Professional Documents
Culture Documents
General Format
All manuscripts must be written in Word (.doc) format or .rtf file with Georgia font type.
The page set-up should be set to A4. Left, right, bottom, top margins of the page are 2 cm,
2 cm, 2.5 cm, and 3.3 cm, respectively. Non-English words should be written in italics.
Abstract must be written in single space but body text must be written in 1.15 space. Please
avoid using footnotes.
ABSTRACT
......................................................................................................................................................
The abstract should be structured under the following headings: Background; Subjects
and Method; Results; Conclusion. No reference citations are allowed in the abstract.
The abstract should be no longer than 300 words.
Background: It is comprised of 2 sentences that state the background rationale for
conducting the study, and a sentence on the aim of the study.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Subjects and Method: This part comprises study design, study site, target population,
sampling technique and size, dependent and independent variables of interest, method or
instrument of variable measurement, as well as method of data analysis.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Results: This part reports principal and important findings from data analysis. For a
quantitative study, statement on findings of an association or effect of variables, or group
difference, must be supported by the relevant summary statistics written in bracket. These
summary statistics include measure of association (effect) or effect size, the interval
estimate i.e. 95% Confidence Interval, and p value. The p value must be reported in three
digit decimal, for example p=0.027. For example: a particular interpretation of an
association (OR= 5.67; CI 95%= 4.44 to 9.23; p=0.027).
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Conclusion: This part contains 1-2 sentences of conclusion. It may include policy
implication of the findings, i.e. the consequence of the findings to the current policy. The
author is not allowed to provide suggestion or recommendation that is beyond his/her
study (e.g. providing recommendation of an intervention based on a study by another
researcher).
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Keywords: The JEPH requires authors to select 3-6 keywords that are deemed to be
effective in identifying the article in most search engines. A phrase should not contain
more than 2 words.
......................................................................................................................................................
Correspondence:
1. Elsa Tursina. Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sebelas
Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email:
elsa090798@gmail.com. Mobile: 085655751077.
2. Fahmi Adhimukti. Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas
Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email:
fahmiadhimukti13@gmail.com. Mobile: 085743155133.
BACKGROUND
Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) didefinisikan World Health Organitation (WHO)
sebagai bayi yang lahir dengan berat badan ≤2.500 gram (5.5lb). Berat badan lahir rendah
sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat secara global dan dikaitkan
dengan sejumlah konsekuensi jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Diperkirakan 15%
hingga 20% dari semua kelahiran di seluruh dunia mengalami BBLR, dimana mewakili
lebih dari 20 juta kelahiran per tahun. Ada variasi yang cukup besar dalam prevalensi
berat badan lahir rendah di seluruh wilayah dan di dalam negara. Namun, sebagian besar
kelahiran dengan berat badan lahir rendah terjadi di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan
menengah, terutama di populasi yang paling rentan.
Hasil survey wilayah menyebutkan prevalensi BBLR di Asia Selatan mencapai 28%,
13% di Afrika sub-Sahara dan 9% di Amerika Latin (WHO, 2014). Sedangkan menurut
UNICEF (2019) prevalensi BBLR di Asia Tenggara mencapai 14,9%. Di Indonesia sendiri
prevalensi BBLR pada tahun 2018 adalah 6,2%, Data ini cenderung menurun apabila
dibandingkan dengan tahun-tahun sebelumnya (Riskesdas, 2018). Namun, hal tersebut
belum mencapai target sasaran global yang menargetkan penurunan prevalensi 2,7% per
tahunnya sampai dengan tahun 2025 (WHO, 2014).
Salah satu parameter kesehatan bayi baru lahir adalah berat badan. Bayi yang lahir
dengan berat badan rendah akan memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk lahir prematur, lahir
dengan gangguan penyakit kuning, dan memiliki skor detak jantung, refleks, tonus otot,
serta pernapasan (APGAR) yang lebih rendah bila dibandingkan dengan bayi yang lahir
dengan berat badan normal. Sedangkan dampak jangka panjang dari BBLR diantaranya
adalah tidak optimalnya tumbuh kembang anak, risiko penyakit jantung hingga
penurunan kecerdasan serta setelah usia dewasa akan beresiko mengalami hipertensi,
penyakit jantung, dan diabetes (Mitao et al, 2016). Selain itu berat badan lahir rendah
menyumbang sebanyak 60-80% dari seluruh kematian neonatus dan memiliki risiko
kematian 20 kali lebih besar dari bayi dengan berat normal (Putri dkk, 2019).
Salah satu faktor yang berkaitan dengan terjadinya berat badan lahir rendah adalah
anemia. Maternal anemia adalah kondisi ibu dengan hemoglobin (Hb) kurang dari 11 g/dl
dalam darah. WHO memperkirakan 40% ibu hamil di seluruh dunia mengalami anemia.
Di negara Indonesia sendiri maternal anemia mencapai 37,1% di tahun 2013 dan
meningkat menjadi 48,9% di tahun 2019 (Riskesdas, 2018).
Apabila ibu hamil mengalami anemia maka akan menyebabkan terjadinya
gangguan metabolisme dan oksigen asiutero-plasenta yang berakibat pertumbuhan janin
terhambat sehingga sangat beresiko terjadi BBLR. Tidak hanya itu ibu yang mengalami
anemia lebih rentan mengalami infeksi, risiko perdarahan sebelum dan selama persalinan.
Dimana hal ini tentu dapat memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap angka kematian,
baik angka kematian maupun angka kematian bayi (Nur, 2018). Adanya pengaruh kuat
antara anemia pada ibu hamil terhadap kejadian BBLR mendorong perlunya informasi
tentang seberapa serius masalah tersebut. Sehingga analisis ini dilakukan untuk
mengetahui risiko anemia ibu hamil pada bayi BBLR di beberapa negara
RESULTS
1. Sample Characteristics
Pencarian artikel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa database jurnal
antara lain Google Scholar, Pubmed, dan Science Direct. Proses review artikel terkait dapat
dilihat pada diagram alir PRISMA pada gambar 1. Pencarian awal artikel penunjang dalam
penelitian ini ditemukan sebanyak … artikel. Kemudian artikel-artikel tersebut dipilah
sesuai topik, subtansi analisi dan full text, sehingga menyisakan … artikel. Dari … artikel
tersebut dipilih yang paling relevan, yaitu sebanyak… artikel. ... artikel yang memenuhi
penilaian kualitas tersebut selanjutnya dimasukkan dalam sintesis kuantitatif
menggunakan meta analisis. Terlihat pada Gambar 2 bahwa artikel penelitian berasal dari
tiga benua, yaitu Amerika (New York, Amerika Serikat, Michigan, Brasil), Eropa (Irlandia,
Swedia, Georgia, Prancis), dan Asia (Indo nesia). Lihat Tabel 1, untuk peneliti melakukan
penilaian terhadap kualitas penelitian dan lihat Tabel 2 menunjukkan bahwa 12 artikel
dari studi kohort memberikan bukti hubungan maternal anemia terhadap kejadian berat
badan lahir rendah.
2. Bivariate Analysis
Contoh: Berdasarkan hasil forest plot, studi kohort menunjukkan bahwa pasien COVID-19
dengan penyakit ginjal kronis komorbid memiliki risiko kematian 4,61 kali dibandingkan
pasien COVID-19 tanpa penyakit ginjal kronis komorbid (aOR = 4,61; 95% CI = 3,30
hingga 6,45), dan hasilnya signifikan secara statistik (p <0.001) Heterogenitas data
penelitian menunjukkan I2 = 86% sehingga sebaran data dinyatakan heterogen (random
effect model). Hasil corong plot menunjukkan bias publikasi dengan efek overestimated
yang ditandai dengan distribusi asimetris antara plot kanan dan kiri. Ada tujuh petak di
sebelah kanan, empat petak di sebelah kiri, dan satu petak menyentuh garis vertikal. Plot
di sisi kanan grafik memiliki kesalahan standar (SE) antara 0 dan 0,8. Plot di sisi kiri
grafik memiliki kesalahan standar (SE) antara 0 dan 0,4.
See Table 2 for bivariate analysis using categorical or dichomous data
See Table 3 for bivariate analysis using continuous data
Taiwan
Cina Jepang
Iran Bangladesh
Colombia India
Tabel 1. Penilaian kualitas studi yang diterbitkan oleh Critical Appraisal Skills
Program (CASP)
Publikasi (Penulis dan Tahun)
Biswas Carpenter Chu Heydarpour
No. Indikator
et al et al et al et al
(2019) (2022) (2020) (2019)
1. Apakah penelitian ini memiliki
1 1 1 1
fokus penelitian yang jelas ?
2. Apakah proses penelitian kohort
1 1 1 1
ditentukan dengan jelas ?
3. Apakah paparan diukur dengan
akurat sehingga meminimalkan bias 1 1 1 1
?
4. Apakah hasil diukur dengan akurat
1 1 1 1
untuk meminimlakn bias ?
5. Apakah penulis mengidentifikasi
faktor perancu yang penting?
Apakah faktor perancu 1 1 1 1
dipertimbangkan dalam desain atau
analisa ?
6. Apakah follow up terhadap subjek
tuntas ? Apakah periode follow up 1 1 1 0
mencukupi ?
7. Apakah hasil penelitian
1 1 1 1
menggunakan AOR ?
8. Apakah hasil penelitian akurat ? 1 1 1 1
9. Apakah anda percaya dengan hasil
1 1 1 1
penelitian ini ?
10. Apakah penelitian ini dapat
1 1 1 1
diaplikasikan pada populasi lokal ?
11. Apakah hasil penelitian ini sesuai
1 1 1 1
dengan evidence yang sudah ada ?
12. Apakah hasil penelitian ini
1 1 1 1
berimplikasi ?
Total 12 12 12 11
Catatan: 1: Ya; 0: Tidak
Tabel 1. Selanjutnya
Sample
Penulis Study P I C O
No Negara Ibu yang Maternal AoR
(Tahun) design Population Intervention Comparation Outcome
Melahirkan Anemia
Ibu postnatal
Tidak BBLR,
Prospective yang Mengalami AOR: 2.11; CI
Biswas et al mengalami Primi
1. India cohort 1976 988 terdaftar dari anemia selama 95%: 1.51 - 2.95
(2019) anemia selama Paritas,
study April 2015 – kehamilan
kehamilan Prematur
Maret 2017
Daftar ibu
Tidak
Carpenter Prospective postnatal Mengalami AOR: 0.96; CI
mengalami
2. et al Bangladesh cohort 1665 114 antara Juli anemia selama BBLR 95% 0.63–1.45;
anemia selama
(2022) study 2019 dan kehamilan p value 0.833
kehamilan
April 2020
BBLR,
Daftar ibu Vaskuloge
Chu Retrospecti postnatal Batas kadar Tidak nesis AOR: 0.88; CI
3. et al Taiwan ve cohort 13026 1795 dari tahun Hb anemia mengalami Fetoplase 95%: 0.69-1.12;
(2020) study 2001 hingga pada wanita anemia nta dan p value: 0.30
2016 Angiogene
sis
BBLR,
Daftar Tidak Kematian
Heydarpour Retrospecti Mengalami AOR: 0.66; CI
kehamilan mengalami neonatal,
4. et al Iran ve cohort 2742 756 anemia selama 95%: 0.46 -
ibu pada anemia selama Prematur,
(2019) study kehamilan 0.93
tahun 2017 kehamilan Kelahiran
sesar
Daftar
kehamilan
Tidak
Jwa Retrospecti antara 34 Mengalami BBLR,
mengalami AOR: 2.0; CI
5. et al Jepang ve cohort 1986 907 dan 41 anemia selama Berat
anemia selama 95%:1.3-3.1
(2015) study minggu pada kehamilan Plasenta
kehamilan
tahun 2010
dan 2011
Tabel 2. Selanjutnya
Sample
Penulis Study P I C O
No Negara Ibu yang Maternal AoR
(Tahun) design Population Intervention Comparation Outcome
Melahirkan Anemia
Daftar
kehamilan di Mengalami Tidak
Masukume Prospective BBLR, AOR: 1.31;CI
New Zealand, anemia mengalami
6. et al Cina cohort 5609 125 Berat 95%: 0.62-2.76;
Australia, (hemoglobin anemia selama
(2015) study Plasenta p value 0.485
England and <11g/dL) kehamilan
Ireland
Daftar Ibu Tidak PPH,
Retrospecti Mengalami
Nair et al hamil dari mengalami BBLR, AOR:6,19; CI
7. India ve cohort 1007 651 anemia selama
(2016) Januari- anemia selama Kematian 95%: 1,44-26,71
study kehamilan
Juni 2015 kehamilan Pernatal
Ibu hamil
Mengalami
yang Tidak
Prospective anemia selama
Puerto et al melahirkan mengalami AOR:0.48 ; CI
8. Colombia cohort 1218 930 kehamilan dan BBLR
(2021) tahun 2021 anemia dan 95%: 0.28 -0.82
study Ferritin yang
berusia 18-42 ferritin normal
rendah
tahun
Daftar ibu
Retrospecti Mengalami
postnatal Tidak
ve anemia selama
Sun et al sejak mengalami BBLR, AOR: 0.74; CI
9. Cina longitudina 46578 7555 kehamilan dan
(2021) 1 Januari anemia selama Prematur 95%: 0.63–0.88
l cohort Ferritin yang
2016 - 1 Juli kehamilan
study rendah
2019
Gambar 3. Forest Plot Pengaruh Maternal Anemia Terhadap BBLR
3. Multivariate analysis
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Example:
See Table 4 for multiple linear regression
See Table 5 for multiple logistic regression
See Table 6 for path analysis
See Table 7 for multilevel analysis
Use dot (period), instead of comma, to express decimal. All research statistics, except p
value, must be written two decimals behind the period dot. For example, mean blood
pressure 125.70 mmHg., SD 40.55 mmHg. All measures of association must be written in
two decimals behind the period dot. For example, OR= 3.84, or b= -2.56, or r= 0.44.
The p value must be written in 3 decimals behind the dot period. For example, p= 0.007,
or p=0.020. If the p value is very small, for example 0.00003, then write it as p<0.001.
The author is not allowed to write the p value as p<0.05 or p≥0.05. The author is not
allowed to report the results of statistical test as Ho accepted or Ho rejected. Instead,
report statistical significance of an asssociation, effect, or group difference in terms of p-
value.
Example:
Income was negatively associated with patients satisfaction and it was statistically
significant. High income decreased patients satisfaction (b= -1.32; 95% CI= -2.25 to -0.38;
p= 0.006).
After getting lactapunture massage for 7 consecutive days, breast milk production in
intervention group was higher (mean= 9.36; SD= 0.71) than in control group (mean= 7.39;
SD= 0.23) and it was statistically significant (p<0.001).
DISCUSSION
This part contains a discussion that relates and compares the current study results with
theory that is used by the author to address the research question, as well the results of
previous relevant studies. The discussion ends with a paragraph stating the limitations of
the study, conclusion, and policy implication. Please note that the “conclusion” is not
placed in a separate section, but is written as a paragraph at the end of discussion. The
author may add some recommendation, but bear in mind it should be based on the finding
of the author’s current study, not someone else study.
Please use Harvard citation style with Mendeley reference manager.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Should be included at the end of the text and not in footnotes. Personal acknowledgements
should precede those of institutions or agencies; include any grant numbers where
appropriate.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Association with a sponsor or potential conflict of interest, if any, it must be declared here.
If there are none, it should be written as “There are no conflicts of interest” or “The authors
declare that the study was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial
relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest”.
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
REFERENCE
We expect papers submitted to JEPH to meet standards of research reporting to
international standards. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the references.
References must be cited as Harvard style using Mendeley reference manager.
The JEPH suggests references consist of minimum 20 references including, at least 80%
journal primary articles and at most 20% secondary book. All articles and books should not
exceed 10 years of age.
Author of an article does not necessarily a person. It can also an organization (e.g.
WHO, CDC).
The sequence for a standard article is: author(s); year; title; journal; volume; issue/
number; first and last page numbers; and doi (if available). Reference needs not be written
in italics.
Example:
Demirel H, Arlı C, Özgür T, İnci M, Dokuyucu R (2018). The role of topical Thymoquinone
in the treatment of acute otitis externa; an experimental study in rats. J Int Adv Otol.
14(2): 285-289. doi: 10.5152/iao.2017.4213.
If there are more than 7 co-authors, only seven authors are mentioned while the rest is
represented by et al.
Example:
Iida M, Banno K, Yanokura M, Nakamura K, Adachi M, Nogami Y, Umene K, et al. (2014).
Candidate biomarkers for cervical cancer treatment: Potential for clinical practice
(Review). 2(5): 647-655. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2014.324.
The sequence for a book or other publication is: author(s); year; editor(s) or compiler(s);
title; edition number; place of publication; publisher's name.
Example:
Fletcher RH, Fletcher SW (2005). Clinical epidemiology. The essentials. Fourth Edition.
Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
The author must provide title of the figure at the bottom of the figure, and provide title of
the table on its top row. Define all symbols and abbreviations used in the figure/ table. All
illustrations (line drawings and photographs) should be referred to in the text as Figure 1,
etc.,
Example for table with continous data:
Table 1. Sample characteristics (continous data)
Variables Mean SD Min. Max.
1. Age of the children (months) 40.94 10.32 23 60
2. Children current height (cm) 93.52 6.84 78.3 115.1
3. Height for age (HAZ) -1.20 1.21 -3.77 1.90
4. Maternal age (years) 25.19 4.49 17 35
5. Maternal MUAC (cm) 24.66 2.01 20.0 30.0
6. Birth length (cm) 48.39 1.81 45.0 52.0