Unit Understand Personality Development

Module Understanding Personality Development

Professional Development and Applied Page |1
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

INFORMATION SHEET PR-2.1-1

“Personality Development”
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
1. Demonstrate the importance of personality enhancement.
2. Identify the five aspects of personality.
3. Know and differentiate the dimension of theories of Freud and Erickson

Dimension of Theories of Freud and Erickson

1. Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) believed that personality develops during early childhood. For
Freud, childhood experiences shape our personalities and behaviour as adults. Freud viewed
development as discontinuous; he believed that each of us must pass through a serious of stages during
childhood, and that if we lack proper nurturance and parenting during a stage, we may become stuck, or
fixated, in that stage. Freud’s stages are called the stages of psychosexual development.

2. Psychosocial Theory of Development

Erik Erikson (1902–1994), another stage theorist, took Freud’s theory and modified it as psychosocial
theory. Erikson’s psychosocial development theory emphasizes the social nature of our development
rather than its sexual nature. While Freud believed that personality is shaped only in childhood, Erikson
proposed that personality development takes place all through the lifespan. Erikson suggested that how
we interact with others is what affects our sense of self, or what he called the ego identity.

Comparing Erikson's vs Freud's Theories

Let's compare and contrast these two theories by looking at some of the key similarities and
differences at each stage.

STAGES FREUD'S THEORY ERIKSON'S THEORY

The first stage of psychosexual
development is known as the oral
stage. At this point in development,
a child's primary source of pleasure
• Birth to 1 Year is through the mouth via sucking,
eating, and tasting.
PREPARED BY:
MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS
Subject Teacher
Trust vs. mistrust is the first stage
in Erik Erikson's theory of
psychosocial development.
During this stage, children learn
to either trust or mistrust their
caregivers. The care that adults
provide determines whether
children develop this sense of
trust in the world around them.
APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:
MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |2
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

The second stage of psychosexual Autonomy versus shame and

development is known as the anal
stage. In this stage, children gain a
sense of mastery and competence
• Ages 1 to 3 Years by controlling bladder and bowel
movements.
doubt is the second stage of
psychosocial development.
During this stage, children
become more mobile. They
develop self-sufficiency by
controlling activities such as
eating, toilet training, and talking.

The third stage of psychosexual Erikson's third stage of

development is known as the phallic
stage. In this stage, the libido's
energy is focused on the genitals.
Children become aware of their
anatomical sex differences which
• Ages 3 to 6 Years leads boys to experience the
Oedipus complex while girls
experience the Electra complex.
By the end of this stage, they begin
to identify with their same-sex
parent.
psychosocial development is the
initiative versus guilt stage. In this
stage, children begin to take
more control over their
environment. They begin to
interact with other children and
develop their interpersonal skills.

The fourth stage of psychosexual Industry versus inferiority is the

development is known as the latent second stage of psychosocial
period. In this stage, the libido's development. Children develop a
• Ages 7 to 11 Years energy is suppressed and children sense of competence by
focus more on other activities such mastering new skills, like writing
as school, friends, and hobbies. and reading on their own

The fifth stage of psychosexual The fifth stage of Erikson's theory

development is known as the genital of psychosocial development is
stage. It is the time when the identity versus role confusion
adolescents begin to explore stage. It occurs during
romantic relationships. According to adolescence, from about 12 to 18
Freud, the goal of this stage is to years. During this stage,
• Adolescence
develop a sense of balance between adolescents develop a personal
all the areas of life. identity and a sense of self. Teens
explore different roles, attitudes,
and identities as they develop a
sense of self.

Freud's theory largely focuses on the Erikson, on the other hand, took
• Adulthood period between birth and a lifespan approach, believing
adolescence, implying that that development continues even
PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:
MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |3
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

personality is largely set in stone by in old age. His theory includes the
early childhood. According to Freud, three additional stages that span
the genital stage lasts throughout adulthood:
adulthood. The goal is to develop a
balance between all areas of life. 1. Intimacy vs. Isolation:
Young adults seek out
romantic love and
companionship.

2. Generativity vs.
Stagnation: Middle-aged
adults nurture others and
contribute to society.

3. Integrity vs. Despair:

Older adults reflect on
their lives, looking back
with a sense of fulfillment
or bitterness.

Significance of Personality Development

• Personality development grooms an individual and helps him make a mark of his/her own.

• Personality development goes a long way in reducing stress and conflicts.

• Personality development helps you develop a positive attitude in life.

• Personality development plays an essential role not only in an individual’s professional but also
personal lives.

• Personality development helps an individual to inculcate positive qualities like punctuality,

flexible attitude, willingness to learn, friendly nature, eagerness to help others and so on.

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |4
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

What Are the Big Five Dimensions of Personality?

Today, many researchers believe that they are five core personality traits. Evidence of this
theory has been growing for many years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949) and later
expanded upon by other researchers including Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and
McCrae & Costa (1987). The "big five" are broad categories of personality traits. These five categories
are usually described as follows.

Reference:
• https://www.verywellmind.com/freud-and-erikson-compared-2795959
• https://www.managementstudyguide.com/importance-of-personality-development.htm

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |5
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

SELF-CHECK PR-2.1.1
“Personality Development”

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1. What Are the Big Five Dimensions of Personality? _____________________________________

2. _________________________ believed that personality develops during early childhood. For

Freud, childhood experiences shape our personalities and behavior as adults.

3. ___________________________ , another stage theorist, took Freud’s theory and modified it

as psychosocial theory.

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |6
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

SELF-CHECK ANSWER KEY PR-2.1.1

“Personality Development”

1. Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

2. Sigmund Freud

3. Erik Erikson

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |7
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

STUDENT NAME: __________________________________ SECTION: __________________

WRITTEN WORK PR-2.1.1

WRITTEN WORK TITLE: Personality Development

WRITTEN TASK OBJECTIVE: After completing this written work you’ll be able to understand
personality development.
IDENTIFICATION: Use the space provided below to answer the following question.

__________________________ 1. He believed that each of us must pass through a serious of stages

during childhood, and that if we lack proper nurturance and parenting during a stage, we may become
stuck, or fixated, in that stage. His stages are called the stages of psychosexual development.

__________________________ 2. His psychosocial development theory emphasizes the social nature

of our development rather than its sexual nature.

__________________________ 3. The stage wherein young adults seek out romantic love and
companionship.
__________________________ 4. The stage wherein older adults reflect on their lives, looking back
with a sense of fulfillment or bitterness.

__________________________ 5. They are the middle-aged adults nurture others and contribute to
society.
__________________________ 6. At this point in development, a child's primary source of pleasure
is through the mouth via sucking, eating, and tasting.

__________________________ 7. During this stage, children become more mobile. They develop
self-sufficiency by controlling activities such as eating, toilet training, and talking.

__________________________ 8. In this stage, the libido's energy is focused on the genitals.

Children become aware of their anatomical sex differences.

__________________________ 9. The second stage of psychosocial development wherein children

develop a sense of competence by mastering new skills, like writing and reading on their own

__________________________ 10. It is the time when adolescents begin to explore romantic

relationships. According to Freud, the goal of this stage is to develop a sense of balance between all
the areas of life.

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |8
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:

1. Differentiate Psychosocial vs. Psychosexual Stages.

____________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

2. Whose theory is more accurate, is it Freud's theory or Erikson's theory? Explain why.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

ASSESSMENT METHOD: WRITTEN WORK CRITERIA CHECKLIST

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director
 Unit Understand Personality Development
Module Understanding Personality Development
Professional Development and Applied Page |9
THC8-PDAE Units: 3
Ethics

WRITTEN OUTPUT CRITERIA CHECK LIST PR-2.1.1

CRITERIA SCORING
Did I . . .
1 2 3 4 5
1. Understand the given topic well?
2. Able to answer all the given questions?
3. Applied the knowledge that I learned from the topic to the activities?
4. Interpret and comply with instructions?
5. Understand personality development?
TEACHER’S REMARKS: ❑ QUIZ ❑ RECITATION ❑ PROJECT

GRADE:

5 - Excellently Performed
4 - Very Satisfactorily Performed
3 - Satisfactorily Performed
2 - Fairly Performed
1 - Poorly Performed

_____________________________
THC8-TEACHER

Date: ______________________

PREPARED BY: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

MODULE 2nd
PRELIM
2 Meeting MS. RUSSELLE CHRIST CALITIS MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
Subject Teacher School Director