the pace of civil
litigation in urban trial courts, and
child support caseload characteristics
and awards in six urban courts.
Goerdt has served as a Fdculty
member for the National Judicial
College workshop o n cascflow
management and at similar work-
shops conducted by the Institute for
Court Management. H e is currently
directing research projects in 12
small claims and traffic courts and in
16 domestic relations courts.
Goerdt received an M.A. in sociol-
ogy From Marquctte university in
1976 and a J.D. degree (cum laude)
from Syracuse University in 1985.
He is a member of the New York
bar. Session 419.
John M. Grcaccn
is the clerk of the
U.S. District
Court of Appeals
for the Fourth
Circuit in Rich-
mond,Va. He
was previously the
deputy director for project manage-
ment at the National Center for
State Courts. Greacen is active in
the American Bar Association, the
Federal Court Clerks Associations,
and the Federal Appellate Clerks
advisory committee. H e obtained
his J.D. degree From the University
of Arizona in 1968, where he was
editor-in-chiefof the Arizona Law
Review. Session 206.
J. Michael
Greenwood is a
senior systems
analyst a t the
technology
enhancement
office of the
Ad ministrativc
Office of the U.S. Courts. He was
responsible for developing and
implementing a scrics of innovative
services (Appellate Court Electronic
Services, I’ublic Access to Court
Electronic Records, and Voice Case
Information System) that permit
public access to federal court
automated information from outside
the courthouse. Greenwood has
served as a research associate a t IBM
World Trade Corp.; Fdculty of the
National War College-Industrial
College of the Armed Forces; head
of the technology group, National
Center for State Courts; and senior
research analyst at the Innovations
and Systems Development Division
of the Federal Judicial Center (FJC).
At the FJC he has served as project
director and principal researcher on
numerous technology projects,
including electronic mail, word
processing, micrographics, CALR,
computer-aided transcription, multi-
track audio and video recording,
and CIVIL-ICMS. Greenwood
received his bachelor’s degree in
psychology from Union College and
a doctorate degree in personnel and
industrial psychology from Colum-
bia University in 1973. Session
212.
Ed Gund is senior
vice president of
marketing for
Lockheed IMS.
He directs and
supports market-
ing activities
across all lines of
business including parking and
moving violation processing,
emergency medical service billing,
transportation systems and scrviccs,
and child support enforcement. He
also markets new lines of busincss to
the courts and to state and local
governments. Gund played a major
role in mounting Lockheed IMS’
federal debt collection operation.
He cowrote the federal debt
proposal to the General Services
Administration and started the
company’s Federal Division, later
called the National Collections
Division. He previously worked for
the city of Washington, D.C., and
for the Internal Revenue Service.
Gund has a master’s degree in
business administration from
Stanford University, where he
concentrated in public management
issues and accounting. He also has
a B.S. in philosophy from St. Mary’s
Seminary College. Session 201.
Thomas S.
Hodson is a
litigator and
media relations
consultant with
the law firm of
Eslockcr, Grim
and Hodson in
Athens, Ohio. H e has had profes-
sional experience in law, govern-
ment, politics, print and broadcast
journalism, college teaching, and
public relations. He served seven
years on the bench as an elected
state trial judge in Ohio. Hodson
was a judicial fellow in the adminis-
trative office of the chief justice of
the United States from 1986 to
1987. He received the 1987 Justice
Tom C. Clark Award given for
outstanding service in court admin-
istration. During the past six years,
he has lectured across the country to
judges and court administrators on
“Courts and the Public,” conccn-
trating on court/community and
court/mcdia relations. As a visiting
professor at the E.W. Scripps School
of Journalism at Ohio University, he
developed a class to teach journal-
ism students how to covcr the Icgal
system. Hodson received his J.D.
.
@
from Ohio State University and a
B.S. in journalism from Ohio
University. Session 304.
.u.I Mary Lu Holter
joined IBIM in
1956 as a systems
engineer. Since
1973, she has
worked almost
exclusively
. .
in the
justice area.
Holter helped the state of Maryland
design and implement a criminal,
civil, traffic,and juvenile court
system, a jury system, a prosecutor
system, and the Maryland State
Police IDENT system (an active
criminal tracking system). She has
also helped develop systems for jails,
corrections, parole, probation, and
police departments. The Maryland
software systems operate on 18
major computer systems that are
linked into an integrated justice
network. Holter has been a speaker
a t previous National Court Tcchnol.
ogy conferences and for the Ameri-
can Correctional Association, the
California and Florida judges
associations, the National Attorney
General’s Association, and the
judiciary of Melbourne, Australia.
She helped define and made a
presentation to the first U.N.
Workshop on Computerization of
Criminal Justice, which was held in
Cuba at the Eighth U.N. Congress
on the Prevention of Crime and
Treatment of the Offender in
August 1990. Holtcr serves o n the
steering committee for the Forum
on the Advancement of Court
Technology and is on the faculty of
the Institute for Court Management
and the National Judicial College.
She is an Associate of the National
Center for State Courts, a member
of the National Association for
Court Management, and a member
of the ad hoc Judicial ED1 commit-
tee. Holter graduated from the
University of North Carolina.
Session 602.
Robert (Bob)
Kendall Hoover
has more than 20
ycars’ expericncc
with the justice
system, including
a wide scope of
involvement with
law enforcement, municipal courts,
clerks, probation, and appellate and
supreme court systems. In all these
areas, he has managed projects
involving systems analysis and
design, custom software develop-
ment and support, hardware and
LAN installations, and user-friendly
training programs. Bob prides
himself on his expertise in leading-
edge technology for sofiware
development. He is developing and
marketing justice system software
products using OOPSarchitecture
with a core written in C and offering
graphical user interfaces. Bob has a
knack for bringing pcoplc together
with technology in a way that
enhances both. Scssion 503.
Peggy Horvath
has served as
deputy state
courts administra-
tor of the Florida
Supreme Court
since 1985. She
oversees court
services, information system services,
the alternative dispute resolution
program, court reporter certification
program, and the DUI program.
She also serves as the state informa-
rion resource manager for the
judicial branch. Her prior profcs-
sional experience includes 14 years
with the Florida Department of Law
Enforcement, where she was deputy
director of criminal justice standards
and training and deputy director of
criminal justice information systems,
and five years as a n information
system consultant with Arthur D.
Littlc,Inc., in Cambridge, Mass.
Horvath received a B.S. dcgrec in
criminal justice management from
Florida International University.
Session 206.
Deborah Howell
has been em-
ployed by the state
of Ohio for more
than 17 years.
She manages the
media administra-
tion section of the
Ohio data network. Howell has
presented a training class on ergo-
nomic skills to employees of the
state of Ohio for more than four
years and was recognized in 1988
for creating an information packet
concerning carpal tunnel syndrome,
which was distributed to employees
of the state. She has also conducted
several work area evaluations for
state agencies and has helped
renovate three data-entry sites in
Ohio. Howell designed the floor
layouts for the media office in the
new state of Ohio computer center.
Session 417.
Gerald Hubbard
directs marketing
for IMICRO
CARD Technolo-
gies, Inc, (MCTI).
He had formerly
served as director
of finance. Before
joining MCTI, he held several
managerial positions with Texas
Instruments in Lubbock, Midland,
and Dallas, Texas. Hubbard holds
an M.S. in management and
administrative sciences from the
University of Texas a t Dallas, where
he also received his B.S. degree.
Session 111.
Hunter Hurst
has been director
of the National
Ccnter for
Juvenile Justice
since it was
founded in 1973.
The National
Center for Juvenile Justice is a
private, nonprofit research organiza-
tion that conducts legal, basic,
applied, and systems research.
Under Hurst’s leadership, the center
has grown into a major national
resource for credible research, policy
development, and publications. The
center’s computerized database of
case-level delinquency data from
courts throughout the United States
and the automated juvenile law
archive containing juvenile codes
from all fifty states are valuable
resources for the field of juvenile
justice research. The center also
publishes Juvenile Court Statistics,
Comparative Analyses of Juvenile
and Family Codes, KINDEX, and
Today’s Delinquent. Before
becoming director of the center,
Hurst was director of survey and
planning services for the National
Council on Crime and Delinquency.
His academic credits include a B.S.
in psychology and an M.S.W. from
Louisiana State University. Session
205.
Robert H.
~ Jacobsen has
more than eleven
years of court
data -processing
experience. He
joined the Penn-
sylvania court
system as a juvenile probation
officer. During his tenure with the
Pennsylvania court system, he
pamcipated in the development of a
risk and assessment tracking system.
As an analyst with the New Jersey
Administrative Office of the Courts,
he pamcipated in the design and
implementation of the civil, crimi-
nal, and family systems. Most
recently, he was responsible for the
development of the statewide
juvenile probation system. Jacobsen
has coordinated and conducted
prcsentations of the statewide
applications to the judicial staff at
the annual New Jersey Judicial
College. H e earned his under-
graduate degree from Pennsylvania
State University. Session 421.
Suzanne H.
James is court
administrator for
Maryland’s
Scvcnth Judicial
Circuit. She
prcviously held
positions with thc
District of Columbia courts and thc
Law Enforccment Assistance
Administration. Shc also has
experience in training, personnel,
and in the design and renovation of
public buildings. James is a mcmbcr
of the Maryland State Criminal
Justice Information System advisory
board and the Sclcct Comrnittce to
Evaluate Court Rcporting Tcch-
niques. She has an M.A. in Crimi-
nal Justice Administration from the
State University of New York a t
Albany and is a graduate fellow of
the Institute for Court
Management’s Court Executive
Development Program. Session
41 1.
Carol G . Kaplan is an assistant
deputy director in the Bureau of
Justice Statistics, where she is
responsible for programs in criminal
justice information policy and
federal statistics. Shc has becn
involved in the criminal justice
privacy, security, and information
policy program since it began under
the Law Enforcement Assistance
Administration. Kaplan has pamci-
pared in the development of land-
mark regulations governing data
quality and interstate exchange of
information and has directed
national efforts to increase the
quality of criminal history informa-
tion in the nation’s criminal record
systems. She was formerly an
attorney with the Department of
Health, Education and Welhre and
the Federal Communications
Commission. Kaplan is a graduate of
the Columbia Law School and
Radcliffe College. Session 220.
F. Dale
Kasparek, Jr., has
been the court
administrator in
the Court of
Common Pleas for
Stark County,
Ohio, since
Scptcmbcr 1981. Previously, he
was administrator of the Tenth
Judicial District in Anoka, Minn.
Kasparck is active in the National
Association for Court Management
and serves on its board of directors.
He has been the coordinator of the
vcndor exhibitions for the last two
annual meetings. Kasparek holds a
B.A. degree in criminology from
Indiana University of Pennsylvania
and a master’s degree in public
administration from the University
of Pittsburgh. Session 203.
James E. Kellcy is
district court
judge for Seventh
Judicial District of
Iowa, Scott
County, Daven-
port,Iowa. He
was appointed as a
0
trial judgc in 1981. From 1966 to
1981, Kellcy practiced law with
Lane & Waterman, in Davenport,
Iowa. He has been chair of the
Iowa State Judicial Council Sub-
committee on Court Records
Management and Retention since
1986. Kelley rcceivcd a BA. from
the University of Notre Dame in
1963 and a J.D. from the University
of Iowa College of Law in 1966.
He was Order of Coif candidate for
Masters in Judicial Studies, Univer-
sity of Nevada-Reno and National
Judicial College. Session 214.
Richard B. Klein
has been a trial
judge in
Philadelphia’s
Common Pleas
Court since his
appointment in
1971, when he
w3s the youngest judgc in the
history of Pennsylvania. He is an
honors graduate of Harvard Law
School and a Phi Beta Kappa
graduate ofAmherst College. As a
member of the American Bar
Association/Judicial Administration
Division Committee on Technology
and the Courts, he served as re-
corder and prepared the Draft
Recommendations and Guidelines
for Computer Support for Judges.
He was the founder and initial chair
of the Philadelphia Bar Association’s
“LUG-PC” (Lawyers User Group
for Personal Computing). Klein was
a panelist on the future of technol-
ogy at the “Future and the Courts
Conference” in San Antonio
sponsored by the American Judica-
ture Society and the State Justice
Institute. He is coauthor of the
Sheppard’s/McGraw-Hill trial
practice book, Trial Communica-
tion Skills, written with Body
Language author Julius Fast.
Session 208.
Susan Kocnig, a
senior staff
associate in the
National Center
for State Court’s
Western Regional
Office,has
provided automa-
tion and technology consulting for
state courts since joining the
National Center in 1986. During
the past several years, she has
pursued an interest in new technolo-
gies that have promise for improving
court operations and access to
courts by the public. Under grants
from the State Justice Institute and
the Bureau of Justice Statistics,
Koenig has directed several national
research projects to study the
feasibility of bar code technology,
optical imaging systems, and
facsimile technology for use in
courts. In her previous positions at
the University of California (and
currently at the National Center),
she has provided consulting services
in planning and managing technol-
ogy, requirements and design of
information systems, integration of
appropriate technologies, and
systems evaluation. She has served
as a faculty member for the Institute
for Court Management and has
made numerous presentations to
court audiences o n the hture of
technology in the courts. Her
recent projects include executive
information systems design, delay
reduction, and strategic planning for
automation. Koenig received a BA.
from A n ~ o c hCollege in 1973.
Session 31 1.
Justice System:
Probation and Parole” project and
the “Drug Identification, Screening,
and Testing in the Juvenile Justice
System” project. Konecke provides
assistance in methodology and
program selection and is responsible
for the development of a training
curriculum for these projects.
Konecke is the primary trainer for
the projects in the areas of method-
ology and program selection.
Session 219.
0. John
Kuenhold is a
district judge in
the Twelfth
Judicial District of
Colorado. He
rides circuit
through six
counties in south-central Colorado
with a land area the size of Con-
necticut and a population of
40,000. Kuenhold chairs the
Governor’s Community Correction
Council. He is a member of the
executive committee of the Colo-
rado District Judges’ Association
and the Colorado Supreme Court
Automation Committee, Colorado
Supreme Court Judicial Advisory
Council, Supreme Court Advisory
Committee to the Commission on
Judicial Pcrformance, and the
Colorado Courts of the Future Task
Force. Kuenhold has presented
programs on rural court automa-
tion, domestic violence, family,
community and the courts, ethics,
Sixth Amendment rights, and other
subjects at regional and national
conferences sponsored by the
National Judicial College, the Rural
Justice Center, the American Bar
Association, and the American
Judicature Society. He obtained his
legal education at the University of
Michigan Law School. He practice
law in Colorado from 1969 unril he
was appointed to the bench in
1981. Session 218.
Richard R Lamb
has served in the
9th Judicial
Circuit Court in
Ka lamazoo
County, Michi-
gan, since 1983.
He has been chief
circuit judge since 1985. Lamb
participates in numerous profes-
sional and civic organizations and
has extensive experience in college-
level teaching ,court procedures,
criminal investigations, criminal law,
and court administration. Lamb
received his law degree from the
Detroit College of Law in 1969 and
practiced law until his appointment
to the bench. Session 309.
David Langford
has been the
official court
reporter for the
116th Judicial
District Court in
Dallas, Texas,
since 1984. Since
1989 he has worked with the
Courts Computer-Integrated
Courtroom. Langford has been a
certified court reporter since 1979
and has had extensive experience in
teaching new techniques to court . .
reporters, judges, and court admin-
istrators as the computer-integrated
concept emerges. Session 309.
 R Dale LeFever,
is assistant chair-
man for manage-
ment and program
devclopmcn t,
Department of
Family Practice,
University of
Michigan Medical School, Ann
Arbor, Mich. In addition, he is
president ofApplied Theory, Inc., a
management consulting firm in Ann
Arbor, Mich., that specializes in
preparing individuals in law and
medicine for leadership roles. He
also serves as a senior Fdculty with
the Institute for Court Management
of the National Center for State
Courts. Since 1973, he has con-
ducted more than 500 leadership
and management development
programs for judges, court adminis-
trators, prosecuting and defense
attorneys, clerks, probation offices,
and other participants in the justice
system. Sponsors for these pro-
grams have included the Institute
for Court Management, the Na-
tional District Attorneys Associa-
tion, the Federal Judicial Center,
the U.S. Department of Justice, the
American Bar Association, the
National Center for Juvenile Justice,
and individual trial and appellate
courts in the United States and
Canada. His areas of expertise are
in leadership development, strategic
planning and the management of
organizational change. Session 403.
Harry Lcverette
is the information
resources coordi-
nator for the
Harris County
Criminal Courts at
Law. H e d e -
signed and now
manages a local area network of
Apple Macintosh computers, which
links 14 county courts with their
court manager’s office. H e is also
the designer/manager and “let’s-
connect-everything-to-everything”
guy behind the Harris County
Justice Internet, which inter-
connects the county mainframe and
more than 600 microcomputers
distributed across 7 different
agencies in the Harris County
justice community. He is a long-
time uscr of Macintosh computers
and an avid enthusiast of Macintosh
applications for MIDI and multime-
dia. He is currently working in the
conceptual phase of a “daily
caseflow management movie for
judges” project. Session 107.
Jim Maher is a
senior staff
attorney in the
National Center
for State Court’s
Northeastern
Regional Office.
Before joining the
National Ccnter, he was director of
court information systems for the
Allegheny County Court of Com-
mon Pleas in Pittsburgh, Pa.
Maher’s current dunes with the
National Center include preparing
automation requirements analyses
and criminal justice computer
systems at a U.N. Conference in
Havana, Cuba. H e has a B.S.
degree in chemistry from St.
Vincent College in Pennsylvania, an
M.B.A. from Trinity College in
Dublin, Ireland, and a J.D. degree
from Duquesne University School
of Law in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
He is a fellow of the Institute for
Court Management. Session 418.
David J. Mansen joined the Plexus
Software Division of Recognition
Equipment, Inc., in 1991 as the
senior product marketing manager
for software products after spending
five years as a partner in a Dallas-
based systems integration and
software development firm. Mansen
had previously spent ten years in
marketing at Computer Associates
and Datapoint. As the director of
marketing programs for Datapoint,
and subsequently Computer
Associates, Mansen focused on
programs aimed at the third-party
reseller channels of business. Mr.
Mansen has a B.S. in marketing
0
communications from TAnity
University in San Antonio and an
M.B.A. from Texas Christian
University in Forth Worth. Session
105.
Kathy L. Mays
has served as
director of judicial
planning in the
office of the
executive secretary
of the Supreme
Court of Virginia
since 1980. Within the statc court
administrator’s office, develops the
judiciary’s strategic and manage-
ment plans, conducts rcscarch for
judicial policy-making bodies and
the legislature, and maintains
statistical systems that provide
information on the workloads of the
courts. She was the project director
for the Commission on the Future
of Virginia’s Judicial System; and,
0
most recently, is administering a
project to establish marketing
research to obtain direct input from
court consumers on products and
services needed to improve court
operations. Before joining the state
court administrator’s office, she
directed criminal justice research
projects for the legislative branch of
Virginia government. Session 420.
Doug McCartney is the original
product manager for Lightship, the
leading EIS product for PCs and
LANs in the Microsoft Windows
marketplace. McCartney ovcrsees
the entire product line, consisting
of Lightship, Lightship Lens,
and Lightship SQL. Before
joining Pilot, McCartney was a
product manager for On-Line
Software, where he managed
0
 RAMIS, a leading 4GL reporting
and end-user development tool.
Before that he worked for GTE
Government Systems, where he
played a key role in the introducing
and using end-user computing
tools. McCartney holds an M.BA.
from Boston College and an
undergraduate degree from Colby
College in Waterville, Maine.
Session 104.
James L.
McCrystal served
in the Erie County
Common Pleas
Court from 1951
to 1987. He
received his law
degree from the
University of Michigan Law School
in 1943. H e has written numerous
articles, primarily concerning the
pre-recorded videotape trials system,
which was pioneered in his court in
Sandusky, Ohio. H e is past presi-
dent of the Common Pleas Judges
Association of Ohio and a ficulty
e member of the Ohio Judicial
College. He is also a member of the
National Center for State Courts
Videotape Advisory Committee.
Session 304.
William R
McMahon is the
presiding judge of
court of Fostoria,
Ohio. Before
joining the bench
in 1980,
McMahon had been assistant county
prosecutor and was in the private
practice of law. McMahon serves as
chair of the American Bar
Association’s (ABA’s) National
Council of Special Court Judges,
Modern Technology in the Courts
Committee. H e is a member of the
ABA working group o n court
automation and has served o n the
Ohio Supreme Court’s Technology
e
Committee. McMahon is involved
in many civic activities and other
professional associations. Session
209.
been state court
administrator for
1987. Before that
she was director of
judicial services for the Washington
State Oficc of Administrator for the
Courts. She has also served as court
planning officer for the District of
Columbia courts, planning coordi-
nator for the Kcntucky Department
of Justice, and manager of the
evaluation unit for the Kentucky
Department of Corrections
McQueen is a member of the
American and Washington state bar
associations, the Washington
Judicial Council, the Board of
Judicial Administration, and the
Board for Trial Court Education.
She received the ABA/National
Center for State Courts Jury
Standards Award in 1989, and in
1991 received the National Center
for State Courts Distinguished
Service Award. She completed the
program for senior executives in
state and local government at the
Harvard University John F.
Kennedy School of Government.
McQueen received a B.A. from the
University of Georgia and a J.D.
from the University of Puget Sound
Law School. Session 405.
Dennis Merritt is
the director of
marketing for
AICorp’s Com-
mercial Products
Division. In that
role he focuses on
the application of
knowledge-base technology in
commercial computing environ-
ments. Before working for AICorp,
he served as an editor for the James
Martin Report, specializing in expert
systems, fourth generation lan-
guages, and IBM’s Systems Applica-
tion Architecture. He has written
two books and many articles o n
logic programming. Session 102.
Don W. Mettert
founded Court
Vision Communi-
cations in 1972
and has become
nationally ac-
claimed as a
dedicated pioneer
and leader in the development of
video technology for legal and
judicial applications. Before receiv-
ing first place in Two-way Motion
Conferencing for Video Arraign-
ment Systems in 1989 at the
National TeleCon Awards Program
in San Jose, Calif., Court Vision had
established prominence in the field
of video documentation for the
Justice Department for the testi-
mony of Americans incarcerated in
foreign prisons.
He entered the field of televi-
sion broadcast production in 1955
and has accrued over 18 years in
videotape engineering with NBC
and the American Broadcasting
Company. Mettert attended Ohio
State University and is a graduate of
the Interlochen School of Music
University of Michigan. Session
304.
Arnold E. Miller
has more than 20
years of informa-
tion systems
experience in both
the public and
private sectors.
He has imple-
mented many system applications
through the full system life-cycles,
and has accomplished this on
mainframe, departmental, and PC
platforms. His information systems
experiences include judicial (civil,
family, municipal, criminal, proba-
tion), financial, manufacturing,
warehouse distribution, and sales
and marketing. He is past president
of the New Jersey IDMS 1Jsers
Association and past vicc president
of the Garden State Chapter of the
Association for Systems Manage-
ment. Miller is a member of the
National Association for Court
 Management. He has taught at the
community college level and has
been a speaker at IBM and Cullinet
Corporations. Miller has a bachelor
of business administration in
marketing from Pace University and
a masters of business administration
in finance from Seton Hall Univer-
sity. Session 421.
Arthur Miller is the Bruce Bromley
Professor of Law at Harvard Law
School, where he has taught since
1971. Before joining the Harvard
faculty, he practiced law in New
York City and taught at the Univer-
sity of Minnesota and the University
of Michigan. Miller is known
nationally for his work on court
procedure (on which he has written
or cowritten more than 25 books),
copyright and unfair competition,
and remedies. The general public,
however, knows him for his work in
the field of the right of privacy, on
which he has also written, testified,
debated, and helped formulate
legislation. His book The Asauft on
Privacy: Computers) Data Bank)
and Dossiers (1971) was extremely
influential. Since July 1980, Miller
has been making weekly appearances
as a law commentator on ABC’s
I Good Morning America program
and since 1987 he has hosted a
I nationally syndicated issues show
Headlines on Trial. H e has also
been a moderator o n the PBS series
The Constitution: That Delicate
Balance, Managing Our Miracles:
Health Care in America, Teworisrtr,
and The Presidency, winning an
Emmy award for The Soverebn Self:
H e has hosted a weekly television
show on law in Boston called
Miller’s Court for eight years.
Miller has an undergraduate degree
from the University of Rochester
and a law degree from Harvard Law
School. Session 406.
Ken Mittendorff
is director of the
managcmcnt
information
dcpartment, office
of the executive
secretary, Supreme
Court of Virginia.
Ken has worked at the Supreme
Court of Virginia since 1975. He
has worked on the Virginia Courts
Automation Information System
(CAIS) since 1980 and was a
systems analyst and the computer
operations manager for sevcn years
until his promotion to director in
1988. The CAIS system provides
casc management, financial, and
administrative automation to more
than 220 courts. Mittendorf has a
bachelor’s degree in engineering
from the University of Virginia and
a master’s degree in business from
Virginia Commonwealth University.
Session 407.
El
G. Thomas
Munsterman
$7 directs and \v3s
one of the incor-
porators of the
Center for Jury
Studies of the
National Center
for State Courts. He is coauthor of
A Guide t o jury System ManaJement
(1975), and directed the projects
that produccd A Guide to Juror
Usage (1974) and Methodology
Manual for/ury Systems (198 1). He
currently is directing a project to
help states adopt and implement the
American Bar Association Standards
Relating to Juror Use and Manage-
ment. He has directed studies to
provide plans, procedures, and
assistance to improve the jury
systems in most of the states and has
been quoted in Time, Wall Street
Journal, AUA Journal, and USA
Today. Munsterman holds a
B.S.E.E. from Northwestern
University and an M.S.E. from
George Washington University.
Session 2 16.
Frederick (Fritz)
Ohlrich has
served as assistant
court administra-
Y
.
3
tor of the Los
Angeles Municipal
Court, the
0
nation’s largest
limited jurisdiction court, since
1983. Ohlrich has 19 years of
experience in court administration
and 9 years in law enforcement. He
is a past president of the Court
Clerks Association of California and
the Los Angeles County Court
Administrators’ Association. Hc
holds a master’s degree in the
administration of justice and is a
graduate of the Institute for Court
Management’s Court Executive
Development Program. Session
202.
Vince Ordonez,
Jr., has scrved for
the past four years
as the assistant
court executive
officer for the
superior and
municipal courts
of Ventura County, Calif. His
responsibilities include all adminis-
0
trative, fiscal, budget preparation
and management, court records,
exhibits, microfilming, and auto-
mated systems. Hc was previously
principal administrative analyst with
the Vcntura County chief adminis-
trative offce, an administrative
officcr for the corrections service
agency, executive director for El
Concilio (a nonprofit Latino
umbrella agency representing 19
Latino organizations), and a
comm unity college inst ructor.
Ordonez received a B.A. in psychol-
ogy/sociology from Cal. State-
Northridge, and a B.S. in business
management from the University of
LaVernc. Session 308.
0
 John R P a y
joincd the Idaho
Administrative
Office of the
Courts in June of
1985. As assistant
director for trial
court services and
information systems, he serves as a
resource to the trial courts in the
areas of court automation, records
management, caseload statistics,
courthouse security, and delay
reduction strategies. Additionally,
he directs the activities of the
information systems department
within the administrative office of
the courts. Currently, Peay is
coordinating the statewide imple-
mentation of the ISTARS trial court
computer system for use by the trial
courts in the state of Idaho. Before
joining the administrative office of
the courts, Peay managed an
integrated criminal justice informa-
tion system in Monterey County,
Calif. Peay graduated from the
University of Utah with bachclor
degrees in political science and
geography, and holds a master of
science degree in judicial administra-
tion from the University of Denver
College of Law. John is a member
of the National Association for
Court Management and serves as
faculty to the Institute for Court
Management. Session 404.
David L. Phares
is the presiding
judge of the
Gilbert Municipal
Court in Gilbert,
Ariz. Previously,
he served 13 years
in Maricopa
County limited jurisdiction courts in
Chandler, Ariz. In addition, he
teaches criminal proccdure and rules
of evidence for the department of
justice studies at Mesa Community
College. Phares is one of the
original computer faculty at the
a National Judicial College and
currently teaches for the Institute
for Court Management. H e has
taught judicial computer applica-
tions for many state, federal, and
Canadian court education programs,
as well as for the American Bar
Association and the 1988 Second
National Conference on Court
Technology. Phares serves on the
Arizona Judicial Council’s Commit-
tee on Technology and is the editor
of The Judicial Computer Dictio-
nary. He is a partner in Judicial
Automation Systems, a judicial/
court automation consulting and
training group. I’hares has a
BA.Ed. and an M.A.Ed. from
Arizona Statc University. Session
207.
Raymond R Rainville has been a
staff member of the New Jersey
administrative office of the courts
since 1975. Since July 1980, he has
been chief of child support enforce-
ment services. H e is responsible for
coordinating and directing the
judiciary’s statewide child support
efforts. Rainville was the judiciary
representative to the management
team that developed and imple-
mented New Jersey’s Automated
Child Support Enforcement System.
H e also served as a member of the
federal Office of Child Support
Enforcement Committec on Judicial
Automation Regulations. Rainville
is past president of the National
Child Support Enforcement Asso-
ciation, and has been a member of
the board of directors of that
organization since 1984. He has a
B.S. in social sciences from
Monmouth College, a master’s
degree from Rider College, and has
completed his Ph.D dissertation at
Fordham University. Session 204.
Jimmy W. Ray
has had 24 years
of experience in
data and informa-
tion systems,
including opera-
tions, systems
programming,
applications systems analysis, design
and programming, and managc-
ment. He has been employed by
Harris County, Texas, since 1975
and has been thc director of the
justice information management
system department since October
1980. Ray holds a certificate in data
processing and is a certified systems
professional. He is the past presi-
dent of Texas Criminal Justice
Information Users’ Group, the
current vice president of the Texas
Association of Governmental Data
Processing Managers, and the Harris
County representative to Govern-
ment Management Sciences, an
international organization. Session
506.
James R Rebo
has managed the
original develop-
ment and opera-
tion of court
computer systems
in Pennsylvania,
Indiana, Minne-
sota, and , most recently, New
Jersey. Currcntly, he is responsible
for the computerization of all New
Jersey courts as assistant director for
information systems. H e had the
same responsibility in Minnesota
between 1977 and 1985. In
Minnesota, he also administered the
development and implementation of
the TCIS system for the Minnesota
courts. Approximately two-thirds of
New Jersey’s judicial caseload has
become computer-supported over
the last 6 years.. Rebo has been
extensively involved over the past 18
years in developing court computer
applications o n mainframes, distrib-
uted minicomputers, and personal
computers on largc local area
networks. Rebo served on the
faculty in the first two court tech-
nology confercnces in 1984 and
1988 and returns to the third
conference to lead a showcase
session on PC/mainframe coopera-
tive processing. Rebo received his
undergraduate and graduate
education a t Miami University in
Oxford, Ohio. Session 421.
 Ryan Rcinhold
automated his
courts in 1984
using a microcom-
puter with
statistical,
calendaring, and
. . .
dockenng soft-
ware. He has taught at the Institute
for Court Management and the
National Judicial College and was a
presenter at the last court technol-
ogy conference in Denver. Elected
judge of the Justice Court in Navajo
County, Ariz., in 1977, with
concurrent appointment as a city
judge, a juvenile court referee, and a
tribal judge of the White Mountain
Apache Indian Reservation,
Reinhold presides in a rural, moun-
tainous region of east-central
Arizona. H e has sat on special
appointment in 1 2 county courts, 6
municipal courts, and 3 tribal courts
as a trial and appellate judge.
Session 207.
K. Pcter Richard,
a native of Halifix,
Nova Scotia, was
appointed to the
Supreme Court of
Nova Scotia in
1978. Other
positions include
chair of the Canadian Judges
Computer Advisory Committee,
instructor in computer use with
National Judicial Institute, director
of the Canadian Institute for the
Administration of Justice, and
contributor to Computer News for
Judges (a publication of the com-
puter advisory committee). Richard
also served on a panel on tcchnol-
ogy at the Ninth Commonwealth
Law conference in April 1990 in
Auckland, New Zealand. H e has a
bachelor of commerce from St. F. X.
university and a bachelor of laws
from Dalhousie University. Session
209.
Alan M.
Schuman has
been the director
of the social
services division
for the superior
court of the
District of Colum-
bia since 1972. H e is responsible
for adult, juvenile, and family social
services. Schuman was a staff
member of the President’s Crime
Commission for the District of
Columbia from 1965 to 1967. His
previous experience includes
director of youth services and
superintendent of the Lorton Youth
Center, department of corrections,
Washington, D.C. Schuman is a
cofounder and former vice president
of the National Association of
Probation Executives and is a past
president of the Middle Atlantic
States Correctional Association. H e
is a former member of the board of
directors of the National Council on
Crime and Delinquency and the
board of directors of the American
Probation and Parole Association.
(He is president-elect of the APPA.)
Schuman has been a ficulty member
of the National Academy of Correc-
tions, the National Narcotics
Interdiction Project, and the
National Intermediate Sanctions
Project.
Schuman received his M.S.W. in
psychiatric social work from Loyola
University, Chicago. He is a
graduate fellow of the Institute for
Court Management and for 10 years
served as a codirector of the Na-
tional Center for State Courts/
Institute for Court Management
adult probation seminar. Session
213.
Mary McFall-
Shcrrill worked
for the computer/
robotics firm of
b b o t i c s Technol-
ogy in Houston,
Texas before
becoming a
systems analyst for a Denver nct-
working company, Pritronix. In
1987, she was hired by the Colo-
rado state court administrators office
to work on a grant funded by the
State Justice Institute. For this
project, she was the analyst and
programmer for the small claim and
child support “touch-screen”
program, which has been installed in
ten areas throughout Colorado,
and, with individual modifications,
other states as well. McFall-Sherrill
is a systems analyst currently
working on multiple projects to
bring ncw technology to the courts
of Colorado. She graduated from
Colorado State University in 1983
with a bachelors degree in geology.
Session 305.
Bernard Shipley is program
manager for the statc branch of thc
Bureau of Justice Statistics. H e
manages and coordinatcs a $27
million, 3-year, national program to
improve federal and statc criminal
history records. Shiplcy was a
member of the B JS tcam that
developed a report on systems for
identifying felons who attempt to
purchase firearms and he cowrotc a
report for the BJS National Recidi-
vism Reporting System (NRRS)
program. He manages 10 statcs’
statistical analysis centcrs. Shiplcy
has more than 30 years of experi-
ence in the managcmcnt, dcsign,
development, and operation of
computer-based information and
statistical system. H e has a B.S.
from Wilson Collegc and a M A .
from American University. Scssion
220.
Jcrry L. Short is
president of
QUINDECA,
Inc., an Aspcn,
Colo., company
that provides a full
range of court
managcrncnt
 consulting and automation support
scrviccs to trial and appcllate courts
throughout the country. H e
pionccred the use of bar codc
technology for the California courts
in the 1980s and has since intc-
grated the technology in virtually all
aspects of court operations. Session
303.
Douglas K.
Somerlot is the
staff director of
the American Bar
Association/
Judicial Adminis-
tration Division’s
Lawyers Confer-
ence and project director of the
Task Force on Reduction of Litiga-
tion Cost and Delay. He edits the
task force’s quarterly newsletter,
Change Exchange, wrote Defeating
Delay: Developing and Implementing
a Court Delay Reduction Program,
and cowrote the ABA monograph
Caseflow Management in the Trial
Court: Now and For the Future, and
e the new ABA text Delay on Appeal:
A Processfor IdentrfLing Causes and
Cures. “Straightening Out Delay in
Civil Litigation,’’ (28/4 The Judges
Journal 10, 1989), an article
Somerlot cowrote, was reprinted as
a chapter in Courts l 3 a t Succeed: Six
Profiles of Successful Courts (National
Center for State Courts, 1990). His
previous positions include dircctor
of legislative and fiscal affairs,
Supreme Court of Ohio); clerk and
administrator, Court o f Claims of
Ohio and assistant administrative
director, Suprcme Court of Ohio.
Somcrlot received a B.A. from
Bowling Green State University and
J.D. from Ohio State University
College of Law. He is a graduate
fellow of the Institute of Court
Management. Somerlot received
the 1989 American Bar Association
Achievement Award. Session 601.
Bob Taylor is a senior marketing
representative with GRID Systems
Corporation in Dallas, Texas.
Session 106.
D m Thompson,
a native of Lon-
don, Ontario, had
aspirations of
bccoming a
professional
football player
until an accident
in 1980 severed his spinal column,
rendering him a quadriplegic a t age
16. After about a year of rehabilita-
tion, he began educating
tomorrow’s ph ysiothcrapists,
occupational therapists, and medical
students on the cffccts of drinking
and driving and how they should
treat people during the rchabilita-
tion process. Hc enrolled and
completed thc Radio Broadcasting
Course a t Fanshawe College and
earned a bachclor’s degrec from the
University of Western Ontario. I n
1989 Dan joined the Ontario
Provincial Civil Service as the
disabilities initiative job broker for
the Ministry of Community and
Social Services. His mandate was to
seek out technology to enhance the
performance of disabled applicants.
Kol Vox Inc. offered an avenue
through which people with mobility
impairments could greatly increase
their productivity. A voice-activated
computer known as DragonDictatc
allows people to turn their comput-
ers into voice typewriters. Session
108.
Lew Tippett
works in Mead
Data Central’s
electronic legal
document-
management
dcpartment. He
assists and con-
sults with state and fedcral courts
and agencies as they scck to providc
electronic access to their dccisions,
orders, and dockets. He serves on
thc American Rar Association’s
Judicial Elcctronic Data Interchange
Committee. Tippctt formerly
servcd as a trial court administrator
in Georgia, where his courts consis-
tcntly maintained the lowest mean
casc-disposition times in thc state.
H c has also served on the Georgia
Judicial Council’s and National
Association for Court
Managcmcnt’s technology commit-
t e a . Tippctt received his J.D.
degree from the University of
Georgia and his B.A. degree from
Georgia Southern University.
Session 103.
Stephen J.
Ventre is a court
commissioner-
judge pro tem of
the Arizona
Superior Court,
Maricopa County.
While in thc
gcneral practice of law he began his
involvement with computerization
of law offices, at a time when
personal computers had not even
come onto the scene. Ventre
designs and dcvelops computer
application programs specifically for
judges and court systems, including
an clcctronic version of a judge’s
trial benchbook. He is a member of
the Arizona Judicial Council’s
Cornmittcc on Tcchnology, chair of
the subcommittee on Telecommu-
nications for the Supreme Court of
Arizona, and former sysop of the
National Judicial Network. Ventre
has trained judges in the use of
personal computers in several states
and serves as ficulty for the Institute
for Court Management of the
National Center for State Courts
and the National Judicial College.
He is a graduate of Fordham
Univcrsity and Fordham Law
School (1971), New York City and
is admittcd to the bars ofArizona,
Ncw York, and the federal courts.
Session 310.
 J. Douglas
Walker is a scnior
staff associate in
the Southcastcrn
Regional Office of
thc National
Ccntcr for State
Courts. Since
joining the National Ccnter in
1982, he has dircctcd and partici-
pated in a wide varicty of court
technology and automation projects
at both the local and state Icvcls,
such as conducting automation
requirements analyses, devcloping
conceptual and detailed systcm
designs, dcvcloping court applica-
tion s o h a r c , cvaluating cxisting
systems, devcloping long-rangc
technology automation plans, and
providing short-term technical
assistance. Among other statc-level
court technology projects, he
directed a projcct to develop a
master plan for starcwide automa-
tion of thc ,Maryland circuit courts
and is currently directing a projcct
to assist the administrativc office of
the courts of Pucrto Rico in its
statewide automation efforts. H e
also was on the ficulty of the last
court tcch nology conference.
Before joining thc National Center,
Walker was a senior computcr
systems analyst for the University of
North Carolina, where he directed
the development of large-scale
administrative systems. Wal kcr
received a B.A. degree in English
and holds an M.S.degree in com-
puter science from the Univcrsity of
North Carolina at Chapcl Hill.
Session 416.
Carl R Ward has
been the director
of the information
systcms division
for thc Oregon
judicial depart-
mcnt since 1985.
During his tenure
the Oregon judicial department has
developed and installcd uniform,
state-wide, casc management,
financial managcment, and jury
managcmcnt systcms. I n addition,
clcctronic legal rcscarch, court casc
statistics, oficc automation and a
varicty of othcr clcctronic tools havc
bccn dclivcrcd to thc dcsk of cvcry
judge, managcr, and clcrk in the
dcpartmcnt. Bcforc joining thc
Orcgon judicial department, Ward
was a programmer and a program-
ming managcr for thc Lane County
courts. H e reccivcd his I3.S. in
computer scicncc and psychology
from thc Univcrsity of Oregon.
Scssion 40 1.
Bob Wessels is
thc court managcr
for the 14 county
criminal courts at
held sincc 1976.
He is responsiblc for cascflow
managcment, the court budget,
lcgislativc/govcrnmcntal liaisons,
managcmcnt information systcms,
court support serviccs, policy
development, and cvaluation.
Wessels evaluated court systcms for
the criminal justice division of the
governors office, the judicial
planning committee, and many
county governments. Wcssels also
directs the Professional Dcvclop-
mcnt Program for Tcxas Court
Administrators and Coordinators.
Hc has taught in court manage-
mcnt, judicial administration, and
managcmcnt information systcms as
an adjunct professor a t the Univcr-
sity of Houston-Clear Lake and Sam
Houston State University. Wcssels
received his B.B.A. From Sam
Houston State University, his M.A.
from the University of Houston-
Clear Lake, and is a fellow of the
Institute for Court Managcmcnt.
Scssion 41 0.
Rob West is
director of judicial
architccturc a t
Hansen Lind
Mcycr, Architec-
ture, Enginccring,
0
Planning. Hc is a
principal with
HLM and has several courthouse
dcsigns to his credit. Wcst has
experience with county and state
detention, corrcctional, and judicial
facilitics, from master planning
through design and construction.
West’s work was cxhibitcd in the
1985, 1990, and 1991 AIA/ACA
Architccturc for Justice Exhibition,
with his court designs receiving two
of only six national citations of
cxccllcnce in 1991. West received a
Bachelor of Architecture from the
Univcrsity of Wisconsin in 1978 and
professional registration in 1979.
Session 306.
bccn employed in
the Pennsylvania
state government
for 15 years.
0
During that time
she has adminis-
tcred fcderally-funded energy
programs for the exccutivc branch
and dcsigncd and installed a data-
p roccssin g and word - processin g
systcm for the House of Rcprcsenta-
tivcs. I n 1987 she becamc coordi-
nator for statewide automation and
contract administrator for the
administrativc ofice of Pennsylvania
courts. Her goal ovcr the past 4
years has been to integrate adminis-
trative, training, and technical staff
into a single team working toward
judicial unity partly through com-
pu tcriza tion. Willoughby’s dedica-
tion to dcvcloping open communi-
cation bctwccn technical and
nontcchnical staff and system users
has Icd to an cxccllcnt working
cnvironmcnt in one of the largest
automated judicial projects in the
country. Session 402. 0
 Raleigh B.
Wilson is vice
president of sales
for Simpact
Associates’ voice
processing
products and
services group.
H e has 20 years of business, market-
ing, and sales experience in telecom-
munications. Most recently, he was
vice president of sales and marketing
at DAS, Inc., a leading interactive
voice-response system provider.
Previously, he held top management
positions at Datasave, Inc., and
AT&T, where he was responsible
for selling network services to more
than 2.5 million customers. Wilson
has a BA. in finance from the
University of Utah. Session 301.
Robert L.
Womack directs
computer services
a t Hale and Door
in Boston, Mass.
H e manages the
firm’s office
automation,
computer operations, software
engineering, and systems engineer-
ing services. The computer services
department provides such services as
word processing, trust operatiom,
and MIS support for attorneys and
service departments. Before joining
Hale and Dorr in 1983, Womack
worked for the National Center for
State Courts and for Witan, Inc., a
facility management company for
court information and records
management systems. Womack has
been a fellow of the National
Science Fouridation and of the
National Defense Foreign Language
Foundation. H e is a Major in the
U S . Army Reserve. Womack
received his B.A. cum laude from
Rice University in 1971, where he
was a fellow of Will Rice College.
In 1973, he received his M.A. from
Harvard University. Session 418.
Rolen Yoshinaga
has twenty ycars
of cxpcricncc in
thc design,
development, and
management of
information
systems in govern-
ment and privatc industry. As a
specialist in thc design of complex,
large-scale information systems, he
has performed independcnt consult-
ing work for major manufacturing
firms in finance and tax applications.
From 1984 to 1990 he workcd as
the information systems planning
specialist for the Utah Commission
o n Criminal and Juvenile Justice.
Yoshinaga is presently employed by
the Utah administrative office of thc
courts as director of data processing
undertaking a major project involv-
ing open systems and downsizing
concepts. Session 505.
Mark A.
Zaffarano directs
judicial operations
for the Fairfax,
Virginia Circuit
Court. He has
served as the
executive editor of
The Court Manager, a quarterly
publication of the National Associa-
tion for Court Management. He is
on the steering committee of the
Forum for Advancement of Court
Technology, is a member of the
editorial board of the Justice System
Journal, and serves on the faculty of
the Institute for Court Management
and Virginia Commonwealth
University. Currently, Zaffirano is
completing his dissertation for the
doctorate of public administration
from George Mason University. He
earned a B.A. in political science
from the University of Virginia and
an M.P.A. with a specialization in
court administration from the
University of Southern California.
Session 601.
Franklin M.
Zweig is senior
research staff
scientist at the
Center for Health
Policy Research at
the George
Washington
Univcrsity and an adjunct professor
of law a t Georgetown University.
His work emphasizes the rclation-
ship between science and law. He
heads the ccnter’s research and
technical assistance activities in law
and judicial policy studies and is the
principal investigator for four
projects: scientific validity for the
courts; the Federal Judges Science
Seminar; independent scientific
information and experts for the state
courts; and a project o n toxic torts
and state courts that will recom-
mend a science training curriculum
and methodology for judges
presiding in toxic exposure litiga-
tion.
Zwcig was senior investigator
and author of a study to forecast
alternative futures for state courts.
The study was published under the
title “Securing the Future for
America’s State Courts,” Judicature,
April/May, 1990. Zweig’s most-
recent studies of administrative
adjudication of medical negligence
disputes were published in July
1991 as “Forging a Truce Between
Medicine and Justice,’’ 1 Courts,
Health Science and the Law, 4. His
Ph.D. in policy studies was awarded
by Brandeis University. His law
degree was awarded by the State
University of New York a t Buffalo.
H e was professor of policy science
and dean of the School of Social
Policy and Community Service,
SUNY Buffilo, for 12 years. Session
307.
e
 e

d
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4
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Cosponso~sOverview

P articipants and supporters of the Third National Court Technology Conference are fortu-
nate that so many organizations have stepped forward to support a conference focused
on improving courts through appropriate applications of technology. All the conference
cosponsors are dedicated to improving the services of government or some aspect of the judicial
system. The descriptions that follow briefly relate the important and interesting goals and
projects of the conference cosponsors. If you would like more information on any of these
organizations, you may contact them at the addresses listed at the end of this section.
The National Center for State Courts (the primary conference organizer) and the State
Justice Institute, which is cosponsoring the conference through significant financial support,
wish to thank the other cosponsors for their support and endorsement of CTC 111.

National Center for State Courts (NCSC)
The National Center for State Courts was founded
in 1971 at the urging of Chief Justice Warren E. Burger
to serve as a central rcsource for the state courts.
Today, through seven offices throughout the United
States, it meets the needs of the state courts by working
in four areas.
Rescarch projects explore the causes of prob-
lems in the state courts, test possible solutions,
and compile statistical pictures of the work of
the state courts.
Education and training programs, conducted
by the National Center’s Institute for Court
Management, offer specialized training in
judicial administration by a faculty of academics
and practitioners.
Information exchange allows states to learn
from each others’ experiences. The National
Center monitors and collects information on
trends in the courts and distributes that infor-
mation on request to courts and others inter-
ested in judiaal administration.
Direct assistance projects help individual state
courts and court systems take advantage of the
National e n t e r ’ s experience and expertise to
solve specific problems. kcommendations are
customized to the needs of the individual
court.
In addition to court technology, the National
Center’s projects cover delay reduction, calendar
management, court facilities guidelines, appellate courts,
jury management, alternative dispute resolution, judicial
performance evaluations, and other topics. The
National Center for State Courts is a private, nonprofit
corporation dedicated to improving the administration
of justice in the state courts.
The State Justice Institute (SJI)
The State Justice Institute is a private, nonprofit
corporation established in 1984 by Congress to provide
financial support to projects designed to improve the
administration of justice in the state courts. Its goals
are to
direct a national program of assistance to
ensure that all U.S.atizens have ready access to
a Fdir and effective judiaal system;
foster coordination and cooperation with the
federal judiciary;
serve as a clearinghouse and information center
for information about state judiaal systems; and
encourage judicial education and support
personnel in state court services.
Conference of Chief Justices (CCJ)
The Conference of Chief Justices consists of the
highest judicial officers in the court systems of each of
the nation’s states and territories and is dedicated to
improving the state court systems. Each current
president of CCJ also chairs the National Center for
State Courts’ board of directors. Secretariat serviccs for
CCJ are provided by the National Center for State
courts.
Conference of State Court Administrators (COSCA)
The Conference of State Court Administrators .
consists of the highest judicial administrator in the court
systems of each of the nation’s states and territories and
is dedicated to improving the state court systems. Each
current prcsidcnt of COSCA is also vice-chairperson of
thc National Center for Statc Courts' board of direc-
tors. Sccrccariat services for COSCA are provided by
the National Ccntcr fbr State Courts.
National Association for Court Management
(NACM)
Thc National Association for Court Management is
a professional association consisting of more than 2,000
court managers from all parts of the United States
NACM's purpose is to increase the proficiency of
judicial administrators through thc cxchangc of infor-
mation. NACM mcmbcrs solve problems of court
operations through meetings, correspondence, publica-
tions, and standing committees.
NACM was established by thc consolidation of thc
National Association of Trial Court Administrators and
the National Assodation for Court Administration on
May 6,1985. Included in the ranks of the association
are administrators of most of the country's courts, a
number of whom have pioneered innovative systems for
resolving major administrative problems.
American Bar Association, Judicial Administration
Division (ABAAAD)
The Judicial Administration Division of the Ameri-
can Bar Assodation consists of five judicial confcrcnces
(Fcdcral, Appellate, Statc Trial, Special Court, and
Administrativc Law) with approximatcly 4,000 mem-
bers and a Lawycrs Confcrence with almost 2,000
members. The mission of thc division and its conkr-
cnces is to improve the system of justice and ensure that
all pcoplc receivc prompt and equal justice. Thc ABA/
JAD considers technology a significant fictor in the
courts' effortsto improve and provide cfficicnt scrvicc.
Each of its confcrcnces has an active tcchnology com-
mittcc that has helped prescnt technology programs at
virtually every ABA annual meeting. In addition,
through its major publication, ThC Judgw Journal, and
the newsletters publishcd by its conferences, ABA/ JAD
members arc kcpt up-to-date on court technology
devclopmcnts and successful projects.
ABA/JAD Appellate Judges Confcrcnce
The Appcllatc Judges Conference was created in
1964 and is composcd of state and federal appellate
judges. Thc confkrcncc conducts five continuing
education seminars a year for appellate judges, one for
appellate ccntral-staff attorneys, and one for appellate
court dcrks. Biannually, it presents an in-depth brief-
writing and oral-argument skills program for appellate
lawyers. W i
th the University ofVirginia Law School, it
o&rs an U . M dcgrce for appcllatc judge.
ABA/JAD Committee on the Traffic Court
Program
The Committee on the Traffic Court Program
supervises the ABA's oldest public service program,
which was started in 1942 to reducc traffic deaths. Thc
0
committee's many innovations include automation of
traffic courts, first with punch-cards and later with
electronic data processing, and, more than fifteen years
ago, with CRT dcvices; popularization of the ABA
uniform "no-fix" traffic ticket; and promotion of thc
Model Rubs Governing Procedure in Traflc Cases, which
brought modern procedures to traffic courts while
expediting handling of cases.
The committec promotes adoption of the ABA
Standardsfm T r a . cJum'ce, which it wrotc and dis-
seminates. It promotes improved traffic courts through
publications such as the classic Trafic Corrrt Procedure
and Administration, which is now in a second edition,
videocassette tapes, and education programs, such as thc
annual ABA Traffic Court Seminar, cosponsored with
the National Conference of Special Court Judges and
the National Judicial Collegc. The comrnittec also
works with the public and responds to requests for
information from many schools, safety organizations,
and individuals. The Committcc on Traffic Court
Program represcnts thc ABA on national organizations
such as the National Committee on Uniform Traffic
Laws and Ordinances and thc Alliancc for Traffic Safety.
ABA/JAD Lawyers Conference
0
Thc Lawycrs Conference, formed in 1975, is
composed of all American Bar Assodation/Judicial
Administration Division mcmbers who arc not f i l l
members of a judicial conference, including law stu-
dents and nonjudge associates such as nonlawyer court
administrators. The confercncc hclps the judicial
conkrenccs with thcir projects as well as undertaking
its own projects and programs. For example, the
Lawycrs Conference is leading efforts to implemcnt thc
ABA Court Delay Reduction Standards through its Task
Force on Reduction of Litigation Cost and Delay. The
confercncc newsletter, Lawyer$ Letter, is published thrcc
times a year.
Thc Committee on Modernizing Trial Techniques
and Procedures has surveyed JAD members for sugges-
tions to improve the trial of civil caxs. Results of that
survey wcre used to develop recommendations that havc
been incorporatcd into draft Trial Management Stan-
dards, submittcd to thc ABA House of Delegates in
February 1992. Through articles and annual meeting
technology programs, thc confcrencc cmphasizcs court-
and law-office computcr intefice.
0
ABA/JAD National Conference of Administrative
Law Judges (NCALJ)
The National Conference of Administrative Law
Judges, established in 1971, is the only nationwide
organization of federal and state administrative law
judges. It is concerned with the administrative process
and status of judges of administrative mbunals and
speaks out nationally through the American Bar Asso-
ciation. The conference has taken a leading part in
defining, supporting, and maintaining the judicial
independence of administrative law judges where such
independence has been challenged.
Each year the conference sponsors an intensive one-
day educational symposium in Washington, D.C. It
also publishes the quarterly Nnosknn; which keeps
members abreast of important developments in adminis-
trative law. The conference's activities are carried on
through more than one dozcn committees. Member-
ship is open to all administrative law judges who preside
at mals and make decisions on the record thereof under
the Federal Administrative Procedure Act, U.S.C. $556
et seq., or under any similar federal or state law.
ABA/JAD National Conference of Federal Trial
J4.w
The National Conference of Federal Trial Judges
was created in 1972 to provide a forum for federal trial
judges. The conkrence works to improve the adminis-
tration of justice in the federal mal courts through
confcrences, seminars, educational programs, and other
appropriate programs and collects and disxminatcs
recommendations for the solution of problems in
federal mal courts.
ABA/JAD National Conference of Special Court
Judges
Established in 1969, the National Conference of
Special Court Judges is the only judiaal organization in
the country devoted exclusively to the interests of
judges serving on courts of speaalizcd or limited
jurisdiction, is., juvenile, Fdmily, probate, criminal, civil,
&c, small claims, metropolitan and military courts.
The conference gathers, studies, develops, creates, and
disseminates information on substantive and procedural
law and court administration pertaining to special
courts.
ABA/JAD National Conference of State Trial
Judges
The National Conference of State Trial Judges, an
organization of judges of general jurisdiction, was
founded in 1958 to bring judges into nationwide court
improvement cffbrts. While maintaining that purpose,
the conference has grown to also address the profes-
sional concerns of its members. The conference
maintains its interest in judicial education by supporting
the National Judicial College and an extensive program
at the ABA annual meeting. Its publications indude
The Judge's Book, used for orientation of new judges and
as a reference for experienced judges, the quarterly
newsletter TrialJudges News, Standardsfor Judicial
Education, Standards Relating to Court Delay Reduc-
tion, and the Bench Book Planning Manual, which helps
state court systems develop reference works for judges
to use during trials.
Conference committees work in many areas to meet
the professional needs of trial judges and to improve
courts and judges. Its Task Force on Technology and
the Future of the Courts is studying and has developed
draft recommendations for the application of new
technology to the courts and communication beween
courts and law offices. Recommendations to improve
the mal process have been incorporated in the draft
Trial Management Standards by the Court Delay
Reduction Committee and submitted as a proposal to
the ABA House of Delegates in February 1992.
ABAfJAD Council of Chief Judges of Courts of
APPCal
Created in 1980, the Council of Chief Judges of
Courts of Appeal was formed to provide the chief
judges of state intermediate appellate courts an organi-
zation that addressed the administrative challenges
facing high-volume intermediate appellate courts. The
council conducts one educational seminar each year
devoted to court administration and cascload manage-
ment, emphasizing the latest innovations. Currently,
106 chief judges sit on 37 intermediate state courts of
appeal.
ABA Section of Criminal Justice
The mission of the ABA Section of Criminal Justice
is to improve the criminal justice system and to serve its
members, the profession, and the public. The section
currently has more than 8,800 members, who include
prosecutors, private defense lawyers, law profcssors,
public defenders, appellate and mal judges, and correc-
tional and law enforcement personnel. With its interdis-
ciplinary membership base, the section spearheads the
ABA's work on issues involving crime, criminal law, and
the administration of criminal and juvenile justice; plays
an active role in bringing ABA views to the attention of
the U.S.Supreme Court, the U.S.Congress, the legal
profession, and the public; and serves as a resource to its
members on issues on the "cutting edge" of change in
uiminal law.
Criminal Justice Section committees are active on
many fronts and include committees on drugs, defense
functions, defense services, grand jury, international
criminal law, juvenile justice, race and racism in the
criminal justicc system, prison and jail problems,
prosecution functions, RICO cascs, rules of criminal
procedure and cvidcncc, U.S.scntcncing guidelines,
victims, and whitc collar crime. The section publishes a
quartcrly magazine, CriminalJ m i c t .
Administrative Officc of the United States Courts
Many o f the support hnctions of the federal court
system arc pcrformed by the Administrative Office of
thc Unitcd States Courts, which prepares and submits
to Congrcss thc budgct and lcgislative agenda for the
courts; provides administrative assistance to the clcrical
st& of thc courts, thc probation officers, bankruptcy
judges, magismtes, rcportcrs, and other court person-
ncl; audits and disburses moncy for the opcration of thc is a national, independent, mcmbcrship-bascd organiza-
courts; compiles and publishes statistics on thc volumc
and distribution of thc business in the courts; supplics
profcssional seuctariat, Icgal, and statistical services to court-improvcment organization in which lawycrs,
committees of the Judicial Conference of the United
Statcs; and conducts studics of court proccdures for the improve the nation’s justice system. Thc society
Judicial Conkrcncc. Thc office also maintains liaison
with thc other intcrestcd groups including congressional nars; it publishcs the referccd journal, Judicarurc, and
committees and cxccutivc branch agcncics.
American Association ofLaw Libraries (AALL)
Thc American Association of Law Librarics was
founded in 1906 fbr educational and scicntific purposcs.
It exists to provide lcadcrship in thc ficld of legal
information, fostcr the profcssional growth of law
librarians, dcvclop the profession of law
librarianship, and incrcasc thc value of law librarics
to thc lcgal community and thc public.
The association is devoted to influcncing the
dcvclopmcnt of lcgal information resources and infor-
mation policy in the nation and thc world and to
dcvcloping thc informational and rcscarch quality of law tion in those cffons, and trains judicial nominating
librarics. Thc association is member-driven, accom-
plishing its goals through thc work of committees and
13 special intcrcst sections, including onc for statc,
court, and county law libraries.
American Judges Association (AJA)
Currcntly, AJA has a mcmbership of approximatcly
2,300,which indudcs both current and former judges
of courts o f all jurisdictions in thc United States,
Canada, Pucrto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, and thc
Virgin Islands. Its board of govcrnors is composcd of
representatives fiom fourtccn regional districts.
The objectives o f thc association arc to (1)promote well as rclcvant issues, through its periodical Ptrsptctivtf.
and improve thc cffcctivc adminismtion of justicc, (2)
maintain the status and indcpcndcnce of thc judiciary,
and (3)provide a forum for the continuing education of Intcrvcntion Training Program and thc APPA Child
its members and thc general public and for the intcr-
changc of idcas of a judicial nature among all judges.
AJA has sponsored more than 25 annual confercnces,
bringing togcthcr leading jurists, legal scholars, and law
enforcement officcrs to discus matters of importance
affecting the judiciary. Thc association also publishcs a
scholarly journal, the quarterly Court RGP~G~P; and the
rcscarch arm of AJA, thc American Judges Foundation,
0
Inc. (AJF), studies problems primarily affecting the
lower courts and makes recommendations for implc-
menting solutions. AJA presents an award of merit tach
year to an outstanding jurist for significant conmbu-
tions to our judicial systems. The National Ccntcr for
Statc Courts provides secretariat scrvices for AJA.
American Judicature Society (AJS)
The American Judicature Socicty, founded in 1913,
tion whose mission is to improve thc administration of
justicc. AJS is unique in that it is the only national
judges, and public-spirited citizens work together to
conducts research and sponsors confcrcnccs and scmi-
ncwslcttcrs, monographs and reports about courts and
judges.
AJS also opcratcs two national clcaringhouscs, onc
on judicial cthics and thc othcr on judicial sclcction.
The Ccnter for Judicial Conduct Organizations pro-
vides
duct
ethical
information
commissions;
issucs for
and assistance to statc judicial con-
prcscnts cducational programs on
conduct cornmissioncrs, court employ-
0
ces and judges; and publishes materials on judicial
conduct and cthics. Thc Elmo B. Hunter Citizens
Ccnter for Judicial Sclection acts as an information
clcaringhousc on judicial sclccnon, promotes judicial
selection rcform projects, cncouragcs citizen participa-
commissioners.
American Probation and Parole Association (APPA)
Thc APPA membership is madc up of practitioncrs
in probation, parole, and community-bascd corrcctions
from both thc United States and Canada. Members
include line staff, supervisors and senior administrators,
cducators, volunteers, and concerned citizens with an
intcrcst in criminal and juvcnilc justice. Thc APPA
providcs a clcar voicc For the field and a ncnvork for
information and action. The membership is kept up-to-
datc and informed o f current practice methodology, as
The APPA conducts rcscarch and dcvclopmcnt
activities such as thc APPA/NAPE National Narcotics
Abusc Training Program. APPA conducts thc only
national institutc in which thc program content and
exhibits arc dcsigncd specifically for ficld scrviccs and
0
 community-based practitioners. Future conference
dates include St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 30-Sept. 2,1992;
e Philadelphia, Pa., summer 1993; and Phoenix, Ariz.,
summer 1994.
American Society for Public Administration (ASPA)
The American Society for Public Administration
has served public administration for a half century. A
national organization, ASPA is dedicated to advancing
excellence in public service and asserting its dignity and
worth. Through its network of local chapters, national
special &us sections, and 16,000 members and other
supporters, ASPA promotes recognition of public
service achievements, develops a substantive dialogue on
relevant issues, and enhances the professional develop-
ment of its membership. To further its mission, ASPA
communicates the importance and value of
public service;
encourages high ethical standards and has
developed a highly acclaimed Code of Ethics
with guidelines for implementation;
speaks out in support of public service and
conducts a special initiative to improve the
public’s perception of government and restore
confidence in public servants;
develops positions on significant public man-
agement and public interest issues;
publishes the Public Adminimation RcvittP, an
up-to-date newspaper, many special books, and
other publications.
Association of Records Managers and Administra-
tors (ARMA)
ARMA International, the Association of Records
Managers and Administrators, has 11,500 members
who are professionals in records and information
management. ARMA’s mission is to: (1) advance the
practice of records and information management as a
discipline and a profcssion; (2) organize and promote
programs of rcscarch, education, mining, and network-
ing within the profcssion; (3) support the enhancement
of professionalism of the membership; and (4) promote
cooperativc endeavors with related professional groups.
Council for Court Excellence (CCE)
Founded in 1982, the Council for Court Excellence
is a nonprofit organization dedicated to improving the
administration of justice in the local and federal courts
and related agencies in the Washington, D.C., metro-
politan area and the nation. The council’s volunteer
board of directors represents the judicial, legal, business,
and civic communities. Financial support is provided by
0 individuals, law firms,businesses, and foundations.
The council accomplishes its goals by improving
public understanding of the justice system; enhancing
public support for the justice system; identifjhg and
analyzing public policy issues; developing and advocat-
ing solutions; and facilitating the adoption of new
technology and procedures.
Council of State Governments (CSG)
For more than half a century, the Council of State
Governments has served as a common ground for the
states of the nation. As a national, nonpartisan, non-
profit public service organization, the council serves to
unite elected and appointed officials from every branch
of state government. The council was founded in 1933
by Colorado Senator Henry Wolcott Toll on thc
premise that the states themselves are the best sources of
innovations, ideas, insights, and information. Today,
CSG serves more than 15,000 legislative, executive and
judicial branch rcpresentarives by helping the states
improve their legislative, administrative, and judicial
practices; promoting statc-local and interstate coopera-
tion and defining regional problems; promoting coordi-
nation of state government-sponsored agencies within
the regions of the council; and serving as a broad
instrument for bringing together all elements of state
govern men t .
From a central headquarters in Lexington, Ky.,
CSG serves all state officials as a research broker,
information clearinghouse, and communications
network. From CSG’s Washington D.C. office, the
council monitors Capitol Hill, the White House,and
federal agencies, informing the states of national
developments of importance to them. The Council’s
four regional offices in Atlanta, San Francisco, Chicago,
and New York focus on specific geographic concerns
and related research and information needs.
Federal Court Clerks Association (PCCA)
The Federal Court Clerks Association was formed
in 1922 in Washington, D.C., by a group of 15 federal
court clerks who believed they could voice their views
more effectively if they joined together in a formal
organization. In 1981 a clerks council was fbrmed; a
deputy clerks council was formed in 1983. Today the
FCCA boasts more than 1,700 members.
The association promotes the professionalism and
integrity of the federal judiciary, works to increase the
proficiency of court employees, supports the indepen-
dence of the judiciary, and fosters cooperation between
courts and the community. Two classes of membership
are offered in the FCCA. An Active member is any
employee or retiree of a U.S.court. Associate members
include current or retired employees of the judicial
branch.
The Federal Judicial Center (PJC)
The Federal Judicial Center, which was established
by Congress in 1967,is the continuing-education and
rcsearch arm of the federal judicial system. By statute,
the U.S.chief justice chairs the center’s board, which
also includes the director of the Administrative Office of
the U.S.Courts and six judges elected by the Judicial
Conference. The board appoints the center’s director
and deputy director. The Federal Judicial Center:
provides educational programs for federal
judges and nonjudicial personnel, including
clerk’s office personnel and probation officers;
produces educational audio and video media
and a range of research and educational publi-
cations;
undertakes empirical and exploratory research
on court and case management in the federal
judiciary; and
develops programs on fkdcral judicial history
and helps the courts with such programs.
The center’s information services office maintains a
specialized collection of materials on judicial administra-
tion. Copies of the center’s annual report and its
Catalod of Publications are available by writing to
Information Services, 1520 H Street, N.W., Washing-
ton, D.C., 20005.
F o m on the Advancement of Court Technology
(FACT)
T h e Forum on the Advancement of Court Technol-
ogy is a consomum o f private-sector companies and
court representatives dedicated to improving the quality
of justice through communication between those who
develop and provide technology products and services
and those who manage the courts. FACT seeks to
improve the process of developing and acquiring
technology and to increase and improve opportunities
for the private sector to learn about court priorities and
issues and for decision makers in the courts to learn
about technology.
FACT’S goals are to:
provide the courts an opportunity to acquaint
the private sector with court needs and prob-
lems that might be met or solved by technol-
ogy;
provide the private sector an opportunity to
acquaint the courts with products that have a
potential court use;
identif) and develop ways to eliminate barriers
that prevent the private sector from helping the
courts use technology;
identif) for rcsearch and development potential
ways that courts could use technology in the
futurc; and
identif) the courts’ needs for technology
training and the private sector’s needs for
training in court operations.
Institute of Judicial Administration (IJA)
The Institute of Judicial Administration works to
0
promote court modernization and improve the quality
of our judicial system; to study the judicial system and
publish the results; and to offer educational programs to
judges, court administrators, legislators, attorneys, and
others in this country and from foreign lands who have
a special interest in improving the availability and
quality of justice in all courts.
The institute is an independent charitable corpora-
tion governed by a board of fellows elected by the
members. Membership is by invitation to lawyers,
judges, and others who are actively interested in im-
proving the judicial system. Currently, the institute has
more than 800 members fiom fifiy states and several
foreign countries.
International Association of Clerks, Recorders,
Election Oficials, and Treasurers (IACREOT)
The International Association of Clerks, kcorders,
Election Officials, and Treasurers was founded in 1971
to fill the need for a professional organization that
would:
0 Provide a forum through which county officials
could engage in the full, Frank, fiee exchange of
information.
0
0 Improve standards of operation that will best
serve the public.
0 Encourage the passage of uniform laws govern-
ing the operation of county offices.
0 Speak with a unified voice on matters of
importance to county officials.
0 Exemplify what is best in public service.
0 Foster positive relations with legislators and
busincss and community groups.
0 Cultivate friendships with others holding
similar offices around the world.
T h e Justice Research Institute (JRI)
The Justice Research Institute provides answers to
traditional court problems, which are accelerated by
growing caseloads and declining resources, through new
multi-disciplinary initiatives. JRI brings together the
best thinking from a variety of fields including strategic
planning, business, management, and judicial adminis-
tration. JRI offers extensive management consulting
services and independent research enabling policy
makers to develop the broad information base required
for credible decision-making. From its adminismtive
offices in Philadelphia, Pa., the institute serves the
American and international justice communities by
0
* strengthening existing- organizations
- and building new
systems in r&ponse to societal change based on the rule
oflaw.
National Academy of Public Administration
(NAPA)
Persons elected to the academy must have made
significant scholarly contributions to public administra-
tion or have had considerable administrative experience
and exhibit interest and a reflective nature. The
academy’s goals are to provide advicc and assistance to
governments at all lcvels on problems of public adminis-
tration; help improve the policies, processes, and
institutions of public administration through early
identification of significant trends and problems;
evaluate program performance and administrative
progress; and encourage education in and understand-
ing of public administration and its critical role in the
advancement of a democratic society. The academy also
conducts seminars and symposia.
National Association of Counties (NACo)
The National Association of Counties is the only
organization representing county government in the
United States. Its membership includes urban, subur-
ban, and rural counties. Two-thirds of the nation’s
3,107 counties belong to NACo. Members share the
common purpose of strengthening county government
to meet the needs of all Americans.
National Association of County Recorders and
Clerks (NACRC)
The membership of the National Association of
County Recorders and Clerks includes elected and
appointed county recorders and clerks. The organiza-
tion promotes efficient business methods in conducting
the public’s business, especially in the offices of county
recorder or clerk. NACRC conducts seminars and
provides for information exchange.
National Association of Government Archives and
Records Administrators (NAGARA)
The National Association of Government Archives
and Records Administrators is a nationwide association
of local, state, and federal records administrators and
others interested in improved administration of govern-
ment records. NAGARA’s objectives are to:
encourage continuous exchange of information
among government archives and records
agencies to improve their programs and
SClVicCS;
provide opportunities for government records
administrators and archivists at all levels to meet
and discuss problems and issues;
help h e r cooperative approaches to common
governmcnt records problems;
develop and implement professional standards
for government records and archival adminis-
tration; and
promote increased awareness of the importance
of government records and of the value of
adequate programs for their administration
In recent years, somc NAGARA initiatives indude:
a study of information clearinghouse needs in
the archival and records management fields
publish State Government Records and the
Public Intercrt to bring attention to the impor-
tance of state government rccords and the need
for strong, efficient management programs;
develop statements on electronic records and
government information policy;
establish a committee on information tcchnol-
ogy to develop approaches to deal with issues in
this area.
National Association of Pretrial Services Agencies
(NAPSA)
The National Association of Pretrial Services
Agencies is the national professional association for the
pretrial release and pretrial diversion fields. The associa-
tion provides a forum for ideas and issues and seeks to
promote the establishment of agencies to provide
pretrial services. In addition to promoting research and
development and exchange of information, NAPSA is
also dedicated to enhancing the professional compe-
tence of its members. Although it is primarily an
organization of pretrial services practitioners, many
others, including judges, defense lawyers, prosecutors,
correctional officials, and researchers, belong to NAPSA
and participate in its national and regional conferences.
National Association of Prosecutor Coordinators
(NAPC)
The National Association of Prosecutor Coordina-
tors is a private, nonprofit corporation consisting of 64
members from the United States and Canada. Its
purposes are to improve the exchange of information
regarding training, coordination, and technical assis-
tance to prosecuting attorneys. These services arc
provided by different sources in different states, includ-
ing attorney general’s offices; private offices; private,
nonprofit corporations; and divisions of universities.
The group meets semi-annually and has dose ties to the
National District Attorneys Association and the Na-
tional College of District Attorneys.
National Association of State Information Resource
Executives (NASIRE)
NASIRE represents information resource executives
and managers from the 50 states, 6 U.S.territories, and
the District of Columbia. Rcpresentatives from federal,
municipal, and foreign governments also participate in
the organization as associate members. Through
regular meetings and a new electronic bulletin board,
members can interact with each, share succcssful
solutions to common problems, and keep abreast of
state and national developments that may affect infor-
mation technology and its applications.
The asxxiation was founded in 1969 as the Na-
tional Association for State Information Systems. In
1989,the membership voted to undertake a major
realignment of the association, including changing its
name, expanding its membership, and transferring
administrative services to the Council of State Govern-
ments.
National Association of State Judicial Educators
(NMJE)
The National k o c i a t i o n of State Judicial Educa- mission is to improve the administration of justice,
tors was founded in 1975 to provide a clearinghouse for pamcularly with regard to issues that impact on women
an emerging b o d y of specialized judicial education
materials and techniques, and to improve state judicial
education programs. The association’s activities
include:
improving professional education and growth
and broadening the experience of state judicial
educators;
developing standards for the continuing
education of state judges;
maintaining a clearinghouse for the exchange of
materials, techniques, and information;
providing a h u m for the development of
progressive theories of judicial education;
promoting judicial education research and
development; and
representing and promoting the interests of
state and local judicial education programs.
The association is a nonprofit organization sup-
ported by its members, who arc administrators of
educational programs for judges and court personnel.
These programs scwe ncarly 28,000 judges and
300,000support personnel.
National Association of State Telecommunications
Directors (NASTD)
The National Association of State Telecommunica-
tions Directors is an association of the 50 state telecom- African-Americans, to provide legal services to the poor,
munications directors who provide or manage tclccom- and to ensure fairness and diversity in the judicial
munications rwurces for state agencies and their
institutions, including scrviccs, products, cnginecring,
and procurement. The assodation provides for the
exchange of ideas and concepts pertaining to state
telecommunications, including the operation, maintc-
nance, purchase, lease, etc., of telecommunications
services, products, and equipment; exchanges informa-
tion about vendors, manuhcturers, and consultants;
0
presents, where possible, a unified position on matters
of national telecommunications policy that could affect
the states, including regulatory matters; and improves
telecommunications support through exchanging ideas,
concepts, and technological information.
National Association of Women Judges (NAWJ)
NAWJ is a nonprofit professional association with a
nationwide membership nearing 1,000.NAWJ ad-
dresses the unique needs of women in the active
practice of the judiciary. Through its annual conkr-
cnce, this group provides educational programs as well
as an opportunity to meet, share ideas, and support each
other.
In 1980,the NAWJ established what is now the
Women Judges’ Fund for Justice as an independent,
nonprofit educational and research organization. Its
in the justice system. Some of its projects include:
on-going workshops on judicial issues related
to bioethics, such as matcrnal/fctal relations or
death and dying;
faculty training workshops for the National
Judicial College (NJC) to introduce gender
0
fairness issues into NJC’s education programs;
developing and prcscnting state judicial educa-
tion programs that incorporate gender fiimess
into child custody/visitation and spousal
support;
publication of a pamphlet that informs and
educates the general public on the forms of
gender bias and its prevalence in the court
system.
National Bar Association, Judicial Council
The National Bar Association, the nation’s oldest
and largest minority bar association, was established on
August 1,1925,“to advance the science ofjurispru-
dence, uphold the honor of the legal profcssion,
promote social intercourse among the members of the
bar, and protect the civil and political rights of all
citizcns of the several states of the United States.”
From the 1920s through the 1990s the NBA has been
in the forefront of the movements to win civil rights for
system. The NBA has 75 affiliate chapters and 13,000
members. The NBA is committed to the profcssional
growth of its judicial and attorney members. Each year
0
the NBA holds or cosponsors several meetings that offer
accredited continuing education for its members.
National Center for Automated Information Re-
trieval (NCAIR)
NCAIR, a nonprofit, educational corporation
chartered by the state of New York, has been actively
engaged in studying and applying technology to the
legal and accounting professions since 1966. Its
purposes are to study modern methods of research and
information retrieval; educate the professions in these
methods; and promote the development and availability
of thcsc methods so that the profcssion may be con-
ducted with competence and skill. '
NCAIR supported and assisted in developing
LEXIS,the first viable computer-assisted research
system. Under a unique agreement between NCAIR
and Mead Data Central, NCAIR-consistent with the
terms of its chartcr--sponsored and monitored the
performance of the LEXIS federal libraries. NCAIR has
funded projects to stimulate creation and improvement
of curriculum materials and teaching techniques at law,
accounting, and business schools to promote innovative
and fuller usc of computer-assisted rescarch systems.
NCAIR funds p n t s and, from time to time, directly
sponsors programs that promote its charter purposes.
Although only a limited number of projects can be
funded each year, NCAIR welcomes proposals for
innovative application of technology in the professional
practice.
National Child Support Enforcement Association
(NCSEA)
The National Child Support Enforcement Associa-
tion is a not-fbr-profit membership organization
devoted to promoting and protecting the well-being of
children and their h i l i e s through effective enforce-
mcnt of child support obligations. NCSEA mcmbers
encompass the full spectrum of profcssionals in the field:
federal, state and local government workers (including
front line workers, lawyers, managers, and administra-
tors), mcmbers of the judiciary and legislatures, private
attorneys involved in the practice of h i l y law, child
support advocates, corporations, other not-for-profit
related organizations, and private atizcns.
National College of Probate Judges (NCPJ)
Thc National College of Probate Judges was
organized in 1968 to improve the administration of
justice in courts with probate jurisdiction. It is the only
national organization dedicated exclusively to improve-
ment in probate law and the probate courts. The major
purposes of the college are to promote efficient admin-
istration of justice in the probate courts and provide
opportunities for continuing judiaal education for
probate judges and related personnel. Membership of
the college currently stands at more than 600 probate
judges and probate court personnel representing most
states.
Membership in the National College of Probate
Judges is open to judges exercising probate jurisdiction
and others involved in the fields of probate, trust, and
family law. In cooperation with the Boston University
School of Law, NCPJ publishes a law journal covering
significant developments and trends in probate law.
The National Center for State Courts provides secre-
tariat services for the National College of Probate
courts.
National Conference of Appellate Court Clerks
(NCACC)
The National Conference of Appellate Court Clerk
is an organization formed to improve the skill and
knowledge of appellate clerks by offering educational
opportunities, promote effective court administration
among appellate clerks, and collect and maintain
information and ideas regarding the operation and
improvement of the offices of appellate clerks. Mem-
bership is open to all clerks, assistant or deputy clerks,
and similar positions in appellate courts of the federal,
state and District of Columbia court systems. The
National Center for State Courts provides secretariat
services for the National Conference of Appellate Court
Clerks.
National Conference of Bankruptcy Clerks (NCBC)
The National Conference of Bankruptcy Clerks is
an association of clerk, deputy clerks, judges, and
attorneys dedicated to improving the bankruptcy
system. The confcrcnce works with judicial and
nonjudicial associations, groups, and organizations,
including Congrcss to ensure that all aspects of legisla-
tion and all views on bankruptcy issues are fully ex-
plored before implementation. Membership is open to
anyone who is dedicated to promoting the integrity of
the judicial system.
National Confcrcncc of Metropolitan Courts
(NCMC)
Established in 1963, the National Conkrencc of
Metropolitan Courts is an independent charitable and
research organization made up of presiding and chief
judges of major trial courts in the nation's largest cities.
Through annual educational conferences, various
research projects and other programs, the conference
works to identifj, evaluate, develop, and distribute
methods of improving the administration of justice in
our urban m a l courts. The conference provides a
vehicle for a continuing examination of strengths and
weaknesses of metropolitan courts through the eyes of
experienced judges. It finds outstanding new court
practices that have been tried out and proved workable
and gains commitment to these programs from the
judges who have the experience, ability and authority to
put them into action.
At annual conferences, hosted by the major cities
throughout the nation, judges from all over the country
are brought together to discuss and study various
judicial and administrative problems that plague our
nation’s courts.
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court
Judges
The National Council of Juvenile and Family Court
Judges is a 54-year-old membership organization of the
nation’s juvenile and fimily court judges, with more
than 2,500 members. Its headquarters are on the
campus of the University of Nevada, Reno. A primary
goal of the National Council is to offer continuing
education for mal and appellate court judges and
related court personnel on issues related to juvenile and
family law, The National Council is dedicated to
improving standards, practices, and efictiveness of the
juvenile courts and other courts having jurisdiction over
children and fimilics through continuing education
programs, research, technical assistance and publica-
tions. The council conducts more than 120 educational
programs yearly, in Reno and throughout the country.
The National Center for Juvenile Justice, estab-
lished in 1973 in Pittsburgh, Pa., is the research arm of
the National Council. Its activities include collecting
and analyzing juvenile and fimily court statistics,
monitoring changes in applicable state laws, conducting
court management studies, and providing technical
assistance to courts and court-related agencies. The
National Council is a major publisher, issuing the
monthly Juvenile and Family Law D i p t of new cases,
the quarterly Juvenile and Family Gunjournal on
special one-topic reports or amcles of interest to the
field, and the Juvenile and Family Coun Newsletter.
National Court Reporters Association (NCRA)
The National Court Reporters Association was
established in 1899 as the National Shorthand Report-
ers Association, the profcssional association for court
reporters. The current membership of 30,000 includes
over 16,000 working official and fieelance shorthand
reporters. Other membership categories include
student, retired, honorary, and associate members. As
the professional association for court reporters, NCRA
is committed to serving its members, the court systems,
the bar, and public through programs that promote
excellence in reporting.
National District Attorneys Association
The National District Attorneys Association is the
professional association of the country’s dismct attor-
neys and their assistants. Founded in 1950,the associa-
tion today has nearly 7,000 members representing every
0
state and virtually every community in the country. It is
governed by a board of directors with representativcs
from every state. A number of subcommittees are
responsible for such areas as drug control, child abuse,
child-support enforcement, prosecutorial ethics, metro-
politan, suburban, and rural prosecution problems,
organized crime, prosecution management, and juvenile
justice.
The Prosecutors Research Institute (APIU) is the
association’s program and research affiliate. It was
conceived in the early 1980s and is designed to con-
tinue the tradition of providing profcssional and timely
assistance to prosecutors and other law enforcement
professionals and the public they serve. The institute
has developed a child-abuse prosecution manual that
has become the standard work in the field and is
providing training and technical assistance to kderal,
state, and local entities throughout America. The
institute is also heavily involved in developing drug-
control programs, including training, and is currently
developing a drug-prosecution manual.
National Governors’ Association (NGA)
As it approaches the twenty-first century, the
United States fices challenges that transcend state lincs
0
and national borders. This country must shape eco-
nomic policies for a competitive marketplace it no
longer dominates. It must recognize its responsibility
toward workers who are displaced by shifts in industry
and trade; poorly educated and unemployed youth who
are unprepared for an incrcasingly sophisticated job
market; poor fimilies who are the second or third
generation on welfare; and an cnvironment that requires
carehl stewardship.
The nation’s governors arc at the forefront of
efforts to find viable, practical solutions to these and
other complex human and economic problems. They
know that long-term investments in our people and our
infrastructure are critical to building a competitive
nation. They understand the delicate interplay between
social and economic issues. They are keenly aware that
developing partnerships are not only inherent in good
government, they are basic to progress.
0
National Judicial College (NJC) Canadian judiciary, such as alternative dispute resolu-
Since 1965 the National Judicial College has been tion and mediation, caseflow management, comparative
located on the campus of the University of Nevada, constitutional law, computers for judges, conduct of
Reno. The Judicial College contains classrooms, complex trials, criminal procedure and evidence, cross
discussion areas, offices for the permanent staff, and a cultural/native perspectives, early orientation for new
law library of more than 60,000 volumes. The ficulty judges, gender bias, judicial ethics, pretrial conferences,
consists of more than 150 active judges, justices, and executive management orientation seminar. Its quar-
law profcssors who volunteer their time and talents. terly newsletter for judges, the Bulbtin, is an important
The judiaal ficulty is supplemented by professionals source of information for the Canadian judiciary. An
from other disciplines, physicians, psychiamsts, psy- extensive reference library on judiaal education has
chologists, communications and computer specialists, been established.
probation and correction offiaals, and others.
In addition to offering 50 resident courses of one to SEARCH Group, Inc.
four weeks in duration, N JC sponsors seminars and SEARCH Group, Inc. is the National Consomum
conferences on important social and legal issues such as for Justice Information and Statistics, a nonprofit
bioethics, victims) rights, jail and prison overcrowding, organization of thc states dedicated to improving the
and the courts and the elderly. Seventy-three judges are criminal justice system through the innovative applica-
currently enrolled in the Master of Judicial Studies tion of information technology. The SEARCH mem-
program, the nation’s only advanced degree program bership group is composed of governor-appointees from
for trial judges, conducted in cooperation with the each state and temtories. Since its formation in 1969,
University of Nevada, Reno. Since 1965, NJC has SEARCH has provided leadership in creating state-of-
conducted more than 270 state and regional programs the-art information systems and computer software;
in cooperation with state and national judicial organiza- advocating responsible law and policy; conducting
tions. timely statistical research; and amculating criminal
justice information.issues before the legislative, execu-
National Judicial Institute (Canada) tive and judicial branches of the federal government.
The origins of the National Judicial Institute date
to October 1986, when Justice W. A. Stevenson,
formerly of the Alberta Court of Appeal and now of the
Supreme Court of Canada, submitted his report,
“Towards the Creation of A National Judicial Educa-
tion Centre for Canada.” This report recommended
the establishment of a Canadian judiaal center funded
by both the provincial and federal governments to serve
all of the judiaary. O n April 18,1988, the National
Judiaal Institute was incorporated as the Canadian
Judicial Centre and established a five-member board of
governors, with the chief justice of Canada, Justice
Brian Dickson, as chair. That same month, Justice T.
David Marshall was appointed the first executive
director. O n May 22,1991, the name of the Canadian
Judiaal Centre was changed to National Judicial
Institute. It is located on the campus of the University
of Ottawa, adjacent to the ficulty of law, and now has a
permanent professional and administrative staff of
eleven.
The institute is an educational and research organi-
zation for both federally and provincially appointed
judges. Generally, the institute’s programs have focused
on a wide range of areas, with an emphasis in training
for new judges, substantive law subjects, and skills and
sensitivity training. Through research and educational
programs, the National Judicial Institute has addressed
numerous and varied issues of vital importance to the
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Cosponso~sAddresses a

T he following list will help you can obtain more information on cosponsoring organizations
and their projects, activities, and membership.

National Center for State Courts American Bar Association, Judicial Admin-
300 Newport Avenue istration Division (ABA/JAD)
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798 750 North Lake Shore Drive
(804) 253-2000 Chicago, IL 60611
(312) 988-5000
State Justice Institute
1650 King Street, Suite 600 ABA/JAD Appellate Judges Conference
Alexandria, VA 22314 750 North Lake Shore Drive
(703) 684-6100 Chicago, IL 60611
(312) 988-5000
Conference of Chief Justices (CCJ)
c/o National Center for State Courts ABAfJAD Committee on the Traffic Court
Attn: Brenda Williams Program
300 Newport Avenue 750 North Lake Shore Drive
Wfiamsburg, VA 23187-8798 Chicago, IL 60611
(804) 253-2000 (312) 988-5000
Conference of State Court Administrators ABA/JAD Lawyers’ Conference
(COSCA) 750 North Lake Shore Drive
c/o National Center for State Courts Chicago, IL 60611
Ann: Shelley Rockwell (312) 988-5000
300 Newport Avenue
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798 ABA/JAD National Conference of Admin-
(804) 253-2000 istrative Law Judges
750 North Lake Shore Drive
National Association for Court Chicago, IL 60611
Management (NACM) (312) 988-5000
c/o National Center for State Courts
Attn: Linda Perkins ABA/JAD National Conference of Federal
300 Newport Avenue Trial Judges
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798 750 North Lake Shore Drive
(804) 253-2000 Chicago, IL 60611
(312) 988-5000
 ABA/JAD National Conference of Special American Probation and Parole Association
Court Judges c/o Council of State Governments
750 North Lake Shore Drive P.O. Box 11910
Chicago, IL 60611 Lexington, KY 40578
(312) 988-5000 (606) 231-1915

ABA/JAD National Conference of State American Society for Public Administration

Trial Judges (ASPA)
750 North Lake Shore Drive 1120 G Street, N.W., Suite 500
Chicago, IL 60611 Washington, DC 20005
(312) 988-5000 (202) 393-7878

ABA/JAD/AJC Council of Chief Judges Association of Records Managers and

750 North Lake Shore Drive Administrators (ARMA)
Chicago, IL 60611 ARMA International
(312) 988-5000 4200 Somerset Drive, Suite 215
Prairie Village, KS 66208
ABA, Criminal Justice Section (800) 422-2762
\ 1800 M Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20036 Council for Court Excellence (CCE)
(202) 331-2260 1025 Vermont Avenue, N.W., Suite 510
Washington, DC 20005
Administrative Office of the U.S.C o u r t s (202) 783-7736
811 Vermont Avenue, N.W.
0 Washington, DC 20544
(202) 633-6106
Council of State Governments (CSG)
P.O. Box 11910
Iron Works Pike
American Association of Law Libraries Lexington, KY 40578
(UL) (606) 231-1939
53 West Jackson Boulevard
Suite 940 Federal Court Clerks Association (FCCA)
Chicago, IL 60604 Carol Fitzgerald
( 3 12) 939-4764 President, FCCA
U.S.District Court
American Judges Association (AJA) District of Nevada
c/o National Center for State Courts 300 Las Vegas Boulevard, South
Attn: Shelley Rockwell Las Vegas, NV 89101
300 Newport Avenue (702) 388-6351
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798
(804) 253-2000 The Federal Judicial Center (FJC)
1520 H Street, N.W.
American Judicature Society (AJS) Washington, DC 20005
25 East Washington Street (202) 633-6311
Suite 1600
Chicago, IL 60602
(312) 558-6900
 Forum on the Advancement of Court National Association of Government
Technology (FACT) Archives and Records Administrators
c/o National Center for State Courts
Attn: Charles Ferrell
(NAGARA)
c/o Council of State Governments
0
300 Newport Avenue P.O. Box 11910
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798 3560 Iron Works Pike
I (804) 253-2000 Lexington, KY 40578-1910
(606) 231-1939
Institute of Judicial Administration (IJA)
One Washington Square Village National Association of Pretrial Services
New York, NY 10012 Agencies (NAPSA)
(212) 998-6280 802 McCormack Post Ofice and Courthouse
Boston, MA 02109
International Association of Clerks, We- (617) 223-4071
corders, Election Oficials, and Treasurers
I (IACREOT) National Association of Prosecutor
Clyde R Weber, Jr. Coordinators
Clerk of Court, Concordia Parish James W. Clark
P.O. Box 790 National Association of Prosecutor
Vidalia, LA 71 31 3 Coordinators
(318) 336-4204 Executive Director, Kansas County and
District Attorneys Association
The Justice Research Institute 827 South Topeka Avenue
I
516 South Third Street
Philadelphia, PA 19147-2308
(215) 574-8030
Topeka, KS 66612
(913) 357-6351 0
National Association of State Information
National Academy of Public Resource Executives (NASIRE)
Administration (NAPA) c/o Council of State Governments
1120 G Street, N.W., Suite 540 P.O. Box 11910
Washington, DC 20005 3560 Iron Works Pike
(202) 347-3190 Lexington, KY 40578-1910
(606) 231-1939
National Association of Counties (NACo)
440 First Street, N.W. National Association of State Judicial
Washington, DC 20001 Educators (NASJE)
(202) 393-6226 Jerry K. Beatty
President, NASJE
National Association of County Recorders Education & Planning
& Clerks (NACRC) State Court Administrator’s Office
c/o NACo State Capitol
440 First Street, N.W. Des Moines, IA 50319
Washington, DC 20001 (515) 281-6869
(202) 393-6226

0
 National Association of State National Conference of Appellate Court
Telecommunications Directors (NASTD) Clerks (NCACC)
0 c/o Council of State Governments
P.O. Box 11910
c/o National Center for State Courts
Attn: Shelley Rockwell
3560 Iron Works Pike 300 Newport Avenue
Lexington, KY 40578- 1910 Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798
(606) 231-1939 (804) 253-2000

National Association of Women Judges National Conference of Bankruptcy Clerks

(NAWI) (NCBC)
c/o National Center for State Courts Jeffrey A. Apperson
Attn: Karen Heroy President, NCBC
300 Newport Avenue 414C Gene Snyder Courthouse
Wfiamsburg, VA 23187-8798 601 West Broadway
(804) 253-2000 Louisville, KY 40204
(502) 582-5140
National Bar Association, Judicial Council
1225 11th Street, N.W. National Conference of Metropolitan
Washington, DC 20001 Courts (NCMC)
(202) 842-3900 Joseph A. Sullivan
Executive Director
National Center for Automated Bodman Longley & Dahling
Idormation Retrieval (NCAIR) 100 Renaissance Center, 34th Floor
165 E. 72nd Street, Suite 1 B
0 NewYork,NY 10021
(212) 249-0760
Detroit, MI 48243
(313) 259-7777

National Council of Juvenile 8c Family

National Child Support Enforcement Court Judges
Association (NCSEA) P.O. Box 8978
444 N. Capitol Street, Suite 613 University of Nevada
Washington, DC 20001 Reno,NV 89507
(202) 624-8180 (702) 784-6012

National College of Probate Judges (NCPJ) National Court Reporters Association

c/o National Center for State Courts (NCW
Attn: Shelley Rockwell 8224 Old Courthouse Road
300 Newport Avenue Vienna, VA 22182-3808
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8798 (703) 556-6285
(804) 253-2000
National District Attorneys Association
1033 N. Fairfax
Alexandria, VA 22314
(703) 549-9222

National Governors’ Association (NGA)

444 N. Capitol
Washington, DC 20001
(202) 624-5300

The National Judicial College (NJC)

Judicial College Building
University of Nevada
Reno,NV 89557
(702) 784-6747

National Judicial Institute (Canada)

100 Sir Thomas Moore Street
Ottawa, Ontario KlN 6N5
(613) 564-9808

SEARCH Group, Inc.

7311 Greenhaven Drive, Suite 145
Sacramento, CA 95831
(916) 392-2550
I
 l
i

'
;.
 Third National Court Technology Conference
PTivate -sect0 r Par ticipati0n

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Exhibition
A. Overview
B. Schedule
C. Floor plan
D. Exhibitor list by booth number
E. Tips to make the most of the exhibition
F. Exhibitor index (alphabetical) and
exhibitor descriptions

11. Exhibitor program sessions

A. Schedule
B. Session descriptions
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Private-sector Participatiovc Overview

D eveloping cooperation between the courts and private-sector technology companies is an

important part of the Third National Court Technology Conference (CTC 111),which
provides many opportunities for participants to meet with companies offering techno-
logical solutions to court management problems.

Exhibition
On Thursday, March 12, and Friday, March 13, the Khmer Pavilion at the h e w s Anatole will
be the site of an exhibition featuring state-of-the-art technologies and applications to improve
court operations. Exhibits will feature software solutions and hardware products, legal research
services, court reporting systems, imaging and optical disk technologies, security equipment, au-
dio/video/multimedia systems, communications components, drug testing/diagnostic instru-
ments, and much more.

Exhibitor program sessions

To complement the exhibition, exhibitor program sessions will be held on Thursday and Friday
afiernoons (fiom 3:45 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. and 5:OO p.m. to 6:OO p.m.) after the educational pro-
@ grams are over. Conference participants can learn more about companies and products of inter-
est through these presentations.

Event sponsorship and support

Several companies have provided additional support to CTC I11 by sponsoring conference
events, contributing to prize drawings at the exhibition, and providing technical support to the
conference. All exhibitors are hosting the reception on Thursday evening, March 12 (6:OO p.m.
to 8:OO p.m.), in the Khmer Pavilion.
The cosponsors of the Third National Court Technology Conference are grateful to the fol-
lowing companies for their generous support of the Third National Court Technology Confer-
ence:

Mead Data Central:Sponsor of the CTC I11 open-

LD(IS'.Nmg* ing reception on Wednesday, March 11,6:00 p.m..

Digital Equipment Corporation: A contributing

sponsor of the CTC I11 opening banquet and keynote
address on Wednesday, March 11, 7:OO p.m.
 Supply Tech, In. Supply Tech, Inc.: A contributing sponsor for
Uaclmnk Data Interchange
Bar Coding
refreshment breaks on Thursday, March 12.

The CTC I11 cosponsors thank the following companies for participating in exhibition prize
drawings on Friday, March 13:

Bill SCT Systems and Computer Technology Corp. (SCT)

Manatron, Inc.

CHOICE Choice Information Systems, Inc.

Information Systems, Inc.

The CTC I11 cosponsors thank the following companies for contributing technical support
to the conference:

InFis
E V S ~ E Y S
InFocus Systems, for contributing computer
display units.

Dell Computers, for contributing personal

computers for the "hands-on" sessions.

The CTC I11 cosponsors thank the following companies for providing CTC I11 mementos:

LEXIS'.ND(sm Mead Data Central, for providing CTC I11 totebags.

ATEK Information Services, Inc., for providing

CTC I11 mousepads.
Third National Court Technology Conference

Exhibition Schedule

LOCATION:
Khmer Pavilion, h e w s Anatole
(located on the third level; access by walkway, elevator,
and escalator fiom mezzanine level)

EXHIBITION HOURS:
llrwvsday, March 12
9:OO a.m. to 500 p.m. Regular exhibit hours
5:OO p.m. to 6:OO p.m. Exhibit area closed (reception set-up)
6:OO p.m. to 8:OO p.m. Exhibitors’ reception

Friday, March 13
1O:OO a.m. to 6:OO p.m. &gular exhibit hours
5 0 0 p.m. to 6:OO p.m. Exhibit prize drawings

Exhibitor program sessions are held on Thursday and Riday afiemoons,

3:45p.m. to 4:45p.m.and 5:OOp.m. to 6:OOp.m.
See detailed schedule elsewhere in this section.
 Third National Court Technology Conference (CTC 111)
a Exhibition Hall

Khmer Pavilion
h e w s Anatole, Dallas, Texas
 Third National Court Technology Conference
’ Participating. Exhibitors and Booth Ass@nutzents
Booth Booth
100 Automated Government Systems 315/414 Digital Equipment Corporadon
101/200 Mead Data Central 316/318 Cheetah Systems
102 Tiburon/PSW3 , 317 B.E.I. Communications
103/105 Minolta Corporation 319 North Communications and the
104/106 IBM Corporation, U.S. Marketing Long Beach Muniapal Court
& services 320 Office Automation Consultants
107 Keyword Assoaatcs, Inc. 321 CMC
108/110 Siemens Nixdorf Information
Systems,Inc. 400 Sentry Products, Inc.
109/208 Data Wcst systems 401 PRC Public Management Services, Inc.
111 CasCBax: 402 Ion Track Instruments, Inc.
112 Lockhccd IMS 403/4O4/4O 5 StenoCAT
113 LawDCsk 407/4O9 Court Vision Communications, Inc.
114 S i p a c t Associates, Inc. 411/413/415 ATEK Information Services, Inc.
115 Supply Tech, Inc. 416 ECS, Court Serviccs Division
116 Adaptive Inhrmation Systems 417 INSLAW, Inc.
117/119 Maxima 418/420 Asix OpcnCourt?M
118 The SoFNv;lrc Group, Inc. 419 HLP, Inc.
121 Atkisson and Assoaatcs, Inc. 421 Unicorn Systems Company
122 BI Incorporated
500 Stcnogmph
201/203 Bull HN Inbrmation Systems,Inc. 501 Stenograph Legal Serviccs
202 m a t r o n , Inc. 502 Association h r Late Dcafincd Adults
204/206 Systemsand Computer Technology 503 HOK Architects, Engineers, Planners
Cov.( s a ) 505 Goodin Associates, Ltd.
205/304 EG&G Astrophysics 509 ROCAT
210/212 IBM Corporation, Public Sector 515/517 BIS Computer Solutions, Inc.
Industry Marketing 5 16 National Ccntcr for Stan Courts
214/216 Wang Laboratories, Inc. 520 Cass Systems, Inc.
215/314 CHOICE Inhrmation Systems, Inc. 521 State Shorthand Rcpomng Service
217 NDX On-line Systems 523 Sabre Systemsand Service
218/220 IBM Corporation, F e d d Sector
Division 600 Jecffuson Audio Video Systems
2 19 Filc.Net Carporation 601 Jury Verdict RseaKh
221 SyM Company 602/603 Southwestern Bell Telephone
604 Kingston Technology
300/302 West Publishing Company 605 Cott systems
301 Radix Corporation 606 NYNEX Computer Scrviccs Company
303 Precision Contracting Services, Inc. 607 inData Corporation
305 JAIAN, Inc. 608 Municipal Account Serviccs
 Third National Court Technology Conference (CTC In)
e Tips t o Make the Most of the Exhibition

T he CTC I11 exhibition is an important educational component of the conference. To take

full advantage of this educational opportunity, some preliminary planning and preparation
is advised. Here are a few tips to help you make the most of your time at the exhibition.

1. Bring your exhibition materials with you to
the Khmer Pavilion. On the exhibition floor
plan, mark thc exhibitors you particularly want to
scc with a highlighter pen.
2. Prescrccn the floor. Movc in any direction you
choose from thc grand cnnancc, but bc surc to
visit every aislc. When you sce an exhibit of
interest, write it down!
3. Make a master list. It should combine cvcry
exhibitor or exhibit you've listed in steps 1and 2.
5. Bring along: a briefcase or a bag b r product
literature and free samples; lots of business cards;
a pocket calculator; notc pad, pens and a
highlighter pen; a few papcr clips or a mini-
stapler.
6. Don't forget the exhibitor program sessions
beginning a t 3:45 p.m. and 5:OO p m . on
Thursday and Friday afternoons. This is your
opportunity to get a more in-depth look at the
companies, products, and scnriccs that interest
you.

4. Write down the key questions you want
answered. For cxamplc: "How is this product
difircnt?" "How would it bc w d ? " "How docs
your company handle this specific problem?"
"How do I go about finding methods to manage
this problem?" Don't rely o n memory-if you're
l i e most p p l c , it will k easy to hrgct some-
thing important in the hustle and bustle of the
exhibit.
7. Don't forget the exhibitors' reception to be
held on Thursday evening, March 12, from
6:OO p.m. to 8:OO p.m. in the Khmer Pavilion.
This is another good opportunity to learn more
about the exhibitors and get to know company
reprcscnrativcs bcttcr.

By attending the exhibition, you are demonstmting supportfor the private-sector participants who
have underwritten a sJ8nijicantporttion of the conference. So,get out there and enjoy the exhibit!
 Third National Court Technology (CTC 111)
Exhibitor Iizdex

Booth 417 INSLAW, Inc.

116 Adaptive Inhrmation Systems 402 Ion Track Instruments, Inc.
418/420
502
Asix OpemCourtm
Association for Late Dcakned Adults
0
305 JALAN, Inc.
411/413/415 ATEK Information Services, Inc. 600 Jefferson Audio Video Systems
121 Atkisson and Associates, Inc. 601 Verdict Research
100 Automated Government Systems
~
107 Kryword Associates, Inc.
317 B.E.I. Communications 604 Kingston Technology
122
515/517
BI Incorporated
BIS Computer Solutions, Inc.
t3
113 LaWDCSk
201/203 Bull HN Information Systems, Inc. 112

111 CaSCBaSC 202

iilii~dlMs
Manatron, Inc.
520 Cass Systems,Inc. 117/119 Maxima
316/31 8 Cheetah Systems 200/101 Mead Data Central
314/215 CHOICE Information Systems,Inc. 103/105 Minolta Corporation
321 CMC 608 Municipal Account Sen.,cs
605
407/409
Cott systems
Court Vision Communications, Inc.
rn
5 16 National Center fbr Stan:Courts
217 NDX On-Line Systems
208/109 Data Wcst systtms 319 North Communicationsand the
414/315 Equipment C o p r a t i o n Long Beach Municipal Court
606 NYNEX ComDuter SeMccs Companv A I

416 ECS, Court Services Division

304/205 EG&G Asaophysics 320 Office Automation Consultants
ijl -
2 19 FileNet Corporation 401 PRC Public Management Services, Inc.

505
R
Goodin Assoaatcs, Ltd.
303 Precision Contracting Services, Inc.
509
E3 301
419 HLP, I n c
503 HOKArchitea,Enginccrs, Plannus
0
IBM Corporation, F e d 4 Sector
523
400
Sabre Systems and Service
Sentry Products, Inc.
218/220
Division 108/110 Siemens Nixdorf Information
210/212 IBM Corporation, Public Sector Systems, Inc.
Indusay Marketing 114 Simpact Associates, Inc.
104/106 IBM Corporation, U.S.Marketing 118 The Software Group, Inc.
& ScNiccs 602/603 Southwestern Bell Telephone
607 inData C o p m i o n 521 State Shorthand Reporting Service
403/404/405 StenoCAT
500 Stenograph 102 Tiburon/PSW3
501 Stenograph Lcgal Services
115 Supply Tech,Inc. 421 Unicorn Systems Company
204/206 Systems and Computer Technology
corp ( s a ) 214/216 Wang Laboratories, Inc.
221 SyvaCompany 300/302 West Publishing Company
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Exhi bitor Descriptions
Designates 1992 mcmbcr of thc
Forum on the Advancement of
Court Technology (FACT)
@H[TACHI
ADAPTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Adaptive Inbrmation Systems (AIS) is providing
optical disk-based systems to end users. AIS is a
Califbmia corporation, chartcrcd in 1989 to provide
documcnt image-processingsystems to the North
Amcrican marketplace. AIS is distinguished by thrcc
points. First, it is a mcmbcr of thc Hitachi group of
companies, the world's fifth largest computer manufdc-
0 turcr, with total sales in cxcess of $49 billion. Second,
Hitachi has thc largest worldwidc installcd base of
image management systems-ovcr 7,500. Finally, AIS
operates as a system and sofoMrc company specifically
organized to install and integrate the Hitachi techno-
logical advantage into Amcrican inbrmation and
imaging applications. Some sofisvarc dcvclopmcnt is
provided back to Hitachi for thc domestic Japanesc
marketplacc.
Thc AIS AdaptFilc systcm family of optical disk
storage and rcmml systems and pcriphcral products is
based on a client/scrvcr architccturc. This PC/LAN
concept provides thc user with a flcxiblc and modular
design. AIS has devclopcd for the Hitachi platform a
powcrful document image user intchcc that i n c o p -
ratcs on-line help, application gcneratots, and an
Oracle rclational database. All network cnvironmcnts
are supported with the AIS designed systcm. Hitachi
manuhcturcs morc than 15 componcnts uscd in our
platform, flat-bcd scanners, dual-sided ~ ~ a n n caccom-
ts
modating 250 documcnts in the hopper, 5-1/4" and
12"jukcboxcs, voice tcchnology acting as a gateway to
the system, cold integrated with imaging, magncto-
optical, WORM and morc. In conclusion, AdaptFilc
provides more productivity and a h c r rctum on your
invcstmcnt.
ASIX, INC.
ASIX, Inc., headquartered in Seattle, Washington,
markets intcgratcd s o h r c and systcm integration
scrviccs to courts. Formed in 1989 by experienced
court system consultants, ASIX specializes in applying
advanced open system and relational database tech-
nologies to meet court business information needs.
ASIX provides courts with professional assistancc in
stratcgic tcchnology planning, migration planning,
projca managcmcnt, procurement, application soft-
ware dcvclopmcnt, and installation. ASM consultants
understand court inbrmation rcquircmcnts and possess
cxceptional capabilities for implcmcnting large scale
on-line transaction processing applications using
dient/scrver and relational database tcchnologics.
Beginning in first quarter 1992,S I X will market
and install OpcnCourtm, a statc-of-the-art s o k c
application providing comprchensivc data and imagc
management fcaturcs for high volumc courts. Expertly
designed, OpcnCourtm offers powcrful innovations,
ncw tcchnologics, and casy-to-usc btures for court-
widc information processing.
OpenCourt'sm underlying tcchnology was devel-
oped by ASIX during a reccnt, 50 staff year custom
devclopmcnt projca. Thc multing application,
including sevcral automated intchces with detention
centers, dcpamncnt of licensing, law enfbrccmcnt, and
collcction agencies, was successfully implemented last
year in a large U.S.court. Thc systcm is bclieved to bc
the largest, nonstop, rclational database court applica-
tion in thc world.
Enhanced for commercial application, ASIX's
OpenCourtm provides the most complete, unified
information management solution for large courts.
ASSOCIATION FOR
LATE DEAFENED ADULTS
Thc Association of Late-Dcakned Adults (ALDA) is
thc only self-help support group in the United Statcs
dedicated solcly to the conccms of a spcaal population
that is distinct fiom both the hcaring-impaired world
and the dcaf culturc. This nonprofit, volunteer organi-
zation sctvcs as a rcsourcc and information center and
works to incrcasc public awarcness of thc spcaal needs
of latc-dcakncd adults. Latc-dcafcncd adults can no
longcr understand spccch without visual clues. Thcir
hearing loss may havc becn sudden-for cxamplc, due
to an accident or hcad injury-r may havc progressed
ovcr a pcriod of timc bccausc of neurofibromatosis,
acoustic neuromas, heredity, adverse drug rcactions,
infectious diseascs, or aging. For many, the causc is
Unknown.
ALDA was founded in Chicago in March 1987 by
Bill Graham, ALDA’s cxccutivc director. Thc first
ALDA chapter outside Chicago was cstablishcd in
Boston in 1989 by Marylyn Howe, a late-dcakncd
nonpracticing audiologist who now serves as national
vicc-president. Currcntly, ALDA has approximatcly
750 mcmbcrs, morc than 1,500participants, and
fificcn regional chapters. ALDA also has mcmbcrs in
Canada, Australia, South Africa, India, Spain, Italy,
Nigeria, England, and Pucrto Rim. Thc fourth annual
intcmational confcrcncc, ALDAcon 1992,is schcdulcd
for Boston, Scptcmbcr 9-13.For information, contact
ALDA, P. 0. Box 641763,Chicago, I L 60664-1763;
(312)604-4192(24hour TDD).
ATEK INFORMATION SERVICES, INC.
For morc than 25 ycars, ATEK Infbrmation Services,
Inc., has provided total information managcmcnt
solutions for justice scctor clicnts throughout thc
United States. ATEK will fcaturc thc WRITS Justice
Administration Systcm, currcntly k i n g uscd by c o r n
and justice agcncics of all sizes in clcvcn states. WRITS
is a comprchcnsivc managcmcnt tool that automates
thc daily activities of not only the courts, but all of the
agcncics and officcs that makc up thc justice systcm.
Thc fully integrated WRITS modules provide function-
ality for courts, court administrators, court clcrlo,
financial officers, prosccutors, public dcfcndcrs,
probation departments, and jury commissions. Its
flclciblc design and many uscr-dcfincd fcaturcs cnablc
WRITS to administer all types of cascs for both gcncral
0
and limited jurisdiction courts. It maintains complctc
case data, including information on all case activity. In
addition, WRITS has sophisticated status and cvcnt
tracking functionality to facilitatc truc timc-bascd case
managcmcnt. In criminal cases, it captures all chargc
information and maintains all historical information for
offender bascd tracking. Thc systcm schedules appear-
ances, maintains court calcndars, manages financial
activities, crcates fbrms and documents, and produces a
full complement of managcmcnt and statistical reports,
including all statc required rcports. To bcilitatc
cfficicncy and casc of use, particularly in the courtroom
cnvironmcnt, thc WRITS system utiliw the latcst in
advanced tcchnology, such as imaging, bar-coding,
voicc responsc, and pen-bascd computing.
,&, ATKISSONAND ASSOCIATES, INC.
An lnfomutlon Systems Oevolopmenl fhn
ATKISSON AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
Atkisson and Associates is an information systems
0
dcvclopmcnt and consulting firm spcaalizing in large
scalc, state-of-the-art, intcgratcd criminal justice
information systems. The comprchcnsivc Court
Managcmcnt Systcm (CMS) is the judicial component
of thc Adult Offcndcr System and provides for criminal
court processing. Features of the CMS indudc case
initiation, dockcts/rcgistcrs of actions, courtroom
managcmcnt, court case dispositions, court calcndars,
nanskrs and commitmcnts, bail bond accounting,
warrant gcncration, and judicial council statistics. Thc
companion Citation Proccssing Systcm (CPS) is idcal
for courts with large volumes of traffic and minor
Citations and indudes citation cntry, bail calculation,
courtcsy noticc generation, citation aging, warrant
generation, bail forfcinuc, fccs and finc dismbution,
and on-line DMV abstract reporting.
Atkisson and Associates also has availablc a recently
dcvclopcd Civil Litigation Systcm (CLS) that is
designed to drive critical busincss operations with
emphasis on eliminating backlogs, providing real-time
court cvcnt processing, and saving valuablc pcrsonncl
timc. CLS includes the following functions: court case
initiation, document control/proccssing/ generation,
0
 case processing, court calendaring/scheduling, case
management, delay reduction reponing, arbitration,
judicial council and statistical reponing, accounting,
person(s)/party(s) involvement, and system administra-
tion. The Court Management System, the Citation
Processing System, and the Civil Litigation System
have all been designed to function independently or in
conjunction with other components of Atkisson and
Associates' integrated Criminal Justice Information
System (CJIS).
Live demonstrations of these systems will be
presented at Atkisson and Associates' exhibit booth and
at a special program session at the Third National
Court Technology Conference.
HBB
Automated Government Systems
AUTOMATED GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS
Automated Government systems (AGS), a California
based company, has developed sofovare for a Case
Management System (CMS) and Jury Management
System (JMS) for use in all levels of courts. The
products to be demonstrated include case management
for upper and lower courts, jury management for all
mal courts, and document imaging as an integral part
of case management.
The software is of modular design. Modules for
the lower courts consist of civil, criminal, warrants,
small claims, traffic, fee accounting, trust accounting,
accounts receivable, exhibit inventory and control,
arbitration, judgment register, bond register, fiche
conversion, word processing, and document imaging.
For general jurisdiction courts, CMS is designed in
modules that support case processing for civil, criminal,
family law, adoptions, probate, appellate, fee account-
ing, trust accounting, accounts receivable, exhibit
inventory and control, arbitration, judgment register,
bond register, fiche conversion, word processing, and
document imaging. The basic CMS module contains
case histories, calendars, notices, minutes, statistics and
ad hoc reporting.
AGS has installed 30 complete computer systems
to date. Hardware ranges in size from personal
computer network to large systems that can handle
0 more than 4,000 terminals or printers. The application
sofiware is written in COBOL, and runs on IBM Data
General or other Unix-based computers. Several
systems have modem access for remote on-line acccss.
All systems have modem access for diagnosing hard-
ware and sofiware problems, which can be adjusted
from our office.
B.E.I. COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
B.E.I. Communications, Inc., is the leader in the
design and installation of dial-up network
videoconferencing systems to be used for video arraign-
ments, motions, child abuse cases, and more. We can
implement different sources of communications such as
coaxial, fiber optic, microwave, satellite, or digital
telephone lines. Our systems are currently being used
successfully in more than 20 courts throughout the
United States and Canada.
I I C O R P O R A T E D
BI INCORPORATED
BI Incorporated is recognized in the corrections
industry as the founder of Electronic Monitoring
Home Detention and our unique product line is the
most comprehensive and successhl in the marketplace.
A variety of "active" and "passive" system combina-
tions provide the cost, performance and programmatic
applications that custom fit the various needs of the
corrections industry.
BI Home Ercort System. The Home Escort System
uscs a unique technology that provides the most secure
system in the electronic monitoring marketplace. Our
system operates on an active (continuously signalling)
radio frequency (RF) concept and alerts the appropriate
personnel of all violations (curfew, tamper, etc.) and
when a client Ieaves/retums home. The state-of-the-
art multi-layer, anti-tamper alert electronics ensure that
if the client attempts to remove, disconnect, or alter the
transmitter or field monitoring device in any way, a
specific alarm will be registered at the monitoring
center.
B I PROFIU. Our newest compliance tool fbr .
agencies managing administrative caseloads, BI PRO-
FILE automates offenders' routine, periodic status
rcpomng. By telephone, computers ask for informa-
tion fiom cnrollcd uscrs and thcir status is promptly
rcported to the supervising agency for review an.d
action. Dcsigncd cxdusivcly for corrections agencies,
ofindcrs arc casily cnrollcd by fixing or mailing a one-
page form. By having thc offenders use our "900"
numbcr, which is billed to their phone, BI PROFILE'S
scrviccs remain virtually cost-frcc to the supervising
agencies.
BIS COMPUTER SOLUTIONS, INC.
BIS Computcr Solutions,Inc., (BIS) is a full-line
provider of public safety sofoKarc, including records
managcmcnt, CAD, warrants, jail, firc, and court
systems. Thc company is in its 21st ycar and is a wcll
known,competent supplicr operating on a national
basis. Thc key to BIS' growth is to offcr a brcadth and
dcpth of products and scrvicc supcrior to that o&rcd
by othcr vendors. Any jurisdiction can begin with any
one of the public safcty systems and continue to grow
by adding additional applications until the jurisdiction's
entire public safcty and criminal justice communitics
arc complctcly automated.
Agcncics using thc BIS systcms improve communi-
cation and rcducc costs by the automatic exchange of
critical information about criminal subjects or the
nature and scope of crime in thcir community. A law
cnforcemcnt casc can bc automatically transfcrrcd fiom
thc police dcpamncnt to thc district attorney, who, in
turn, can automatically forward thc case and the district
attorney's complaint to thc appropriatc cow. All of
this is madc possible by thc BIS Public Sakty and
Criminal Justice Inbrmation Systcms, without rcdun-
dant data cntry or storage.
All BIS applications also include an integrated
Master Name Indcx (MNI). MNI provides each
agcncy with thc ability to establish and maintain uniquc
identities of pcrsons known to the law cnforccmcnt or
judicial communitics as a result of criminal events or
court cases. Thc MNI eliminates thc nccd for rcdun-
dant data entry of personal data bctwecn agencies,
provides for cxtensivc physical descriptions, and
provides a central reference point for cach agency
conducting a namc scarch.
BULL HN INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.
Bull HN Information Systems, Inc., is a full-service
information systems company that develops, manu&-
turcs, markets, and sells computer products and
services. The US.-based Bull H N is part of thc
Europcan-bascd Groupc Bull, which operata in ovcr
90 countries around the world. Groupc Bull also
includes Zenith Data Systcms Corporation and the
Europcan-based opcrations of Groupc Bull-Bull SA
France and Bull SA International. Hcadquartcrcd in
Paris,Groupc Bull is one of the world's top tcn
computcr companies, with revcnues of more than $6.4
billion.
CASEBASE W
What do Arkansas, Connccticut, Rhodc Island, Kansas,
and Georgia havc in common? Thcy all havc primary
law availablc on CD-ROM-thcy arc CascBasc states!
CaseBasc condcnscs thousands of pages of law books
onto a single CD. You arc ablc to research cases and
statutes by personal computer. W a r c h that required
hours is accornplishcd in a matter of seconds with
incrediblc ease and accuracy.
Designed by an attorney for attorneys, CascBasc
can bc instructcd to scarch full tcxt or focus on thc
sections of the opinion that are rclcvant to thc rc-
scarchcr: case namc, dockct numbcr, court, majority
opinion, parallcl citation, ctc. Oficn a short phrase, a
namc, or a time pcriod can be uscd to collect all
appropriate casc rcfircnccs. You don't nccd to be an
cxpcricnccd computer uscr-CaseBasc will guidc you
along with dcarly dcfincd instructions and menu
windows as you rcscarch.
CascBasc is updated and expanded four times a
ycar. Thc latest case is always displayed first, so you'll
havc thc most-rcccnt decision bcforc you and the
confidence that your rcscarch is complete and current.
CascBasc is a rcvolutionary tool; it dramatically in-
0
 creases your rcscarch power and provides you unlimited
rcscarch access--no service charges, on-line charges, or
long-distance tolls. Currently availablc in five states,
CaseBase has become a valuable legal rescarch tool for
judges, attorneys, law clcrk, and librarians. Stop by
our booth and see how CascBasc has revolutionized
leg1 rcscarch.
I closed-captioning system on the markct today, and is in
CASS SYSTEMS, INC.
CASS Systems, Inc., has bccn designing, developing,
installing, and supporting computer sofnv;ue systems
since 1979. Currently, we support customers through-
out the ‘J.S., including Hawaii, and acros Canada.
We provide assistance via remote computcr-to-com-
puter hook up h r quick response.
We provide software to the general business
community as well as kderal, state and local govern-
ments. Systems currcntly available indude:
File / Document Tracking
Box Storage Tracking
Evidence / Property / Equipment Tracking
Bar Code Proccssing
Fixcd Asscts Management
Forms and Supplies Inventory
Purchase Order Management
CASS software is availablc in versions that will
operate in MS/DOS, NOVELL, UMX, XEMX,
DEC/VMS, IBM S I C 6000, Data General, Wang
and Hewlett Packard. Our software utilize all availablc
disk space available. Thcrc is no limit to the numbcr of
files and records CASS can manage. The only liiita-
tion is the size of thc disk drive.
CHEETAH SYSTEMS, INC.
Cheetah Systems, Inc. was incorporated in carly 1987
0 in Frcmont, Calif. Its first action was to purchase a
proprietary Computer-Aidcd Transcription (CAT)
sofnslare package for court reporters and prepare it for
general use under the name of TurboCAT. The name
Cheetah was chosen because evcn then TurboCAT was
the fastest CAT, and it remains so today.
The product line has expanded since then to
include a number of Total Access Courtroom products,
including synchronized video, closed-captioning,
multiple viewing/scanning stations, and litigation
support intcrfdces. Cheetah has doubled its installcd
base every ycar since its creation. Well ovcr 1,000
court reporters are now using Cheetah’s software.
Cheetah’s CAPtivator sofnKarc is the best-selling
use throughout the U.S. and Canada on local and
network programming, including all of NBC and CBS
news.
The day Cheetah was formed, the CAT industry’s
first 24-hour technical support Hotline sprang into
being, and Cheetah has provided continuous support
every day of every year since. This level of service is still
unmatched in the court reporting and legal industry.
Cheetah was founded by an expert in software design
and marketing, with more than 15 ycars of experience
in the computer industry, and a practicing court
rcporter, who holds a California CSR (Certified
Shorthand Reporter) liccw, and has 10 years of
deposition expericncc. The management t a m includcs
people cxpcricnccd in building companies, three of
whom previously have started and managed $10-$20
million companies.
CHOICE
information Systems, Inc.
CHOICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.
CHOICE Information Systems, Inc., of Newport
News, Va., will be exhibiting SUSTAIN, a unique
court case-management system for general jurisdiction,
limited jurisdiction, and appellate courts. Attendees
may see and participate in a demonstration of the
system by visiting the company’s exhibit arca.
In support of the court, SUSTAIN provides the
proficssional court administrator, court clerk, judge, and
other court pcrsonncl with a modem, reliable, and
easy-to-usc computer system for caseload management,
calendar management, and cxtcnsivc cax record-
keeping. In support of a state’s administrative office of
the courts, SUSTAIN provides a consistent, uniform,
and state-of-the-art approach to statewide statistical
reporting and caseload analysis.
SUSTAIN was introduced in April, 1987. Since
that time, SUSTAIN has received widespread acclaim
from state court system administrative bodies, court
administrators, court clerks, judges, court automation
specialists, and consultants. To date, more than sixty
courts in seven states and three provinces in Canada are
taking advantage of SUSTAIN-the most technically
advanced and functionally rich court case management
system.
CMC SOITWARE, INC.
Automation specialists with nearly 20 years of experi-
ence, CMC Sofluarc, Inc. has spent the last 10 years
almost exclusively with courts and prosecutors.
BLACKSTONE . . . The Judicial System (Case Man-
agement), first installed in 1983, today incorporates
LANs, optical disk, scanners, and communications.
The judges’ module enables closer tracking of infonna-
tion on cases and calendars, interactively, in chambers.
The f t e s / f i n c s / b d e i t s module is a comprehensive
system of dismbution and reporting. These systems are
available nationwide (U.S. and Australia) in federal,
state, county, and municipal versions with outstanding
service and support from judicial specialists.
COl” S S T E M S
Con Systems and its divisions have specialized in
developing software for local government b r many
years. We have a large base of satisfied customers,
which shows that we have the experience and commit-
ment to offer rcliablc software and support to fulfill the
computer processing needs of local government.
We welcome the opportunity to exhibit at CTC 111
to demonstrate our ncw, completely rewritten software
for both limited and general jurisdiction courts. It
represents the latcst developments in structure and
functionality, including the integration of imaging
systems for on-line storage and remcval of documents.
We offer the following systems: court mayagcmcnt
for limited, general, and appellate jurisdictions; intc-
grated accounting; jury management; and integrated
imaging.
0
COURT VISION COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
In July 1992, Court Viion Communications, Inc.,
celebrates 20 ycars of continuous service to the legal,
judicial, and correctional communities. The firm is a
pioneer and leader in research and development of
video-arraignment technology and policc/prosecutor
telecommunication systems. By mid-1992,150 Court
Vision video arraignment installations will be on line
utilizing fiber optic, microwave, and digital transmis-
sion technology. Local service and maintenance b r
our clients is provided on the “Court Vision Local
Service Network” with 24-hour emergency hotlinc and
2-4 hour local on-site response.
The Court Viion “Wdeomal” system for record-
ing verbatim testimony of mal proceedings made its
0
debut in a Calibrnia courtroom in 1992. Wdeomal
guarantees high quality audio and video recording
from all courtroom and remote locations. Producing
daily transcripts and locating testimony is swiftly
accomplished with no “unintelligible notations” or
concern that confidential, “off-record” conferences are
being recorded.
DATA WEST SYSTEMS
The Court Management Division of Data West Systems
specializes in providing integrated criminal justice
solutions ftaturing the Court Information Tracking
Environment (CITE), the Prosecution Case Control
System (PCCS), and the Automated Jury Management
System. CITE supports civil, criminal, trafIic, proba-
tion, domestic relations, and small claims casc manage-
ment with fully integrated functionality, including
0
 docketing, indexing, scheduling, calendar preparation,
formatted notice preparation, revenue and trust
accounting, and statistical and management reporting.
CITE, an award-winning computer application soft-
ware, originally was designed and written by and for
court personnel at the South Dismct Court of
Snohomish County, Wash. PCCS is fully integrated
with CITE.
Developed in Cognos Corporation's PowerHouse
4th-generation language, Data West's application
software can operate on a wide range of computer
platforms including Digital Equipment Corporation's
VAX family of computers, IBM's AS400 and RS6000,
and on DOS-based PCs, both stand-alone and net-
worked. Data West provides installation, training, and
support as well as customization and continuous
enhancements of the system solution. A full service
information technology company, Data West systems is
bascd in Bellevue, Wash. All Data West products and
services are anilable in Canada through their Canadian
affiliate, Omni-Tech Systems, Ltd. Omni-Tech is
bascd in Vancouver, British Columbia.
a Tbc company. A private corporation bascd in
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
Digital Equipment is the lcading worldwide supplier of
networked computer systems, software,and services.
Digital leads the industry in open, multi-vendor
systems integration. Digital, an international company,
does more than half of its business outside the United
States, developing and mandkturing products and
providing customer services in the Americas, Europe,
and the Pacific Rim.
Financial strength and flexibility enable Digital to
continue its investments in high-growth business
opportunities, customer support, new technology, and
the development of alternative and lower cost dismbu-
tion channels. Digital's expertise as a distributed
computing and networking company is viewed as the
best in the industry.
Through innovation, Digital is lcading the market
in open computing, with open standards that span both
VAX V M S and RISC/UNIX computing systems. The
0 company is a recognized leader in the development of
international standards. For years, Digital has led the
way in integrating systems into multi-vendor cnviron-
mcnts.
Digital's integrated approach to multi-vendor
systems-callcd Network Application Support (NAS)--
is a comprehensive implementation of open standards.
These standards enable users to integrate, port, and
distribute applications casily across an open network of
different computer systems, including VAX systems,
UNIX workstations, MS-DOS PCs, Apple Macintosh
systems, Intcl/SCO systems, IBM mainframes, and
Cray supercomputers.
Openness transcends Digital's strategy and style of
doing business. It is apparent in the open culture of
the company and its people. It is a reality in terms of
our long-term strategy, our relationships with custom-
ers, our business partnerships, our systems and scMces
and in the way our people work.
ECS
Eagle, Colorado, ECS is a custom sofhvarc develop-
ment company that has k e n providing solutions to
local, county, and state governments since 1978. The
Court Services Division, located ncar Jackson, Wyo-
ming, provides software development, hardware and
software support, and services to courts. County
government software development, hardware and
software support, and services are handled out of the
Eagle, Colorado office. Both offices are staffed with
highly skilled and experienced programmcr/analysts,
network engineers, technicians, and customer support
staff to handle the needs of our clients.
Our solutions. ECS ofkrs software and hardware
solutions that are customized to respond to the unique
requirements of our clients. All ECS applications are
hardware and operating system independent. Our
solutions are flexible, designed and written to conform
to industry standards and to take full advantage of
"open systems" and "client-server" computing. This
allows our applications to work with word processors,
spreadsheets, geographic information systems (GIs),
and other applications in an open, coopcrativc comput-
ing environment. ECS wants to work with any hard-
ware, network, operating system, or database that a
client chooses.
 ECS and tibe courts. Sincc 1986,ECS has worked
succcssfully with thc Wyoming Suprcmc Court to
dcvelop and implement a statewide PC LAN-bascd
solution for Wyoming courts of limited jurisdiction. In
addition to thc application software, we dcvelopcd and
implemented a statcwidc judicial tclccommunications
network to ficilitate transmission of data to the state’s
mainframc for use by all agcnacs. This project was
sclccted to appcar in thc National Ccntcr for Statc
Courts’Court Technology Reports, 1990.
&, E D ~ G
ASTROPHYSICS RESEARCH CORPORATlcMl
EG&G ASTROPHYSICS
EG&G Astrophysics is thc worldwidc lcadcr in thc
dcsign, manufacture, and placcmcnt of X-ray security
scrccning cquipmcnt and walk-through metal dctec-
tors. Ovcr seventy percent of thc world’s busiest
airports, nudcar powcr plants, corrcctional institutions,
governmental and commcrcial buildings, and court-
houses havc chosen Astrophysics’ equipment.
The LINESCAN System Fifteen X-ray Inspcction
System is a compact, conveyorized system ideal for
applications with limited space, such as courthouscs.
The system is used fbr scrccning bricfcascs, hand-
canicd packages, and bags. Thc control panel folds up
into thc side of thc unit and is lockablc.
The E-SCAN IS Dual Energy system fmtures
Inorganic Smpping. The Inorganic Smpping option is
a ncw advanccmcnt fbr X-ray security screening. With
a simplc push of a button, this option allows thc
opcrator to smp away thc confused environment to
highlight potential cxplosivc threat arcas. The
SENTRTE line of mctal dctcctors indudes thc
SENTRIE AT (a technologically advanced mctal
detector that mccts the FAA three-gun t a t ) a portablc
AT, and a hand-held SENTRIE LHS model. For more
information and a dcmonstration of our equipment sec
us at booth numbers 205 and 304 or contact thc
security sales dcpamncnt at: EG&G Astrophysics
Rc.uarch Corporation, 4031 Via Or0 Avcnuc, Long
Bcach, Calif., 90810,or P.O. Box 22709,Long Bcach,
Calif., 90801-5709,(310)513-1411or f i x (310)513-
6593.
fl
FILENET CORPORATION
W
FilcNct Corporation manuficturcs and markets a h i l y
of integrated image and data processing systcms that
use optical disk technology and WorkFlo s o h r c to
elcctronically capture, storc, transmit, and manage
document images, data and text for paper-intcnsivc
organizations. Hcadquartcrcd in Costa Mcsa, Calif.,
FileNct markets its products directly to end uscrs
through thc company’s sales officcs in thc Unitcd
States, Canada, France, Germany and thc Unitcd
Kingdom. FileNet systems are sold in 29 other
counmes by Ing. C. Olivcm & C., S.pA.; T o p
Officemation Inc., a Mitsui company; and various
dism butors.
Thc WorkFlo Busincss System is the key to auto-
mating thc papcr-intensive, rcpctitivc proccsscs that
require multiple sources of information. With
WorkFlow, digitized docwncnt images rcplacc papcr,
and your PC functions as your work arca, integrating
m a i n h c data, PC applications, and images into thc
work process. WorkFlo automatically links, prioritizes,
and manages the storage, rcmcval, processing, display
communication, printing, and routing of all informa-
tion required to proccss your work.
0
FilcNet combines the widespread appeal of the PC
with its casy-to-use WorkFlo software to provide the
idcal solution fbr information processing. Proccssing
that has a dircct cffcct on productivity, transaction
timc, customer scrvicc, markct pcnctration, and
ultimately, the bottom line.
Hundrcds of organizations in divcrsc industries
around thc world havc implcmentcd FileNct systcms
with thc WorkFlo Business Systcm to automate papcr-
intensivc business applications. In banking, financial
scrviccs, insurancc, manuficturing, acrospacc, pharma-
ceuticals, transportation, utilities, communications,
government; in Fdct, any industq whcrc paper volumc
is high, processing is hcavy, and files are Frcqucntly
uscd, you’ll find a FileNct systcm.
GOODIN ASSOCIATES, LIMITED
Judicinl Infirnation Managtmcnt Software (JIMS)
Judicial Infirnation ManagGmcnt Auxiliary Systems
UIMS)
J I M automates traffic, criminal, and civil cax:
0
managcmcnt. It provides accounting for bonds, filing
 fees, h e s , and costs. Other functions include statistical
repomng, complete schedule management, and case
minute tracking. JIMS Support facilitates child sup-
port, maintenance, and public aid account tracking and
receipting, disbursement, and enforcement. JIMS
Probation records complete client information, includ-
ing needs/risk assessment, alcohol treatment tracking,
and public service work. Integrated statistical repomng
is daily, monthly, and annually. JIMAS includes
integrated modules for the public defender, state’s
attorney, and jury commission. JIMS/JIMAS runs on
IBM AS/400 and Systcm/36. JIMS has currently
automated 50 counties with JIMS‘Case Management,
47 with JIMSupport, 27 with JIMS Probation, and
21 with JIMAS Jury. For more information contact
Randy Baslcr, Goodin Arsociatcs, Ltd., Rmtc 9, Box 101,
Carbondah, IL 62901, (618) 549-0286.
e HLP, INC.
HLP, Inc., is a primtely held corporation based in
Arizona with a current clientele throughout the
western states. The company has been providing
systems analysis and design, project management,
custom software development and support, hardware
installation, and training programs since 1984. HLP’s
experience includes every level of the court and justice
system, health services, manuficturing, and financial
services. HLP has drawn together an executive staff
with exceptional expertise and unconventional crcativ-
ity in the computer field. The support provided to
every client reflects a broad base of experience and a
dcdication to the specific needs of cach.
HLP prides itselfin technology leadership. The
highly trained development staff has produced software
utilizing DOS, OS/2, and VMS. An Object Oriented
Programming (OOPS) architecture is currently
employed using a core written in C. Graphical User
Intehces (GUI’s) including Presentation Manager and
Windows 3.0 are ofired running over token ring and
ethernet with LU 6.2 APPC and/or NETBIOS. SQL
0 requests are received at the Relational Database Server,
which returns desired aids in relating parts of an
account into a whole. Cooperative processing allows
each office to have its own system while transparently
sharing the resources of a large network. All tools and
techniques are leading-edge technologies.
HLP is in the business of delivering successful
project results with remarkable speed and efficiency.
The support and training staff is especially sensitive to
the human needs of automation projects. HLP prides
itself on the accessibility and promptness of support
services. The many clients who return ycar after year
are a testament to the delivery of quality services. HLP
does not walk away from a problem at a client site.
hslr
HOK, INC.
Founded in 1955, Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum,
Inc. (HOK)is one of the largest and most diversified
architecturc/engineering/planning firms in the United
States. Over the years, HOK has developed speaalizcd
design and consulting services in a number of areas,
including justice ficilities. Over the past 20 years,
HOK has designed more than 700 aty, county, state
and federal courtrooms in court facilities in 16 states
and the Dismct of Columbia. In the course of com-
pleting more than 40 judicial assignments, HOK has
acquired a thorough knowledge of advanced judicial
practices, including court administration, security
systems and electronic technologies. H O K has also
gained an industry-wide reputation as a leader in
project management and cost control-skills that are
essential to reconciling the inherent conflict between
limited public resources and overwhelming judiaal
needs.
IBM CORPORATION,
FEDERAL SECTOR D M S I O N
IBM’s Federal Sector Division (FSD) provides ad-
vanced information technology products and services
to the U.S. government for aerospace and civilian
agency programs. FSD offers solutions incorporating
IBM commercial products as well as solutions requiring
complex integration services and customized informa-
tion handling and control systems.
Headquartered in Bethesda, Md., FSD is headed
by Gerald W. Ebker, IBM vice president and division
president. FSD has about 12,500 employees and major
halitics in Boulder, Colo.; Gaithersburg, Md.; Hous-
ton, Texas; Manassas, Va.; and Owego, N.Y.
In 1989, FSD designed a nationwide data commu-
nications network for a federal customer to integrate
and interconnect equipment from a variety of suppliers
and provide innovative ways to capitalize on automa-
tion and electronic communications capabilities to
improve operations. In 1990, FSD provided a dcmon-
stration of the network. In 1991, FSD was awarded a
contract to provide this network, integrating the
products and services of Novcll, JU, SynOptics,
Cisco, Lotus,and Computer Sciences Corporation.
While this network solution spans the entire
nation, it can w i l y be scaled to any size enterprise,
including state and local court organizations. At the
Third National Court Technology Conference, IBM's
FSD exhibit will demonstrate this network solution
using equipment from a variety of manufacturers. You
will have an opportunity to see firsthand terminals and
microcomputers communicating with a remote E-
mail/ file/print server. This networking solution offers
a cost-cfictin way to sharc innovation across an
enterprise.
IBM CORPORATION,
PUBLIC SECTOR INDUSTRY MARKETING
The IBM Corporation is in the business of applying
advanced technology to help solve the problems of
busincss, government, science, space exploration,
defense, education, medicine, and other arcas of human
activity. IBM ofirs customers solutions that incorpo-
rate information proccssing software, communications
systems, and other products and services to addrcss
specific needs. Thesc solutions are provided by IBM's
worldwide marketing organizations as well as through
the company's business partners including authorized
dealers and rcmarkcters.
IBM CORPORATION,
0
U.S.MARKETING & SERVICES
The mission of IBM United States is to provide
market-driven quality information technology solutions
that solve customer problems, meet with full customer
satisfaction, and achieve U.S. objectives, including
profit center objectives. Its marketplace consists
primarily of customers and prospects in the U.S.and its
tcrritories.
Marketing, service and administration of integrated
offerings of hardware, systems and application sofcwarc
and services include:
Profcssional services in areas such as software
design and development, technical consulting, on-
site education, and systems integration.
Systems services such as network management,
disaster recovery, systems opcrations, and facilities
management.
Technical support: maintenance services for IBM
systems and products and contracted services such
as those relating to problem determination and
maintenance of nonIBM products.
Worldwide application development: development
of industry-specific hardware and software to
0
support integrated solutions in selected industries.
Management of relationships with third-party
dismbutors.
Profit center rcsponsibility for U.S.opcrations.
inData, the litigation service company, introduces
"invzn," a new concept in document image manage-
ment softwdrc providing scamlcss image integration
with existing database, word processor, or full text
Programs-
0

e Energy facilities and the US.Capitol. To screen for
INSLAW,INC.
INSLAW, Inc. is the leading dcvelopcr and supplier in
the Unitcd States of on-line systems for case tracking
and workflow management for the courts and related
justice agencies. INSIAW's on-linc systems have
yielded management insights about thc prosecution of
Carccr criminals, the role of arresting officers in produc-
ing arrests that stick in court, thc existence and extent
of disparity in sentencing, premal release and miscon-
duct, and fictors correlated with delay in the courts.
INSLAW's systems have also supported dramatic
improvements in civil justice, pamcularly with rcgard to
legal process debt collections.
Each INSLAW sofovarc product is equipped with a
state-of-the-art Computcr-Assiitcd Software Enginccr-
ing (CASE) tool that makes it possible to have the
economics of scale of an off-the-shelf software product
but the customization to each court's workflow process
0 and vocabulary. INSLAW's case tool, known as online
DESIGN, also dramatically decrcases the timc, costs
and risks associated with system upkeep and mainte-
nance .
INSLAW supports its Emily of on-line court and
justice agency products on IBM mainframes, under the
DB/2 relational database management system
(DBMS); on the AS/400 under its rclational DBMS;
and on the RS/6000 and the UNIX platforms of other
hardware mandacturers.
52INSTRUMENTS
DON TRACK
ION TRACK INSTRUMENTS,INC.
Ion Track Instrumcnts, Inc. (ITI) is the world lcadcr in
explosivc detection technology. In 1971,ITI intro-
duced the world's first truly portable explosives detcc-
tor for searching people, parccls, and vchidcs. To
continuc thc fight against terrorism, IT1 dcvclopcd the
IT1 VIPER, a portable handheld cxplosivc dctcctor for
pure plastic cxplosives. For high cmployec/visitor
@ traffic, the Model85 Entry Scan Walk Thru Explosivc
Dctcctor scrccns 70,000 people pcr day at high-risk
facilities such as nuclear power plants, Department of
concealed weapons, IT1 offers the 100-LCWalk Thru
Mctal Detector. IT1 has combined the Model 85
Explosive Detector and the 100-LC Mctal Detector
into one walk-through unit to simultaneously screcn
for explosives and weapons. ITI continues to conduct
research privately and in conjunction with the FAA to
develop advanced tcchnology instruments.
The dcvclopment of our newest product, ITI
Emergency View, a crisis-planning software package for
bomb threats, fire, catastrophic wcathcr, earthquakes,
ctc., was developed to mcct security market demands.
ITI Emergency View is easy to use, casy to maintain,
and allows you to have a comprehensive crisis plan at
your fingertips. The softwarc maintains records on
training sessions, notification lists, and handicapped
employces. Whcn personnel change positions or leave
thc company, updating the crisis plan is madc simple
with ITI Emcrgcncy Vicw. ITI provides a complctc
linc of training services for your ernployces on bomb
threats, emcrgcncy response, and spcaal threat situa-
tions to ensure proper training in thc evcnt of an
emcrgcncy.
JALAN, INC.
JALAN, Inc. has bccn specializing in law and justice
solutions sincc 1980. Five fully-integrated products arc
o&red. (1)THE JAIL SYSTEM, which tracks all
inmatc information including booking/relmse, com-
missary, kitchen, medical, visitation, laundry, and
inmate banking. (2) THE COURT SYSTEM, for
gcncral or limited jurisdictions to track cases, pcoplc
and events, dockets, calendars, and all associated
financial information. (3) and (4) THE PROSECU-
TORS SYSTEM and THE PUBLIC DEFENDERS
SYSTEM track all dicnt/dckndant case information-
incidents, evidence, calendars, and charge docurncnts
to final disposition. (5) T H E RETURN OF SERVICE
SYSTEM tracks all civil papers for the sheriff. All
systems provide full case/management and financial
reports.
JALAN has well over 100 customers nationwide,
induding the Virgin Islands, We support all of them
from our halities in Spokane, Wash. JALAN offers
 training on-sitc or in Spokane with optional advanced
training whcn requested. All JALAN systems come
with complctc uscr manuals and on-linc hclptcxt
available at thc touch of a key. By teaming up with
IBM and thc AS/400, JALAN offers customers all thc
bcncfits of the latest technology, including rclational
data basc, image, coopcrativc processing with PS/2’s,
bar codc, and full integration with officc word process-
ing and schcduling.
JALAN can offcr full-hction, adaptable, user-
maintainablc systems for a reasonablc cost because wc
specialize in and understand thc nccds of criminal
justice systems, dcvelop systems that can be installcd
with minor customization, and spread thc cost of this
devclopmcnt over numerous customcrs.
0 rccordcr systems product line of Baird Corporation in
a
JEFFERSON A U D I O VIDEO SYSTEMS
Jcffcrson Audio Vidco Systems is thc originator of thc
JAVS Automatic Court Documcntation System, which
is uscd as the record of thc court in more than 150
systcms in 16 states. Thc JAVS systcm is the only uicd
and provcn, totally automatic systcm in daily ux.by thc
courts. Thc systcm ftaturcs easc of operation and
requires no additional court staff. It accommodatcs
transmission tiom the judge’s chamber or private
hearing from thc chamber as desired with all procccd-
ings on thc record. Also,onc-way or two-way vidco
confercncing can bc incorporatcd. Othcr features are a
vidco transcription systcm as wcll as a twice-normal-
I spccd playback systcm with real timc search for appcl-
latc attorneys’ and judges’ usc.
JURY VERDICT RESEARCH, INC.
JVRCasc Evaluation/Basic Scttlcmcnt Valuc Softwarc
allows you to dctcrminc thc likcly verdict results of any
personal injury casc in minutes. Simply cntcr thc
spccifics of your casc and the program gcncrates a casc-
spcafic, comprchcnsivc report of verdict valuc, chancc
of plaintiff verdict, scttlcmcnt valuc, and thc bottom
lint of each party in thc d a h .
With JVR Casc Evaluation/Basic Scttlcmcnt Valuc
Software, you gct an impartial, third-party analysis of
your case that can bc invaluable in scttlcmcnt ncgotia-
tions as wcll as in thc courtroom. And JVR’svalues
havc proven valid in more than 32 ycars of usc by
attorneys, insurance companies, corporations, and
govcrnmcnt agencies.
You can reccivc this unique, IBM-compatiblc
0
software program to use on your own cascs without
obligation for 30 days. During the approval period,
you’ll have full access to JVR’s S o h a r e Support
Hotlinc to answer any questions you may havc. To
ordcr your no-obligation working copy of JVRCasc
Evaluation/Basic Scttlcmcnt Valuc Soharc, call us
toll frec at (800) 321-6910. Wc’ll bc happy to fill your
order.
KEYWORD ASSOCIATES, INC.
Kcyword k i a t e s , cstablishcd in 1981, acquired thc
April 1988. Kcyword’s primary focus is to dcsign statc-
of-thc-art, 8-trackrccl-to-rccl, clcctronic, stand-alonc
and ccntral recording systems specifically for courtroom
usc. Our system, an updated version of thc Baird 600
Series, is bascd on thc spcafications uscd to produce
rccordcrs that havc becn pcrforming dependably for
morc than 15 ycars in courts in Massachusctts, Mary-
land, Maine, Florida, Ohio, Washington, D.C., Pcnn-
sylvania, California, and othcr locations throughout thc
United States. Thc Kcyword systcm incorporates
0
updated ckctronics, a modcrn design, and computcr
(PC) control for central systems.
Thc Kcyword staff includes scnior mcmbcrs of thc
original Baird team, who havc more than 30 years’
cxpcricnce dcsigning, installing, and maintaining audio
systems. Consulting scrvices arc available for rccordcr
definition, sound rcinforccment, microphonc selection,
room prcparation (acoustics), and cstablishmcnt of
opcrational guidelines. Training in basic operation and
prcvcntivc maintcnancc is indudcd with thc purchasc
of thc system.
KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY
Kingston Tcchnology is thc largest third-party, propri-
etary memory designer and manuhcturcr for PCs, laser
printcrs and workstations. Thcy arc known for being
first to markct products for thc latest machines includ-
ing Apple PowcrBook, Classic 11, and Quadra systems;
0
Compaq M series; AST Executive Notebook 11; and
 IBM 4029 laser printers. Kingston has broadened its
product line to include proccssor upgrades called the
@ SX/NOW. These 286 to 386SX upgrades come in 20
mhz and 25 mhz versions for IBM PS/2 models 50,
SOZ,30/286,25/286; IBM AT and 2CT/286; AST
Premium and Bravo; Compaq Deskpro 286 and
Portable III; Ncc Powermate 286 Plus and Portable
Plus; HP Vecaa ES/12 and ES/8; and AGI 1800 A,
B, and C. This family of products will allow you to
utilize the latest versions of OS/2, Windows and other
386 based software while protecting your investment in
your present system.
LAWDESK
This is the national introduction of LawDesk-more
than 35 years of New York case law on CD-ROM disc.
Developed with input from the New York court
system, this legal research tool combines the power of
full-text searching with the Familiarity of books. Cross-
referenced using hypertext links, it allows a researcher
to conduct word searches and then browse through the
case law, jumping to Citations immediately. The C D
includes a comprehensive Law Digct-Index of 400
volumes of New York casclaw. LawDcsk has many
user-friendly featurcs including a cut-and-paste feature
and official pagination. It is comprehensive and
absolutely accuratc-the content of the disc appcars on
the screen cmcdy as it docs in the print. Currently
installed in the New York state court system, LawDcsk
is the largest collection of primary law on CD-ROM in
the world. Stop by our booth fbr a demonstration of
this remarkable legal research tool.
LOCKHEED IMS
Today’s changing economy is challenging the public
sector and p r i m e industry as never before-the
demand for services is rising while financial resources
are dwindling. In response, Lockheed IMS is deliver-
ing technology-bascd solutions to help government
and industry meet those challcngcs and, at the same
time, improve scrvice and performance.
As an industry leader in data processing and
systems integration, Lockheed IMS works in partner-
ship with courts, cities, counties, and states-from Los
Angela to London-to identify and solve complex
reven ue-related issues.
Lockheed IMS specializes in several court-related
program arcas:
Parking ticket processing and collection: the
foundation of the company’s business. Lockheed
IMS helps courts and the city and state govcrn-
mcnts enhance the efficiencyand effectiveness of
their operations and services. Our unsurpassed
experience and technical know-how, combined
with our hands-on understanding of the needs of
governments and courts, have helped improve the
quality of life in cities, counties, and states nation-
wide.
Moving violation proccssing and collection. As a
second integral part of its municipal scrviccs line of
business, Lockheed IMS provides moving violation
processing and collection services to courts and
municipalities across the country.
Child support services. Lockheed IMS helps court
officials and local and state administrators comply
with federal and state child support requirements
by providing operational assistance to augment
staffing, automation, and management capabilities
for improved program performance. The role of
local courts in the establishment and cnfbrcemcnt
of child support orders is incorporated into
Lockheed IMS’ provision of services, which
encompasses all agencies involved in the child
support program. The preparation of documents
for court, the scheduling of cases for court appear-
ance, calculation of arrearage, and collection of
payments are representative of the scMces pro-
vided by Lockheed IMS.
For more information on Lockheed IMS’ court-
related program services, contact Ed Gund, senior vice
president of marketing, at (202) 293-4324, or write to
Lockheed IMS, 1350 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.,
Suite 700, Washington, D. C., 20036.
INCORPORATED
M A T R O N , INC.
m a t r o n , Inc. is a leading supplier of software and
hardware systems for governments, including solutions
that case the managcmcnt of court administration,
court accounting, jury management, prosecution, and
probation. Manatron designs, markets, installs, and
maintains advanced turn-key data processing systems
for American government cntitics at the city, county,
and state Icvels. Thc company’s major products are
functional on thc principal operating systems, including
MS-DOS, UNIX, and BTOS/CTOS, resulting from
Manatron’s continued commitment to modify its
products to perform in an open systems cnvironmcnt.
Manatron is dedicated to dcvcloping the highcst
quality products while providing unparallclcd service to
its customers. Thc company’s managcmcnt believes
that its continued invcsmcnt in forming strategic
business and marketing rclationships will assist
Manatron in its goal of becoming thc prccmincnt
supplicr of software solutions for govcrnmcnt.
Manatron is an activc mcmbcr of thc Fonun on the
Advanccmcnt of Court Tcchnology. Manatron is a
public corporation with offices throughout thc Unitcd
states.
MAXIMA
Thc MAXIMA Corporation is a rccognizcd lcadcr in
providing innovative, cost-cffcctivc information
tcchnoiogy solutions h r the fcdcral, statc, and local
govcrnmcnts and private-sector indusmcs. In thc
company’s short but successful 13-ycar history, thc firm
has dcveloped an outstanding rcputation in thc arcas of
information systems cngincering, information tcchnol-
ogy integration, computcr ficility managcmcnt, and
operation and records management. Scrviccs provided
by thc firm indudc:
Syszzms Engineering and h a p a t i o n . MAXIMA
provides computcr systcms integration and soft-
ware cnginccring and support in thc dcvclopment
of customcr application systems.
Computer Facilities Managcmen:. MAXIMA
manages and opcratcs both largc and small com-
putcr fialitics including a full range of support
scnliccs.
TelecommunicationsServim. MAXIMA designs,
devclops, installs, configures, and maintains
communication halitics h r voice, data, video, and
integrated communication networks.
Infirmation and hma3 Managcmmt.
MAXIMA managcs and opcratcs records Fdalitics,
information centers, clcaringhouscs, libraries,
survcy operations, and publication programs.
The success of MAXIMA Corporation in informa-
tion technology scrviccs is thc firm’s ability to mcct a
0
broad range of clicnt rcquircmcnts within its spccial-
izcd arcas. Our quality serviccs provide solutions to
our customer’s nccds not just fbr today but fbr thc
futurc of thcir organizations.
MEAD DATA CENTRAL
Law firms, corporations, courts, and govcrnmcnt
agencics find that Mead Data Ccnml’s LEXIS scrvicc is
a valuablc tool for quick access to full-tcxt, onlinc
information. LEXIS is thc world’s leading computcr-
assisted legal rcscarch scrviccs, with cxtcnsivc fila of
fcdcral and state casc law, coda, rcgulations, and
dozcns of spccializcd libraries of law, including tax,
sccuritics, insurance, and labor. LEXIS also indudes
English and Frcnch law, and Shcpard’s and AutoCitc
citation services.
Mead Data Ccntral also oers thc NEXIS service,
with full text amdcs fiom more than 650 leading
0
ncwspapcrs, magazines, and wire serviccs; thc LEXIS
Financial Infbrmation service, with SEC flings and
security analysts’ rcports from dozcns of top brokcragc
h; thc LEXIS Country Information scrvicc, with
country analysis reports and international ncws; thc
MEDIS medical information service; the LEXPAT
patcnt service; and thc NAARS accounting database,
madc available by agreement with thc American
Institutc of Ccmficd Public Accountants.
MINOLTA
MINOLTA CORPORATION
Thc Minolta Corporation’s Docwncnt Imaging
Systcms Division (DISD) is a leader in thc manufsctur-
ing of storage and rcmcval systems. The division has
succcssfully provided fcdcral, statc and county agencics
with document managcmcnt solutions, offering a
0
 4
selection of products ranging from basic micrographic
reader-printers and microfilmers to state-of-the-art
electronic image management (EIM) systems.
As a participant in the CTC 111exhibition (booths
103 and 105), Minolta will be displaying their newest
EIM system, MI3MS 3000, a Windows 3.0 based
system with a compound document capability that
allows scamlcss acccss to information regardless of
location; multi-tasking via a graphical user interface
(GUI); batch processing; connectivity with popular
mainframe computer platforms; Novell network
capabilities and optional Intelligent Character Recogni-
tion (ICR), FAX, and Computer Output Lascr Devices
(COLD).
Also on display will be Minolta’s RP 6052plain-
paper reader-printer, a universal microfilm system
featuring a variety of standard features including
superior optics, automatic exposure control, optical
image rotation, and a 250-sheet paper cassette. The
optional Mars Controller4 incrcases the efficiency of
search, retrieval and printing functions. The recently
released Universal Carrier UC-1, designed for use with
Minolta’s RP 6052 and 6062 Reader-Printers and the
MS-1000 Microform Scanner, will also be displayed.
The UC-1 is a semi-automatic load film carrier with
two integrated carriers, one for 16/35mm film and one
for microfiche. It is the only motorized universal
carrier in the marketplace today.
MUNICIPAL ACCOUNT SERVICES
Municipal Account Services, affiliated with Continental
Credit Services, Inc., was established in 1977 as a full
service collection agency with corporate headquarters
in Kirkland, Washington. We are now the largest
collection agency in the Pacific North-, and one of
the largest on the Wcst Coast. Our services include:
Collection of delinquent accounts
Collection of dishonored checks
Collection of delinquent judgments
Prccollection letter service
Skip-tracing
Staff attorney and legal department
Lawsuits, wage, and bank garnishments
The keys to our succcss include consistently high
recovexy, superb client service, a large and diversified
dicnt base, trained and succcssM collectors and other
personnel, high technology support tools, and flexibil-
ity. We have the technological and operational capa-
bilities, the experience, and, most importantly, the
trained personnel and managerncnt team to meet the
changing needs of our clients. The best proof of our
capabilities is the satisfaction of our clients who find
our services meet or exceed their expectations and
requirements year after year.
NATIONAL CENTER FOR STATE COURTS
The National Center for State Courts was founded in
1971 at the urging of Chief Justice Warren E. Burger
to serve as a central rcsource for the state courts.
Today, through seven offices throughout the United
States, it meets the needs of the state courts by working
in four areas.
Rcsearch projects explore the causes of problems in
the state courts, test possible solutions, and
compile statistical pictures of the work of the state
courts.
Education and training programs, conducted by
the National Center’s Institute fbr Court Manage-
ment, ofir spcaalized training in judicial adminis-
tration by a ficulty of academics and practitioners.
Information exchange allows states to learn from
each others’ experiences. The National Ccnter
monitors and collects infomation on trends in the
courts and distributes that information on request
to courts and others interested in judicial adminis-
tration.
Direct assistance projects help individual state
courts and court systems take advantage of the
National Center’s experience and expertise to solve
spcafic problems. Recommendations are custom-
ized to the needs of the individual court.
In addition to court technology, the National
Center’s projects cover delay reduction, calendar
management, court facilities guidelines, appellate
courts, jury management, alternative dispute rcsolu-
tion, judicial performance evaluations, and other topics.
The National Ccnter for State Courts is a private,
nonprofit corporation dedicated to improving the
administration of justice in the state courts.

NDX ON-LINE SYSTEMS
NDX On-fine systems is an exciting new solution for
the old problem of public record access, or PRA. NDX
is the state-of-the-art system for providing on-line
access and retrieval of public records with no cost to
the court. Until now, PRA via computers has been
nonexistent or fragmented at bcst.’ NDX harnesses the
power of imaging and communications technology to
give your patrons the ability to scarch records, along
with the ability to retrieve and print documents at their
office. Please stop by our booth for a fice demonstra-
tion, or call us at 1-800-274-4025 for more informa-
tion.
0 NYNEX Computer Services is a leading provider of
-
North Communications
NORTH COMMUNICATIONS AND
THE LONG BEACH MUNICIPAL COURT
North Communications is one of the nation’s leading
developers of multimedia technology. Since 1986, the
company has produced interactive computerized
systems which integrate the processing power of a
computer with the sensory power of 111-motion video.
North Communications provides touchscreen, turn-key
multimedia transaction networks complete with
software, hardware, and enclosures. Thcse systems arc
used for public access infbrmation, education, training,
marketing, entertainment, and merchandising. North
has developed unique software products such as
Automated Transaction Application Interface (ATAI),
which enable host applications to creatively take
advantage of the cndlcss possibilities of multimedia. By
replacing the standard “green screens” of the computer
with graphics, motion video, and audio, ATAI convcm
the users' touches into simple keystrokes to the host
computer. Additionally, the company has a design
patent pending on its newly manuhcturcd multimedia
kiosk.
The Long Beach Municipal Court was established
July 24,1925, and was the first municipal court in the
state of California. The geographical area served by the
court i n d u d a the a t i a of Long Beach and Signal Hill,
as well as some unincorporated area. It sems over
0
400,000 people. The court consists of 10 judges and 3
commissioners. The Long Beach Municipal Court, out
of the 24 judicial districts that comprise Los Angela
County, is second in size only to the Los Angela
Municipal Court. The court files more than 200,000
cases cach year, over half of which are vehicle code or
related city traffic ordinances. The court collects over
$12 million in fines,fees, and other costs annually.
0
NYNEX COMPUTER SERVICES COMPANY
transaction processing services and information applica-
tions that support the flow and management of infor-
mation to customers in government, retail, finanaal
services, transportation, and distribution industria.
Vidzo Court Rccording and Rcmotc Awaignmcnt
Syrtcm. This video telecommunicationsproduct
enables court systems to conduct arraignments and
0
hearings cost-effectively, safely, and conveniently by
allowing defendants to be arraigned through video
from the jail site. A distinguishing feature of the
NYNEX system is a six-way split screen with a voicc-
activated feature that automatically displays the person
speaking in the largest window on the screen. The
defendant can be arraigned fiom a video-quipped site
at the jail, with the judge, prosecuting and defense
attorneys, wimcss, and defendant in view at all t i m a on
the screen. Other remote sites, such as child witness
rooms, can be linked through video to the courtroom.
The NYNEX Computer ScMccs solution is completely
turn-key, including cameras, monitors, and VCRs.
NYNEX docs all installation and maintenance work.
Come to Booth #606 for a demonstration of an
actual video court recording and arraignment system.
Make a videotape that you can take back to your court
showing the many features of the NYNEX video
judicial system.
0

OFFICE AUTOMATION CONSULTANTS, INC.
Office Automation Consultants, Inc., (OAC) is a
professional software company that has specialized in
supplying quality software, support, and service afier
the sale to all types of coum. Since 1981,OAC has
supplied its Automated Case Tracking System (ACTS)
software and its jury management software to numer-
ous courts in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas.
In its 1989 annual report, a state court made these
comments about the ACTS software:"The tracking
system, which encompasses the filing of notices of
appeal through the filing of the record before this
Court, is the most comprehensive system presently in
use in the United States."
OAC's jury management software is a comprehen-
sive computer software application that offers orga-
nized control over tracking ofjurors, both during the
qualification and summonsing process and during the
actual jury service. The jury management software is
installcd in both a one-day/one-mal operation and in
operations in which jury duty is pcrformed on a
number of contiguous days.
OAC has, over the last 10 years, built an impec-
cable reputation for supplying quality software, service
and support and truly can be called the Court Automa-
tion Company.
PRC PUBLIC MANAGEMENT SERVICES
PRC Public Management Services is the world's
number one provider of integrated public safety
systems, with a track-record spanning nearly 30 years.
PRC offers a complete range of public safety and
criminal justice systems that include computer-aided
dispatch; message switching; and law enforcement, fire,
EMS,jail, and court records management systems.
PRC's systems support more than 650 depamnents in
the United States, Canada, and Europe.
PRC offers a complctc range of system life-cyde
services and support. We start by working with you to
develop functional system specifications. We can
provide complete hardware and software maintenance
for multiple years on a fixed price basis. AI1 PRC
offices are linked by a high-speed data-communications
network to halitate our system development and
customer service activities. In short, there will be no
surprises. You will know the full cost of ownership and
fully understand our plcdge of customer service and
support during the initial buying proccss.
PRC is one of the largest and most diversified firms
in the information systems and services industry. A
leader in systems integration, PRC applies existing and
emerging technologies to address the needs of govem-
ment and commercial clients worldwide. For more
information on how PRC can help you meet your
public safety needs, call PRC today. PRC Public
Management Services, Inc., 1500 Planning Research
Drive, McLean, Va., 22102;(703)556-2700;FAX
(703)556-1174.
PRECISION CONTRACTING SERVICES, INC.
Precision Contracting Services, Inc. (PCS). is a Jupiter,
Fla., firm spcaalizing in custom designed and built
video arraignment communication systems that encom-
pass two or more locations and additional services.
PCS's operational system in Marion County
(Ocala), Fla., has the capacity to opcrate voice and data
transmission in addition to the audio/video signal
necessary for the video arraignment. This setup
eliminates lcascd lines for PBX, computer networks,
and facsimile communications. This allows the operat-
ing agency additional revenuc savings and a Easter
payback of system costs.
Other features of this system are its speaal-efkcts
generator, allowing the split screening described by
other systems without "audio-switching" innrfkrence.
A character generator is provided to allow the system
operator to input critical data to overlay on the re-
corded image. All images from the split screening are
recorded on dual tapes for added operational security.
In turn-key projects, PCS utilizcs local audio/
video firms to meet specifications of the dicnt, which
provides local involvement from installation and .
maintcnancc aspects as well as allowing PCS to offer
"shelf" products that reduce any reliance on sole-
source systems.
 PCS bclicvcs in tailoring fcatures to the entities’
desires as not all agcncics prefer “audio-switched” or
“motion-tracked” imagcs duc to thcir inherent distrac-
tions. PCS oars assistance to audio/video vendors as
wcll as opcrating a g e n d a in mccting thc goals of any
systcm. PCS bclievcs the usc of fiber optic cable to be
far superior to the usc of microwavc transmission in its
capacity, flcxibility, security, and unlimited lifetime.
PROCAT
ProCAT was bundcd in 1982 as Advanced Transla-
tions Tcchnology, Inc. Over the last 10 ycars it has
cxpcricnccd continuous growth and profitability.
ProCAT has built its success on innovation in provid-
ing thc best valuc-addcd products and highest quality
of support to mcet the cvcr-growing necds of thc court
reporting and legal justice cnvironmcnt. To that cnd,
you arc cordially invited to cxpcriencc thc latest
tcchnological advances in A.RT.
ProCAT Ensemblcm:
Rcvolutionary “building block” computcr
integration
Advanced rcaltimc applications
0 Rcvolutionary imaging tcchnology
CIC scrver tcchnology
Workstation dismbution
- Multitasking task management
- Customized visual *lays
- Sophisticatcd text managcmcnt
ProCAT Elite: Thc True Art of Transcript Publi-
cationm
Rcvolutionary CAT technology
Graphical user intcficc
- Custom visual display
- Icon technology ( m o wcompatibility)
- Windows user intcrfacc
- Elitc WYSIWYG‘-Tmc transcript display
Surround!”-thc ultimate text manager
- Unparallelcd profcssional presentation
- Custom font, stylc and w i g h t selections
- Custom comprcsscd printing prescntations
Multitasking option with Dcsqvicw” interface
Elite instant edit option
Pleasc acccpt our personal invitation to prcvicw
Impression”, the writing instrumcnt that translates
and prints in a true realtimc display. It is truly rcvolu-
0
tionary!
RADIX CORPORATION
Radix Corporation was founded in 1969 b r thc
purposc of dcveloping and marketing computer systcm
products for spcafic h c t i o n a l market areas. In 1974,
Radix introduced the UTILICORDER, onc of thc first
hand-held data collection dcviccs for the utility mctcr
rcading industry. In Junc, 1987 Radix introduced thc
PASSPORT handheld data collection dcvicc. The
improved handheld took the placc of the
UTILICORDER 3500,a version of the original
UTILICORDER
Utility mctcr rcading rcmaincd Radix’s primaxy
data collection application until February 1988,whcn
Radix acquired IBS, a formcr subsidiary of Allied Signal
0
Corporation. Thc acquisition brought two new
products to the linc: thc FW60 handheld computcr and
thc FP40 portablc thermal printer, as wcll as a new
application in automated parking ticketing. The
FW60,a smallcr, more vcrsatilc handheld gradually
took the place of the PASSPORT, and, in the spring of
1989,a new linc of backplane tcchnology products was
introduccd to intcgratc with thc FW60. Thc backplane
products indudc a dot mamx printer and a laser
scanner.
Radix has rcccntly introduccd thc Automated Law
Enforcement Citation System. Thc new systcm
indudcs thc usc of thc FW60 handheld to cnter
atation data, the FP40 printer to print accurate,
computerized Citations, and a magnetic stripc rcader
for entering data from magnetic-stripc cncodcd drivcrs’
liccnscs. For information contact Stcvc Horrocks,
marketing manager, (800)367-9256.
0

SABRE SYSTEMS AND SERVICE
Sabre Systcms and ScMcc, a member of thc Forum on
the Advanccmcnt of Court Tcchnology (FACT), is
dcdicatcd to thc continucd dcvclopmcnt of quicker and
more cffiacnt methods of processing and disscminating
courts-rclatcd information-both internally and
cxtcmally. Sabre's court administrativc management
system operates in an intcractivc, rcal-timc, mcnu-
drivcn cnvironmcnt automating documcnt imaging,
docketing, schcduling/conflict rcsolution, casc track-
ing, forms gcncration, financial accounting, and casc
rcpomng at all states of thc judicial process. Thc
schcduling/conflict rcsolution fcaturc opcrates auto-
matically or through uscr intcrvcntion, and handles
cases, courtrooms, attorneys, and judges.
This complctcly integrated systcm supports all
limited and gcncnl jurisdiction rcquircmcnts. Addi-
tionally, thc Sabrc system supports jury managcmcnt,
adult and juvcnilc probation, and juvcnilc dctcntion
e ccntcrs. C a s can bc vicwcd by any office at any timc
including shcri&, prosecutors, public dckndcrs,
judges, and clerks. Pcrsonal notes can bc set up for any
casc and clcctronically sent to appropriatc pamcs. In
addition, on-line notification is dqatchcd to all
conccrncd offices as information is filcd with the clerk.
An clcctronic mail systcm is available for sending
information bctwccn offices.
The Sabrc system is mrcmcly flcxiblc in its design,
allowing for uscr-defined, tablc-drivcn codes that
climinatc redundant cntry of kcy data. Thc contcxt-
sensitive HELP h n u c provides thc uscr with valuablc
information about each scrccn clcmcnt and indudes
"pop-up" codc tables for quick and easy input. Thc
internal forms gcncrator enables thc uscr to design,
cdit, save, and print desired reports and hrms, indud-
ing ccmficd mail and suprcmc court rcpom of judges'
monthly activity.
Rcsponsivc to thc most sophsticatcd technology
demands, the Sabre system indudes on-line documcnt
imaging, allowing thc user to casily capturc, store,
*lay, and print all documcnts related to thc indi-
vidual casc.
PRODUCTS, INC.
SENTRY PRODUCTS, INC.
Scnay Products, Inc., offcrs the SCAN duress alarm
system. Provcn tough and rcliabk, SCAN is thc most
vcrsatilc, location-discrctc body alarm systcm on thc
market. A court official or corrcctional officer
equipped with a SCAN transmitter can movc anywhcrc
in thc SCAN protcacd arca and activation of thc
transmitter w ill always pinpoint the location. Thc
SCAN system is readily interactive with ncw or existing
audio, CCTV, and elcctromcchanical sccurity q u i p -
mcnt. Standard systcm componcnts mcct all rcquirc-
mcnts.
SIEMENS NIXD0R.P
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.
Sicmcns Nixdorf Information Systems, Inc., thc
world's scvcnth-largest computcr company, is a major
forcc in thc worldwidc govcrnmcnt systems market. It
is onc of thc only major computcr companics providing
complete, customized solutions globally for local, statc,
and fcdcral govcrnmcnts in four contincnts. Sicmcns
Nixdorfis dcrnonstrating its Intcgratcd Court Managc-
mcnt System, which allows for thc latest in criminal
case processing. This unique, comprchcnsivc system
offcrs imagc processing and optical disk storage,
dclivcring high-spccd scrvicc with maximum efficiency.
simpact
SIMPACT ASSOCIATES, INC.
Founded in 1972,Simpact Associates, Inc., cmploys
210 pcoplc at corporatc hcadquartcrs in San Dicgo,
Calif. and thc cast coast facility in &ston, Va. Simpact
is an information systcms company that provides
products and scrvices in thrcc arcas: voicc processing
and integration; conncctivity; and systems intcgration
and applications.In 1990,Simpact acquired DAS, a
lcading voicc-rcsponsc company. The combination of
Simpact’s strength in data communications and DAS’
voice-processing cxpcrtisc provides a solid technology
base for supplying high quality voice products.
Simpact’s new Clientcall product-based on
Simpact’s highly modular voice architecture-is a
powerful platform for implementing a wide range of
voice-response applications. Clientcall offers optional
speaker-independent speech recognition with large
custom vocabularies, a powcrfid SPARC-based transac-
tion processor, and a sophisticated application gcnera-
tor. Simpact’s customers include government agencies,
Fortune 500 companies, computer OEMs,and systems
integrators. Simpan reaches its aistomers through a
direct sales force in the United States and through
dismbutors in Europe.
THE SOFI’WARE GROUP, INC.
Since 1981, The Sofiware Group, Inc. has dedicated
hard work, top-quality products, and conscientious
service to customers in county government. The
history of TSG is one of succcssfid, positive response to
change. By focusing sofhMIz applications on the
automation needs of county government and by
building a strong product base that is dedicated solely
to the county government market, TSG has experi-
enced remarkable growth during this decade. Today,
TSG offers over 700 county offices in 5 states intc-
grated software solutions in judicial management and
law enforcement, as well as financiais, appraisal and tax.
In addition, TSG provides a “total solution”on a
number of computer platbrms. Senrices indude
training and ongoing support to ensure customer’s
automation success. As TSG looks f o m d to the next
10 years and beyond, caring and concern for
customer’s satisfaction remains the number one priority
for this company.
Southwestern Bell
Telephone
SOUTHWESTERN BELL
TELEPHONE COMPANY
Southwestern Bell Telephone provides local exchange,
exchange acccss, inn;lLATA long distance, PlcxarR
(central office-based communications), Digital Link
Services, Custom Calling Services, Touch-tine, emer-
gency 91 1, and public phone services to more than one
million business customers and eight million residential
customers in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma,
and Texas. Southwestern Bell’s goal is to continue
matching the company’s technical capabilities with
0
customer demand, considering market research and
customer input.
Those attending CTC I11 will be available to
discuss telecommunicationsapplications that have been
developed specifically for courts. Among them: public
information network, remote video arraignment, public
works remote monitoring. and more.
STATE SHORTHAND REPORTING
SERVICE, INC.
With more than 35 years of experience in the court-
reporting technological field, SSRS offen a variety of
services to accommodate any transcription need. Our
VIS/TA (voice identification software for transcript
accuracy) package, now in place in Phoenix and Tucson
courtrooms, is a pioneer in the legal field. VIS/TA is a
0
hlly copyrighted audio/vidco transcription package
using a computerized voice identification proccss
interFdccd with audio/video recording equipment.
All of our reporting modalities are keyed into an
in-house data bank system, which allows for unlimited
storage of records, providing complete and instanta-
neous retrieval and cross-referencing capabilities at any
time-that is, determining at the push of a bottom all
the pertinent information you need.
STENOCAT
StcnoCAT was founded in 1987 and has become the
&test growing company in the computer-aided
transcript business by developing innovative products
and services. As an example, StcnoCAT was the first
0
CAT company to offer 24 hours a day, seven days a
 week support services to its customers. StenoCAT’s
motto is “Designed by Reporters for Reporters.”
StenoCAT’s success is based on three primary products:
StenoCAT: StenoCAT software is the ultimate
product for translating machine taken phonetic
shorthand into English.
StenoCAT Educational System: StenoCAT is the
only company to address the specific needs of court
repomng schools. The system produces transcript
dictation material that is needed for class instruc-
tion and tcsting.
Computer Integrated Reporting (CIR): StenoCAT
has taken the lead in the integration of real-time
computer-aided transcription with electronic and
video recording into a system that provides for
instantaneous access to the record, as well as to
supplementaxy judicial information.
For the last ten months, StenoCAT has sponsored
the only fully functional CIR courtroom in California.
StenoCAT CIR systems offer: real-time unlimited
scroll-back, networking of computer workstations,
electronic note taking, litigation support, imaging, and
video recording. The videotaping is linked to the
reporter’s n o t a to provide instantaneous indexing
capabilities. StenoCAT offers CIR in portable form so
e deposition reporters can provide the fearures of this
system to attorneys in their deposition rooms.
StenoCAT CIR made it possible for the reporter to
produce completed transcripts 45 minutes after pro-
ceedings in a recent $50 million lawsuit in Texas.
fixrrsedOn)6urFutvrs
STENOGRAPH
Stenograph Corporation, headquartered in Mt. Pros-
pect, Ill., is the worldwide leading manufacturer and
marketer of shorthand machines, CAT sofnNare
(computer-aided transcription), supplies and educa-
tional materials fbr court reporters. The company has
recently introduced the Stenturam writing instrument,
the first court reporter’s shorthand machine to offir
real-time translation of keystrokes from stenographic
symbols to English. With its cxdusivc translation and
text @lay capabilities, this new machine gins report-
ing professionals the ability to read back testimony on
request at the touch of a button.
Stenograph has also developed CaseViewTM
sofnvare, a package uscd in courtrooms and deposi-
tions. This total access courtroom software allows
judges, juries, wimcsses and attorneys to read-along in
real-time, scroll backwards or search for previous
testimony to aide in the questioning of a witness.
CaseViewm allows all participants in the courtroom to
be connected via computer and to have information at
their fingertips. It has also proved to be extremely
helpful when one or more of the pamapants is hearing
impaired.
SLS
STENOGRAPH LEGAL SERVICES,INC.
Stenograph Legal Services (SLS), based in San
Lcandro, Calif., (800) 443-8007, markets the follow-
ing products:
DiscoveryZX is a full-text scarch and remeval
software package marketed and sold to the legal
profissional. Full-text search and remeval is
defined as the ability to free-form search and
rcmeve any word or smng of words from a textual
database or large document.
DiscoveryBase is an integrated litigation support
software package designed speafically by lawyers
for the legal profession. It has four main inte-
grated features: (1) an electronic case filing system;
(2) a report generator; (3) a full-text document
search and remeval system with a direct link to the
casc file; and (4) a graphic image k t u r e with a
direct link to the casc file.
DiscovcryVideo (patent pending) product allows,
for the first time, the ability for video and
audiotapcd depositions or court proceeding to be
fully synchronized with the spoken word for full-
tcxt search, retrieval, and playback. This system is
the first end-user, multi-media application for the
legal and court repomng profcssions.
DiscoveryZX InfoBase currently comprise the
federal rules of evidence, civil procedure, and appellate
procedure. All of these are available in DiscovcryZX
full-text format. Traveling Transcript transforms
ASCII fila generated fiom CAT systems fiom eight
pages of printed transcript into a unique one-page
presentation. This makes transportation of transcript
much lighter and easier to take to out-of-town deposi-
tions or mals.

S~rpplyTech, Inc.
Elsmnlc Data Interchange
Bar Coding
SUPPLY TECH,INC.
Of an estimated 18,000 to 20,000 installations of ED1
softwarc in thc Unitcd Statcs at thc cnd of 1991, morc
than 6,000 bclongcd to Supply Tcch. Morc than 30
pcrccnt of thc standards-based ED1 uscrs in thc Unitcd
Statcs’ automotivc and rctail industries use Supply
Tech’s ED1 softwarc. Top ED1 rcsearchcrs and
consultants havc identified Supply Tcch as an industry
leader.
Supply Tcch was founded in 1984 by industry-
bascd computer profcssionals and has built an out-
standing reputation in the ED1 industry for product
quality and product support. Softwarc products
o&rcd indudc: STX(tm) (hrmcrly STX12) for thc
Microcomputcr, STX(m)(fbrmcrly STX12) for thc
IBM m a i n h c , and bar codc labcl gcncration soh-
warc titlcd STBAR. At thc cnd of 1991, Supply Tcch
had more than 100 pcrsonncl and salcs revcnuc of over
$8 million. Supply Tech’s installcd customcr basc
rangcs fiom very small to very largc companics in over
13 counmcs including thc USA, Canada, Mexico,
France, Belgium, UK, and Japan.
Using Supply Tcch’s ED1 softwarc, it is possible to
implcmcnt any ANSI and EDIFACT based ED1
mcssagc vcxy quickly through on-scrccn definition.
Trading partner and industry variations to thc Samc
mcssagc type arc accomrnodatcd. A U.S. patcnt has
bccn approved fbr this mcthodology.
SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION (SCT)
Systcms and Computer Technology Corporation
(SCT) is a lcadcr in applications softsvarc and comput-
ing managcmcnt scMccs fbr govcrnmcnt jurisdictions
and highcr cducation institutions nationwide.
a Syntex company
0
SYVA COMPANY
Syva Company is a lcading dcvelopcr, manuficturcr,
and markctcr of drugs-of-abusc (including alcohol)
tests and diagnostic instruments. S y d s uniquely
qualified substance-abusc specialists are dedicated to
helping develop drugtcsting programs for criminal
justice agcncics. Call Syva Company for a fice bro-
churc and for morc information.
TIBURONflSW3
Tiburon/PSW3 is an indcpcndcntly owncd company
dcdicatcd solcly to public sakty and criminal justice
systems. Thc company is uniquely qualified to provide
public safcty and criminal justice agcncics with fully
customized, integrated solutions, supported by a
comprehensive program of sofcwarc maintcnancc and
0
upgrades emending wcll bcyond projcct implcmcnta-
tion and projca completion.
Beforc Novcmbcr of 1989, Tiburon and PSW3
wcrc two scparatc organizations, each a rccognized
lcadcr in thc public safcty and criminal justice commu-
nity. Tiburon, Inc.. was fbrmcd in 1980 with the
objcctivc ofproviding thc most comprchcnsivc records
managcmcnt systcms aMilablc for policc, firc, and
corrcctional agcnacs. PSW2 was also formcd in 1980,
specializing in computcr aided dispatching and mcssagc
switching systems for police, firc, and cmcrgency
medical agcncics.
Thc mergcr crcatcd TiburonflSW3, a company
with over ten years of cxpcricncc in the arcas of public
safcty and criminal justice systcms, carrying a wcll-
known commimcnt to rcliability, pcrformancc, and
dicnt scMcc. Bccausc of thc scopc of our produns
and services, Tiburon/PSW3 is now bcttcr qualified
than any othcr company to provide a comprchensivc,
filly-intcgratcd criminal justice infbrmation system.
0
4
micorn
UNICORN SYSTEMS COMPANY
Founded in 1969, Unicorn Systems Company is a Los
Angela-based software consulting and software
products company. Unicorn originally developed and
installed the JURY+ jury management system for the
county of b s Angcles. JURY+ manages all aspects of
jury administration including idennfjing juror candi-
dates, selecting them for service, postponing and
excusing them, taking juror attendance, assigning
jurors to cases,keeping track of casc history, and
handling juror payroll and service cemfications. In
addition, JURY+ maintains a cornprchcnsivc set of
juror utilization statistics that enable jury management
personnel to better predict their future juror needs,
thereby reducing the number of jurors summoned and
dccrcasing court costs. Designed to run on a variety of
platforms from personal computers, local area net-
works, wide area networks to mainframes, JURY+
utilizes advanced scanning technology to process and
track jurors throughout Scrvicc. JURY+ is bcing
marketed through a unique software licensing anange-
ment with the county of Los Angcles and the system is
now installed in a number of courts nationwide.
WANG LABORATORIES, INC.
As a lcadcr in imaging and a major provider of inte-
grated court systems, Wang Laboratories ofkrs a wide
w i t t y of products and services to help court managers
achieve real, measurable gains in workflow efficiency
and automation. We would like to partner with you to
solve your court automation problems. Our strategic
partnership with IBM has broadened and strengthened
the platform and software options for our customers.
We now offer fully integrated imaging solutions for
open systems as well as our VS product line.
Wang's strategy is to concentrate on expanding
both our technology and professional consulting
expertise to help c o w and related agcnaes achieve
increases in productivity, improve constituent relations
and share information with outside agenda. At our
booth,representatives from Wang and our software
busincss partners will bc dcrnonstrating court managc-
ment software solutions and litigation support systems
fully integrated with imaging and voice technology.
Many of these products operate on our VS h i l y of
products and the Wang Risc series of Unix servers and
can network to LANs, mainframes or minicomputers.
In addition to demonstrating hardware and
software, representatives fiom our criminal justice
group will be available to discuss with you our business
process management re-cngincering methodology and
illustrate the productivity improvements you can
achieve by using the methods wc have developed. We
look forward to meeting you at our booth.
II"
WEST PUBLISHING COMPANY
For more than a century, West Publishing Company
has been helping the American bench and bar find the
law. Today, West ofkrs the legal community a truly
coordinated system that combines the advantages of
traditional print and computerized rcscarch tools.
The WESTLAW computer-assisted legal research
service provides virtually instant access to the U.S.
Code, federal regulations, state statutes, state and
federal casc bw, and specialized topical resources.
WESTLAW also carries selected databases from other
publishers and allows access to other online services.
West CD-ROM Libraries combine the enormous
storage capacity of CD-ROM discs with the familiarity
of book rcscarch and the utility of personal computers.
Separate CD-ROM Libraries are available for such
topics as kderal taxation, bankruptcy, federal civil
practice, government contracts and federal securities.
Primary source materials published by West include
casc law from all 50 states in the national Reporter
System, decisions of the federal courts, United states
Code Annotated, and annotated statutes for 22 states.
West also publishes state and federal key numbcr
digests which serve as topical indexes to cast law; legal
encyclopedias; practice books, court rules for 38 statcs;
and ueatiscs.
Third National Court Technology Conference
Exhibitor Pro~rmzSession Schedule
mumday, March 12,3:45p.m. to 4:45p.m.
Room Exhibitor Session Number

Morocco Atkisson and Associates, Inc. 704

Ming B.E.I. Communications 713
Milan Cheetah Systems 714
Miro Data West Systems 703
Cordinal Digital Equipment Corporation 707
Madrid INSLAW, Inc. 711
wycth Ion Track Instruments, Inc. 710
Metropolitan Jefferson Audio Video Systems 702
Batik Manatron, Inc. 708
Monet M a d Data Central 701
Laliquc Preasion Contracting Services, Inc. 712
hsctta StcnoCAT 705
Obelisk Systems and Computer Technology Corp. (SCT) 706
Fleur-de-Lis Wang Laboratories, Inc. 709

Thunday, March 12,5:00p.m. to 6:OOp.m.

Room Exhibitor Session Number
Miro Omni-Tech Systems, Ltd. 715
Morocco Supply Tech, Inc. 716

Friday, March 13,3:45p.m. to 4:45p.m.

Room Exhibitor Session Number

Wyeth Adaptive Information Systems 725

Monet ATEK Information Services, Inc. 719
Ming CascBasc 727
Miro CHOICE Information Systems, Inc. 718
Obelisk HOK Architects, Engineers, Planners 721
Monet IBM Public Sector Industry Marketing 717
Metropolitan Jefferson Audio Video Systems 702
Flcur-Lis North Communications and the Long Beach Municipal Court 724
Batik Sabrc Systems and Service 723
Cardinal State Shorthand Rcpomng Service 726
Morocco Stenograph 722
Rosetta Stcnograph Lcgl Services 720
 Third National Court Technology Conference
Exhibitor Pr08rma Session Descriptions
ADAM'IVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (AIS)
AIS will discuss how to implement optical disk-based
technology while minimizing risk and maximizing the
benefits of the ux:of this technology. AIS, a member
of the Himchi Group of Companies, has experienced
successll installations at several courthouses. They will
discuss the process that courts should go through to
evaluate imaging systems and highlight potential pitfalls
in implementing optical disk technology.
Before recommending any system to a customer,
AIS conducts an information systems analysis of the
customcr's present operation. The elements of this
appraisal make up "The Adaptive Process." Handouts
will be provided that allow you to gain exposure to the
cost-benefits of optical disk technology. Topics to be
covered include: sizing your system properly, using
your existing resources to reduce the initial investment
and how to implement the initial system to provide for
future expansion of the system.
ATEK INFORMATION SERVICES, INC.
ATEK Information ScMccs, Inc., will fixture a demon-
stration of its WRITS Justice Administration System,
currently being used by courts and justice agencies of
all sizes in eleven states. WRITS is a comprehensive
management tool that automates the daily activities of
not only the courts, but all of the agencies and offices
that make up the justice system. In working with its
clients, ATEK stresscs the importance of automation,
not simply as a way to capture and rcmcve data, but as
a tool to help judges, court managers, and everyone
involved in the administration of justice more easily
achieve their goals and objectives. Therefore, this
demonstration will emphasize the ways in which the
WRITS system can help you manage your court or
office more succcssfully. In particular, you will see how
a
the flexible design and the many wr-defined htures
of the fully integrated WRITS modules permit you, the
w r , to create a system that will meet the needs of any
court, whether limited or general jurisdiction, for
efficient case management and effective court adminis-
tration. You will see the minicomputer-based WRITS
system for larger courts, as well as the WRITS/ux
system, a PC-based UNIX system specifically designed
to meet the needs of the smaller court. You will also
see how advanced technologies, such as imaging, bar-
coding and pen-based computing, can bc used as an
integral part of a total information management
solution in the court environment.
ATKISSON AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
Atkisson and Associates will present a live demonstra-
tion ofour civil litigation system (CIS), which sup-
ports courts at both limited and general jurisdictional
levels as well as appellate courts,and will process all
types of civil cases. CLS may bc used as a singular
system by the courts, or it may bc integrated into a
county-wide criminal justice information system. CIS
is an on-line transaction processing (OLTP) applica-
tion. It is designed to operate using a m e client/
server transaction processing architecture wherein the
OLTP software balances the dismbution of functions
appropriately between the semr(s) and client worksta-
tions to maximize performance and end user productiv-
ity.
With the knowledge that client/server computing
environments can provide significant price/pcrfor-
mance, productivity, usability, and hnctionality
advantages, we designed the civil litigation system to
employ a graphical user i n t e r k c (GUI), sct-oriented
transactions, application partitioning, dismbuted
transaction management, and multiple database access.
Because of these recent technological advances, we are
able to downsize the CLS application that formerly
would have called for operation on either a mainframe
or minicomputer platform for processing.
CIS provides robust, predictable, and consistent
transaction processing in a focal a m network (LAN)
environment with a technical design that allows greater
flexibility for dcploymcnt and indepcndcncc from
hardware platform, operating system, communications
softwarc, structured qucry language (SQL) data basc
management systems, and presentation services. C I S
has bccn designed as a GUI application that can
opcratc in multiple LAN clicnt/server cnvironments,
including OS/2 Server with OS/2 Clicnts, OS/2
Scrvcr with DOS WINDOWS Clients, and UNIX
Scrvcr with UNIX Clicnts. Supported data base
management systems include Microsoft’s SQL
SERVER and IBM’s OS/2 EE Data Manager.
The civil litigation system also features a sophisti-
catcd forms design and forms generation package to
handlc rcporcing rcquircmcnts and to rcducc or
climinatc the necd for prc-printed forms.
B.E.I. COMMUNICATIONS
An old saying claims that you cannot be in two placcs
at once. But, thc cffccrivc administration of swift, fiir
justice sometimes requires the ability to do just that.
With B.E.I. Communications and MINX, the
Datapoint Multimedia Information Network Ex-
change, you can bc in two or more places at oncc-
down the hall, across thc street, or in another part of
the town. Use of a MINX visual communications
network has provided a number of cost-savings solu-
tions to justice systcms throughout the United States.
Bond and arraignment hcarings, child and expert
tcstimony, and parolc and probate hcarings are all
situations in which thc MINX has provcn invaluablc.
With MINX, you can rcducc thc costs associated
with prisoner transport bccausc many routine procc-
durcs can be accomplished without thc prisoner cvcr
leaving thc detention center. Faster prisoncr proccss-
ing can m a n a rcduction in jail population, and that
can help to avoid costly fincs for noncompliancc with
fcdcral prisoncr population guidelines.
MINX integrates full-motion color vidco, voicc,
and data at a desktop unit about the size of a standard
PC. But, MINX is not just a state-of-thc-art tcchnol-
ogy, it’s also a proven technology. Thcrc arc hundreds
of MINX workstations currently in usc networking
busincss, medical, indusmal, and govcrnmcntal loca-
tions across thc nation.
In short, MINX is the technology to hclp you
rcducc your docket backlog and improve thc adminis-
tration of justice in your jurisdiction. B.E.I. Commu-
nications will provide full support in the planning,
dcsign, installation, implcmcntation, training, and
ongoing support of your video judicial system.
CASEBASE
CaseBase is a legal research succcss story. Starting in
Arkansas and moving to Connecticut, Rhodc Island,
0
Kansas, and Georgia, CascBasc has cstablishcd itsclf as
an accurate and valuable lcgal research tool for judges,
law clerks, librarians, and attorneys.
In this session, lcarn just what CascBasc is and how
it first came to be developed. CascBasc was designed
by an attorney; in this session we will discuss why this is
so important to users. Also included is an in-depth
discussion of thc product dcvcloprnent process--choice
of platform, content, product enhancement issues.
CascBasc is installed in court systems around thc
country-hcar about how thc systcm has bccn rcvicwcd
by thc lcgal community and how it has affected lcgal
research practices in those states.
Any discussion of CascBasc would bc incomplctc
without an cramination of the product itself. A
complctc dcmonstration of CaseBasc will bc prcscntcd,
with real-lifc rcscarch problcms as cxamplcs. A qucs-
tion and answer period will be included in the pro-
gram.
CHEETAH SYSTEMS
Cheetah Systcms will demonstrate thc latest in total-
0
acccss courtroom tcchnology, which allows judgcs,
attorncys, and other mal participants to access thc
mnsuipt of thc procccdings as thcy occur. This
technology also allows full access to the lcgal system
and thc legal rccord for hearing-impaired and visually-
impaired participants.
Bascd around thc real-timc translation capabilities
of Chcctah’s TurboCA’ITM court repomng software,
thc systcms rangc from $1,000 terminals giving
attorneys instant access to the transcript on up through
computcrizcd stations that allow vidcotapc to be
keyword scarchcd and scanned undcr computcr
control.
Attcndces will rcccivc a demonstration of thc
system with a opportunity to try out the various access
stations hands-on. All of thc equipment dcmonstratcd
will also bc availablc at Chcctah’s booths in the exhibit
area. The dcmonstration will include:
T u r b o C A P real-timc translation to provide
access to thc procccdings for hcaringimpaircd
participants.
Simul-Vicwm access stations, which allow judges
and attorneys to vicw thc transcript in real-time,
0
 and perform basic research functions such as
keyword searching and scanning.
CAPtivatorm dosed captioning.
Video-Viewm integrated video, which puts the
videotape and the transcript text up on the
computer screen.
Braille-Viewm add-on displays to allow blind
people full access to Simul-View and TurboCAT
systems.
CHOICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS,INC.
Michael W. Payton is founder and president of
CHOICE Information Systems, Inc., a computer
software and information systems consulting firm that
is dedicated to the court information-systems market.
Before founding CHOICE, Payton served as an
information systems consultant to many government
and private sector organizations, including the NASA/
Langley Research Center in Virginia and the Morgan
Stanley Investment Bank in New York City.
CHOICE is a Virginia-based corporation with
offices in Milwaukee, Wsconsin, and Napa, Calif., in
addition to its headquarters in Newport News, Va.
CHOICE is primarily known for its “SUSTAIN”
family of court information system products, which arc
currently utilized in courts in eight states and Canada.
Rather than presenting CHOICE Infbrmation
System’s products and services, Payton’s presentation
will focus on the following topics:
Automation-Why Courts Fail
Technology-What They Don’t Want You to
Know
“ROBO-COURT”-A Model for Success
Open Forum Discussion
DATA WEST SYSTEMS
A flexible and forward-looking automated casc man-
agement system is csscntial to position a court for
future growth and integration with outside criminal
justice agencies. This session will focus on the issues
surrounding proper automated case management and
discuss and demonstrate Data West’s Court Informa-
tion Tracking Environment (CITE). Additionally,
CITE’S usc within the integrated case processing
@ system (ICPS) for the province of British Columbia’s
Ministry of Attorney General will be discussed. ICPS,
currently under development by Data West, will be the
first automated criminal justice system of its kind in
Canada that provides integrated case processing for the
Royal Canadian Mounted Police, municipal police,
prosecution, and court services.
Topics of court automation to be discussed and
demonstrated using features of CITE indude civil,
criminal, traffic, probation, domestic relations, and
small claims case management. Integrated hnctionality
such as docketing, indexing, scheduling, calendar
preparation, formatted notice preparation, revenue and
trust accounting, and statistical and management
repomng will also be addressed.
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
Court records management in a high performance
transaction processing dismbuted environment. This
session focuses on the integration of knowledge-based
information, document imaging, workflow, and client-
server technology to manage court records. The
emphasis is on reliable records management that allows
many users to electronically move court documents
throughout their working environment. Effective
utilization of scanned-in case reports, defendant files,
subpoenas, probable cause booking, and complaint
information can be accessed and retrieved from the
many different locations of criminal justice agencies.
Digital’s architecture allows for easily adding new uscrs
to a base system and assures strong control and security
of all system transactions in conjunction with reliable
record input, retrieval and modification. This presenta-
tion is made with reference to existing implementations
in the New York State Court System project.
Digital Equipment Corporation, headquartered in
Maynard, Mass., is the leading worldwide supplier of
networked computer systems, sofiware and services.
Digital pioneered and leads the industry in interactive,
dismbuted and multi-vendor computing. Digital and
its partners deliver the power to use the bcst integrated
solutions-fiom desktop to data center-in open
information environments.
HOK ARCHITECTS,ENGINEERS,
AND PLANNERS
HOK senior justice staff will present concepts devcl-
oped with the National Center for State Courts in The
Courthouse: A Planning and Design Guide for Court
Facilities, integmting modern technology into the
courthouse. The discussion will include case studics
demonstrating the integration of security systems, data
transmission, computers, and the physical plant. It will
also demonstrate how new technologies are used in the
design of new courthouses.
IBM CORPORATION,
PUBLIC SECTOR INDUSTRY MARKETING
Mary Lu Holtcr, IBM’s senior advisor on justice
automation, will prcscnt “A Model for the Court of the
Future.” This session will stimulate an objective review
of existing court systems and provide insight into the
future uses of technology in the courts. The role of
technology in advancing the mission of the courts and
supporting the various phases of court operations, fiom
the filing phase to post-mal phases, will be discussed.
INSLAW,INC.
William A. Hamilton, president of INSLAW, Inc., will
provide cxamplcs of case management as a generic
discipline in both the public and the private sectors;
describe characteristics that distinguish case manage-
ment from other typcs of production management; and
identif) the implications that these characteristics have
for the information technology needed to support casc
management.
One example of the information technology
implied by the case management problem is computcr-
aided software engineering tools to enable customer
organizations to evolve the case management infbrma-
tion technology in concert with changes in workflow,
organizational structure, case processing strategies, and
environmental variables such as laws and court proce-
durcs.
Other examples of the implementations for
information technology are the usc of relational data
basc management systems; the usc of graphical uscr
intehces for end uscrs; the usc of software tools fbr
drawing statistical inkrcnccs from case management
data for justice system managers; and the integration,
under the umbrella of standard relational database
management software products, of the casc manage-
mcnt application and othcr commercial off-the-shelf
sofrwarc products for office automation such as image
processing, word processing, full-text retrieval and
electronic mail. The prcscntation will condude with
highlights of successful usc of casc management
information technology in achieving improvements in
leg1 process debt collcctions, in idcntifjmg impcdi-
mcnts to speedy trial, and in evaluating strategies on
the drug problem.
I O N TRACK INSTRUMENTS, INC.
This presentation will be given by John G. Padcrson,
division manager. Bombs have been and continue to
0
bc a grave concern to security professionals in the
public and private sector. Recent court rclatcd ina-
dents in Georgia and elsewhere bring home the acute
nature of the problem. The threat continues to evolve
from pipe bombs to plastic explosives. The technology
to detect such threats have also evolved.
This presentation introduces a new breakthrough
in explosives detcction technology, a portable plastic
explosive detector for courthouse security. The theory
of operation of the instrument, background on cxplo-
sive detection, operational use data and application
details will be presented.
JEFFERSON AUDIO VIDEO SYSTEMS
The JAVS system was devised by David Green approxi-
mately eight years ago in response to inquiries made by
the administrative office of the courts in the state of
Kentucky. The court had experimented with a manual
vidco/audio system to make the record of the court in
Richmond, Ky., and was intrigued by the offer made by
JAVS to make the system fully automatic, thus making
the system very cost effective. The JAVS partners at
0
the time were experienced in manuficturing audio
mixers and had marketed an innovative unit in con-
junction with JBL Corporation of California. After the
typical delays for engineering and fabrication, a system
was manufactured and installed in Judge Larry
Higgins’s courtroom. After evaluation by the National
Center for State Courts several months later, the
system was pronounced feasible and effective.
Engineering changes and upgrades were initiated
immediately. Ongoing innovations continue to make a
more friendly and error-proof system. Most Current
engineering is making the system more flexible at the
appellate court with simplified computer logging
schemes and mechanized VCR scarch controllers.
Future projects include computer workstations with
random accm being capable of greater than real rime
spccd with look-ahcad capability to eliminate audio
dead times in the playback viewing.
Today the JAVS systems number up to 200 with
systems in 18 states. Various types of courts have
utilized the system, including arraignment courts with
remote location of the defendant, and isolation of a
child victim. Teleconferencing will become a common
0
use of the system in the court as data and video lines
proliferate in the phone systems.
 MANATRON INC.
The Manatron GAVEL exhibitor program session wili
indude a livc dcmonstration of GAVEL from case
initiation through casc disposition. GAVEL is an
automated mal court casc management, recordkceping,
and finanaal system dcvclopcd by Manatron, Inc., of
Kalamam, Mich. Thc softwarc supports administra-
tivc and managemcnt functions for limited and general
jurisdiction mal courts and appcllatc management
functions for gcncral mal courts. Manatron offcrs six
primary products for gcncral casc management, court
financial management, jury management, child support
cnforccmcnt, prosccution, and probation. Products
such as calendaring, word processing, sprcadshccts, and
rcport writers arc also available. The GAVEL software
supports industry standard platforms, c.g., MS-DOS,
UNIX,and BTOS/CTOS.
GAVEL is mcnu drivcn and makes cxtcnsivc usc of
uscr-dcfincd c o d a for dockcting, fcc and cost informa-
tion, attorneys, violations, judgcs, and dispositions.
GAVEL supports all casc typcs. Similarly dcsigncd
scrccns and common fimction kcys are cmploycd
throughout thc system for all divisions, Case managc-
e
mcnt and court-accounting modulcs arc supportcd by
cach division of GAVEL. Modulcs offcr prcformattcd
reports, provide real time-proccssing and inquiry
capability, and support multiplc sccurity Icvcls.
Manatron provides instructions, a program indcx,
and an installation guidc. Training occurs at thc w r ' s
sitc and support is availablc on linc (via modem), on
sitc, and by tclcphonc. GAVEL fcatures rcccnt tcch-
nology advanccmcnts in imaging and bar coding. For
more information, call 1-800-666-5300.
MEAD DATA CENTRAL
Jurisoft, founded in 1984,is a division of Mcad Data
Central, Inc., hcadquartcrcd in Cambridge, Mass.
Dedicated to dcvcloping innovative programs that
strcamlinc the practicc of law, Jurisoft has carncd a
rcputation as the softwarc industry's leading p w c y o r
of advanced solutions for lcgal profcssionals. Jurisoft's
vcrsatilc product linc indudcs:
ChcckCitc-Automatically rcmcvcs information
from Auto-Citc, Shcpard's and LEXSEE on thc
LEXIS scrvicc. Produccs a customized rcport
showing the accuracy and standing of all citcs, and
allows you to rcmcvc, with formatting, the full text
of any cast.
CitcRitc II-chcdcs atcs for propcr Blucbook or
Califbmia atation form-without markers.
Awarded a "certificate of assurance" from the
Harvard Law Review.
CompareRite-the original redliner. Quickly and
effortlessly comparcs two drafts of an opinion and
creates a third comparison draft.
Full Authority-hds all your atcs and builds a
table of authoritiesautomatically. Thcrc's
nothing like it.
This onc-hour demonstration of thc four Jurisoft
programs will show judgcs and law clcrks how to stay
on the cumng edge with high-quality legal document
preparation.
NORTH COMMUNICATIONS AND THE
LONG BEACH MUNICIPAL COURT
In Los Angelcs County, Calif., the Long Beach Mu-
nicipal Court has installcd rnultimcdia, public-acccss
touchscrccn kiosks that give court customers thc
capability to make traffic and parking citation paymcnts
using a crcdit or debit card or by simply writing a
chcck. In addition to paying citations or enrolling in
traffic school, the public may obtain information on
small claims proccdurcs and schcdulc court appcaranccs
whcn ncccssary.
The auto clerk kiosks are connectcd to four
individual computers. An IBM AS/400 mid-rangc
computcr has been installcd inside the courthousc to
provide local support for thc kiosks and to access
various applications which rcsidc on thc IBM 3090
mainhmc computcr located in thc data processing
dcpamncnt of Los Angclcs County. Thc auto dcrk
kiosks takc advantage of BT North America's
TYMNET tcchnology. To process the crcdit card
transactions and Arco Pay Point, thc automated teller
machine (ATM) scttlcmcnt systcm is accessed whcn
debit cards arc uscd.
JimWeaver, thc Long Bcach court administrator,
will prcscnt thc court's strategic plans fbr implcmcnting
auto dcrk and givc an in-depth ovcrvicw of thc system,
as wcll as discuss the court's cxpcctcd benefits. Paul
Kennedy, vicc prcsidcnt of softwarc dcvclopmcnt for
North Communications, will prcscnt thc design
fcaturcs of thc system, discussing both thc sofnKarc and
hardware technologies that havc becn implemcntcd.
OMNI-TECH SYSTEMS, LTD.
Automating the jury management process in small and
mcdium-sized courts: a pcrsonal computcr altcrnativc
to a micro solution. Too oftcn, courts of medium or
small size arc unable to automate their jury manage-
mcnt proccss bccause of cost resmctions or the inflex-
ible nature of the micro/mainframc solutions. Current
pcrsonal computer technology changes this whole
approach to automated jury management systems. A
flcxiblc and affordable automated jury management
system is essential for the propcr administration of the
court’s jury system. This session will focus on the
issucs surrounding automated jury systems and will
discuss and dcmonstratc Omni-Tcch’s DOS- based
automated jury management system.
Topics of jury management rcquircmcnts to bc
discussed and dcmonstratcd indudc thc random
sclcction of jury pancls (togcthcr with the maintcnancc
of qualified juror records), the production and distribu-
tion of individually dcvclopcd forms (including sum-
monses and notices) unique to a c h court, the affixing
of signatures to documcnts, thc automated methods of
thc sclcction of jurors, and the recording of attcn-
dances togcthcr with thc related issuc of thc automated
payment of jurors. Issues of intcgratcd functionality
such as cxcusing and deferment of jurors, systcm
security rcquircmcnts, audit trails, and financial man-
agcmcnt will also bc addrcsscd.
PRECISION CONTRACTING SERVICES, INC.
A schcdulc of our prescntation is as hllows:
T i m Speaker Subjcct
3:45-3:50 Greetings & Salutations
3:50-4:00 Brucc R Boyd PCS Ovcrvicw of ScrViccs
4:OO-4:lO Earl Gossagc Vidco Arraignment
Mockup
4:lO-4:20 Brucc R Boyd Discussion ofVoicc/
Data/Imaging Scrvices
4:20-4:30 Bruce R Boyd Review of EXPCILWS &
Savings of Systems
4:30-4:40 Panel Qucstions & Literature/
Tape Reviews
4:40-4:45 Pact Dismissal & Salutations
SABRE SYSTEMS AND SERVICE
Sabre Systems and Scrvicc, a Dayton, Ohio, local
govcrnrnent solutions provider, will be dcrnonstrating
an intcgratcd justice system complete with document
imaging. Includcd in this dcmonsmtion are such
systcm fcaturcs as: document imaging (scanning,
indexing, retrieval); case managcmcnt (case set up,
indexing, scheduling with conflict resolution, case/
party inquiries); financials (receipt gcncration, auto-
matic distribution, costs, fines, restitution tracking);
0
report generation.
This is an interactive, menu-drivcn information
system that automates the imaging, docketing, track-
ing, scheduling, and rcpomng of cases at all stages in
the judicial process. Case status is automatically
updated h r viewing at the timc of data input, provid-
ing up-to-the-minutc information about all aspects of
the casc. In addition to casc-related information, thc
systcm tracks and rcports judge assignments, appoint-
ments, and personal notes.
STATE SHORTHAND REPORTING SERVICE
State Shorthand Rcpomng Service wants you to step
into thc 21st century of clcctronic recording-VIS/
TA. What is VIS/TA? VISflA stands for Voice
Identification System for Transcript Accurdcy. It is an
IBM-compatiblc PC or laptop-bascd softwarc and
hardware system that intcrfaccs with an electronic tape
recording system.
VIS/TA cfficicntly aids in the making and kccping
track of thc official record. Prcssing a singlc kcy during
recording notes spcakcr identification, tapc counter
0
numbcr and more. Wc will dcmonstratc how VIS/TA
creates this incomparable computcrized VIS/TA log.
VIS/TA’s tape and case info scrcens hold all the
information nccdcd to kccp record-rclatcd data undcr
control. So, comc join SSRS and learn thc best way of
making the official record-through VIS/TA!
STENOCAT
Thc StcnoCAT prescntation will procccd as follows:
I. Wclcomc and progrcss rcpon on StcnoCAT’s
Computer Integrated Rcpomng (CIR) cnviron-
mcnts and courumms.
A. Ratcd cffcctivcncss of CIR installations.
B. Cost savings of CIR systems.
11. Rcal-time rcpomng in supcrior courts. (Officials:
Anita Paul, CSR, Los Angcles Supcrior Court, and
Pat Cunco, CSR, Los Angclcs Supcrior Court.)
A. Bcncfits to judge and attorney of seeing
testimony as it is given.
B. How rcal-time accclcrates thc legal proccss in
court.
0
 C. How rcal-time accelerates the preparation of
transcripts.
-
111. Featurcs of Computer Integrated Repomng (CIR)
(Official: George W. Trammell, 111, Judge, Supe-
rior Court of California for the county of Los
Angclcs, Dcpt. 104.)
A. Judge Trammell has been operating in a
StcnoCAT CIR courtroom for the last ten
months. He will discuss the cffect of CIR on
thc administration of his court.
B. Thc judge will discuss and demonstrate CIR
fcatures such as:
1. real-timc/suoll back.'
2. litigation support.
3. imaging.and
4. vidco supplement.
C. The judge will emphasize thc simplicity of
clcctronic note taking and how to preparc
issuc coded summarics.
STENOGRAPH
Davc Wynnc will demonstrate CascViewTM,
Stenograph's IBM-compatible software, which con-
nects all of the pamapants in the courtroom, including
judgcs, attorncys, juries, and witncsses. A ncwly-
rclcascd cducational vidco will be shown that further
cxplains thc benefits of thc computer-intcgratcd
coumoom to all partidpants and to the hcaring
impaired.
STENOGRAPH LEGAL SERVICES, INC.
Sam Edge, prcsidcnt, will be presenting Stcnograph's
full line of litigation SUPPOK softwarc, which includes
the DiscovcxyVidcoZX system as well as our
DiscoveryBasc litigation docurncnt management
system.
SUPPLY TECH, INC.
The sclection criteria for choosing translation softwarc
will be thc most important part of your ED1 program.
The translator will be the heart of your ED1 systcm so
selection must bc given propcr considcration. The
crcation of a sclcction software checklist is ncccssary
and the following are the focus items that must be
considcrcd .
Ease of Use: Dynamic help windows for first-time
users; on-demand hard copy reporting for audit
control; on-screen generation of data cnny scrccns,
report formats, and flat file interface.
Menu Accessed: Select the area for work by uscrs
simply by the selection options from thc master mcnu.
Table Driven: Changes will occur and you will
need to implement those changcs casily and the table-
driven structure will allow you to accomplish your tasks
easier than hard coded padragcs.
Unattended Modcs: This feature will enable you to
automate your process if you have a personal computer
as a front-cnd processor to your mainframe cnviron-
mcnt.
Document Turnaround: Thcre will bc transactions
(documents) that will require a companion documcnt
to be returned to the sender if you arc the rcccivcr.
Example: purchase order is rcccived, invoice is rc-
turned.
Standardsflcrsions Supported: There is currently
morc than onc standard and many versions of samc.
Your translation sofware nceds thc capability of
supporting all standards and vcrsions.
Flat File Creation: The translator must have thc
ability to create application flat file data streams for
integration capabilities.
SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION (SCT)
As a result of this scssion, participants will have an
understanding of thc lowcr costs involvcd in providing
higher lcvcis of service to the community, management
and cmployccs through thc use of clicnt/scrvcr
technology.
Court administrators are focused on service to their
clicnts, their communitics, their cmployccs and those
who rcly on thc courts. Technology providers arc
focused on service to the end-uscr community with thc
coming of age of clicnt/servcr architecture. Thc two
convcrgc in thc selection of technology stratcgics. SCT
discusses this convergence through an cxploration of
thc practical application of dicnt/scrvcr technology to
casc managcmcnt and adminismtivc systems and thc
resulting client scrvicc to the cntire organization and
community.
WANG LABORATORIES, INC.
You are cordially invited to an information session from
Wang Laboratories. During this hour, we will present
the products and services we offer to improve produc-
tivity for courts including:
Imaging and Voice Integration-We will discuss
some of the imaging installations we have across
the country and the benefits our customers have
gained from implementing imaging. In addition,
our imaging strategy includes integrating imaging
with existing court automation software whether it
resides o n a mainframe, minicomputer, Unix server
or PC/PC LAN.
Open Systems and Networking-Wang Laborato-
ries will continue to provide hardware and software
to our customers and is evolving to become a
systems integrator. We will discuss the variety of
platforms which we market and also the ways in
which we can network and integrate all forms of
information (word, date, voice and images) with
current installed systems regardlcss of the vendor.
Software Business Partners-Representatives from
several of our software business partners will be
here to discuss their solutions including case
management and accounting, document manage-
ment and litigation support-all integrated with
imaging.
Business Process Management-a methodology for
reengineering your court and embedding total
quality management in your day-to-day operations.
Courts and other government agencies are discov-
ering that they cannot simply throw technology or
people at a problem. They must rethink the
processes they are performing and streamline them
in order to see real gains in productivity or im-
proved services. Wang has a proven five-phase
methodology to assist you in analyzing the way
work is done today, modeling for improved
workflow in the future and measuring your succcss.
We look forward to seeing you at our session.
 INSTITUTE FOR COURT MANAGEMENT
of the
NATIONAL CENTER FOR STATE COURTS

COURT EXECUTIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

GUIDELINES FOR RECEIVING CEDP CREDIT

FOR AITENDING THE CTC 111, 1992
I

ICM/NCSC’s Court Executive Development Program is organized into four phases.

During Phase I, participants must satisfy the requirements of four subject matter areas.
One area deals with a Computer Requirement.

The Computer Requirement area can be fulfilled by completing the following conditions.
These conditions are designed to ensure that participants at the CTC 111 acquire the same
benefits which participants at other ICM/NCSC workshops receive. If you are requesting
that the following conditions satisfy the Computer area of the CEDP, then you must meet
all three conditions. If you would like to satisfy the elective fifth area of the CEDP, then
you need only complete the first two of the following three conditions:

1. Attend at least eight sessions, and the plenary session on Saturday morning. Your
0 submission for credit should clearly identify the specific sessions you attended.

2. Prepare a short, 4-5 page typed paper, describing what you learned and how you
plan to use the information to benefit your court. This paper should emphasize the
integration of the information obtained from as many of the sessions as appropriate-
it should not simply restate the proceedings. This paper must be approved by
a designated ICM/NCSC representative. Due to the large number of requests for
credit, you may not be notified about the acceptability of the paper until the end of
June 1992.

3. Either attend one of the ‘hands-on’ computer sessions (which are limited in number),
OR provide other evidence of your hands-on experience with computers. This
requirement is similar to that outlined for other technology courses that can be used
to satisfy the CEDP Computer Requirement. Staple your half of the ticket from your
hands-on session to the attached submission form.

The paper, and the attached submission form must be received at ICM no later than
MONDAY, MAY 18,1992:
Bob Roper, Senior Staff Associate
Institute for Court Management of the
National Center for State Courts
1331 17th. Street, Suite 402
Denver, CO 80202-1554
 INSTITUTE FOR COURT MANAGEMENT
of the
NATIONAL CENTER FOR STATE COURTS

COURT EXECUTIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

SUBMISSION FORM FOR RECEIVING CEDP CREDIT

FOR ATTENDING THE CTC 111, 1992

Please submit this form and your paper to by MONDAY, MAY 18,1992 to:
Bob Roper, Senior Staff Associate
Institute for Court Management of the
National Center for State Courts
1,331 17th. Street, Suite 402
Denver, CO 80202-1554
_----__-_--__--_____-_--____--____________-________--_--- ----
Name:
Position/Tiile:
Organization:
Street Address:
City/State/Zip Code:
Phone Number: ( )- -
Please identify the session #, title, date and time of the CTC 111 sessions you attended.
You must attend at least eight educational program sessions, and the Saturday morning
session on the Courtroom of the Future.

SESSION #./T ITLE: DATE: -

TIME:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
a.
I attended the programs listed above:
(signature)
Third National Court Technology Conference
Court Technology and the Americans
with Disabilities Act

Dear CTC I11 Participant:

T he 43,000,000 Americans who are challenged by a disabil-

ity-and the growing number of elderly-should enjoy
the same access to the court system as anyone else. No
one would argue with this premise; however, discrimination
against people with disabilities persists in many areas of our soci-
ety. New federal legislation requires American business and
government to focus on how they can eliminate this discrimina-
tion. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates the
elimination of discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
Both as employers and providers of public service, courts need
to understand and comply with this legislation.
Many of the CTC I11 sponsors, cosponsors, faculty, and ex-
hibitors have a great interest in the ADA and its implications for
courts. This conference is an ideal opportunity for you to learn
about the requirements of the ADA, the needs of people with
disabilities, and some of the technologies that can allow people
with various disabilities to enjoy fiee and equal access to justice.
The information that follows will answer some of your ques-
tions and concerns about the ADA. Faculty for the educational
sessions have been encouraged to address the relevance of tech-
nology they are discussing to the Americans with Disabilities
Act. Additional information will be provided in the plenary ses-
sions and by exhibitors. Please take advantage of this opportu-
nity to learn as much as you can about the ADA and how tech-
nology can help your court comply with its requirements.

Thomas G. Dibble
CTC 111Conference Coordinator,
National Center for State Courts
 COURT ACCESSIBILITY
THE NEEDS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

As courts focus on complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act,

attention is initially directed to widening doorways, adding elevators and ramps,
lowering elevator buttons, and remodeling restrooms. In addition to ensuring that
structural barriers are eliminated, courts must recognize that the regulation
implementing title II of the act requires that each court service, program, or activity
be operated so that when viewed in its entirety it is readily accessible to and usable
by individuals with disabilities. When choosing among methods available to make
services, programs, and activities accessible, courts should give priority
consideration to methods that enable services to be provided in the most integrated
setting appropriate to the needs of individuals with disabilities. In some instances
accessibility can only be achieved by structural changes, however in most cases
technological and service delivery advances allow courts to pursue alternative
courses that are economical and effective. Thus when considering methods of
making activities such as jury service, adjudication proceedings, or legal education
programs accessible, courts should be aware of the advances that have been made
toward addressing needs of individuals with hearing, sight, and mobility
impairments. Some of these advances are described below.

TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICES FOR THE HEARING-IMPAIRED

1. TDD- a TDD is a keyboard mechanism similar to a tele-typewriter, attached

to a telephone with an acoustical coupler. This device allows two people with
compatible equipment to have a "typed" conversation over the telephone.
TDD's are available in various forms. Some are completely portable, others
have large print displays to assist persons with vision impairments. Many
advanced models generate paper print-outs enabling the user to maintain a
permanent record of the telephone call, while others are available with braille
keyboards to accommodate individuals with sight and hearing impairment.

2. Pay phone TDD-a pay phone TDD is a TDD specifically designed to work
with any public telephone. While designs vary, in general the pay phone
TDD is housed in a tamper resistant metal drawer underneath the pay
telephone. When the TDD is in use the drawer is open for the caller to
converse by typing on the keyboard and reading the display. The TDD works
with almost all types of public telephones and phone booths yet does not
 affect calls placed on the telephone by a person without a hearing
impairment.
0
ASSlSTlVE LISTENING DEVICES FOR THE HEARING IMPAIRED

Assistive listening devices are devices that pick up sounds close to the
source, amplify it, and deliver it to the listener's ear. Since the delivery mechanism
filters out all other sounds except those picked up by the system the listener's
perception of that sound is significantly improved. There a five types of systems
available:

1. Audio loop system-In an audio loop system, a loop of wire is placed around
a seating area and connected to the public address system. Hearing-
impaired persons wearing a hearing aid equipped with a telecoil or portable
loop receiver are seated in the area surrounded by the wire audio loop. An
electrical current flowing through the loop creates a magnetic field that
induces another current in the receiving mechanism. The receiver is
equipped with an amplifier so that the sound level can be controlled by the
hearing-impaired person. No special receivers are needed by people whose
hearing aids are equipped with telecoils. Prepackaged systems can be
quickly and easily installed in small and medium sized spaces and are
relatively inexpensive. More importantly, a prepackaged system does not
0
need a professional installer. A negative feature of the audio loop system is
the requirement that hearing-impairedpersons sit within the area of the loop.

2. Infrared systems-In an infrared system, an infrared emitter is connected to

the public address system and invisible infrared light carries the sound to an
infrared receiver worn by the listener. The receiver contains an amplifier so
the listener can control the sound volume. The system is not subject to
electrical interference and users do not need a hearing aid equipped with a
telecoil. This system has good sound quality and is easy to operate. Users
of the system can sit anywhere that is in a line of sight with the emitter.
Negative considerations are that large amounts of incandescent light or
sunlight in a room produce interference, and receivers must maintain a line of
sight with the emitter.

3. AM systems-Sound entering a public address system are broadcast through

the room by an AM transmitter. Users listen through an earpiece or headset
plugged into a special AM receiver. The system is easy to install and users
have the freedom to choose where they want to sit. AM equipment is less
expensive than the FM and infrared systems; however, AM systems are
vulnerable to considerable interference. AM systems do not perform well in
buildings with substantial amounts of structural steel. 0
2
a 4. FM systems-A signal is transmitted by an FM transmitter plugged into the
public address system to a portable receiver. Receivers resemble a small
pocket radio connected by a cord to an earplug or headphones. A neckloop
can be used by persons with a hearing aid equipped with a telecoil. This
system produces excellent sound quality and users have the freedom to
choose their seating location. The system is not subject to electrical
interference and is simple and inexpensive to install. The system is more
expensive to purchase than the AM system or an audio loop system.

5. Hard wired systems-Each listener location is wired directly to the source of

amplified sound. This requires that a number of jacks with volume controls,
be installed at predetermined locations where the user can plug in an
earpiece or headset. In newly-constructed facilities this system is easily
installed and is not subject to electrical interference. Hearing-impaired
persons must sit in predetermined locations to use the system. Installation in
an existing facility can be expensive and installation of additional locations
may require re-engineering the system to maintain the proper impedance
match.

CLOSED CAPTIONING FOR THE HEARING-IMPAIRED

e Closed-captioning is the process that permits individuals with hearing
impairments to read on a television screen dialogue that they cannot hear. It is
referred to as "closed-captioning" because the audio portion of the program shown
on the television is transferred to an electronically encoded caption that is not visible
to viewers with ordinary television sets. Only television sets equipped with a
special decoding device receive the captions on screen as subtitles. Close-
captioning is used to make announcements, present directions, and for orientation
and training programs.

SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETERS

American Sign Language (ASL) is a visible language linguistically

independent from English. Its components are handshapes and movements that
represent words, concepts, or letters of the English alphabet. Recognizing that
many deaf people use sign language rather than English as their primary mode of
communication, a qualified sign language interpreter is necessary to achieve full
and effective communication with a deaf person in many situations.

3
correct English. An interpreter is much more than a person who merely knows sign
language. Many people fluent in sign language do not have the skills necessary to
provide accurate and instantaneous interpretation. .An interpreter must be able to 0
transmit the meaning of a message, regardless of the sign language or English
dialect being used. And because there are many variations and types of sign
language, not even all professional interpreters can achieve effective
communication for all deaf people who sign.

At times, a specialized kind of interpreter must be used to achieve effective

communication. For example, a person who is both deaf and visually-impaired will
need a specially trained deaf/blind interpreter. Some deaf people require an "oral"
interpreter, who silently mouths the speaker's words. The oral interpreter is usually
a person whom the deaf person finds easy to lipread, and who knows how to
substitute synonyms for words that are difficult to lipread. Sometimes a deaf person
has extremely rudimentary language skills or does not use conventional sign
language. In this situation, another deaf person who can understand the person
may have to be the link between the individual and a regular interpreter.

Qualified interpreters can be located through local and state chapters of the
Registry of interpreters for the Deaf (RID), a national professional organization that
certifies interpreters in various skill speciatties, including legal interpreting.

AUXILIARY AIDS
0
Tape recorded transcription
A method of communicating with a hearing-impaired person who does not
use sign language is through the use of tape recorded transcription. By equipping a
courtroom for "computer-assisted transcripts" the individual with a hearing
impairment can receive instantaneous transcripts of courtroom proceedings on a
monitor.

Signaling systems
Signaling systems are alarm systems that alert persons with hearing
impairments to emergency situations. Signaling systems are activated by an alarm
warning sound and convert this sound into a flashing light to alert a hearing
impaired person to danger and direct the person to safety.

0
4
a
-
THE
JUDICIAL
COMPUTER
DICTIONARY(cj

Edited by
@ Judge David L a Phares
Contributors
Judge Ra Ryan Reinhold
Judge Ted Brousseau
Msa Soni Meckem

Fall 1991 Edition

Distributed by The National Center for State Courts

at the
Third National Court Technology Conference
Dallas, Texas - March 11-15, 1992
 INTRODUCTION TO
THE JUDICIAL COMPUTER DICTIONARY
This dictionary has been a pain in
the backside! It has taken too long to develop,
too much time has gone into its editing, and
finding just the right graphics has been a night-
mare. I am sorry we ever got started with this
thing.
But, we did get involved, and here
it is, for what it's worth. We will leave what it's
worth up to you, the user.
We do know that trying to learn
anything about personal computers without the
assistance of a decent dictionary is nothing less
than difficult. In addition, even if you didn't
want to learn anything about computers, if you
work in a court you probably don 't have any
choice. We all are having to learn something
just to keep our jobs and to keep up with the
paperwork that increases daily.
So, we offer
..
. . to sort of help you along, and
maybe save you a few minutes of frustration here
and thm along the path to computer compe-
tence.
We don't offer this as the last
word in computers (actually, the last word came
out just 2 days after we finished with this edi-
tion) or even the most complete list of terms and
definitions. What it is is a teaching tool to help
you figure out what is being talked about or what
something means in a software manual you have
or what a particular D.O.S. command does. If it
helps you understand just a few more things than
you othewise would have, then we're happy.
This is the k t edition to be
published in double columns and to contain
graphics. The double columns were easy (Page-
Maker did them for me) and most of the graphics
I stole from a l l the publications I have been
hoarding over the years. There is even one from
an early WordStar manual, and another from my
most recent edition of InfoWorld. It is amazing
what you can do with a hand-held scanner these
days. Let the graphics in this educational en-
deavor be a lesson to you: Crime does not pay,
but it may allow you to borrow!
The bottom line is that all this
was done so you could have a little help in
learning about a subject that can be boring.
Computers are pretty much nothing more than
Os and 1's running around inside a tan box, and
that isn't too close to exciting. To help keep you
from falling asleep we threw in a little humor as
it relates to computers, the courts,or my dog
(Yep, he's in here, too). All work and no play
makes not only Jack a dull boy, but also a
seldom used dictionary. So, we added a little
play. If you don't like the play parts, then just
skip'em; you won't miss much.
If you find an error in this edition,
please feel free to contact Judge R. Ryan Rein-
hold in Pinetop/Lakeside, Arizona, as he is the
head of the complaint department. If you like
what you see, then you can call me and say so.
If you like it so much you want to send money,
call collect.
Feel free to copy this and give it
to a friend who is trying to learn about comput-
ers;it was intended to be passed around. The
more it is used, the better we feel about what a
pain it was to produce.
We wish you the best in your
climb up the learning curve. Computers can
make you a better judge or court administrator.
We believe that. We really do. If we didn't ,we
wouldn't have spent all this time to create this
dictionary to help you learn about them. Good
luck.
Judge David L. Phares, editor
Judge R. Ryan Reinhold
Judge Ted Bmusseau
Ms.Soni Mechem
The Judicial Computer Dictionary
* (asterisk) (1) Because most computers and
printers do not have a times sign, languages
often use an asterisk to indicate multiplication.
Thus when you see “A * B,” it means A times B.
(2) In most operating systems that run on pe-
sonal computers, it means “all” in the command
structure. For example, if you want the operat-
ing system to list a directory of all the files with
the extention of .corn, then the command would
be DIR *.corn. Thus, the * is what is known as a
“wildcard. ”’
(slashed ‘%’’orzero) n: To prevent confusion
between the letter “0’ and “Zero” most com-
puters, as well as computer software and lan-
guages, use a slash though the zero.
ABANDON v: To cancel, or terminate, the
work on a document, a spreadsheet, or other
program without saving the data you have
generated to some form of storage media, such
as a floppy or hard disk.
ABORT v: To cancel, or
terminate, an application
program, command, or other
process while it is still in
progress. You can ABORT
a BATCH FILE in DOS
with the command “c
(Control-C). (See BATCH FILE and DOS)
ACCESS v: To gain the use of, such as a main-
frame computer, by means of a modem or a
direct line. One can also be said to ACCESS the
hard disk when you either read from, or write to,
the drive.
ACCESS CODE n: A password or number
used to gain admission to a program or data on a
computer. They are a common form of h n t -
line security to prevent unauthorized access to
important information or applications.
ACCESS TIME n: The time interval between
the instant at which data are called for from a
storage device and the instant delivery is com-
pleted. This is a major factor of consideration in
the purchase of data storage devices such as hard
disk drives, especially in court automation
systems where the court information system
accesses the hard disk frequently. Most often
measured in Milliseconds, shown as “ms.”
ACOUSTIC COUPLER n: One of the earliest
methods to connect a modem to a phone line.
You have the modem make noises into the phone
mouthpi&e. Generally the phone will rest in the
device on a desk. There are some problems with
this type of connection however, as it can pick
up outside noises that can cause interference.
(see modem)
ADAPTER n: A piece of hardware that con-
nects a computer and an external device. Some
examples of ADAPTERS would be a printer
adapter, a display adapter, or an external disk
drive adapter.
ADMINISTRATOR n: A
person responsible for the design,
planning, installation, configura-
tion, control, management, and
maintenance of a computer
network, or computer system.
(Sound familiar, judge?)
ACTIVE PROGRAM n: A
program that is currently running on the com-
puter. Contrast with an “Inactive program”
which may be in memry, but is not actually
processing at the time.
ADDRESS n: (1) Each location in a computer
memory is numbered consecutively. The num-
ber is r e f e d to as the location’s ADDRESS.
This becomes important to programmers, but
seldom does a judge need to deal with memory
address unless there is a conflict between two
programs that want that same memory. (see.
RAM RESIDENT)(2) That location in a crimi-
nal defendant’s file where his actual residence is
1
seldom accurately recorded.
AFI’ERMARKET n: The market for software
and hardware peripherals created by sales of
large numbers of a specific type, or unique
brand, of computer. An example would be
the AFTERMARKET for keyboards for
IBM personal computers for those who do
not like the feel, or key layout, of the
orginal IBM keyboard..
ALIASING n: On a computer graphics
monitor, the jagged or stair step appearance
of diagonal lines in graphics images. Many very
high resolution monitors still have ALIASING;
because the dots that make up the screen are so
much smaller, and closer together, the lines
appear straighter.
ALPHANUMERIC adj: A combination of
alphabetic and numeric symbols such as A B C
or 1 2 3 (letters and numbers).
ALT KEY n: In most DOS personal comput-
ers, a key used in combination with other alpha-
betic keys to generate a specific instruction from
within an application. Many application pro-
grams use ALT KEYS in replacement of menu
generated commands. The ALT stands for Alter,
in that its use alters the meaning of the key used
with it.
ANALOG (1) Adj: Describes an electrical
signal, commonly used by telephone systems,
where the strength or intensity of the signal is
“analogous” to the physical quality of the infor- court budget request. Each of these APPLICA-
mation, hence the name. An example would be
in a voice (telephone) signal, a higher voltage
represents a louder sound. Because any change
in the signal changes the information, ANALG
signals are subject to noise interference. (2) n: A two major types of software for digital comput-
type of computer that measures signals rather
than counts them. ANALOG computers are
widely used in the dining of motor oils, but
rarely, if ever, in courts. (See Digital Computer) database. The other type of software is Opemt-
A N S I (1) n: Pronounced ANSY. An acronym ARCHITECTURE n: The organization of a
for American National Standards Institute. They
are looked to by the computer industry to set
standards for various functions such as the
foxmat structure of storage media, etc. 0
(2) Adj: What judges get when they turn on the
computer and all they
see is a screen full of
error messages they
cannot decipher.
ANSLSYSn: Ona
JUDGE’ DOSorOS/2personal
computer, a set of
instructions in the form of a computer file, that is
loaded into a digital computer at the time of
start-up through a CONFIG.SYS file command.
ANSI.SYS is known as a “Device Driver” in
that it controls a number of functions just as a
hardware “device” would. Many software
programs require that ANSI.SYS be installed in
order for them to run properly. (see
C0NFIG.SY S)
ANTI-STATIC MAT OR PAD n: A mat or
pad that is placed on, or near, a personal com-
puter which will absorb static electricity. The
0
users will touch, or step on, the mat prior to
touching the computer, and thus discharge
themselves. This prevents inadvertent electrical
damage to the computer.
APPLICATION v: The use of a personal
computer to accomplish a specific task, such as
write a legal opinion, computing sentencing
statistics, or creating graphics in support of a
TIONS are addressed by specific APPLICA-
TION SOFTWARE. (See next term)
APPLICATION SOFTWARE n: One of the
ers. APPLICATION SOFTWARE is software
that is intended to perform a job related task for
the user such as word processing, spreadsheet or
ing Systems.
2
 computer’s registers, memory elements, and
0 other components is frequently r e f e d to as its
ARCHITECTURE.
ARCHIVE (1) n: A software application
designed to compress and combine files into
smaller files for storage or transmission via
telecommunications. In a court computer
system, a good ARCHIVE system can save the
court large amounts of disk space, thus reducing
the overall cost of the system. (2) v: To store a
file for later retrieval. Most states have statutes
or rules that require that court files be AR-
CHIVED for a specified number of years. Auto-
mation systems for archiving of court records
greatly reduces the amount of space necessary to
store, and the amount time necessary to relocate,
these records.
ASCENDER n: (1)
of the lower case
letters b, d, f, h, 1
and t which rises
above the height of
theletterx. The
height of the
ASCENDER
varies in different COURT AUTOMATION
styles of fonts.
(See FONT) (2) The person who originates a
communication to a judge, often, but not always,
a court administrator. (See DESCENDER)
A S C I I n: An acronym for American Standard
Code Information Interchange. Pronounced
“Askee.” This is a coding scheme where letters,
numbers and special symbols are represented as
unique 7-bit values, allowing for standard-
ization between data communication devices. It
is used by most micro-computer makers, and
authors of word processors and text editors.
AUTO ANSWER n: A feature of telecommu-
nications that allows the modem to respond to an
incoming call without the user having to execute
any commands from the consol of the computer.
For the judge it means that he can have his
3
communications software running in background
(seeBACKGROUND) and it will answer the
phone without his attention. AUTO ANSWER
is a feature of most all modem modems.
AUTO DIAL n: A feature that enables a com-
puter’s modem to dial a telephone number and
make connection by itself. This is handy when
you have a large number of remote computers
you want to access, or you access one terminal
often. This function requires both the modem
and the communications software to have the
capability to AUTO DIAL.(see modem)
AUTOEXEC.BAT n: A file containing a
number of userdefined commands which is
consulted, and automatically executed at the time
a DOS computer is started. The name stands for
Auto-Execute Batch File.
AUTOMATION v: The replacement of
human skills and actions with automatic
machine, or computer, operations. The
application of technology to what was once
an exclusively human task. The inexpen-
sive personal computer has brought AUTO-
MATION, which was once only available
to the wealthy corporations, to the common
man (or woman) (or child).
AUTO SAVE n: A funtion of some APPLICA-
TION SOFWARE to save data automatically,
at predetermined periods, based on time or
volume of the data, without requiring the user to
actuate the SAVE command. Several word
processors and desktop publishers will save the
document you are working on at the end of each
page, automatically. (See APPLICATION
SOFTWARE)
BACKGROUND n: Certain operating systems,
in combination with hardware and software,
allow the user to perform two or more functions
at once. This is called Multi-Tasking. Gener-
ally, one of the tasks being performed is shown
to be running on the screen of the monitor. The
other task, or program, such as printing or
 telecommunications, takes place without the
activity being displayed on the monitor. Thus,
the non-displayed activity is said to be taking
place in BACKGROUND.
BACKUP (1) n: A copy of a program, or data
file, made as insurance, in case the original gets
lost or damaged. You ALWAYS make BACK-
UPSof important data files, and you ALWAYS
work with the work copies, never the BACKUP
copies. (2) v: To make copies of important files
on a computer. With a hard-disk system, it is not
unusual to BACKUP with a tape cassette, re-
movable hard disk cartridge, or an optical disk
I system. (3) v: Sometimes it is what the judge
thinks is going on in the process of “improving”
the efficiencyof the court with computers.
I
I
BAD SECTOR n: An anxi on a disk (floppy or
I
l
hard) which will not reliably record data. Al-
most all hard disks have a few BAD SECTORS,
which, once detected by the operating system,
are locked out of use, so that the computer does
not attempt to store data at that location on the
disk. Generally, when new BAD SEaORS
start to appear, you have real problems!
! name of all BATCH FILES is .BAT, and in OSD
i BAR CODE (1) n: A system of data entry
I, where a light is used to read a series of variously
sized lines and spaces which represent data to be
entered into a
Codes have been
CS
being accepted
in court information systems. Bar Code systems hard-wire configurations on some personal
excel in rapid, accurate data entry when com-
pared to typing data into fields by a data entry
person. (2) n: A secret sytem for keeping track of is to divide the baud rate (i.e.,2400) by 10 to get
good places to spend happy hour after a hard day
in court.
BASIC n: A very popular programming lan-
guage designed to be used by new programmers.
BASIC is relatively easy to learn, and is a HIGH
LEVEL language most often included with the
microcomputer operating system when you buy
it. The name comes from “Beginner’s All-
purpose Symbolic Code”.
BATCH adj: A term used to describe the proc-
essing of data, or the running of programs, by a
predetermined order and process. A typical
court application of a “BATCH processing”
function would be having the computer print out
all the subpoenas, or notices, at night so they
would be ready to be sent out the next day.
“BATCH Processing” can save hundreds of
hours of court personnel time every month.
BATCH FILE n: A file that runs directly from
the operating system, that contains a number of
commands programmed to run one after the
other without further input by the operator. An
example would be the AUT0EXEC.BAT file in
the PC-DOSand MS-DOSsystem. You can tell
it to do anything you want it to do, and run any
program by typing in the necessary commands in
a BATCH file, and the machine will do it,
automatically. In DOS the extension on the
it is .CMD.
BAUD n: Pmnounced “BAWD.” A term used to
describe the rate of transmission of data, either
internally within a computer or through a mo-
dem: usually bits per second. Thus, a modem
that is transmitting at 1200 baud is sending
approximately 1200 bits of information. The
most common modem BAUD rates are 1200
baud, 2400 baud and 9600 baud; however,
speeds of over 119,OOO baud are attainable in a
computers. So that “normal people” can under-
stand what all this means, a good rule of thumb
how many characters are being
transmitted per second (ie: 240 characters per
second).
0
4
B B S n: An acronym for Bulletin Board System.
Software that allows the operator (known as the
System Operator, or Sysop) to turn his computer
and modem into a public, dial-up, kind of mail
room. Remote computers can dial-up on public
phone lines and log on to the system. Once on
down-load or up-load programs,
--- -
line, they can leave and retrieve messages,
--m
-- - -
- - -
-
or read news items placed there
by either the Sysop or other
Users.
--- -
0 - m
-,
- =--
BELLS & WHISTLES n: The
more advanced, or special features found within
an APPLICATION SOFTWARE program.
Often regarded as being unnecessary, they are
often the very features that result in their accep-
tance by many users. (NOTE:Scoff not at
BELLS & WHISTLES.)
BENCHMARK n: (1) A standard by which
computer performance, or software functionality, numbering system; would equal 15. So, if you
is measured. An example would be, while
somewhat outdated, the speed of the original
IBM-PC was 4.77 MHz, and thus often newer
computers are BENCHMARKED as being 10 or tems!
15 times faster than the IBM-PC. (2) A scrib-
bling found engraved in the wooden seating in
the courthouse lobby which describe some
physio-sexual act the author would like the local found in the Read Only Memory (see ROM) of
judge to perform with a smelly four-legged
animal.
BETA TEST n: The second stage in the pre-
marketing testing process for computer hardware It is sometimes called the ROM-BIOS. BIOS
or software. BETA TESTing generally uses a
selected group of computer users who try the
program in their own homes or offices and report
any problems to the vendor for solving prior to
the product being offered for sale. Some soft-
ware and hardwk never make it past BETA
TESTING.
BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING n: After
printing a line from left to right, many dot matrix one-half cents. Two BITS will not buy you very
and daisy wheel printers save time by printing
the next line in reverse - from right to left. The
computer/printer combination can do this be-
cause it can look at text at more than one line at
a time, as opposed to one word at a time as we
mere mortals do. This can speed up printing
time by as much as 30%.
BIG BLUE n: A slang term applied to Interna-
tional Business Machines,
Corp.(IBM), due to in part to the
,- -,
habit of their male employees
(and some females, too) to wear
dark blue suits, along with the
fact that their copyrighted logo is
blue on white.
BINARY n: The number system that digital
computers use is called binary. It uses only two
digits, 1 and 0. This is because the electronic
circuits used in a computer have only two states:
on and off. An example of a binary number
would be 01111, which, in our usual decimal
were to sentence someone to 15 years in prison
in the binary system, it would be 01111years.
Obviously you do not want to mix up the sys-
BIOS n: Stands for Basic Input-Output System.
It is the set of computer commands, generally
the computer, that controls the input of instruc-
tions and data to the CPU from the Keyboard,
Mouse, Modem, Disk drives, etc., as well as the
output to the monitor, Disk drives, Printer, etc.
participates with DOS to run the Computer
system.
BIT n: (1) This is the smallest unit of infoma-
tion. One bit is enough to tell the difference
between yes and no, up and down, or on and off.
Most computers must represent all information
in opposites because their circuits only have two
states: on and off. (2) Approximately 12 and
much computer equipment.
5
BIT-MAPPED FONT n: A type of alpha-
numeric font using a matrix of dots to make up
each letter and number. The type of letters typed
by older dot-matrix printers show what a BIT-
MAPPED font would look like. They are used
in desktop publishing programs to allow a
variety of styles and sizes of print fonts. They
are not quite as flexible as are SCALABLE
FONTS,but they can be printed by many more
printers.
BOOT v: To start up a computer system. There
are two common types of BOOT. COLD
BOOT, which means the computer started from
when the power is completely off, and WARM
BOOT, which means that you are only clearing
the registers and memory,
and are reloading the oper-
ating system.
BRIDGE n: A hardware
product that links different
Local Area Networks (see
LAN),enabling users on
one network to use all the resources available on
the other. A Court LAN may utilize a BRIDGE
to communicate with either the Jail LAN,the
Prosecutor's LAN, or the Public Defender's
LAN.
BROWNOUT n: A period of lower than
normal electrical voltage. A BROWNOUT can
cause a computer to run erratically, and can
cause a loss of data in some application software.
Databases are, traditionally, subject to BROWN-
OUT interference. The normal cure for
BROWNOUT is an uninteruptable power sup-
ply. (See U.P.S.)
BUFFER n: A form of memory, it is a tempo-
rary storage area for data. It is often used when
data is being transmitted faster than a particular
piece of hardware can handle it. An example
would be a printer. Often a printer will have a
BUFFER to store data to be printed because it
received it faster than it can print it.
BUG n: A programming e m r that causes the
program either to run erratically or crash alto-
gether. Most pmgrams are written with some
BUGS, but they are corrected in the beta testing
0
period prior to release for sale. (See BETA
TEST)
BURN IN n: A power-on test of the computer
to ensure that it runs comtly. Most manufac-
turors will BURN IN a new computer for 24 to
48 hours prior to final testing and shipping. Most
computer components will fail either early or
late in their lives, and the BURN IN gives the
vendor a chance to replace faulty parts prior to
shipping.
BUS n: (1) A conductor, or a
group of conductors, serving as a
common connection for two or
more circuits. Within a computer
the data is transferred from one
part of the machine to another
along a BUS. Generally speaking,
0
all other factors being equal, the
larger the bus the faster the raw computing speed
of the computer. BUSes are measured by the
"
number of data bits they can handle at one time;
i.e. 8,16,32, etc. (2) A broadcast arrangement
in a network w h m all stations receive the same
message through the cable at the same time. (3)
What the frugal judge rides to work.
BYTE n: (1) An amount of storage needed to
save one character of information. Originally
defined as a sub-division of a long computer
word, a byte has come to mean a piece of in-
fom-ation 8 bits long. (see BIT) (2) v: What
McGruff the dog would like every judge to take
out of crime.
C n: A comprehensive programing language
that is commonly used for the writing of court
applications running under DOS,Windows 3.0
and OS/2. It is fast and powerful, and while not
as easy to learn and use as BASIC, there are a
few application generators that will create good 0
C code for the beginning programmer.
6
 CARRIER n: The tone that a modem hears CHIP n: A tiny bit of silicon that forms the heart
when the modem at the other end of the line is of the integrated circuit, or it may also refer to
0 listening, but not transmitting information. Its
disappearance means the conection is broken,
the entire integrated circuit. This is one of those
things inside a computer that most judges need
and must be reestablished prior to continued know very little about, other than they are there.
transmission of data.
CIRCUIT BOARD n: A printed circuit on a
CHAINING v: If a program requires the run- non-conductive material with electronic compo-
ning of an additional, independent program or nents mounted on it and soldered in place. (see
file in the middle of its function, the activating of MOTHER BOARD)
that second program is called chaining. In the
MS-DOS and PC-DOS systems, Batch Files CLEAR v: The process of setting the contents
contain a number of commands that can “chain” of a register, flag or memory at zero. When you
a series of programs or commands to run one CLEAR a microcomputer, it generally means
after another without further input by the user. that you have erased the random access memory
or haveWARM BOOTed the machine. (see
CAPS LOCK KEY n: A toggle key that makes BOOT)
it so that you only type UPPER CASE letters
from the keyboard. CLOCK n: Every personal computer has two
CLOCKS.(1) That part of the computer that
CD-ROM n: A read-only optical storage media keeps track of the date and time of day. This
that uses laser technology and compact disks. DATE(IIME CLOCK is read by the operating
Most CD-ROM disks can store up to 250,000 system and stamps files the time of their creation
e pages of text on one disk.

C.G.A. n: Stands for Color Graphics Adaptor.

so the user can know the date and time of origi-
nation. (2) The CPU CLOCK,which is actually
a crystal, that when subjected to elecrical cur-
It was an early standard for color graphics rent, vibrates a a set rate measured in Mega-
i n d u c e d by IBM for the early IBM-PC. A low Hurtz. For every two ticks of the clock, the CPU
resolution, bit-mapped display that could address will cany out an instruction. Thus, a computer
200 pixels horizontally and 320 pixels vertically. that runs at a CPU speed of 20 M H z has a
They are seldom purchased for contemporary CLOCK crystal with a 40 Mhz speed.
systems, but you may see them for sale as used
equipment, and on low end laptop corn- CLONE n: A functional copy of
puters. cp <- a hardware device or software
program that performs the same
CHARACTER n: (1) Any alphabetic
letter, number, punctuation mark, or
symbol that can be displayed on a moni-
tor or printed on a printer. (2) A mild
description used by judges, or court adminis-
fc 3 ne
tasks as the original. Just one
year after the introduction of the
original IBM-PC, the first
CLONE appeared, which was
[ 0 S designed to be 100%compatable
trators, when describing a computer salesper- with the IBM-PC. Many of the
son who said that an Atari computer would run early CLONE makers have become industry
their multi-judge court infomation system. leaders, and where the term was once viewed
Stronger terms would not be appropriate for with some derision, it now is more accurate to
inclusion in this dictionary. use it generically to mean COMPATIBLE.

7
CLUSTER n: (1) A group of micro-computers show that is held twice a year: in Las Vegas in
in a single locale, connected together for multi- the fall and in Atlanta or Chicago in the spring.
tasking and shared use of each other’s data base.
This differs from non-local “networks” in that
It is an excellent place for judges and administra-
tors to see all the newest technology available. 0
with “networks” the computers are all in differ-
ent locations, and connected by modems and COMMAND n: A user-initiated instruction to
telephone lines. A CLUSTER is a form of Local the computer.
Area Network (LAN). (2) On a floppy disk or a
hard disk, a unit of storage that includes one or COMMAND.COM n: One of 3 vital fdes in
more sectors. (See BAD SECTOR) the MS-DOS/ PC-DOS operating system.
COMMAND.COM contains all of the internal
C. M. 0. S. n: Stands for Complimentary Metal operating system commands. It must be avail-
Oxide Simiconductor. It is a very low voltage able to the computer at all times the Operating
computer chip used System is in control.
a
in both laptops, and
in 80286,80386sx, COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE n:
80386 and 80486 A program that allows one personal
computers to hold computer to communicate with another at
the system configu- a remote site by mans of connection to
ration information. public telephone lines via a modem. They
In desktop PCs they allow for a two way transfer of data and
are powered by a files between the computers. (SeeMO-
battery that continues to ‘I see moss!’ DEM)
power the chip after the
computer is turned off. (2) v: What the judge
does with his computer in humid weather in
COMPRESS v: To reduce the size of a file by
encoding the redundant information in it. Courts
0
Florida. will often find that when a case is terminated it is
time to deactivate that case. We can use a form
COAX or COAXIAL CABLE n: A type of of ARCHNE technology to combine all the
network media. Coaxial Cable contains a copper documents of a file into one archived file and
inner wire surrounded by plastic insulation and compress them down to about one-half their
then a woven copper or foil shield. It is com- original size. Then when we want to edit, or
monly used for connecting cable television. print, one of the documents, we can de-archive
or de-compress it for use.
COBOL n: A programming language designed
specifically for business and data processing COMPUTER n: An electronic device which
work. It would not be uncommon for a court manipulates data according to a series of instruc-
program to be written in COBOL; however, it is tions stored in its memory. The unique thing
very slow to write and edit. In most applications, about a computer is that you can change those
a judge would not be trying to change a program instructions at will; thus, the computer becomes
written in COBOL;rather, he would rely on a most versatile machine ever given to
progpm-erto make changes. judges to help them be better decision makers.

COLD BOOT v: To start up a computer by COMPUTER BASED TRAINING n: A

turning on the system power switch. (see BOOT) method of training that uses a combination of

COMDEX n: A very large computer trade

computer, software, and /or other peripherals
such as modems, mice or v.c.r. to teach cow
0
8
 personnel specific tasks. Also known as CBT, it
is an excellent way to teach personnel how to use
a c o w information system running on a com-
@ puter.
COMPUTER CARD n: A circuit board that,
rather than being built into the computer, can be
added on later to increase the capabilities of the
computer. Typical applications would be to
enable the computer to display high resolution
color graphics, connect a modem, or expand the
internal memory. (see RAM) Some accounting
programs suitable for courts require over the
1MB of memory most computers come with
today; thus, they may need an expansion card.
COMPUTER LANGUAGE n: A computer
program that interprets English type commands
into a string of 1s and Os, which a digital com-
puter can understand. Like any language, a
COMPUTER LANGUAGE is a means of
exchanging ideas and infonnation. Also, like
other langauges, COMPUTER LANGUAGES
have vocabularies, syntax rules and even gram-
@ mar. COMPUTER LANGUAGES are used to
write the logical series of instructions that tell a
computer how to perform a task.
COMPUTER SCIENCE n: The art of solving
problems with computers. Courts have lots of
problems that lend themselves to this type of
problem solving. COMPUTER SCIENCE
includes the design and production of hardware,
software, and operating systems.
CON n: (1) An abbreviation for Console,
meaning the monitor and
keyboard together. It may
also be referred to as a
Display Terminal. The
term CON is often used
along with the command
COPY to create small
batch files in DOS and
e OSD. (2) A term used to
describe the poor dummy
who was caught taking the judge’s personal
9
computer. (See BATCH FILE, D.O.S.and OSD)
CONCURRENT (1) adj: A computer is ca-
pable of CONCURRENT tasking if it can per-
form mox than one job at a time. An example
would be if the computer can print out the day’s
court calendar while accessing N.C.I.C. at the
same time. This requires a “CONCURRENT
operating system.” Also known as MULTI-
TASKING. (2) n: The type of electricity used
in the execution of the poor dummy who not
only took the judge’s personal computer, but also
deleted all the data files on the hard drive.
C0NFIG.SYS n: A file that is m d by the
computer at the time of start-up. This file is
tailored to the particular hardware and software
in order to make the computer function at opti-
mum speed and functionality. If you use a
mouse with your computer, you will need to
install a command in the CONFIG.SYS fde
telling the machine that a mouse is installed,
which port it is attached to, and what the name of
the mouse “driver” file is. The C0NFIG.SYS
file is loaded into the computer as part of the
Disk Operating System. The use of the
C0NFIG.SYS file is one way that a user “Con-
figures” a computer system with software. (See
CONFIGURE)
CONFIGURE v: To set the hardware or soft-
ware up for use. Since there are many types of
programs and many types of computers, often it
is necessary to customize the program to fit the
computer. This goes for printers as well as
computers. In order to use most printers with a
particular computer, it is necessary to “config-
ure” the SOFWARE, that is, to tell the program
what kind of the printer you are using, and thus
what kind of signals to send to that printer.
CONNECTIVITY adj: The ability to connect
two computers together, and make them share
data and function, when they have differing
operating systems and hardware configurations.
An example would be to CONNECT an Apple
computer to an IBM Personal Computer and
have one run the software of the other. Another
application would CONNECT an IBM PC with a
mainframe computer. Communications protocol
becomes very important here.
CONTROL CHARACTER n: A character that prevents it from being copied to another disk.
is not intended to be printed, but which gives the Several software developers (like LOTUS) have
computer instructions as to what to do. A
CONTROL CHARACI’ER is generally created grams to prevent users from making copies and
by holding down the CONTROL KEY while
depressing another alphabetic key. An example a second computer. Most producers of business
would be that in some computers you can clear
part of the computer’s memory by typing a “C.
CONTROL CHARACTERS typically are pre-
ceded by a * mark on the screen.
CONTROL KEY n: In DOS and OS/2 operat- contains scrambled or unrecoverable data. Files
ing system type computers, a key located in the
bottom comers of the key board that when
pressed with another alphabetic key alters the
command sent to the CPU. Similar to the ALT
KEY,it allows for a number of specific com-
mands to be entered with just two keys. (See
ALT KEY)
COPROCESSOR n: A type of processor chip
that is designed especially to handle math com-
putations. They are installed in personal com-
puters which are intended for use with large
spreadsheets, and/or Computer Aided Design
software to speed up the millions of math
computations necessary with those types of
applications. Most personal computers come
with a slot where a COPROCESSOR can be
plugged in.
COPY (1) n: A com-
mand in DOS and OS/2
that results in a duplicate
being made of one or
more files. A fde can be
COPIED from one disk to
another, or to another
directory on the same
disk, or to the same
directory by another file name.
(2) v: What too many people do illegally to
copyrighted programs.
COPY PROTECTION n: The inclusion of
special code into a computer program that 0
included COPY PROTECI’ION in their pro-
then giving them to fiiends, or installing them on
software have given up on it, but it is still popu-
lar with computer games and educational pro-
grams.
CORRUPTED FILE n: A computer file that
can be CORRUF’TEDif the computer loses
power (See BROWNOUT), or if the computer is
turned off without properly closing the data file
you are working on. If a file becomes COR-
RUPTED it can cause the application, or the
operating system, to lock up.
C. P. I. Stands for Characters Per Inch, and
describes the size of characters on a printed
page. Generally only applies to dot matrix and
0
impact letter quality printers, in that most laser
printers now use the printing industry standard of
point sizing. Most dot matrix printers will print
at 10 C.P.I. (Pica), 12 C.P.I. (Elite) and 17 C.P.I.
(Compressed). It is a term that is a hold over
from typewriters, which used a fixed letter size.
CP/M n: The most popular type of 8-bit micro-
computer operating system to run on non-Apple
computers. It stands for “Control Program for
Micro-processors” and is a trademark of Digital
Research, Inc(c). Osborne, Kaypm, Xerox, and
Momw are all examples of CP/M computers.
C. P. S. n: Stands for “Characters Per Second,“
and is most commonly used in describing print-
ing speed of computer printers. A typical dot
matrix printer will run at 120 to 200 C.P.S.,
while an impact “letter-quality**printer would
type in the area of 30 to 65 C.P.S. Some dot
matrix printers will print in excess of 500 to 600
0
10
 C.P.S.
C. P. U. n: Stands for “Central Processing
Unit”, and it can mean either (1) the micro-
@ processor chip that does a majority of the actual
computing (such as the Intel 8088,8086,80286,
80386,80486, NEC v20, v30, ect.), or (2) The
box that contains the micro-processor, the
Random Access Memory, internal storage
devices, bus, power supply, ports, clock, etc.
C. R. T. n: This is the picture tube or video
Screen on most table-top computer terminals. It
stands for Cathode Ray Tube, and the most
popular ones are in green, amber or full color.
Prices range from $75.00 for a monwhrome
green or amber CRT to well over $lo00 for
Super-VGA, XGA or higher resolution color
displays.
CTRL n: Abbreviation for Control Key. (See
CONTROL KEY)
CURSOR n: (1) A
flashing line or block of
light on the screen of a
computer monitor that
indicates the operator’s
location. Muchthesame .
as a pencil point as it is
placed on a new sheet of 1 system. A sort of computer file cabinet, that
paper. It is the location
on the screen where the TYPICAL CURSOR
next text or command will be entered. The
CURSOR is replaced with a pointer in graphic
user interface operating systems such as OS/2
and Windows 3.0. (2) A computer user who is
unable to control his or her anger and vocabu-
lary.
CURSOR CONTROL KEYS n: Four keys,
generally found on the right side of the key-
board, each marked with an arrow in a different
direction, that when pressed causes the CUR-
SOR or pointer to move in that direction.
DAISY WHEEL n: A type of printer element
that resembles a flower, in that each spoke, or
petal, contains a different symbol at its end. This
symbol is then pushed against the ribbon to
strike the paper. In use the wheel spins con-
stantly until the desired character is in position to
be printed. Generally the quality of print is better
than a dot matrix printer, but they are also slower
and you have to change wheels to change print
fonts. DAISY WHEEL printers fall into the
“Contact” type of printer in that they actually
make contact with the printed page.
DATA n: The information that the computer
creates and manipulates is called DATA. DATA
can be anything that can be expressed by pat-
terns or numbers.
DATA COMPRESSION v: The act of com-
pressing a file to a smaller size to reduce the
time of file transfer from one computer to an-
other. This can be done either with “archive”
software, or by means of a Data Compressing
modem. MNP 5 (stands for Micro-Com Net-
working Protocol #5) is the most recent standard
for modem modems in the field of DATA
COMPRESSION. (See ARCHIVE and MO-
DEM)
DATA BASE n: A very common type of
software that is an electronic record keeping
divides information into a single file, which is
com-prised of records,which in turn is com-
prised of data fields and data elements. A CooCL’s
recipe box is a form of DATABASE. Computer
DATABASES allow for fde searching that
greatly speed up the pmcess of finding records,
as well as complex report writting. Most court
management systems are a combination of
database, financial, and word processing applica-
tions.
D. D. E. n. Stands for DYNAMIC DATA
EXCHANGE, and it is a function of the OS12
Presentation Manager operating system and to a
lesser extent Windows 3.0. It provides a “real
time” link between 2 or more applications that
are running at the Same time. For example,
11
when figures are updated in a spreadsheet, they
are automatically updated in a linked word
processor file. D.D.E. is what multi-tasking is
all about. It is similar to establishing a live
relationship between your running applications.
(see APPLICATIONS)
DEFAULT n: Most computer programs allow
you some options in the use of those programs.
If you do not choose one of the options, one is
automatically assigned by DEFAULT. An
example is in WordStar(c), the word processing
program. If you do not set the margins, the
program will use the DEFAULT semng of 0 on
the left margin and 65 on the right margin.
DESK-TOP PUBLISHING v: The use of a PC, computer does. Virtually all computets used in
along with a high end printer, to produce docu-
ments that would normally have been sent to a
print shop for production. These productions
would include both text, in various fonts, as well
as high quality graphics. DESK TOP PUPLISH-
ING will generally require the use of at least an
EGA quality monitor, a mouse, some form of an
image scanner, and a laser printer for highest
quality results. (2) The type of APPLICATION
SOFTWARE used to perfom the functions
described in (1) above. This version of the
Judicial Computer Dictionary was created on a
DESK-TOP PUBLISHER, which allowed for
the addition of graphics to the text.
DEVICE n: Any hardware component either
inside the computer, or attached to it, which can
either send or receive data.
DEVICE DRIVER n: A computer program
that allows the operating system to extend its
functionality by enabling it to
work with specific pieces of
hardware. An example of a
DEVICE DRIVER would be
MOUSE.SYS. If this file is is
loaded into memory at BOOT
by means of the CONFIG.
SYS file, then the operating
system can accept input from
a mouse connected to the computer.(See
CONFIG. SYS)
DIGITAL Adj: Describes a type of electrical
0
signal, and the related technology, in which
information is coded as a series of pulses or
transitions. The pattern of the pulses, rather than
the intensity, as in ANALOG signals, detemines
the meaning of the signal, and can be easily
manipulated using rules of Boolean logic. (see
State v. Boolean, 1968)
DIGITAL COMPUTER n: A machine for
doing work that works on the process of count-
ing, rather than measuring, as an ANALOG
court environments are DIGITAL COMPUT-
ERS. At the hardware level they only under-
stand two commands: Off and On, which control
the gates of their architecture. (See Architecture)
DIRECT CONNECT MODEM n: A modem
that is connected directly to the phone line
without the use of an actual telephone, and an
ACOUSTIC COUPLER. The computer serial I/
0
0 port (COMM Port) is connected to the mo-
dem, and the modem to the wall jack of the
phone line. Some computers come with the
DIRECT CONNECT MODEM built into the
computer in the form of an EXPANSION
CARD. (see YO,MODEM, or SERIAL)
DIRECTORY n: (1) A list of files on a stor-
age media such as a disk. (2) A command in
DOS that creates a list of the files on that disk
drive and displays it on the monitor; Seen as DIR
in the command xference. (3) A portion or
section created on a floppy or hard disk
to store specific files. It would not be
unusual for a hard disk to have a
WORDS or WP directory to keep the
word processing program and document
files separate from the nst of the files
on the disk. DIRECTORIES are a way
we divide up a hard disk in order to keep
it organized.
0
12
 tion must be read from, or written to, the disks.
DISK n: A computer disk is a thin metallic or Most personal Computers label the DISK
plastic disk covered with magnetic material DRIVES as “Drive A”, “Drive B”, “Drive c”,
capable of storing large amounts of information. etc.
A typical “floppy disk” about the size of 45 rpm DISK PACK n: A removable hard disk unit
record ( 5-1/4” inch) could hold as much as 250 where a special disk drive is installed in the
to 500 sheets of paper data equivalent. The disk computer, and the hard disk itself is mnovable
spins rapidly, and heads similar to those in a tape for storage and security. DISK PACKSare an
recorder read and write information onto and excellent choice for small courts to secure their
from the DISK in concentric tracks (like a data at night in a safe; however, they do tend to
spiral). be expensive compared to a fixed DISK DRIVE.

DISK CACHE (1) n: A portion of memory that
stores data that is frequentlyaccessed from the
hard disk drive. The C.P.U. can find it quicker,
thus speeding up the processing time. Most
recent DISK CACHESare comprised of
S.R.A.M., a controller chip, and software work-
ing together. DISK CACHEs are a must in most
newer 80386sx, 80386dx and 80486 based
computers where the C.P.U. speed is faster than
the slow D.R.A.M. memory chips (2) n: He that
receives the Frisbie(c). (seeC.P.U. and
S.R.A.M.)
DISK CONTROLLER n: A computer system newer laptops are so small they are limited in
component commonly found on a separate
circuit board, but some times included on the
main “mother board” in newer systems, which
controls the disk drive functions, including
positioning of the read/write head. (2) n: He who weight and small size suitable for use outside the
throws the Frisbie(c).
D.M.A. n: Stands for Direct Memory Access. It
is a micro-processor computer chip that controls
memory-to-memory and disk-to-memory data
transfer without supervison of the C.P.U. chip.
The inclusion of the D.M.A. chip speeds up the
processing of data in the computer. (see CPU)
DOCKING STATION n: A device generally
containing expansion slots, hard disk drives, a
tape backup unit and/or additional ports, into
which a portable/laptop type personal computer
would be plugged, to expand the portable com-
puter’s functionality. Because many of the
their ability to accept adaptor cards and/or hard
disk drives, DOCKING STATIONS are a way
that manufacturers provide desktop power to a
small computer, and still meet the needs of light
office.

DISKCOPY n: A function in DOS and OS/2 DOCUMENTATION n: When a computer

where it is possible to copy the entire contents of program is designed for use, it needs written
one disk to another, on a track for track basis. If instructions for the computer user to follow to
you are going to copy a disk that has DJRECTO- make the program run on the computer. These
RES, the DISKCOPY is the written instructions, in a book form,
quickest way to perform the are called the DOCUMENTATION.
task. (See DIRECTORY) The most recent “user friendly”
programs require little or no previous
DISK DRIVE n: In a micro- computer experience, and have good
computer, the disk drive DoCUMENTATION that is easy to
houses the disks, keeps them
F L 0 p p y D R Iv E read and understand. Some less
0 spinning at the correct
speeds,and moves the read/
write heads into proper position when informa-
expensive programs have the DOCU-
MENTATION in a text file on the
disk. This kind of a file is commonly called a

13
DOC file, and can be identified by the extension 8Ons to a very slow 200 ns. D.R.A.M. must be
of .DOCafter the name of the file, refieshed with electricity after every time the
i.e.,GALAXY. DOC. C.P.U. accesses it, n
thus limiting computer
D. 0. S. n: Stands for Disk Operating System, speed, and it erases all
and is the program that takes care of the details data at the time of
of manipulating information on a disk and in shut down.
memory in most personal computers. A good DRIVER n: (See
DOS program will allow you to copy files, erase DEVICE DRIVER)
files, give a directory upon request, print files,
and perform many other functions. The most DUMB TERMINAL
popular DOS’s for judicial applications on (1) n: A device that
personal computers are MS-DOS, IBM PC- looks like a computer,
DOS, O W ,VMS, and UNIX. but actually will only
display information it is sent by another com-
DOT MATRIX n: A type of display of infoma- puter, and it does not pretend to do anything else.
tion that is comprised of many small dots that are It does not contain a micro-processor to manipu-
either on or off. DOT MATRIX characters are late information. Generally a DUMB TERMI-
easy to alter and modify, but unless there are NAL is comprised of only a keyboard, monitor
many dots in the matrix, they lack definition. and whatever is needed to connect it With the
host computer. (2) Adj: To be so stupid you are
DOT MATRIX PRINTER n: A printer that going to die from it.
works by driving needles against a ribbon, and
thus the ribbon against the paper. The resulting ECHO v: (1) When data or commands are being
images are formed of dots. Generally not as transmitted, the receiving device re-transmits or
handsome as standard type,but they are cheaper, “echoes-back” the information so that the origi-
0
faster and more flexible. nating device can be sure it was received cor-
rectly. (2) The act of a computer to report to the
DOT PITCH n: The size of the smallest dot monitor or C.RT. what is taking place in the
that can be displyed on a monitor. This meas- C.P.U. Example: When you type the letter R
urement determines the highest resolution the from the keyboard, the C.P.U. will ECHO that
monitor can display. input to the C.R.T. so the user will be able to
c ofi m the key stroke was received by the
DOWN LOAD v: To transfer data, or a pro- C.P.U. (see C.P.U. and C.R.T.)
gram, from a centrally located computer to
smaller remote computer. E.G.A. n: Stands for Enhanced Graphics
Adapter, and is an add-on board fmt devised by
D. P.L adj: Describes the resolution (DotsPer IBM to allow for higher resolution from Color
Inch) of a printed page. For example, the Hewl- Monitors which support that standard. Generally
ett-Packard Laserjet II(c) laser printer prints at a speaking, early Color Monitors did not offer the
standard 300 DPI. There are some very expen- same high resolution as monographic monitors
sive printers that will print up to 2000 DPI. did, and the E.G.A. standard solved that prob-
lem. The E.G.A. Adaptor does require a higher
D.R.A.M. n: Pronounced “Dee-ram.”Stands resolution monitor, however. Since its fmt
for Dynamic Random Access Memory. It is the appearance on the market, most other companies
chip most commonly used as main memory in
personal computers. Access speeds range from
have added an EGA to their product line. The
E.G.A. monitor will display up to 64 colors at a
0
time at a resolution of 640 pixels across and 350

14
 pixels down the screen. (see PIXEL)
ELECTRONIC MAIL n: On most computer
networks, users have the option to
send messages to one another. This
message may be left in a file for the
recipient to DOWN LOAD to his own
computer at any time he wishes, or it
may be sent directly to his address on
the network. The user can call up the
network and ask if there is any mail
for him, DOWN LOAD the mail, and
print a hard copy, if he wishes.
E.M.S. n: Stands for Enhanced Memory Speci-
fication, and is a set of microcomputer standard
configurations that allow the D.O.S.to address
(or look at at one time) over 640 Kilo-Bytes of
memory at one time. This allows the micro-
computer to use programs which typically use
large amounts of memory like databases and
spreadsheets (see Memory Hog) and still have
room for the data.
E.S.D. n: Stands for ElectoStatic Discharge.
That little spark that jumps from your finger to a
grounded source when you
walk across wool carpet in
leather soled shoes on a dry
day. E.S.D.is one of the major
causes of memory chip and
expansion board failure. It
does not take a bolt of lightning
to ruin a PC. You can protect
your PC by safely gounding
yourself before you touch your
computer. Zap your clerk instead of your com-
puter! You may end up on the short end of a law
suit, but your data will be safer. (see ETI-
QUETTE)
ESCAPE KEY n: This key is found on many
computer key-boards. When pressed, it rede-
fines all other keys, giving them new meanings.
ESCAPE KEYSare generally used for command
purposes,
- - and are considered “function” or

0 EMULATION n: The flexibility of personal

“utility” keys.

computers is shown in the fact that they can be
programmed to act like a different computer all
together. A small, portable computer with the
right software can be made to appear like a giant,
main-frame computer. This act of imitation is
called EMULATION, and it greatly enhances the
communication capabilities of computers.
ETIQUETTE n: A set of common sense rules
for the use of a personal computer. Several
examples would be: (1) Never pour PepsiCola
on your keyboard, (2) Do not use “whiteout” on
your monitor to delete a misspelled word in your
word processor, and (3) Never smoke around a
computer, even if it is just tobacco!

ENDLESS LOOP n: See Loop, Endless EXECUTE v: (1) To perfom or carry out a
command or function required for the perform-
ERGONOMIC adj: The design of objects that ance of a program. When you EXECUTE,you
relates to the relative comfort of the human follow the instructions. (2) What the judge
being using them. In modern computer technol- would like to do to the guy who sold him an
ogy, great care is being taken to design machines Atari to run his multi-judge, general jurisdiction
and furniture that will not tire, or create stress, or court.
injury, for the user.
EXPORT v: The ability of certain software
ESC KEY n: A key, generally located in the programs to save the files they create in other
top left comer of the keyboard-but not always, than their standard format. For example, Lotus
which can be addressed directly by an applica- 1-2-3 version 1A saves its worksheet files in
tion program. It is usually used to cancel a user what are called WKS format, but it can also
command, or exit the program entirely. EXPORT the data from a worksheet in an ASCII

15
format for use by a word processor. Most good
word processor programs can EXPORT their
documents as ASCII files. (see ASCII)
EXTENSION n: The three letter suffut to the
name of a DOS file that sometimes describes its
contents. For example, the EXTENSION .BAT
tells the user this is a batch file while .EXE
would tell the user this is an executable file.
EXTERNAL STORAGE n: Data storage that is
outside the main memory of the computer, such FILE n: -A computer program is comprised of
as disk drives, tape drives or optical disk storage fdes that contain either instructions or data the
systems. They are not necessarily physically
external of the computer, but outside the R.A.M.
or R.O.M. memory of the machine. Most com-
mon types would be floppy disks, streaming tape
cassettes, and now more recently Optical Disks.
FAX MODEM n: A type of modem that not
only transmits data like any other modem, but
will also support Group III fax standards. AlI
FAX MODEMSwill send a fax document from a
number of common word processors, but only a
few will also receive them. (See MODEM)
F.C.C. CERTIFICATION adj: Two classes of
FCC (Federal Communications Com-
mission) approval may be given to
personal computers: Class A and Class
B. These classes concern levels of
radio-frequency interference. With a
Class A approval, a computer may be
operated in a business locale only. The
tougher Class B rating allows home use
as well, where computers are likely to
be placed near radios and television
sets. For what it is worth, the only
enforcement of these standards is that a
hardware producer cannot market
personal computer equipment in the
United States that has not met at least the Class
A standard.
FLASH TECHNOLOGY n: (1) The use of
solid state, erasable, non-volatile memory in
place of a hard disk drive or Read Only Memory. are used in some lap-top personal computers.
This can allow for very fast data access, as well
as on-site ROM upgrade from a floppy disk as
opposed to removal of old ROM chips and
replacing with new chips. This is a relatively
new technology, and it adds si&icantly to
processing speed as well as functionality of the
computer system and up-gradability. (see ROM
and HARD DISK) (2) The scientific study of
how to reveal oneself in public. This is not
recommended for most judges or administrators.
program needs to run. You can list these files
with the DOS system command DIRECTORY
or DIR. In the newer OS/2 operating system, the
File System menu option will display the FILES
for you.
FILE LOCKING v: A function of a database
or word processor which prevents more than one
user from accessing a fde at a time. A must for
any court information system.
FLATBED SCANNER n: An optical graphics
digitizer that can transform a full 8 1/2" by 11"
0
page graphic into a digitized computer file.
They tend to look like copy
machines, and will processes a
number of pages of printed
material automatically without
user input.
FLOPPY DISK n: The floppy
disk was designed to give
microcomputers an inexpensive
and handy method of storing
data and programs. Originally
about the size of a 45 rpm
record, and flexibile to some
extent, they are easier to use and
store than the 8" version. "Floppies" can be
recorded on one or both sides, and depending on
the formatting and quality of the disk, can store
fmm 9OK to 2.8 Megabytes per disk. The most
recent FLOPPY DISKS are only 2" square and
0
16
 (see MICRO-FLOPPY)
FONT n: A family, or an assortment, of charac-
I) ters or alpha-numeric symbols
of given size and style. Fonts
are a vital part of any word
processing or desk-top publish-
ing package used in courts.
This version of the Judicial
Computer Dictionary was
printed in Times New Roman
FONT, some in bold. As you
to read. Phoenix, Arizona
FONT FAMILY n: A set of fonts in several
sizes and weights with the same typeface. For
example, HELVETICA 14 Point,
HELVETIC BOLD 12 Point, H E L V ~ C A
BOLD UAL~Cio point, and H ELV ET IC A
N A R R O W 1 4 Point. TheFONTFAM-
ILY name is Helvetica
0 FORMAT n: A process in DOS and OS/2
whereby new or used disks are prepared for use
by creating a magnetically encoded pattern
consisting of sectors and tracks on the disk.
Most new, out-of-the box disks cannot be written the pointer at the time. A G.U.I. makes learning
to without first being FORMATTED.
FORTRAN n: This may be the most widely
known of all the computer languages. It was
designed for scientific calculations and technical
functions. FORTRAN is seldom, if ever, used in GRAPHICS n: The computer production of
court administration applications. Most judges
will never use it. The name is abbreviated from
Formula Translator.
FUNCTION KEYS n: These keys on the
computer keyboard are programmed to initiate
special operations that would ordinarily require
several keys to perform. Often FLTNCllON
KEYS can be programmed by the user to mean
whatever the user wants them to mean, again
demonstrating the univeral applicability of the
computer. FUNCTION KEYS are generally set computer users in this country are self taught
17
apart from the rest of the alpha-numeric keys,
and are labled as F1, F2, F3, etc.
GIGABYTE n: (1) Approximately
one billion BYTES. That, my
friend, is a lot of information. Also
thought of as loo0 MegaBytes.
Can be displayed in short by “GB,”
preceded by the number of billions
of bytes. Generally used in refer-
ence to size of memory or storage
capabilities of a computer. (2) A
small red mark left on your neck
after having made-out with a pas-
sionate Giga! (see BYTE)
GIGO adj: Stands for “Garbage In, Garbage
Out.” In court computer applications, it means
you will never receive meaningful reports from a
program that is fed bad data.
G. U. L n: Stands for Graphic User Interface,
and is pronounced “Gooie.” It is a personal
computer user interface that utilizes a mouse or
other input device, other than a keyboard, which
allows the moving of a “pointer” around the
screen, and then the pressing of a button on the
mouse to cany out the command that is under
the computer much easier and faster for begin-
ners. The MacIntosh, Windows 3.0, and OS/2
Presentation Manager are all examples of
Graphic User Interfaces.
pictures, charts, diagrams, etc. These can be of
value to the judge in giving visual emphasis to
raw data that would not o t h b s e be achieved
by just scanning numbers.
HACKER n: Someone who is learning about
computers by the trial (no relation) and m r
method. Judges need not use the HACKER
approach, as there are better ways of learning
court and more spedically, judicial computer
applications. However, a vast majority of
 HACKERS. It is not necessarily a negative whose file attribute is set so that it cannot be
term. seen in a DIR command. If it is an executable
file, it can still be run, but HIDDEN FILES
HARD COPY n: Information printed out by a cannot be copied, deleted, or displayed in a
computer onto paper that the users can take with directory. A user may want to hide some the
them away from the computer and examine at more important text files so that others may not
their leisure. If you access NCIC by microcom- have access to them. The HIDDEN FILE at-
puter, and they send you data to your CRT, you tribute can accomplish that.
I
can DUMP this data to a printer and make a HIGH MEMORY n: That amount of R.A.M.
“hard copy” to keep in a court file. (See DUMP) that is above the 64OK used actively by DOS,
and below the 1024K installed in most modem
HARD DISK n: A means of data storage; a personal computers. Often refemed to as
coated metal platter that uses magnetic material “HiMem,”or “H.M.A.”it can be addressed for
on its surface to house data and programs. It use with several utilities that allow loading such
spins at 3,000+ rpm and, unlike floppy disk items as mouse drivers, etc., in that area, thus
drives, the redwrite heads do not actually touch freeing the lower 640K of R.A.M. for use by
the disk, but rather ride on a cushion of air. applications. D.O.S. version 5.0 loads some of
HARD DISKScan store an enormous amount of its basic functions into HIGH MEMORY. (See
data. A common version will store 80,000K,or R.A.M. and D.O.S.)
80,000,000bytes of information. Shown as
80ME3, this is approximately 9 fourdrawer file HOST n: The primary or controlling computer
cabinets of paper pages. in a multiple computer operation in which there
are other less powerful computers or DUMB
HARDWARE n: Hardware refers to the physi- TERMINALS,which rely on the HOST to
cal equipment in computer science, as opposed perform many of their functions, and often to
to SOFTWARE which refers to the program and maintain their database. Sometimes called a
0
data used by the machines. HARDWARE SERVER. (see DUMB TERMINAL)
includes not only the computer but also printers,
modems, graph plotters, external disk drives, etc. IBMBIO.COM n: One of the 3 D.O.S.operat-
ing system files that runs most personal comput-
HEXIDECIMAL n: A numbering system that ers. It is a HIDDEN FILE. That is; it is not
uses 16 as its base as opposed to the 10 used in shown when the operator lists the files in a
the decimal system. It is used as an interface directory. This file controls the Input/Output
between mortal humans functions of the computer and the peripherals
(like judges) and the attached to it. (see DOS)
binary system. It is an
easier way to demon- IBMDOS.COM n: The other hidden operating
strate and enter binary sytem file in DOS that, along with IBMBIO.
numbers into a com- COM and COMMAND.COM, run most personal
puter. Example: computers. This file contains the heart of the
1011 0 0 1 0 1 m 1 1 1 in operating system and communicates to the
U
binary equals B287 in various parts of the computer through IBMBIO.
hexidecimal. With any HIODEfl F I L E COM. (seeDOS)
kind of luck at all, you may never need to learn
any more about hexidecimal numbering. IBM COMPATIBLE adj: A term applied to .

HIDDEN FILE n: A file in DOS or OSD

describe a personal computer, or other peripheral
devices, or software,which will read disks,
0
18
 accept adaptor cards, accommodate YO devices, connected transistors. Because they are small,
and support programs written intended for use on use very little electricity, create very little heat,
1) IBM(c) brand personal computers. and can be made very inexpensively, they have
greatly increased the capabilities and affordabil-
ICON n: In a Graphical User Interface, a ity of microcomputers, and at the same time
symbol, or small picture that represents a pro- reduced their size.
gram or function. When the Pointer is placed
over the ICON and then a mouse button is
pressed, the function is executed, or the program INTERFACE (1) n: A device that translates one
is run. (See G.U.I.) computer’s “language” into what another can
understand and use. An INTERFACE is neces-
IMPORT v: The function of some software sary when you use a microcomputer other than
programs to use the files created by other pro- an IBM 3270 terminal to ‘‘talk”directly to an
grams. For example, you may have a graphics IBM 3270 computer. An INTERFACE can be
fde created by PC-Paintbrush(c)(PCX file either a piece of hardware that perfoms the
format). You can IMPORT that file into Page- interpretation or software that EMULATES the
Maker desk-top publishing program, and use that host computer. (see EMULATE) (2) v: The act
image in a document you are creating. Another of communicating between two computer com-
example would be that Q & A Write(c) will ponents via an VO port. For example, it might
allow you IMPORT documents written in be said that you connected your printer to the
Wordstar(c). printer UO INTERFACE on the back of the
computer. (seeVO)(3) The system of command
INPUT n: This is the information and instruc- entry used by a particular software program. For
example, some programs use what are called
@ tions from outside the computer that must be
entered into the memory to accomplish any task. “Pull Down Menus” for the entry of commands;
This “Input” can be accomplished by means of a thus, the INTERFACE between the user and the
keyboard, bar code reader, data disks, paper tape program is a Pull Down Menu system. (see
readers,a mouse, a modem, or outside “hard MEW
wire” data lines. In some advanced systems,
INPUT can be done by touching the YO n: Short for Input/Output. VO
Screen of the monitor. generally refers to the transfer of
data, into or out of, the computer. VO
INPUT DEVICE n: A piece of is accomplished via UO devices such
computer hardwm that serves as a as a keyboard, a monitor or a printer.
method of entering data into the Each of these VO devices requires a
computer from an outside source. plug that is referred to as an UO
Examples of INPUTDEVICES are a PORT. Most printers will connect to
keyboard, a mouse, a scanner, a the PARALLEL port, while a @em
modem, a barcode reader, and a will connect to the SERIAL port.
touch-screen display. Most INPUTDEVICES
communicate with the computer through an VO JUDGE n: The decision maker in the justice
port or COMPUTER CARD. (see YO) system who must rely on accurate information.
A prime potential user of computers to manage,
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC) n: A M y chip manipulate and recall data, especially in the
of silicon about the size of a little finger nail that, application of document creation and mainte-
by means of acid etchings and diffusions, con- nance.
tains the equivalent of several thousand inter-

19
JUSTIFICATION n: (1) Describes a function
on a word processor that creates straight line
margins on both the right and the left side of the
written page. This makes for very fonnal appear-
ing court documents. This paragraph has been
JUSTIFIED. (2) Whatjudges look fortoput
down on their request for new computer equip-
ment for their courts.
K (KILO-) adj: A prefix that generally means
1O00. 1K BAUD would thus be expected to be
loo0 bytes per second of transmission. Well,
not really. l k = l O This is the rule; now for the casting a shadow on the display screen creating
exception. When you apply the term “K” to size symbols. They are a light weight, low cost
of a computer file, program or memory, due to
the use of the binary numbering system, then
“1K” equals 1024 bytes. (It’s like the Hearsay
Rule; it has exceptions!)
KEYBOARD n: Most computers, and other
types of terminals, have keyboards. They are
generally designed after a typewriter keyboard,
although some keys may have special functions They are usually red, green, yellow or amber.
not found on typewriters. They are the most
common of INPUT DEVICESfor personal
computers.
L.A.N. n: Initials for Local Area Network.
Refers to a number of PCs that
are connected together to share
a common database or other
software and peripherals.
What makes a L.A.N. different
from other networks is that the
node computers are generally
located within one building,
thus the use of the term “Lo-
cal.” L.A.N.s are increasingly
a very common setup for small
to medium court applications.
LAP TOP n: A personal computer that is so
portable it can be set on your lap and operated.
The LAP TOP PC often is battery p o w e d and
has at least one floppy drive and a form of flat
monitor. The most recent editions of LAP TOP
PCs have hard disk drives and an enhanced
Screen that makes them very easy to read, even
in the courtroom. Most LAP-TOP PCs will run
standard desk top software. An ideal tool for the
judge, the LAP TOP will go anywhere the judge
goes.
0
L. C. D. n: Stands for Liquid Crystal Display.
They are most commonly gray, blue or white,
but recently have been made available in color.
A flat, light weight display of computer informa-
tion output that utilizes the alteration of align-
ment of liquid crystals to reflect light, thus
alternative to a C.R.T. Most digital watches use
L.C.D.s to display the time. (see C.R.T.)
L. E. D. n: Short for Light Emitting Diode. It is
a popular semi-conductor used as an indicator
light. They are cheap to make, last a very long
time and use very little power. Most disk drives
have an L.E.D. to indicate when they are in use.
LINE FEED n: A control character that will
cause the terminal, C.R.T. or printer to advance
0
one line. Without LINE FEEDS,the printer
would print an entire document on one line.
This would make it very difficult
to read.
LIGHTPEN n: AnINPUT
DEVICE that uses a light sensitive
stylus to enable the user to draw
on the screen or a graphics tablet,
or select items from an on-screen
menu. Some applications use a
LIGHT PEN instead of a mouse
for the selection of options avail-
able to the user. (See INPUT DEVICE)
LOAD v: The process of transferring data or
program fdes from a storage media such as a
disk to Random Access Memory for use. (See
R. A. M. and DISK)
LOCKING n: A method of protecting shared
0
20
 data. Whenever an application program opens a
file, file LOCKING prevents simultaneous
access by a second program, or limits such
@ access to READ ONLY. File LOCKING is vital
to data that is shared on a Network. (SeeFILE
LOCKING and NETWORK)
LOGIC n: Refers to any of a number of differ-
ent sets of chips, which contain their own in-
structions, in a personal computer required to
control memory access and/or bus/C.P.U.
compatability. Internal Logic enables many of
the hardware parts to understand input from each
other. (see BUS, CPU)
LOG ON v: The process of establishing a
connection with, or gaining access to, a com-
puter system or peripheral device. When you dial
up a B.B.S. you will LOG ON to that system if
connection is completed successfully. (See
B.B.S.)
LOOP, ENDLESS n: See Endless Loop
L.P.D. n: Stands for Liquid Plasma Display. A
flat screen that differs from the L.C.D. in that it
does not require reflected light, but rather it
generates its own light, and is not dependent on
angle of reflection. They axe also often called
“Gas Light’’ screens. L.P.D.s tend to be brighter
and have a higher resolution than L.C.D.s, and
they also display color emulations better. On the
downside, they tend to require more electricity
than do L.C.D. smens and thus drain laptop
batteries faster. (see L.C.D.)
LPT n: A label used in DOS and OS/2 to
designate an VO port to which a printer is
generally attached, a parallel port. They are
numbered to distinguish them one from another.
If you have two parallel ports, they would be
LIT1 and LFT2. (See VO)
MAINFRAME n: A large (by power stan-
a dards) computer made to serve a large organiza-
tion. A MAINFRAMEcomputer can support
hundreds of users at a time and often has several
21
disk drives storing the data for the system. A
large multi-division court would be an appropri-
ate site for a MAINFRAME computer..
MASTER n: When you purchase a computer
program, the original copy of the software you
get from the manufacturer is called the MAS-
TER. You should immediately make a copy and
set the MASTER aside for safe keeping.
MATH COPROCESSOR n: (See
COPROCESSOR)
MATRIX n: A matrix is a two dimensional
display, or a table of numbers or dots. In the
computer domain, a matrix can be anything
displayed in a grid.
MEDIA n: (1) Any surface upon which a
computer data storage device writes to or reads
from. An example would be a hard disk. (2)
The cabling or wiring used to carry network
signals. Typical examples are COAX, fiber-
optic, and twisted-@ wire.
MEGA- adj: A prefm meaning one million. One
MEGA-byte equals one million bytes. It is
generally used to describe the size of RANDOM
ACCESS MEMORY or a HARD DISK storage
device. A common HARD DISK for a small
court application would be 80 MEGAbytes, or
80 MB. (see BYTE)
MEGABYTE n: A
unit of memory or
storage equal to 1
million bytes of data.
Actually is 1,048,576
bytes. Commonly used
to measure hard disk or
Random Access
Memory size.
MEGAHERTZ n: (1)
A unit of measmment THIS WOULD
equal to 1 million electri- MEGAHERTI
cal vibrations, or cycles per second. Refers to
the speed at which a computer executes com-
mands. Each PC has an internal clock crystal
that vibrates at a set frequency, shown in Mega-
hertz. This clock controls the speed of the
C.P.U. Most recent editions of the 80486
computers run from 20 MHz to 40 MHz. (see
SPEED)
(2) Lotsofpain.
MEMORY n: A set of microchips in the com-
puter into which is loaded the program to be run,
as well as the data to be used by the computer to
perfom a task. It is like a mixing bowl. The
user puts the ingredients into the bowl and then
follows the instructions
of the Recipe. With a
computer, the user
loads the program
(instructions) into
memory and the data to
be used (ingredients),
and the computer does
themixing. PC
MEMORY is either
R.A.M. or R.O.M. (see
R.A.M., R.O.M.,
D.R.A.M., S.R.A.M.
and LOAD)
MEMORY HOG (1) adj: Refers to a program
that takes up a great deal of internal memory to
run. Often Spreadsheet programs are said to be
MEMORY HOGS because they use up most of
the 64OK.B of memory available in D.O.S.,
leaving little room for data. Software develop-
ers are becoming more aware of this problem
and are writing programs that do more while
taking up less memory. (2) n: Fond recollections
of the judge’s fcst Harley-Davidson motorcycle.
MENU n: A list of alternatives on a computer
screen from which the operator may choose. A
MENU-driven program is one that gives you a
Zist of things you can do, and you choose the
letter, or number that corresponds with what you
want to do, and type that letter. MENU systems
reduce the number of actual commands a user
must learn in order to perform a task.
MERGE v: To combine two files into one
within several alternative formats. You can
MERGE a file into another and keep the order, 0
or sequence of the first or the second file, or you
can even MERGE the order of the files.
MERGE PRINT v: To take data from one
source (such as a form letter) and combine it
with data from another (such as a list of names
and addresses) and send the resulting data to a
printer (resulting in the printing of a number of
personally addressed form letters to each person
whose name is on the list.) An example of a
court application would be to MERGE PRINT
all of the warrants for those who failed to appear
in court that day.
MHz n: Stands for Megahertz. (See MEGA-
HERTZ)
MILLISECOND n: One thousandth of a
second: .001 of a second. Generally used to
describe the amount of time required to access a
hard disk drive in a personal computer. Shown
as ms. (see ACCESS TIME)
0
MIGRATION v: The movement of a group of
users from one hardware platform to another. If
your court had been using an old mainframe
computer, and wanted to change over to a micro-
computer local area network with a minicom-
puter as a server, then that process of that change
would the MIGRATION.
MINI-COMPUTER n: A multi-user computer
designed to meet the computing needs of a small
court, or the department of a large court. They
are more powerful than a PC, but not as power-
ful as a mainframe. On the average, between 4
and 100 users can be fuctionally served by a
MINI-COMPUTER.
M. I. P. S. n. A unit of measurement equal to 1
million instructions per second. It is used to
measure the amount of softwminstructions that
can be processed by the C.P.U. chip within a PC
0
22
 and other types of computers. (See CPU)
0 MODEM n: Judges might need to communicate, to your movements. When the pointer is in line
using their computer, with another judge or a
remote data base, such as LEXIS(c) or state
drivers’license records. If you do not have a
dedicated telephone line, you will want to use
the public phone lines. However, computer
transmission pulses cannot be transmitted over
phone lines. The MODEM converts the com-
puter digital pulses into a series of analog beeps MS-DOS n: The standard, single-user, 16 bit
and chirps that can be sent over a phone line.
The MODEM on the other end of the line then
converts the analog beeps and chirps back into
computer digital pulses that the remote computer by IBM, it is called PC-DOS. (see OPERATING
can understand, and vice versa. Comes from the SYSTEM)
words Modulator-DEModulator.
MONITOR n: The complete device that
produces an on-screen display of the data and
program running on the computer. Also known
as the C.R.T. or Display. (See C.G.A., E.G.A.,
V.G.A. and X.G.A.)
MOTHERBOARD n: A sheet of non-conduc-
tive material upon which circuitry is printed, and
a number of vital computer components at-
tached. It becomes the basic curcuit board to
which “Add-on” b o d s are attached, as well.
Typically the MOTHERBOARD would contain
the CPU Chip, the internal speed clock that
controls the speed of the
CPU, the memory chips,
provision for a co-processor
chip, expansion slots, a
speaker, and yo connectors.
In some of the more recent
portables, the MOTHER-
BOARD may also contain a
modem, and graphic display chip sets. It is the
foundation piece upon which the internal parts of
the computer are built.
MOUSE n: A device for interacting with a
video screen, or CRT. A small box with a roller
ball or optic sensor on the bottom and buttons on
the top. It is connected to the computer and as
you roll it around the table top next to the com-
puter, it moves a pointer on the Screen according
with a function you wish to perform,then you
push the button on the top of the MOUSE. It can
take the place of several “function keys.’’ A
MOUSE is also used in several of the graphics
generator programs like MacPaint, PcPa.int and
Publisher’s PaintBrush, as well as many desk-top
publishing programs and games.
operating system of IBM and IBM compatible
computers. Designed and produced by a joint
venture by IBM and Microsoft Gorp. When sold
MULTI-MEDIA n: The presentation of infor-
mation under the direction of a computer using
graphics, sound, animation, and text. There are a
number of court projects that use MULTI-
MEDIA to assist the public in gaining increased
access to court information.
MULTI-TASKING adj: A term used to de-
scribe a computer or operating system that
allows the user to perform more than one func-
tion at a time. Example: A user may print a file
while he is editing another at the same time.
NANOSECOND n: One thousand millionth of
a second. Shown as .000000001of a second,
and used to measure the speed of memory chips.
For example, a fast memory chip in an AT class
computer would he around 70 to 80 NANOS-
ECONDS.
N.L.Q. n: Stands for Near Letter Quality. A
Dot Matrix printer mode that prints near-type-
writter quality characters. Due to the method of
creating N.L.Q. type, the N.L.Q. mode is gener-
ally about 25% as fast as the faster draft mode.
A quick N.L.Q. printer may print at 35 to 50
characters per second.
NetBIOS n: Stands for Network Basic Input-
Output System. A layer of software originally
23
developed by IBM and Sytek to link a network
operating system with specific hardware.
Today many network vendors provide a
version of NetBIOS with their hardware.
NETWORK n: A group of computers that
are linked together by high speed data 8 -
lines, or modems and public telephone
lines. This enables operators of each of the
computers to access the other computers for the
purpose of sharing data and programs. This can
be very heplful for a group of small courts with
common types of caseloads.
NOISE n: Any variation in an electrical signal
that is out of the ordinary. Excess noise in a
power supply may cause damage to a computer
or to software running at the time. “Noise” can
be caused by thunderstorms, outside radio
transmitters, variations in voltage, or “evil
spirits” caused by the presence of some non-
technical court administrators.
NON-VOLATILEMEMORY n: Memory in a
computer whose contents remain stored when
the power is off. A part of the basic UO instruc-
tion set is contained in ROM in most personal
computers. (See R 0 M)
NOTEBOOK adj: A type of portable computer
that is generally no larger than 8 and 1/2” deep,
11” wide, and no more than 2” high in a closed
position. They are very handy, and can be
canied in a standard attache case. The most
recent NOTEBOOK computers have V.G.A.
screens, lots of memory, hard disk drives, rea-
sonably fast C.P.U.chips, and some even run on
flashlight batteries. As a rule, NOTEBOOK type
computers are not as expandable as larger por-
tables, and tend to be more expensive. (see
V.G.A., R.A.M., C.P.U.and HARD DISK)
OPTIMIZE n: A program that re-writes all the
NUM LOCK KEY n: Key located above the data on your disk to eliminate the spaces that are
numeric key pad which locks on the keypad so created by deletion of files. By OPTIMIZING
that numbers may be entered. When the NUM your disk, you can speed up disk xtad time.
LOCK KEY is off,the numeric key pad operates
the same as the cursor control keys. OS/2 n: A second generation operating system
0. C.R. n: Stands for Optical
Character Recognition. A type of
software that controls a scanner that
will read the text off a page of
0
paper and then transfer the image
0 into text file. The result is an
ASCII file that can be loaded into a
word or text processor, or even a text-based data
base. It is an excellent application for judges to
add legal text to their personal computer.
OH-NOSECOND n: The time between when
you release the Y key and you realize you just
deleted a l l the files for which you have no back-
up copies. A major cause of migraine headaches
among computer users. (See BACKUP)
OPERATING SYSTEM n: A pmgram that
assists the user in running the computer. It
makes sure that the proper programs axe in the
right place in memory at the right time, controls
disk drive access and activity, and the UO func-
tions, among other vital computing functions.
You can consider it “doing all the necessary
paper work” to get things done inside the com-
0
puter. The most popular types for personal
computers are MS-DOSE-DOS, UNIX and
OS/2. (see D.O.S., W , O S / 2 and VO)
OPTICAL DISK n: A form of storage media
where the data or program instructions am
written to, and read from, the disk by means of a
laser beam. Optical disks can hold vast amounts
of data and thus are an excellent media for
storage of large data bases. As of this time, there
is not a widely accepted standard of format for
this media of storage; however, there are a
number of excellent OPTICAL DISK storage
systems on the market.
0
24
 developed by IBMand Microsoft. It uses a
graphic user interface, will run multiple pro-
grams (or sessions) at once, and has access to
vast amounts of memory and disk space. It also
allows for the user to “cut and paste” data from
one program into another, as well as other ad-
vanced functions not found in D.O.S.This
dictionary was created on an OS/2 Desktop
publisher program, Aldus PageMaker for OSn.
OUTPUT n: Information that originates within
the computer and is then delivered, by way of an
UO port, to the outside world. Common OUT-
PUT divices are video screens, modems, and
printers.
OVERLAY FILE n: If a program is too large to
fit into a computer’s memory (as in the case of
an 800K program in a 640K memory), the parts
that are not needed right away are stored on the
’
disk in the form of other files, and are loaded
into memory as they are needed. These other
files are called OVERLAY FILES. Many good
word processing programs, like
WordStar and WordPerfect,
have several OVERLAY
FILES.
PACKET n: A block of data
sent over a network transmit-
ting the identities of the send-
ing and receiving stations, A PRIHIER 1s A TYPICAL industry standard graphic format that
emr-control information, and a PE AlPHERAl
message.
PARALLEL adj: This is anything that transmits
several bits of information at a time, as opposed PERIPHERAL n: Any equipment connected to
to SERIAL transmission, in which information is a computer such as a printer, a modem, a mouse,
sent one bit at a time. (see SERIAL)
PARALLEL PORT n: A port in the back of
most personal comptuers to which a printer is
most commonly connected. The PARALLEL
PORT is capable of transmitting data at very
high rates of speed in comparison to the SERIAL
port. Sometimes referred to as the P A W L E L
INTERFACE.
PARK (1) v: The process of moving the read/
write head of a disk drive to a location where, if
the computer were bumped or moved, it would
not come in contact with the surface of the disk.
Most hard disks now automatically PARK the
head when power is shut off; however ,it can be
done with any number of small programs written
to perfom the task. (2) n: A nice place for the
judge to take the laptop computer at lunch time.
PASCAL n: An early computer language origi-
nally designed to teach programming in an
orderly and structured manner. It would be very
rare that a judge would need to learn PASCAL.
PATH n: (1) In DOS and OS/2 ,the location of
a file on some form of storage media such as a
floppy disk or hard disk. The PATH includes
the drive letter followed by a : sign a \ and the
directory or directories necessary to locate the
file. For example, c:\dos would be a typical
PATH to the the D.O.S.utilities files on most
personal computers running D.O.S.as
an operating system. (2) The way to
the PARK.
PCX n: A graphic file foxmat created
by 2-SoftCorp.(c), and used as a file
extension on their graphic files de-
signed on PC PaintBrush(c). An
many other programs provide for
importation into their programs. (seeIMPORT,
EXPORT and EXTENSION)
an external disk drive, etc.
PICA n: In typography a unit of measurement
equal to approximately 1/6 inch or twelve points.
In Dot Matrix Printers, it is the most common
size type at 10 characters per inch.
This is typical PICA size type.
PIXEL n: This means literally: Picture Element.
25
It is the smallest dot a display device (like a change the AC to DC c m n t of a very low
C.R.T.) can display. The more dots it shows in a voltage. The POWER SUPPLY perfoms this
given space, the higher the resolution or detail
that can be displayed. PIXELS are generally
task along with filtering out any low level
NOISE that might be in the electrical pulses. (see 0
referred to by a mamx of the number across NOISE)
times the number down the screen, as in 640
PIXELS x 480 PIXELS. (this would be a Video PRINT SERVER n: A computer on a Network
Graphics Array resolution screen) (seeV.G.A.) that makes one or more printers available to the
other users. The server will generally have a
PLOTTER n: (1) An output device used and hard disk to hold the print jobs while they wait in
controlled by a computer, to make drawings by a queue for the desired printer.
moving pens across the surface of the paper.
Most of these drawings are of the graph type and PRINT SPOOLER n: A program that all*
some plotters offer many colors. (2) He who cates a portion of memory to store data to be
schemes to steal the judge’s computer. Obvi- printed while the user perfoms other tasks.
ously, most PLO’ITERs are not bright! Without a PRINT SPOOLER, the user would
have to wait until the printer had received all the
POP-UP PROGRAM n: A type of software data to be printed before they could go on to
that once loaded into the memory of the com- other tasks.
puter is not visable on the monitor
until you activate it by a special PRINTER DRIVER n: A file
command. These are “memory that contains the necessary infor-
resident” programs that can be mation that allows the user to print
Popped Up over another program
that is running at the time. Then,
when you are frnished with the
data with a particular brand and
model of printer. Most Word
Processors require that you install
0
POP- UP PROGRAM, a command a PRINTER DRIVER prior to
makes it disappear. It will stay in using the print function of the
R.A.M. until you unload it. An program. PRINTERDRIVERS
example would be a POP-UP will come with the application
Calendar that could be accessed software that requires them,
from within other programs for
CorelDRAW is a generally. (Hey, there are no
infoxmation on dates and appoint- Popular Program absolutesin this business!)
ments.
PROGRAM n: A series of instructions that are
P. 0. S. T. n: Stands for Power On Self Test. given to the computer to perfoxm a given task.
When all P C s are first turned on, there are a PROGRAMS are written in languages that the
number of tests that they run from instructions in computer can understand, but that most judges
the R.O.M. chips. Some of these instructions cannot. Under these circumstances we look for
test the R.A.M., the circuitry, etc. It is a way to USER FRIENDLY programs, that is, programs
make sure the hardware is working before you that are easy to use.
load the operating system. When the P.O.S.T. is
completed, the final instruction is to look for the PROGRAMMER n: A person who designs,
operating system on the disk. codes, tests, debugs, and documents a computer
program. All too often the person who knows a
POWER SUPPLY n: Because computer circuits lot about computers and software and little about
cannot use AC power, it becomes necessary to courts. When you can find a PROGRAMMER
0
26
 who understands court functions, hire them and instructions from disk and place them into
keep them happy. memory for use. (2) Something that judges and
a administrators seldom do with software docu-
PROMPT n: The location on a computer screen mentation that comes with software and hard-
where commands are typed. Generally, a flash- ware.
ing CURSOR is located at the PROMIT just
after the letter indicating the active drive (A, B, READ ONLY adj. A term applied to a file in
D, etc.) and the directory, or sub-directory. A D.O.S. and OS/2 that has a file attribute which
typical PROMPT may also contain the date or prevents it from being deleted or overwritten.
time. It is sometimes referred to as There are several programs
the D.O.S. PROMPT. that will allow the user to
make files READ ONLY to
protect them from being
PROTOCOL n: In communica- accidentally deleted or over-
tions between computers, it is a written.
mutually agreed upon procedure or RESOLUTION n: A
code for the exchange of informa- measurement, generally
tion. This allows the receiving expressed in linear dots per
computer to under-stand what is inch (D.P.I.), horizontally and
being sent. Good examples would vertically, of the sharpness of
be XMODEM, YMODEM or an image generated by an
ZMODEM protocols.
RESPONSE TIMES SHOULD output device such as a
BE FAST monitor or printer. For
R A M (1) v: What a judge does example, the RESOLUTION
with his head into a wall when he cannot get the on a V.G.A. monitor is 640 dots across and 480
e%&*%$ computer to do what he wants it to dots up and down. (See V.G.A.)
do! (see #@%&*%$) (2) n: An abbreviation for
Random Access Memory. R.A.M. is w h m RESPONSE TIME n: The time a computer
programs that are read off of storage media are needs to receive, and cany out a user initiated
loaded into the computer for use. R.A.M. size is request or command. The RESPONSE TlME is
measured in Kilobytes (K) or MegaBytes (MB), a very important criteria that is part of a request
as in 640K of R.A.M. Information in R.A.M. is for proposals for a court automation system. If
subject to any modification the computer is your court automation system has a RESPONSE
capable of performing. Any data or instructions TIME measured with a calendar, you have a
in R.A.M. are lost when the power is turned off problem.
or the computer is rebooted. Most computers
use D.R.A.M chips for R.A.M. (see D.R.A.M.) RETURN KEY (1) n: Another name for the
ENTER key on the computer keybaord. A term
R.A.M. DISK n: A portion of internal memory that is a hold over from when the user of a
(R.A.M.) that is configured to appear to the manual typewritter had to return the caniage by
computer as being a disk drive. There are some hand. (2) v: What the public defender seems to
applications where a R.A.M. DISK can be an forget to do after using the "Court Staff Only"
inexpensive, very fast alternative to another disk. restroom.
All data written to a R.A.M. DISK is lost at shut
down, if not saved to disk first. R. 0. M. n: An abbreviation for Read Only
Memory. Any information placed in R.O.M.
READ (1) v: To retrieve data or program generally cannot be erased, modified, or de-

27
stroyed by the common user. Some small laptop
computers now come with the D.O.S.operating
system, and even applications such as word
processing or spreadsheets, installed in the
computer in the form of R.O.M. chips.
RS-232 n: A maldfemale type connector stan-
dard for SERIAL data transmission. Many
microcomputers come with one or more RS-232
i/o ports for connection to other hardware such
as a modem. (see VOand SERIAL)
RUDY n: The Editor’s Black Labrador Re-
triever. (Hey, it’s my dictionary!)
RUN v: (1) In DOS and OS& to execute a
program. (2) Something RUDY likes to do.
S. A. A. n: Stands for Systems Application
Architecture. A set of specifications written by
IBM describing how users, applications pro-
grams, and communications programs interface.
S.A.A. represents an attempt to standardize the
“look and feel” of software applications. Presen-
tation Manager under the OS/2 operating system
is the PC version of an S.A.A. application. (see
INTERFACE)
SCALABLE FONT n: A type of printed
alphanumeric font that designes each letter as an
outline that can be
increased and de-
creased in size saving
the exact propomonal-
ity of each letter.
SCALABLE FONTS
tend to allow more
flexability in desktop )4A D
publishing, but require
a printer with a lan- SCANNER
guage capable of
printing these special fonts. They are clearer
than are BIT-MAPPED fonts. (see BIT-
MAPPED FONTS)
SCANNER n: Often referred to as an Optical
Scanner, it is a device that can “look” at a page
of typed material or graphics, and enter it into a
28
file on a computer, where it can be edited by a
text editor, word processor, or graphics applica-
ton. A SCANNER is a very useful tool in a
court environment as it can copy papers filed in
the court into computer files for archiving
0
purp~ses.SCANNERSuse two types of soft-
ware: Optical Character Recognition (O.C.R.)
and Image.
SCREEN DUMP n: A printout of the current
screen display.
SCROLL v: To move a WINDOW horizont-
ally or vertically so that the position over a
document or worksheet changes. (see WIN-
DOW)
SERIAL (1) adj: This refers to anything that
transmits information or data one bit at a time,
as opposed to “parallel” which sends data several
bits at a time. (2) n: What COMPUTER-MAN
eats for breakfast.
SERVER (1) n: A computer with large power
supply and cabinet capacity. (2) n: Any com-
puter on a network that makes file, print, or
communications services available to other
0
network users. (3) n: He who brings COMPUT-
ERMAN his SERIAL in the morning.
SHADOW RAM n: A technology that loads
system B.I.O.S. and/or video B.I.O.S. directly
into fast R.A.M. on boot-up of the computer,
offering enhanced performance speed at the cost
of 384K of memory in the first 1MB of system
R.A.M. If you have lots of available memory,
this is small price to pay for good speed.
SHAREWARE n: A type of software that is
given to users, often by means of DOWN-
LOADing from Bulletin Boards, with the under-
standing that if the program is found to be
useful, the user will send a nominal fee to the
author. M o m m version 2.42 is an example.
When you send the fee, they xegister you as a
user, and send you the full printed documnta-
tion. Some SHAREWARE programs such as
M o m m are among the best in the industry.
0

S. L M.M.n: Stands for Single In-line Memory
Module, and is a method of compacting R.A.M.
chips onto a small board that can then be placed,
on edge, into the motherboard to expand the
system memory of a digital computer. They are
used in many fast PCs to save space. Most
S.1.M.M.s come in 1.2, or 4 MegaF3yte sizes.
S. N. A. n: System Network Architecture.
IBM’s model of a communications system
designed to connect PC,Minis and Main Frame
computen.
SOFI’FONT n: Technically, all fonts are
“soft,”in that they are all created with software
instructions. In the real world, though, fonts
that are installed in the printer by the manufac-
turer, or added directly to the printer by means of ful when the PC user is seeking information
a card or cartridge are called HARD FONTS.
Instructions Per Second. (see M.I.P.S. and
MEGAHERTZ)
SPREADSHEET n: A program designed to
manipulate numbers in tabular fonn. A grid
made up of rows and columns, much the same as
a ledger sheet. The user may make a great many
different types of calculations all at one time
involving a great deal of data using a SPREAD-
SHEET. Most judges can use a good spread-
sheet.
S. Q.L. n. A method of accessing infoxmation
in a database wherein you ask English-like
questions. S.Q.L. stands for Structured Query
Language, and is currently the most common
method of report generation available for per-
sonal computer databases. It is especially help-
stored on a mainframe computer. There are a

’
Those fonts whose printing instructions are kept number of vendors who are writing S. Q. L.
in the computer, and are sent to the printer along “front ends” for existing databases.
with the document to be printed are called SOFT
FONTS. As a rule, SOFT FONT printing S.R.A.M. n: Stands for
is slower than HARD FONT printing. . I don’t StaticRandomAccess
no Memory. Thiskindof
SOFI’WAREn: This refers to programs t 9 r !memory chip does not need to
that run on a computer. If the work is done be electrically recharged after
by a program in the computer rather than each C.P.U. access like
by the machine itself, it is said to be done D.R.A.M. does, and thus runs at
by SOFIWARE. Most SOFIWARE can speeds of 35 ns or better. The
be divided into types such as: word proces- chips are very expensive, and axe
sots, spreadsheets, communications, most commonly found in disk
utilities, games, data base management, caches in 80386 and 80486 com-
graphics, etc. Some of the moTe sophisticated puters. Most often referred to as “Static Ram.”
SOFTWARE recently introduced onto the (~ee D.R.A.M. and NANO-SECOND)
market have several of these types combined into
one package, and they are interrelational; that is, STAND ALONE (1) adjective: Describes a
they share data and function. type of personal computer that is not connected
to other computers by means of direct connec-
SPEED n: Speed measures the rate in meg- tion. Thus, it is said to STAND ALONE.This
ahurtz (MHz) at which a microprocessor re- does not mean that it cannot still communicate
ceives, processes, and outputs, information. All via a MODEM, however. Typically, a STAND
other factors being equal, the higher the clock ALONE personal computer would be used to
e speed, the faster the computer operates. Another manipulate data, and run programs that are .
way to measure the SPEED of faster computers
is in M.IS.S., which stands for Millions of
contained within that specific computer, as
opposed to sharing data with other computers on

29
a LOCAL AREA NETWORK.(See MODEM
and L.A.N.)(2) v: What the judge will do in
1995 if asked to join all the other judges who are
not using personal computers.
SURGE PROTECTOR n: An electrical device
that “traps” radical variations in electrical cur-
rent before they can damage your computer
system. A SURGE PROTECTOR is plugged
into the wall circuit, and then all parts of your
computer system are plugged into the SURGE
PROTECTOR. They range in price, and value,
from round $10.00 for a rather worthless unit, to
as much as several hundred dollars for a com-
plete system control unit.
SYNTAX (I) n: The rules within a computer
language that determine the means, order and
terms that may be used to make the language
work as it was designed. (2) n: A levy on prosti-
tution collected in some areas of
Nevada. I I commands into the computer. Most
SYSOP n: Stands for System
Operator, and is the person who
manages a Bulletin Board
TIME-SHARING n: With the advent of large,
expensive “main frame” type computers, time-
sharing allows many users to access and use the 0
computer at one time. They generally would do
this from remote terminals, and then be billed for
the time they were “on” the machine.
TOKEN-RING n: Referres to the wire, and the
access protocol scheme, whereby a station on a
network relays packets (see PACKET) of infor-
mation around in a logical ring configuration of
personal computers making up a Local h a
Network.
TONER n: Electrically charged ink used in
laser printers.
TOUCH SCREEN n: A technology which
allows the computer user to actually “touch” the
Screen of the monitor to input data or
these systems utilize a video disk
system, a computer, and a monitor.

TRACKBALL n: An input device

0
System. (See B.B.S.) that looks like a MOUSE that has been
turned upside down. It allows a finger
TERRABYTE n: One million or thumb to roll a ball, which is lo-
MegaBytes of storage. The next .. .: cated on top of the device, and thus
size up from a GIGABYTE, move the CURSOR or arrow on the
showing the growth in storage capacity of the A
Screen to where the user wants it.
microcomputer industry, especially in the area ofTRACKBALL, like a MOUSE, has several
optical disks. It is shown by the characters TB, buttons which can then be pressed to direct
as in 1TB of storage. (see OPTICAL DISKS) commands to the software.They are commonly
used where there is little desk space for a
TERMINAL (1) n: A device for communicating MOUSE. (see MOUSE and CURSOR)
with a computer. In most cases, it is a keyboard
and a video monitor (CRT) along with some TREE n: (1) In DOS and O W ,a structure of
form of a printer for hard copy. (2) n: The directory and subdirectories which organize the
mental or physical state of a judge after a long storage of data on a disk. (2) One of RUDY’S
day on the bench sans personal computer. favorite places. (see DIRECTORY and RUDY)

THIMBLE n: A type element in a printer not T. S. R. n: Stands for Terminate and Stay
unlike a daisy-wheel except that the little arms Resident. Often called Ram-Resident Software;
are all turned up to form a cup or thimble once loaded into memory, you do not see or use
shape.(see Daisywheel) it until you bring it up to the screen by means of

30
 “HOTKEY”. When it is activated it will sus-
pend whatever other software is currently run-
I) ning, and then it will perform its intended task.
Once you are through with it, you can make it go
“AWAY” and resume use of original program.
SIDEKICK(c),or the series of POP-UP pro-
grams, are good examples of T.S.R. softwm.
(=POP-UP)
TURNKEY SYSTEM n: What every
judge would love to have in his court.
A complete computer system combin-
ing hardware and software for a
special application that is all ready to
go when delivered to the court. All
the judge has to do is turn on the
system. Not to be mistaken for a
“Turkey System” that all too many we for
courts have!
’
TWISTED-PAIR WIRING n: (1) Cable
comprised of two wires twisted together at 6
turns per inch to provide self-shielding. Some
telephone wire, but by no means all, is
TWISTED-PAIR. (2) The two guys on the right. USER GROUP n: An informal p u p of owners
UNM n: A multi-user, multi-tasking operating software who meet to share programs and useful
system devised by AT&T that runs on 32 bit
personal computers. There are variations on this for support.
system by other, similar names such as Zenix,
etc. UNIX is most often found on Graphic
Engineering Workstations, seldom in courts. Up intended to assist the computer operator to better
until just recently UNIX has been considered to
be user unfriendly. (see operating System and
User Friendly)
UP AND RUNNING adj: A description of a
computer system or other piece of hardware/
software that is in place and working.
UPLOAD v: To transfer information from a
remote micro-computer to a host computer for
use by the host computer. This practice would
allow a remote court to add information to a
criminal or traffic data base at a central location. of MS-DOSwas 5.0. The higher the number the
This can be done by a dedicated line, or by
public phone and a modem.
U.P.S. (1) n: Initials for Unintmptable Power
Supply. The court computer equipment is
plugged into the U.P.S.,and the U.P.S.is
plugged into the wall current. If the power goes
down or out, the U.P.S. continues to provide
power for the court computer equipment until
such time as you can close the fdes and shut
down the system in an orderly
way. Not having a U.P.S.can
result in losing your court data.
(2) n: The folks who generally
either lose or break your mail
order computer before you ever
see it, and then smile because the
vendor didn’t insure it.
USER FRIENDLY adj: Gener-
us ally applies to hardwarehoft-
Group? ware systems that require little
or no computer knowledge or
experience to use. They are programs designed
to eliminate the frustrations of beginners and
reduce learning time.
and/or users of a particular type of computer or
tips. Most microcomputers have “user groups”
UTILITY PROGRAM n: A type of software
use his hardware and productivity software. An
example of a UTITLITY would be a program
that would enable the user to make back-up
copies of copy protected software.
VERSION n: A specific release of a software
program. In that software writers are always
updating and improving their products, they use
VERSION numbers to clarify what copy of the
program each is. For example, the most recent
edition of WordStar(c) at the time of this writing
was VERSION 6.0,while the most recent edition
more recent the edition.
31
VIDEO TERMINAL n: The controllfeed back C.R.T.screen. A WINDOW will allow you to
hardware control of a computer. It is comprised see two or more files at the same time, each in a
of a keyboard and a CRT for display of informa-
tion. They are fast and quiet, with the only
different WINDOW. Many newer software
offerings have WINDOWING capabilities. (2) 0
drawback being they do not give a hard copy of n: A type of software that allows you to run
the information displayed. several different programs at the same time, one
in each WINDOW on your monitor. The most
VIRTUAL MEMORY n: The ability of an recent versions of this type of environment is
operating system (such as O W )to use disk Windows version 3.0 from Microsoft Gorp, and
space as part of its perceived internal memory. OS/2 Presentation Manager version 1.3 from
Thus, when running a program, if the system IBM & Microsoft Corp. (see WINDOWS)
runs out of memory chips, it
will “swap” data in memory WINDOWS n: The Graphic User
it does not need right now Interface that runs with D.O.S.,
back to the disk, making which contains a number of speci-
room for files it does need. fications which applications
While this makes it so you developers can write to. There are
never run out of memory
when you need it, it slows
down system performance.
’ is p e is
what I uould call
WINDOWS programs such as
Excel spreadsheet by Microsoft(c)
and AMI Professional word
(see osfa a fl o r d P r o c e s 5 o r 9 processor by htus(c) that all have
a common look and feel to the user
VIRUS n: A software program designed as a and will share data even though they are from
prank or sabotage, which when run will often
damage the data or operating sytem within a
computer system.
different publishers. (2) Something that most
court clerks “do not do.” 0
WORD PROCESSOR n: (1) An application
VOLATILE MEMORY software that allows the user to create documents
(1) n: Memory in a computer whose data is lost and then print them. It allows for extensive
when the power is turned off. Most personal control of the text, such as the moving of words,
computers’ main memory, R.A.M.,is VOLA- sentences, and even whole paragraphs from one
TILE MEMORY. (See R .A. .M) (2) A state of place to another within the document. The better
mind when the judge remembers how much he ones provide spelling checkers and a thesaurus.
paid for his personal computer when it first hit Perhaps the single most useful type of software
the market, and now, three months later, when it for the judge. (2) n: Also refers to a complete
is on sale for 75% off. STAND ALONE and dedicated system that
includes the hardware and software for the
WINCHESTER n: (1) The first thing the judge performance of only word processing tasks,and
reaches for when the “darn computer won’t generally cannot run other types of application
work!” (2)A nickname given the first design for software. (seeAPPLICATION SOFTWARE)
the hard Disk storage device, it has since been
applied to all types of hard disk drives regardless WORDWRAP n: A function of a word proces-
of their format or storage capacity. The original sor that automatically puts words that don’t fit at
IBM was 30 sectors and 30 Megabytes, thus the the end of one line at the beginning of the next
30-30 designation.

WINDOW (1) n: A separate viewing area of a

line, thus relieving the user from having to hit
the return key at the end of each line. 0
version: July 1991

32
I
.
 20 New Tools of Technology

e Wednesday, March 11
Banquet Keynote Speaker
Daniel B u m s
 FUTUREVIEW@
20 NEW TOOLS OF TECHNOLOGY
BY DANIEL BURRUS 01991
GENETIC ENGINEERING All living organisms are made of cells, and in those cells are genes that have a readable code defining
all aspezts of the plant or animal. Genetic engineering, or recombinant DNA technology, is the mapping, restructuring, and
remotieling of the gene code to eliminate or enhance a specific trait. Agricultural applications will include crops that are insect proof,
drought resistant, and nitrogen fixing. Both plants and animals will be engineered to produce and process a variety of drugs, industrial
lubricants. and enzymes. Human applications will range from predicting inherited genetic diseases to applying gene therapy to correct
genetic disorders.

2 ADVANCED BIOCHEMISTRY Using genetic engineering techniques, biochemists are creating new diseasediagnostic
systems, highly effective "super drugs," advanced drug delivery systems and new bioindustrial applications. Advanced biochemistry
techniques were used to create Interleukln-2, a new class of drug that can fight diseases like cancer. Monoclonal antlbodles
have been produced that bind only to a specific molecule and are used to diagnose disease, pinpoint specific genes, and purify rare
substances. Two other examples include fetaltell transplants, which can be used to treat blood disorders such as sickle cell
anemia, Parkinson's disease. diabetes and radiation exposure, and photoactlve drugs, which are activated when exposed to light.

3 BIOELECTRICITY All animals have a bioelectrical system within their bodies. Scientists are discovering the bioelectric
wavelengths needed to stimulate different nerves, muscles, and glands. For example, bioelectricity is currently being used in humans to
stimulate the regrowth of severed bones, to stimulate and regulate defective hearts and lungs. to speed the healing rate of wounds, and as
an alternative to addictive pain killers. Applications in the late 1990s will range from stimulating the reconnection of severed nerves to
stimulating glands to secrete healing drugs. Bioelectrical chips will appear in 10 to 15 years.

4 ADVANCED COMPUTERS Computers are electronic calculating machines that can process information and follow programmed
instructions. Advanced computers cover all related hardware and systems. such as personal computers. supercomputers. and micro and
minicomputers. that are based on advanced chip technology. The Sornoff cblp contains 100 tiny lasers packed onto a single chip.
creating the fust functional optoelectronic integrated circuit. It will operate in computers using internal laser beams rather than the
traditional currents of electricity, which will allow the power of 10 Cray supercomputers in a computer that fits on your desk. This could
be in production in the late 1990s.

5 MULTI-SENSORY ROBOTICS A robot is a computerantrolled machine that can be programmed to do a wide variety of tasks.
Today they are primarily used for repetitive, dirty, and dangerous tasks. or tasks that require a high level of precision. The addition of
-
multiple sensors and mobility are yielding a new generation of advanced robots. In the Mid 199Os, we will see the first useful service
robot, such as a smart shopping cart, mobile helpers used in factories, and personal robots, which will be mobile home computers that
-
combine a burglar alarm fire alarm and smart servant functions.

6 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AI is the capability of a computer to perform functions that are normally attributed to human
intelligence, such as learning. adapting, recognizing, classifying, reasoning. self-correction, and improvement. Artificial intelligence
is currently appearing in the form of expert systems (putting electronic experts at your side), voice recognitlon (allowing you to
talk to your computer). Image processing, and user-frlendly software.

7 PARALLEL PROCESSING Parallel processing is an advanced computer processing technique that allows a computer or a large
number of processors to simultaneously attack a problem. Ten identical computers working together on a single problem will solve it 10
times faster than a single computer working alone. Parallel computers currently for sale incorporate tars of hundreds or thousands of
individual processors. Developing parallel hardware is not a problem, but parallel software is. Conventional software does one thing at
a time. The development of a wide range of parallel software has now become the critical hurdle to overcome. By the mid-1990s. parallel
processing will be widely used to reduce the time required to retrieve and store data, and it will increase the complexity of the commercial
and scientific tasks that computers handle.

8 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS Digital devices translate signals into the Os and 1s that computers understand. The original signal is
sampled instant-by-instant, converted to a numerical map, and sent to a receiver. Digital signal processing chips then process the digits
and reconstruct them as an accurate map of the original signal. Traditional electronic devices, as well as magnetic and optical devices,
can use digital techniques. Corporations have already begun to digitize all types of information, including written information, audio,
video. and film. This will allow for better organization and utilization of large amounts of information.

9 LASERS The word laser stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser light covers a n m w range of
wavelengths, tends to be coherent, and is emiaed in a nmow directional beam of high intensity. Laser devices can range in size from a
pinhead to the size of a football field. Their light ranges from invisible ultraviolet and infrared through all colors of the rainbow. A wide
range of applications are already in use from eye surgery to compact disks (CDs). In the late 1990s. laser and microwave scalpels will
completely replace the traditional metal scalpel in all surgery. Holography, which produces 3-D imagery, will be common in
advertising, such as in a display window of a jewelry store. The increasing diversity of applications will make it difficult to avoid
contact with lasers.

FIBEROPTICS Fiberoptics provides a digital highway in which photons, particles of light, travel. An optical fiber is a hair-thin
strand of glass composed of silicon and other materials with a light transmitting core and a layer of material that will keep the light from
straying. When used for communications. they can carry four signals at once: telephone, television, radio, and computer data. By the
year 2000, the majority of homes in America will have a fiberoptic connection.

BURRUS RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, INC. P.O. BOX 26413 MILWAUKEE, WI 53226 (414) 774-7790
 - __ ---
'I - 1

1 1 OPTICAL DATA STORAGE Optical memory systems use lasers to read information that is stored in digital form. Examples
-
include all optical disks, optical film, floptical disks, and bar code readers. Optical storage devices can randomly access digito!
information at high speeds. They can contain audio, video, and computer data at the same time. By the late 1990s. most digital
infomation storage will be chip-based or optical-based, allowing for more efficient use of digital data.

1 2 MICROWAVES Microwaves are electromagnetic waves having a wavelength in the region between infrared and short-wave radio.
Currently, microwaves have two major application categories: sending wireless digital information and heating objects by creating
molecular movement inside the object. In the 199Os, we will see applications ranging from microwave clothes dryers and microwave
scalpels to heating cancerous tumors that are in inoperable locations to a temperature that kills the cancer but leaves the healthy cells
alive.

1 3 ADVANCED SATELLITES As advanced satellites with diverse uses are put into orbit by more and more countries, they will play
an ever mcreasing role in worldwide government and business communications, as well as in studying. mappmg. and surveying the
earth. Landstat is, for example, being used for oil and mineral exploration. Navestar will be used to determine exact locations of all forms
of transportation on the planet. Surveillance will continue to play a big role for satellites.

1 4 PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS When photons of sunlight strike a solar cell, electrons are knocked free from silicon atoms and are
drawn off by a grid of metal conductors. This action yields a flow of electricity ( & a t current). PV cells require no fuel, are self-
contained with no moving parts, are non-polluting, and have a lifetime of over 20 years. Today's most popular type of PV cell is
amorphous (non-crystalline) silicon, which is 40 times more light absorbing than crystalline silicon. Currently, PV cells can convert
sunlight directly into electricity at the current efficiency rate of 28.2%. and can be used for applications such as pocket calculators,
refrigerators, portable communications, and remote and rural elechification. Near the year 2000, advanced PV cells will help make the
poduction of solar hydrogen more economical. (Hydrogen is pollution free and turns back into water when it is burned. It also packs
. I

more energy per pound than any other fuel.) Solar hydrogen will eventually be used for m a l electrification and as an alternative
. *automobile
.
and jet fuel.
,
1 5 MICROMECHANICS Micromechanics involves the designing and building of tiny mechanisms, such as valves, accelerometers,
and pressure and force sensors. Micromachines can be etched in batches on silicon wafers and then sliced into separate chips. They can
h e n be linked up with microelectronic circuits and used for applications such as monitoring pollution, aiding medical research.
and givink robots a sense of touch. Quantum structures are microscopic electronic structures, such as quantum walls, wells, and
wires. The fmt quantum transistor. which has already been fabricated, is 100 times smaller and 1000 times faster than current transistors.
Micromechanics will revolutionize the electronics industry in the late 19%.
I '

1 6 MOLECULAR DESIGNING Scientists, using a supercomputer, can decide what properties they want a material to have and then,
2ikhg advan& c~mputergraphics and modeling programs, custom design a new material molecule by molecule, atom by atom. Using
lasers $D lay down atoms in a precise pattern on surfaces,molecular designers can a l m material properties, such as making metals
4
0
become glass and insulators become conductors. The f m t products to move out of the lab are tailor-made enzymes for industry.

17 NEW POLYMERS Polymm are complex chemical structures that can be adapted to many uses and combined with reinforcing
substances: By rearranging loops and chains of carbon. oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, chemists are pmducing polymers that can
conduct electricity. dissolve in sunlight, cany light waves, and function as moving parts in automobiles. Currently there are 60,000
differat polymers with applications ranging from garbage bags to U.S. Army tanks. Mlwed-medla polymers can be used for
airplane propellers. nmnhg shoes. compact disks and low-friction ball bearings. Conductlvepolymers combine the electrical
properties of metals with the advantages of plastic. To date. there are o v a 20 conducting polymers that are lighter and stronger than
tianSistors and are more resistant to heat in circumstances where conventional silicon devices fail. This will yield a variety of new
ptoducts including plastic, moldable batteries.
, -*
18 &GH:TECH CERAMICS Any substance except carbon-based materials can be used when making ceramic materials. Ceramic
'materials are hard, chemically inert, and resistant to comsion, wear. and high temperatures. Most ceramics an electrical insulators and
are ttaMparent to most forms of electromagnetic radiation. Some current uses include abrasives for cutting tools, heat shields, ball
bearings, engine components. and artificial bone implants. Cumnt applications include everyday items such as ceramic knives,
Scissors. and ballpoint pens. In the mid 1990s. we will see a large number of ceramic auto engine parts, which will yield cleaner-running
auto engines. and, by the year 2000, a ceramic-based automotive gas turbine engine.
: .t; ,, :- ' ,
19 . FIBERiREINFORCED COMPOSITES Composites are materials. such as ceramics and plastics, that have been reinforced
With synthetic fibers and carbon fdaments. Composites are beginning to replace some automobile and airplane parts because they are
Eatweight resist corrosion, and are often stronger than steel. Beech Aircraft Corporation's new business jet, the Starship. has an all-
-
composite body. In the mid 1990s. applications will range from home building materials to bridges.

2 0 SUPERCONDUCTORS Superconductors are materials that carry electricity without any loss of energy. Near-term applications
Mrange f h m less expensive but more advanced magnetic imaging machines for hospitals. superconducting t v . antennas, faster
computer W t s in mainframe computers using thin-filmsuperconductors. and small and efficient electric motors. Near the year 2000,
we willcbeginto see superconducting cables to transmit electricity and magnetically-levitated trains.
d
P.O. BOX 2.6413 MILWAUKEE, WI 53226 (414) 774-7790
BURRUS RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, I&.
Y- :-

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