Joshua James S.

Rodriguez

BSA – 1A

Animal Science 101

Mrs. Hercily Abiera Agustin

Module 2 – Anatomy and Physiology I

Lesson 1 – The Integumentary System
Activity
Match the Horse!
Let see if you can match the color of the horse with the pictures shown below. Write the
letter that corresponds to your answer inside the box.
a. Palomino b. Bay c. Appaloosa d. Dapple gray

b d

c a

Analysis
 What makes the animal differ in their skin coloring?
- Melanin is the principal pigment that gives a mammal's skin, fur, and eyes
their color. Albino mammals (including humans), fish, birds, reptiles, and
amphibians are all affected by albinism. Albinism is a genetic disorder in
which the primary gene stops the body from producing normal pigment
melanin. A single trait or a combination of traits that interfere with melanin
formation is inherited by an animal. Some animals have colors in their skin to
protect them from sunlight, while some frogs may lighten or darken their skin
to regulate their body temperature. Finally, creatures can be colorized by
chance. Blood is red, for example, because the haem pigment required to
transport oxygen is red.
 What do you think is the importance of skin color and markings in determining
the identity of the animal?
- Color aids the animal's ability to hide, deceive or draw attention. Camouflage
is how animals hide. They can blend in with their surroundings and hide from
predators because of their hues. Some wildlife uses spots or stripes as a form
of color disruption. In addition, the purpose of skin color in animals is to
promote services such as cleaning to other animals of the same species,
indicating their sexual status to other members of the same species, and
mimicking another species' warning colors.
Application
,

List down at least 10 breeds of cattle, swine, goat, and chicken with their distinguishing
physical features.

10 Breeds of Cattle Physical Features

Skin are white with dark red or chocolate-brown patches or
1. Gir sometimes black or purely red. Horns are peculiarly curved,
giving a ‘half-moon’ appearance.
Skin is red with shades varying from dark red to light, strips of
2. Red Sindhi
white.
Reddish dun or pale red in color, sometimes flashed with white
3. Sahiwal
patches.
Skin is grey or dark grey. Compact, muscular and medium size
4. Hallikar
animal with prominent forehead, long horns and strong legs.
Amiritmahals are grey cattle but their shade varies from almost
5. Amritmahal white to near black. The muzzle, feat and tail are usually black.
Horns are long and end in sharp black points
Grey-white in color. Long horns turn forwards in a peculiar
6. Khillari
fashion. The horns are generally black, sometimes pinkish.
Breeds have typical marking of black and white that make them
7. Holstein Friesian
easily distinguishable.
Umblachery calves are generally red or brown at birth with all
8. Umblachery the characteristic white marking on the face, on limbs and tail.
The legs have white markings below the hocks like socks
Grey or dark grey in colour. White markings will be seen in
9. Alambadi forehead, limb and tail. Horns are backward curving like Mysore
cattle.
Large muscular breed with a well-developed hump. Suitable for
10. Ongole
heavy draught work. White or light grey in color.

10 Breeds of Swine Physical Features

They have erect ears and are solid white in color. To be more
1. Yorkshire
technical, they have pink skin and white hair
The Duroc is a very distinct breed, as it is one of the only pig
breeds that is solid red in color. They can range from a dark
2. Duroc
rusty red to a chestnut red. The Duroc doesn’t have erect ears,
but drooping ears.
The pig should have white on all four feet, the face, and the tail.
3. Bershire Altogether, a Berkshire should have six white points. They
should also have erect ears.
The Landrace is a white pig, similar to the Yorkshire. However,
4. Landrace the Landrace has drooping ears rather than erect ears. The
Landrace is a large, long breed of pigs.
They are black in color with a white ‘belt’ that circles the
5. Hampshire abdomen and loin of the pig behind the shoulder. The belt can
be narrow or wide. Hampshires have erect ears.
 White in color with black spots. They are often referred to as
6. Pietrain
“Spots”. Pietrain pigs have erect ears.
Hereford pig has the same markings and colors as the Hereford
7. Hereford cattle breed. The body is red and has white on the face, under
the belly and at least two of the feet should be white.
Tamworths are always a light golden-red color. They also have
8. Tamworths erect ears. They also have very long snouts, giving it an
appearance similar to wild boars.
A small to medium-sized breed with large drooping ears, and
9. Meishan
wrinkled black skin, particularly so on the face.

10. Chester White White with small, partially drooping ears.

10 Breeds of Goat Physical Features

1. Alpine Have horns, a straight profile and erect ears.

The body is covered with fine and glossy fur coat and they
2. La Mancha
have a straight face.
Long sized pendulous ears hanged close to the head. They
3. Nubian are generally short haired and carries a decidedly Roman
nose. Long sized legs. Udder is comparatively big sized.
It has white skin and a short white coat; some small
4. Saanen pigmented areas may be tolerated. It may be horned or
hornless, and tassels may be present.
Boer goats are large, stocky animals with a white body and
5. Boer a red head, brown eyes, lop (downward-hanging) ears,
backward-curving horns, and strong, well-placed legs.
It is a landrace and varies in appearance. Both bucks and
does are usually horned, and the bucks may have large and
6. Spanish
twisted horns. They have large ears and their ears are held
horizontally and forward next to the head.
Most of the goats are of white color, although they can be in
7. Kiko almost any color. Both bucks and does usually have horns,
but a fully grown Kiko buck have prominent horns.
Their body is full, wide, and deep with heavy muscling
evident throughout. They have large, prominent eyes in high
8. Tennessee Fainting
sockets. The eyes protrude from the eye sockets, as
opposed to recessed eyes seen in other breeds.
The pygmy is small, cobby and compact and is not fine-
9. Pygmy boned. A full coat of straight, medium-long hair which varies
in density with seasons and climates.
Angora is generally smaller than other domestic goats and
sheep. Both sexes are horned, and the ears are long and
10. Angora
drooping. The strong elastic fibre of the coat differs from
wool primarily in its smoothness and lustre.
 10 Breeds of Chicken Physical Features
They have tufts and are rumpless (have no tail and the
1. Araucana
complete absence of a tail bone)
Large chickens with feathers on shanks and toes, pea
2. Brahma comb, smooth fitting plumage with dense down in all
sections.
Cochin has feathered rumps and with feathered legs and
toes. Cochins are large chickens; their extra plumage
3. Cochin
makes them appear larger. And feathers of this Cochins
are very light feathers, they have a soft and fluffy feel.
The New Hampshire Red has a deep, broad body. Most
4. New Hampshire Red pin feathers are a reddish buff in color and, therefore, do
not detract from the carcass appearance very much.
Wyandotte chickens are medium sized birds with quite
long clean legs and a rose comb. Their legs are yellow.
5. Wyandotte
The feathers of this chicken breed are broad and loosely
fitting. The area around the vent is very fluffy.
The Old English Game is a small, muscular, and powerful
chicken. They have hard, glossy, tightly packed feathers.
6. Old English Game
Their beaks are well curved and large for the size of their
heads, and they have strong legs.
This fowl has a deep breast with a curved back, short legs
with thighs covered by thick feathering. The Orpington has
7. Orpington
either a single or rose comb (depending on the standards
of the country), red wattles and white earlobes.
They have rectangular, relatively long bodies, typically
dark red in color. They have red-orange eyes, reddish-
8. Rhode Island Red brown beaks. And their feet and legs are yellow (often with
a bit of reddish color on the toes and sides of the shanks.
Their skin is yellow colored.
They have a single variety, with pure white plumage, red
9. Rhode Island White
wattles and earlobes, and a medium size rose comb.
They stand less than 70 cm tall and weigh approximately
2.6 kg on average. Males (called cocks or roosters) and
10. Leghorn
females (hens) are known for their fleshy combs, lobed
wattles hanging below the bill, and high-arched tails.