BREEDS OF DUCK

1.)Khaki Campbell Duck

-Adult Campbell duck weigh approximately 3-5 pounds.

-Campbells can come in three color varieties: khaki, dark and white.
- Khaki Campbell drake is mostly khaki colored with a darker head usually olive green lacking the white
ring of its Mallard ancestors.
-has a more modest plumage of Khaki covering the entirety of the body.
-very gentle, passive and friendly breed when raised by hand until maturity.
-They are a good breed for young families and children to raise.
The egg production can exceed even the most efficient of egg laying domestic chickens, with the breed
laying an average of 300 eggs a year..
-become mature at approximately 7 months.
-seldom hatch out others' young; however, in very communal situations do hatch large broods together.
----Most brooding behavior has been sacrificed in exchange for prolific egg laying ability in this breed.
The ducks, when raised by hand, are not usually defensive of their eggs or nests, making collection of
eggs very easy. Mechanical incubators or broody chickens are used to hatch out Khaki Campbell
ducklings when hens are not present in the process. Incubation takes approximately 23 to 28 days for a
Khaki Campbell duckling to hatch and eggs need to be inspected for ducklings that have not emerged
from their egg completely.

2.)Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata)

-They are large ducks, with the males about 76 cm (30 in) long, and weighing up to 7 kg (15 lb). Females
are considerably smaller, and only grow to 3 kg (6.6 lb), roughly half the males' size. The bird is
predominantly black and white, with the back feathers being iridescent and glossy in males, while the
females are more drab. The amount of white on the neck and head is variable, as well as the bill, which
can be yellow, pink, black, or any mixture of these. They may have white patches or bars on the wings,
which become more noticeable during flight. Both sexes have pink or red wattles around the bill, those of
the male being larger and more brightly colored.

Although the Muscovy duck is a tropical bird, it adapts well to cooler climates, thriving in weather as
cold as −12 °C (10 °F) and able to survive even colder condition

3.) Indian Runners

-unusual breed of Anas platyrhynchos domesticus, the domestic duck.

-They stand erect like penguins and, rather than waddling, they run.

-The females usually lay about 150 – 200 eggs a year or more, or utility strains.

-These ducks do not fly and only rarely form nests and incubate their own eggs.

-They run or walk, often dropping their eggs wherever they happen to be. Duck-breeders need to house
their birds overnight or be vigilant in picking up the eggs to prevent them from being taken by other
animals.
 -The ducks vary in weight between 1.4 and 2.3 kg (3-5 lbs). Their height (from crown to tail tip) ranges
from 50 cm (20 inches) in small females to about 76 cm (30 inches) in the taller males. The eggs are
often greenish-white in color, but these too vary.

-Drakes have a small curl on the tip of their tails, while hens have flat tails. It's difficult to determine their
sex until they are fully mature.

4.) Mallard duck

-Also called Pateros or itik, the Philippine mallard is mainly raised for the production of balut and penoy,
itlog na pula, (salted egg), and century eggs.
- these ducks are non sitters.
-The average weight of an adult is 1.75 kg while the adult female is 1.50 kg. under traditional
management practices.
-Can lay 200 eggs in a year.

5.) Pekin duck

- developed in china but improved in north America and Europe
- a producer of high quality meat, has a white or creamy white feathers.
-The bill is orange-yellow while the eyes are leaden blue. The shank and feet are reddish orange.

6.) Tsaiya
-originated from Taiwan, republic of china
- have a small body size
-The original tsaiyas plumage has a varied colors ranging from solid black to pure white.
-An adult drake weights about 2.10 kg while an adult duck weights about 1.80kg
-Can produce 300 eggs or more per start laying at about 150 days old, with fairly large eggs weighing
about 70g each.

THE DIFFERENT QUAIL BREEDS FOUND IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE:

1. Native – Found in the fields and forests; the common “pugo”.
This quail is not suitable for commercial production.

2. Japanese Taiwan – Popularly known as “Chinese Quail”. It has dark brown feathers mixed with white
and gray. The female has a gray underside flecked with darker feathers, while the male has
many reddish feathers on the underside.
3. Japanese Seattle – This is as an American breed similar to the Japanese Taiwan; it has jersey (rust-
maroon) feathers at the base of the heads.
4. Negro – Black or grayish black.
5. Tuxedo – Black with a white spot on the breast.
6. Silver – White with black eyes; from the Canaan Valley, Egypt.
7. Brown Cross No. 1 and No. 2
 Common breed of swine raised in the Philippines

1. Philippine Native pig

-Originated from the wild species Sus celebensis nehring Luzon.
-Pedominantly black with a long face, long snout, short and low set of body conformation, and
erect ears.
-Generally small, prolific, and resistant to parasites and diseases.
-Usually prepared because of their unique taste, low input requirements, and ability to feed on
kitchen refusals.

2.) Berkshire
-Originated from England
-reddish or sandy colored hog, sometimes spotted.
-February 25, 1875, the American Berkshire Association was founded to establish a way of
keeping the Berkshire breed pure. becoming the first swine registry to be established in the
world.

3.) Chester white

-Originated from Pennsylvania USA.
-Prolific.
-The sow has large litters and is noted for being a good mother. The carcass is of quality, lean,
and has large hams and a high dressing percentage.

4.) Duroc
-Originated from USA
-color may range from a very light golden almost yellow color to a very dark red that approaches
mahogany.
-Red is a very practical color that suits pork producers, and since it is a solid color there is no
concerns about fancy points of proper markings.
-Considered a superior breed in terms of growth and feed efficiency.
-It has good muscle quality and is probably most resistant to stress.
- used as a terminal sire for the production of slaughter age.

5.) Hampshire
-Originated from Scotland and Northumberland
-Known as ‘Old English breed”
-Known as “Belted pig” and had a various names including McGee hog, Mckay, Saddleback,
and Ring Middle.
-A black hog with a white belt in heart girt
-Prolific, hardy vigor, foraging ability, and outstanding carcass qualities.
6.) Landrace
-Originated from Denmark
-White hog of long body length.
-square meat, short legs, and medium to large drooping ears.
-They are good mothers, heavy milkers, and produce large litters from 14-18 piglets with very
good growth rate and good food use.

7.) Yorkshire or Large white

-Originated from England
-A white bacon breed.
-have erect ears, slightly dished faces, pink skins, long deep slides and are white in color.

8.) Pietrain
-Originated from pietrain Belgium
-Is a very meaty type of pig with spotted black and white color.
-It has a well-shaped hams, loin and shoulders.
-Ears are erect
-The carcass has high lean meat percentage, but it has a poor body constitution.
-A breed which is highly susceptible to stress.

SWAMP BUFFALO BREEDS

The swamp buffalo, particularly in Asia, is used mainly as a draft animal and for meat production.
It comprises the major buffalo populations in east Asian countries including the Philippines. It has a low
milk yield which is hardly enough to feed buffalo calves. The horns of swamp buffaloes extend outwards
and then curl backwards into a semi-circle.

1.) Philippine Carabao

-Originated from China
-Is a swamp type water buffalo commonly found in other Southeast Asian countries.
-Are primarily used as draft animals and secondly for meat and milk production.
-They are docile temperament and endurance for work.
-Their horns are extended outward from the skull, extending to form a semi-circular curvature
and by two light gray chevrons, one below the line of the lower jaws and another across the
chest.
-The body is short but wide and low set.
River buffaloes
River-type buffaloes account for almost all the world production of buffalo milk and, in some
areas, they are the major source of milk.
-Have curled horns and are widely spread in the western half of asia.
-Mainly raises for the production of milk with high fat content, meat production, and also for
their high draft potential
-The famous breed breeds are:

1.) Bulgarian Murrah

-Is a cross between the most productive Mediterranean buffalo in Bulgaria and the Indian
Murrah during the last three decades.
-Imported by the Philippines in 1995.
-Black color with a delicate head, the horns are curled.
-The neck is long, thin, and with very thin folds. The chest is wide and deep.
-The rump is straight, medium long and wide. The body is long.
-The bones are delicate but strong. The milk veins are well-shaped.
-the udder is well-developed and shaped.

2.) Jafarabadi
-Originated from Gir in Gujarat,India.
-It is named after the city of Jafarabad and is also known as “Bhavanagri,” “Jaffri,” or “Gir”.
-The breed is amber black in color with a white tuft on the tail. The body is massive, the neck is
long and tender, and the head is big and heavy.
-The horns are heavy and wide, sometimes covering the eyes.
-The udder is very well developed with well-shaped long teats. Strongly prominent milk veins
are observed. The tail is thin and long. The bone structure is extremely strong.

3.) Kundi
Origin: Forest areas along the Indus River, rice areas of north Sindhi, and the swampy and rice areas of
Karachi and Hyderabad regions of Pakistan.
-“Kundi” means Fish hook in Sindhi, reffering to the shape of the horns.
-Mostly black in color, but some are light brown.
-Their horns are thick at the bottom, bent backwards and pointed upwards w/ a moderate curve st
the end.

4.) Murrah-means curled

Origin: Northwest of the Indian Continent
-Impoted on 1917
- color black, usually w. a white strip on the tail, this animal is massive, with a compact
conformation, long body, and wide back.
-The horns are shorth, tender, tightly curled with a different extent of curling backward and
forwards. The rump is bent, medium long and very wide. The tail is thin and very long.
5.) Nagpuri
Origin: Central and South India, mainly in the area of Nagpuri.
-This breed is also known as “Ellichpuri”.
-Mostly black in color but there are some individuals with white marks on the forehead and
limbs.
- A distinctive peculiarity of the breed as its long, flat and sickle-shaped horns, pointed
backwards on both sides of the neck, close to the shouldier.

6.) Nili-Ravi
Origin: Valleys of the Sutley and ravi rivers. It is found in the district of Ferozepur in Punjab state.
-Is a cross between the Nili and Ravi breeds.
-Imported by the Philippines in the form of frozen semen in 1983.
- Is a medium-sized, they have an elegant head, bulging at the top and slightly depressed
between the eyes.
-The horns are small and curled
-The necked is thin and with many folds but is shorter but more compact, the chest is wide and
deep.
-The rump is wide, caved and slipping.
-The udder is shaped much better than the Murrah with long, widely parted teats.

7.) Surti
Origin: Kaira and Baroda in Gujarat, India. The word “Surti” originated from the City of Surat.
- Hair color varies from silver gray to rusty brown, the limbs are lighter, and the hide is black or
reddish brown.
-At birth, the color of buffalo calves varies from the light gray to white, subsequently getting
darker and becoming grey as they get older.
-The breed is characterized by two white chevrons on the chest.