CERTC Refresher Exam 1 Sciences

1. How much heat is needed to change 250 g of ice at 0 oC to water 16. Air at pressure of 14.7 psia is pumped into a tank whose volume
at 0oC? is 40.5 ft3. What volume of air must be pumped in to make the
A. 20 kcal * C. 24 kcal gage reads 55.3 psi. if the temperature is raised from 70 to
B. 22 kcal D. 26 kcal 80F in the process?
2. How many calories are needed to raise the temperature of 300 g A. 189.3 ft3* C. 168.75 ft3
of aluminum 50oC? Specific heat of aluminum = 0.214 cal/goC B. 133.3 ft3 D. 175.86 ft3
C. 2.32 x 103 C. 1.63 x 103 17. A cylindrical water tank is 5 m in diameter and 10 m high. If the
D. 3.21 x 103 * D. 1.21 x 103 tank is to be completely filled, determine the minimum thickness
3. Helium (R = 0.4968 BTU/lbm- F ) is compressed isothermally of the tank plating if the stress is limited to 44 MPa.
A. 2.25 mm C. 5.57 mm*
from 14.7 psia and 68F . The compression ratio is 4. Calculate
B. 3.25 mm D. 4.57 mm
the work done by the gas.
A. -1454 BTU/lbm C. 46.7 BTU/lbm 18. What is the force required to punch a 20 mm circular hole
B. -364 BTU/lbm* D. 363 BTU/lbm through a plate of 25 mm thick steel? Ultimate shear strength of
the plate is 350 MPa.
4. The state of an ideal gas is changed in a steady-state open A. 549.8 kN* C. 358.9 kN
process from 400 kPa and 1.2 m3 to 300 kPa and 1.5 m3. The B. 458.9 kN D. 649.8 kN
relationship between pressure and volume during the process is
pV1.3 = constant. What work is performed? 19. A welded steel cylindrical drum made of a 10-mm plate has an
A. 9030 kJ C. 1210 kJ internal diameter of 1.20 m. Compute the change in diameter
B. 930 kJ D. 130 kJ* that would be caused by an internal pressure of 1.4 MPa.
Assume that Poisson’s ratio is 0.30 and E = 200 GPa.
5. A spherical helium balloon at STP has a diameter of 10 m. what A. 0.428 mm* C. 1.549 mm
is its lifting power? Given B. 0.549 mm D. 1.495 mm
Rair = 287.03 J/kg-K, RHe = 2077.03 J/kg-K .
20. What torque should be applied to the end of the hallow steel
A. 4.72 kN C. 6.72 kN shaft 1m long having inside and outside diameter of 300 mm and
B. 5.72 kN* D. 3.72 kN 50 mm respectively in order to produce a twist of 1.5 degrees?
6. Air at pressure of 14.7 psia is pumped into a tank whose volume Use G = 80 GPa for shear modulus of steel.
is 40.5 ft3. What volume of air must be pumped in to make the A. 420 N-m C. 830 N-m
gage reads 55.3 psi. if the temperature is raised from 70 to B. 560 N-m D. 1,110 N-m*
80F in the process? 21. A cylindrical steel shaft 100 mm in diameter and 2 m long
A. 189.3 ft3* C. 168.75 ft3 subjected to a tensile load of 25 kN, with poisson ration of 0.25.
B. 133.3 ft3 D. 175.86 ft3 what is the change in volume of this shaft? Take Modulus of
elasticity 200 GPa.
7. The combustion process occurring after top dead center of a
A. 0.375 cu. cm C. -0.125 cu. cm*
piston engine behaves polytropically with n = -1.2. At the start of
B. 0.0375 cu. cm D. 0.0125 cu. cm
the process the volume is 0.02 ft3, the pressure is 200 psia, and
the temperature is 1600 F . Find the work done if final volume is 22. A solid aluminum shaft of 100-mm diameter fits concentrically in
0.028 ft3. a hollow steel tube. Determine the minimum internal diameter of
A. 254.02 ft-lbf C. 287.07 ft-lbf* the steel tube so that the contact pressure exist when the
B. 303.05 ft-lbf D. 414.01 ft-lbf aluminum shaft carries an axial compresive load of 750 kN.
Assume Poisson’s ratio of 0.30 and modulus of elasticity of
8. Isentropic compression of 1 ft3 of air, Cp/Cv = 1.40, at 20 psia to aluminum to be 70 GPa.
a pressure of 100 psia gives a final volume. A. 100.04093 mm* C. 100.00493 mm
A. 0.32 ft3* C. 0.20 ft3 B. 100.09430 mm D. 100.00934 mm
B. 0.16 ft3 D. 0.40 ft3
23. Determine the maximum shearing stress in a helical steel spring
9. Twenty grams of oxygen gas (O2) are compressed at a constant composed of 20 turns of 20 mm diameter wire on a mean radius
temperature 30 °C to 5% of their original volume. What work is of 80 mm when the spring is supporting a load of 2 kN.
done on the system? A. 370 MPa C. 121 MPa*
A. 2141 cal C. 1241 cal B. 429 MPa D. 529 MPa
B. 1124 cal* D. 2114 cal
24. Given normal stress of 90 MPa, modulus of rigidity 20 GPa, with
10. In an isentropic compression P1= 100 psia, 200 psia, V1= 10 m3, a given length of 10 m, and deformation of 0.0025 m. Find the
and y = 1.4. Find the V2. modulus of resilience.
A. 6.950 in3 C. 6.059 in3 A. 25 MPa C. 15 MPa
3
B. 6.095 in * D. 6.590 in3 B. 10 MPa D. 2.5 MPa*
11. What work is done in compressing 1 lbm of air originally at STP 25. At a temperature of 80 C , a steel tire 10 mm thick and 90 mm
(32 F , 14.7 psia) to one-half of its original volume in an wide that is to be shrunk onto a locomotive driving wheel 2 m in
isothermal process? diameter just fits over the wheel, which is at a temperature of 25
A. -59 BTU C. 860 BTU C . Determine the contact pressure between the tire and wheel
B. 241 BTU D. -23.38 BTU
after the assembly cools to 25 C . Neglect the deformation of
12. The specific gas constant of constant of oxgen is R = 0.25983 the wheel caused by the pressure of the tire. Assume
kJ/kg-K. If a 2 m3 tank contains 40 kg of oxygen at 40 C , what is  = 11.7 m/ ( m.C ) and E = 200 GPa .
the gage pressure in the tank?
A. 1.53 MPa* C. 0.11 MPa A. 1.445 MPa C. 2.544 MPa
B. 0.16 MPa D. 0.061 MPa B. 1.287 MPa* D. 2.044 MPa

13. Helium (R = 0.4968 BTU/lbm- F ) is compressed isothermally 26. A solid steel shaft 5 m long with diameter of 0.104 m is stressed
from 14.7 psia and 68F . The compression ratio is 4. Calculate to 60 MPa when twisted through 4  . Determine the power that
can be transmitted by the shaft at 20 rad/sec.
the work done by the gas.
A. 2.75 HP C. 1.66 MW*
A. -1454 BTU/lbm C. 46.7 BTU/lbm
B. 4.70 W D. 6.50 kW
B. -364 BTU/lbm* D. 363 BTU/lbm
27. A stepped steel shaft consists of a hallow shaft 2 m long, with an
14. The state of an ideal gas is changed in a steady-state open
outside diameter of 100 mm and an inside diameter of 70 mm
process from 400 kPa and 1.2 m3 to 300 kPa and 1.5 m3. The
rigidly attached to a solid shaft 1.5 m long, and 70 mm in
relationship between pressure and volume during the process is
diameter. Determine the maximum torque that can be applied
pV1.3 = constant. What work is performed?
without exceeding a shearing stress of 70 MN/m2 or a twist of 2.5
C. 9030 kJ C. 1210 kJ
deg. in the 3.5 m length. Use: G = 83 MN/m2.
D. 930 kJ D. 130 kJ*
A. 4.00 kN-m* C. 5.25 MN-m
15. A spherical helium balloon at STP has a diameter of 10 m. what
B. 1.06 kN-m D. 7.45 GN-m
is its lifting power? Given
Rair = 287.03 J/kg-K, RHe = 2077.03 J/kg-K . 28. Calculate the volume occupied by 0.750 mol of O 2 at STP.
A. 15.6 L C. 16.8 L*
A. 4.72 kN C. 6.72 kN B. 22.4 L D. 32.4 L
B. 5.72 kN* D. 3.72 kN

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 CERTC Refresher Exam 1 Sciences

29. A 14-ft long simple beam is uniformly loaded with 200 lbf/ft over 44. A steel rod having a cross-sectional area of 300mm2 and
its entire length. If the beam is 3.625 in wide and 7.625 in deep, length of 150 m is suspended vertically from one end .It
what is the maximum bending stress? supports a load of 20 kN at the lower end. If the unit mass of
A. 1.764 psi C. 1.674 psi* steel is 7850 kg/m3 and E=200 GPa, find the total elongation
B. 1.476 psi D. 1.467 psi of the rod.

( )
30. A 30-in-long rod E = 3  107 lbf/in2,  = 6  10−6 in/in-F with a
A. 33.45 mm
B. 54.33 mm
C. 53.44 mm
D. 35.44 mm
2
2-in cross section is fixed at both ends. If the rod is heated to 60 45. A 20g piece of aluminum (c=0.21 cal/gm oC) at 90oC is
F above the neutral temperature, what is the stress? dropped into a cavity in a large block of ice at 0oC. How
A. 109 lbf/in2 C. 36,000 lbf/in2 much ice does the aluminum melt?
2
B. 10,800 lbf/in * D. 57,070 lbf/in2 A. 7.4 g C. 3.5 g
B. 4.7 g D. 6.4 g
31. Given that 3.50 moles of NH3 occupy 5.20 L at 47 C . Calculate
the pressure of the gas (in atm) using the ideal gas equation. 46. Three kilomoles (6.0 kg) of hydrogen gas at S.T.P. expands
A. 16.6 atm C. 17.7 atm* isobarically to twice its volume. What is the final temperature
B. 15.5 atm D. 18.8 atm of the gas?
A. 340 K C. 546 K
32. The wall thickness of a 4-ft-diameter spherical tank is 5/6 inch. B. 260 K D. 467 K
Calculate the allowable internal pressure if the stress is limited to
8000 psi. 47. A spring supports a load of 2,000 N. It is composed of 20 turns
A. 208.33 psi* C. 107.22 psi of 20-mm diameter wire on a mean radius of 80 mm. G = 83
B. 328.11 psi D. 422.13 psi GPa. Determine the maximum shearing stress of the spring.
A. 121 MPa * C. 132 MPa
33. Calculate the minimum wall thickness for a cylindrical vessel that B. 155 MPa D. 147 Mpa
is to carry a gas at a pressure of 1400 psi. The diameter of the 48. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 600F at sea level, what is the
vessel is 2 ft, and the stress is limited to 12 ksi. pressure at 12,000 ft altitude, air is incompressible? Note the
A. 2.1 in C. 1.1 in density of air at 60 deg. F is 0.0763 lb//ft3 at 14.7 psia.
B. 1.4 in* D. 0.57 in A. 0.321 psia C. 0.622 psia
34. A steel wire 30 ft long, hanging vertically, supports a load of 500 B. 8.342psia * D. 0.933 psia
lb. Neglecting the weight of the wire, determine the required 49. When 2.00 lb of brass at 212oF is dropped into 5.00 lb of water
diameter if the stress is not to exceed 20 ksi and the total at 35.0oF, the resulting temperature is 41.2oF. Find the specific
elongation is not to exceed 0.20 in. Assume E = 29 × 106 psi. heat of brass in BTU/lb-oF. Specific heat capacity of water is 1
A. 0.1988 in* C. 0.1522 in BTU/lb-oF.
B. 0.1784 in D. 0.1655 in A. 0.091* C. 0.045
35. Nitrogen is expanded isentropically. Its temperature changes B. 0.023 D. 0.071
from 620 oF to 60 oF. The volumetric ratio is V2/V1 = 6.22, and 50. An engine delivers 140 hp at 800 rpm to an 8-ft solid-iron drive
the value of R for nitrogen is 0.0787 BTU/lbm- oR. What is the shaft 2 inches in diameter. Find the angle of twist in the drive
work done by the gas? shaft. Assume that G = 10 x 106 lb/in2.
A. -1112.7 BTU/lbm C. 0 BTU/lbm A. 2.18o C. 5.13o
B. -99.22 BTU/lbm D. 99.22 BTU/lbm* B. 3.86o * D. 4.29o
36. A steel bar, 20 feet long, cross sectional area of 2 in2 51. How much air (in cu. ft) at the sea-level atmospheric pressure of
supports a load of 4,000 pounds. How much is the bar 15 lb/in2 can be stored in the 12 ft3 tank of an air compressor
stretched? Use modulus of elasticity of steel = 29 x 106 lb/in2 which can withstand an absolute pressure of 100 lb/in2?
A. 0.0013 in C. 0.017 in * A. 80 * C. 84
B. 0.0017 in D. 0.013 in B. 82 D. 88
37. How much heat is necessary to raise the temperature of 800 52. A sample of gas occupies a volume of 10.0 mL at 60oC and 567
g of ethyl alcohol from 15oC to 75oC? Use specific heat mm Hg. What volume would this gas occupy at STP?
capacity of ethyl alcohol = 2.5 x 103 J/kg-oC A. 4.13 mL C. 6.12 mL *
A. 1.2 x 105 J * C. 1.2 x 104 J B. 3.18 mL D. 5.18 mL
B. 1.2 x 108 J D. 1.2 x 103 J 53. Calculate the number of moles of gas in a sample occupying 245 mL
at 409 torr at 38OC.
38. The volume of a gas under standard atmospheric pressure is
A. 0.00516 mol* C. 0.05160 mol
150 in3. What is the volume when the pressure is 70 cm of B. 0.65101 mol D. 0.00561 mol
Hg if the temperature is unchanged?
A. 31.5in3 C. 118in3 54. On a space station, a 10 L steel drum of oxygen gas at 25 OC and
B. 163 in3 * D. 33.2in3 101.3 kPa pressure springs a leak, and 8 g of gas escapes before
the leak is plugged. What is the final pressure of the oxygen in the
39. What is the corresponding reading in the Celsius scale for a drum at 25OC?
temperature of 150oF? A. 50.6 kPa C. 26.7 kPa
A. 212.4°C C. 51.33°C B. 39.4 kPa* D. 49.5 kPa
B. 65.6°C * D. 238°C
55. For nitrogen gas, cv=740J/kg  K. Find its specific heat at
40. Five hundred kcal of heat is added to 2 kg of water at 800C. constant pressure. (The molecular mass of nitrogen gas is 28.0
How much steam is produced? kg/kmol)
A. 0.78 kg C. 0.92 kg A. 456J/kg  K C. 78J/kg  K
B. 0.67 kg D. 0.85 kg * B. 1040J/kg  K* D. 89J/kg  K
41. A pressure gage measures 50 kPa vacuum in a system. What is
the absolute pressure if the atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa? 56. Twenty cubic centimeters of monatomic gas at 12oC and 100
A. 101,500 Pa C. 51,000 Pa * kPa is suddenly (and adiabatically) compressed to 0.50 cm 3.
B. 50,000 Pa D. 151,000 Pa What is the new pressure of the gas?
42. A steel wire of constant cross section is suspended vertically A. 47 Mpa* C. 60 Mpa
from one end supporting only its own weight. It has a cross- B. 200 kPa D. 120 kPa
sectional area 0.01 m2, and length of 2 m and a density of 7850 57. A helical spring is made by wrapping steel wire 20 mm in diameter
kg/m3. Determine the maximum stress in the wire. around a forming cylinder 150 mm in diameter. Compute the number
A. 154 kPa * C. 148 kPa of turns required to permit an elongation of 100 mm without
B. 136 kPa D. 128 kPa exceeding a shearing stress of 140 MPa. Use G=83 GPa.
A. 15.43 turns C. 18.24 turns
43. Determine the maximum torque that can be applied to a B. 13.83 turns* D. 12.36 turns
hollow circular steel shaft of 100-mm outside diameter and
58. What is the minimum diameter of a solid steel shaft that will not twist
70-mm inside diameter without exceeding a shearing stress
through more than 3o in a 6-m length when subjected to a torque of
of 60 MPa or a twist of 0.5 deg/m. Use G=83 GPa. 14 kN-m? Use G=83 GN/m2.
A. 4,648 N-m C. 5,403 N-m A. 118 mm* C. 122 mm
B. 3,742 N-m D. 6,263 N-m B. 145 mm D. 113 mm

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 CERTC Refresher Exam 1 Sciences

59. Determine the length of the shortest 2-mm diameter bronze wire 78. Which of the following is a measure of disorder?
which can be twisted through two complete turns without exceeding A. enthalpy C. entropy*
a shearing stress of 70 MPa. Use G=35 GPa. B. energy D. inertia
A. 6280 mm* C. 1280 mm
79. The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of
B. 3420 mm D. 1658 mm
water at 15oC by 1oC is defined as:
60. Determine the maximum torque that can be applied to a hollow A. 1 calorie* C. 1 Btu
circular steel shaft of 100-mm outside diameter and 70-mm inside B. 1 joule D. 1 pound
diameter without exceeding a shearing stress of 60 MPa or a twist of
80. The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of the density of a
0.5 deg/m. Use G=83 GPa.
substance to the density of water at what temperature?
A. 4,648 N-m C. 5,403 N-m*
A. 2oC C. 6oC
B. 3,742 N-m D. 6,263 N-m
B. 4oC* D. 5oC
61. A simple beam having a span of 6 m has a weight of 20kN/m. It
81. A closed system is also known as :
carries a concentrated load of 20kN at the left end and 40 kN at 2m
A. control volume C. control mass*
from the right end of the beam. If it is supported at 2m from the left
B. isolated system D. control surface
end and at the right end, compute the reaction at the right end of the
beam. 82. Who coined the term energy in 1807?
A. 20 kN C. 40 kN* A. William Thomson C. Thomas Young*
B. 30 kN D. 50 kN B. Lord Kelvin D. J.J. Thompson
62. The steel tower of a suspension bridge is to stand exactly 150 m 83. Determine the stress set up in the rails of tramway when the
high under an axial compressive load of 200 MN. The upper 50 temperature rises from 0F to 50F. The rails are welded
m has a cross sectional area A1 = 106 mm2 and the remainder together so that there are no clearances and are laid so that they
has a cross-sectional area A2 = 1.25 x 106 mm2. If the modulus cannot expand. For steel assume the coefficient of linear
of elasticity of the material is 200 GPa, what must be the expansion 6.5 x 10-6 /F and E = 20 x 10 10 N/m2 .
appropriate unloaded height H of the tower? Neglect the self- A. 54 Mpa C. 20 Mpa
weight of the tower. B. 65 Mpa* D. 40 Mpa
A. 150.45 m C. 150.13 m *
B. 150.67 m D. 150.23 m 84. An aluminum rod is hanging from one end. The rod is 1 m long
and has a square cross-section 20 mm by 20 mm. Find the total
63. Two moles of an ideal gas are compressed slowly and extension of the rod resulting from its own weight. Take E = 70
isothermally from a volume of 4.0 to 1.0 ft3 at a temperature of GPa and the unit weight = 27 kN/m3
300K. How much work is done? A. 0.2850 m C. 0.3471 m
A. 6,900 J * C. 6,700 J B. 0.1929 m * D. 0.4120 m
B. 6,800 J D. 6,600 J
85. The shaft of a motor rotates at 1800 r/min. Through how many
64. Calculate the heat capacity (in J/g oC) of a metal if 157 J raises radians does it turn in 18 s?
the temperature of a 53.1-g sample of the metal from 15.7oC to A. 3089 rad C. 3402 rad *
21.8oC. B. 2870 rad D. 2590 rad
A. 0.48 * C. 0.34
B. 0.56 D. 0.68 86. A steel cylindrical pressure vessel is subjected to a pressure of
21 MPa. Its outer diameter is 4.6 m and its wall thickness is 200
65. What is true about the polytropic exponent, n, for a perfect gas mm. What is the maximum principal stress in this vessel?
undergoing an isobaric process? A. 221 MPa * C. 362 MPa
A. n =1 C. n = 0*
B. n < 0 D. n = infinity B. 183 MPa D. 432 MPa

66. A process during which the entropy remains constant is called: 87. A wire 8 ft long with a cross-sectional area of 0.01 in2 stretches
A. isentropic process* C. polytropic process
by 0.05 in. when a weight of 100 lb is suspended from it. Find
B. throttling process D. endothermic process
the stress on the wire, the resulting strain, and the value of
67. During actual expansion and compression processes of gases, Young’s modulus for the wire’s material.
pressure and volume are often related by PVn = C, where n and C A. 1.84 x 107 psi C. 1.92 x 107 psi *
are constants. A process of this kind is called: B. 1.63 x 107 psi D. 1.73 x 107 psi
A. isentropic C. isothermal
B. polytropic* D. adiabatic 88. An engine delivers 140 hp at 800 rpm to an 8-ft solid-iron drive
shaft 2 inches in diameter. Find the angle of twist in the drive
68. It is a measure of the energy that is no longer available to perform shaft. Assume that S = 10 x 106 lb/in2.
useful work within the current environment.
A. 2.18o C. 5.13o
A. absolute entropy* C. internal energy
B. 3.86o * D. 4.29o
B. enthalpy D. thermal energy
69. The energy that changes the phase of the substance 89. A spring supports a load of 2,000 N. It is composed of 20 turns
A. latent heat* C. sensible heat of 20-mm diameter wire on a mean radius of 80 mm. G = 83
B. mechanical heat D. internal energy GPa. Determine the maximum shearing stress of the spring.
A. 121 MPa * C. 132 MPa
70. Everything external to the system is defined as: B. 155 MPa D. 147 MPa
A. surroundings C. environment
B. universe D. All of these* 90. Which of the following does not change with change in
71. The entropy of a pure substance at absolute zero temperature is temperature?
A. infinity C. undefined A. volume C. mass*
B. zero* D. unity B. pressure D. density
72. Direct change from gas to solid without passing the liquid state 91. How much heat is required to convert 12.0 g of ice at –
A. sublimation C. deposition* 10.0oC to steam at 100oC Cice = 2100 J / kg-K , Lf = 3.34 x
B. condensation D. evaporation 105 J / kg-K Lv = 2.26 x 106 J / kg-K
73. Properties that are independent of the amount of substance present A. 452.35 J C. 0.258 BTU
are called B. 8.698 kcal D. 100 BTU
A. intensive * C. extensive
B. intrinsic D. extrinsic 92. Another term for modulus of elasticity in shear.
A. Young’s modulus C. Modulus of rigidity
74. The absolute zero in Fahrenheit scale is B. Bulk modulus D. Deformation
A. 273.59 C. 0
B. 32 D. -459.67* 93. The ratio of the volume stress to the volume strain is called
75. Pressure below atmospheric is called the coefficient of volume elasticity or
A. gage C. vacuum pressure* A. Bulk modulus C. Poisson’s ratio
B. absolute D. actual B. Young’s modulus D. G
76. The area beneath the expansion curve on a P-V diagram represents 94. The reciprocal of Bulk Modulus of any fluid is called:
A. heat transfer C. temperature change A. Volume strain C. Shape elasticity
B. work done* D. entropy B. Volume stress D. Compressibility
77. A process that is carried out at constant pressure is called: --------------------------------God Bless--------------------------------------
A. isothermal C. isobaric*
B. isovolumic D. adiabatic

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