Alaa El-Din Mohamed Sardina Est.

‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻋﻼء اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﺮدﻳﻨﻪ‬

Deep Foundation Contracting
‫ﻣﻘــﺎوﻻت أﺳـﺎﺳـﺎت ﻋـﻤـﻴـﻘــﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺸﺮوع إﺳﻜﺎن اﻋﻀﺎء هﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺲ‬

‫ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺟﺎزان‬
Reinforced CFA Concrete Pile
Structural Calculations

Design for
Vertical Pile Capacity & length

MAY 2009

+٩٦٦(٥٠)٦٣٨٨٨٥١ : ‫ ﺟﻮال‬+٩٦٦(٢)٦٦٥٧٥٣٣:‫ ﻓﺎآـﺲ‬+٩٦٦(٢)٦٦٥٧٨٥٩:‫ ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮن‬٥١٦٦٣ ‫ ب‬.‫ ص‬- ٢١٥٥٣ ‫ﺟـﺪة‬

Jeddah 21553 - P.O.Box 51663 Tel.: +966(2)6657859 Fax: +966(2)6657533 Mobile: +966(50)6388851
Email: mail@SARDINAfoundation.com WEBSITE: www.SARDINAfoundation.com
 Table Of Content

Item Description Section

1 Executive Summary A

2 Design Criteria B

3 750 mm Pile Vertical Capacity

#1 FHWA 1997 - statical method

#2 ECP 2001 - SPT N' method

 Section A

Executive Summary
Executive Summary

Foundation for is to be constructed on reinforced concrete piles with

Type1 Dia 750 mm (105 ton) ,

Modeling

For vertical loads a complete calculations were made in accordance to

#1 Federal High Way Administration 1997 - statical method

#2 Egyptian Code of Practice 2001 - SPT N' method

Analysis

The calculation shows that:-

1-TYPE1 CFA reinforced concrete Piles

(with pile diameter = 0.75 meter & tip level = -18 from N.G.L)

Q all. (KN) Negative Skin Friction

Method of calculation (vertical compression capacity ) (From weak soil)
#1 FHWA 1997 - statical method 1135 -125
#2 ECP 2001 - SPT N' method 1159 -85

Selected values 1050 KN (105 ton) 150 KN (15 ton)

Section B

Design Criteria
Design Criteria

Material Specifications

Concrete compressive strength = 24 MPa (cylinder)

Yield strength of Reinforcement Bars = 420 MPa , Grad 60

Concrete cover = 100 mm

Assumptions

Downward Friction factor of safety = 2.5

End bearing factor of safety = 3.0
upward Friction factor of safety = 3.0

Negative down drag forces are considered

References & Codes

Soil Investigation Report

USA NAVAL FACILITIES Soil and Foundation Design Manual [ NAVFAC DM7.2 ]

USA Federal Highway Administration Design and Construction of Pile Foundations

Egyptian Code of Practice Part 4 [Deep Foundations]

Foundation Analysis and Design [Joseph E. Bowles]

TYPE1 d=750 mm

Pile Vertical Capacity

 PROJECT Gizan- College Date 16/5/2009
LOCATION Gizan city calc. By. Eng. Amr Zaki
CLIENT ARTAR Rev. no. 1

DEPTH
SPT " N " FIELD VALUES
ELEVATIO SPT N'
N (m) 20-B 13A 19B 24B AVRG.
0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
0.00 1.50 1 1 1 1 1
0.00 3.00 1 2 1 1 1
0.00 4.50 1 1 1 1 1
0.00 6.00 1 1 3 1 1
0.00 7.50 5 5 7 6 5
0.00 9.00 12 11 15 11 12
0.00 10.50 18 19 20 18 18
0.00 12.00 25 24 26 25 25
0.00 13.50 33 30 30 29 30
0.00 15.00 38 33 35 34 35
0.00 16.50 44 38 40 39 40
0.00 18.00 47 43 45 46 45
0.00 19.50 50 49 51 49 49

water level= -0.8

SPT N'

0.00 1
1.00
1
2.00
3.00 1
4.00
1
5.00
6.00 1
7.00
5
8.00
9.00 12
10.00
18
11.00
12.00 25
13.00
30
14.00
DEPTH (m)

15.00 35
16.00
40
17.00
18.00 45
19.00
49
20.00
21.00
22.00
23.00
24.00
25.00
26.00
27.00
28.00
29.00
30.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
selected Design factors

D = 0.75 Pile Diameter (m)

2
D
Ap = π =0.4418 tip area (m 2 )
4
πD = 2.3562 unit side area (m 2 m )
Fs tip = 3.00 factor of safty for bearing
Fs side = 2.50 factor of safty for skin friction
f CFA = 0.60 capacity reduction factor for CFA bored piles
Fs up = 3.00 factor of safty for skin friction in case of tension loads

selected values from tables according to SPT N' and Depth

For
all for
for FHWA- Expt ECP#
for All methods Statical ECP#3 3
settelment = 1% Pile Dia. ]
SPT N' corrected AVRG.

friction coeff. (negative or

Skin friction stresses [ at

Limiting Bearing Stress
Resist. (kPa)
γ (ΚΝ/m3)
positive)

DEPTH
(m) PHI N'q
0.00 1 -1.0 28.0 17 17.0 630 0.0
1.50 1 -1.0 28.0 17 7.0 630 0.0
3.00 1 -1.0 28.0 17 7.0 630 0.0
4.50 1 -1.0 28.0 17 7.0 630 0.0
6.00 3 -1.0 28.0 17 7.0 630 0.0
7.50 6 -1.0 28.2 17 7.0 630 0.0
9.00 12 1.0 30.6 17 7.0 630 0.0
10.50 19 1.0 32.7 27 7.0 1350 1.0
12.00 25 1.0 34.5 35 8.0 3650 1.0
13.50 30 1.0 36.0 46 8.0 7250 1.0
15.00 35 1.0 37.5 55 8.0 9850 1.0
16.50 40 1.0 38.8 64 8.0 12650 1.0
18.00 45 1.0 40.0 90 8.0 19950 1.0
19.50 50 1.0 41.0 110 8.0 24000 1.0
 #1
FHWA 1997 - statical method
 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Method # 1
Vertical Capacity Calculation By using
statical method
by Nordlund (1963, 1979),Thurman (1964), Meyerhof (1976),
Cheney and Chassie (1982), Tomlinson (1980, 1985), and
Hannigan, et.al. (1997).

Reference
US Department Of Transportation
Federal HighWay Administration pub. No. FHWA HI 97-013
National Highway Institute course Nos. 13221 & 13222
Design And Construction of Driven Pile Foundations
 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Qp Qs
Q all = + − Q neg
driven Fs tip Fs side
⎛ Qp Q s ⎞⎟
Q all = f CFA ⎜ + − Q neg
⎜ Fs Fs ⎟ Where : -
CFA
⎝ tip side ⎠ Q p = ultimate tip resistance (driven pile ) KN
⎛ Q ⎞ Q s = ultimate skin resistance (driven pile ) KN
Tall = 0.6 f CFA ⎜ s ⎟ + Wp
⎜ Fs ⎟ Q neg = negative skin friction KN
CFA
⎝ up ⎠ Q all = allawable vertical compressio n resistance for driven piles KN
driven

Q all = allawable vertical compressio n resistance for CFA piles KN

CFA

Tall = allawable vertical tension resistance for CFA piles KN

CFA

W p = Pile weight KN
Fs tip = factor of safty for bearing
Fs side = factor of safty for skin friction
f CFA = capacity reduction factor for CFA bored piles
Fs up = factor of safty for skin friction in case of tension loads
 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

N'q factor for point resistance contribution(digitized curve from figure)

φ (degrees) N'q(Driven)
28 23
29 27
30 30
31 35
32 40
33 46
34 55
35 64
36 76
37 90
38 110
39 140
40 160
41 198
42 245
43 296
44 375
45 475

EARTH PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS K+hc, AND K+ht,

PILE TYPE K+hc, K+ht,
DRIVEN SINGLE H-PILE 0.5 - 1.0 0.3 - 0.5
DRIVEN SINGLE DISPLACEMENT PILE 1.0 - 1.5 0.6 - 1.0
DRIVEN SINGLE DISPLACEMENT TAPERED 1.5 - 2.0 1.0 - 1.3
DRIVEN JETTED PILE 0.4 - 0.9 0.3 - 0.6
DRILLED PILE (LESS THAN 24" 0.7 0.4

FRICTION ANGLE - [delta]

PILE TYPE [delta] Relation between SPT & [phi]
STEEL 20 deg.
CONCRETE 3/4 [phi]
TIMBER 3/4 [phi]

for CFA concrete Pile take :-

Khc= 0.7
δ= 0.75 ϕ
 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Relationship between limiting bearing stress and

φ for cohesionless soils
(digitized curve from figure)
Limiting
Bearing
Stress
Resistance
φ (degrees) (kPa)
30 630
31 1000
32 1350
33 2450
34 3650
35 5150
36 7250
37 9850
38 12650
39 16250
40 19950
41 24000
42 28200
43 33750
Note: 1. If φ < 30º, use the value for φ = 30º
2. If φ > 43º, uses the value for φ = 43º
 FHWA statical method ( FHWA#1 ) D= 0.75 meter

Soil Ultimate Resistance

(Driven) Q Allawabl (CFA) T Allawabl (CFA)

Total tension resist. (KN)

Limiting Bearing Stress

accum. skin resist. (KN)

Pile accum. Weight Wp

Unit Friction resist. mid
friction coeff. (negative
σv• at tip level (Kpa)

[≤Limiting Bearing]

accum. Skin tension

Calc. unit tip resist.

final Unit tip resist.

layer (KPa) [≤100]
level (m)

σh midlayer (Kpa)
σv midlayer (Kpa)

total resist.(KN)
ϕ

Tip resist.(KN)
Resist. (kPa)
fricion angle

resist. (KN)
or positive)
γ (ΚΝ/m3)
SPT N'

(KPa)

(KPa)

(KN)
ΔL

δ N'q
0.00 1 0.00 17.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28.0 21.0 17 630 -1.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-1.50 1 1.50 7.0 5.3 3.7 10.5 28.0 21.0 17 630 -1.0 -1.41 178.5 178.5 -5.0 0 -5 13.3 0.6 13.9
-3.00 1 1.50 7.0 15.8 11.0 21.0 28.0 21.0 17 630 -1.0 -4.23 357.0 357.0 -19.9 0 -20 26.5 2.4 28.9
-4.50 1 1.50 7.0 26.3 18.4 31.5 28.0 21.0 17 630 -1.0 -7.05 535.5 535.5 -44.9 0 -45 39.8 5.4 45.1
-6.00 3 1.50 7.0 36.8 25.7 42.0 28.0 21.0 17 630 -1.0 -9.87 714.0 630.0 -79.8 0 -80 53.0 9.6 62.6
-7.50 6 1.50 7.0 47.3 33.1 52.5 28.2 21.2 17 630 -1.0 -12.80 892.5 630.0 -125.0 0 -125 66.3 15.0 81.3
-9.00 12 1.50 7.0 57.8 40.4 63.0 30.6 23.0 17 630 1.0 17.12 1071.0 630.0 -110.5 56 -55 79.5 22.3 101.8
-10.50 19 1.50 7.0 68.3 47.8 73.5 32.7 24.5 27 1350 1.0 21.80 1984.5 1350.0 -92.0 119 27 92.8 31.5 124.3
-12.00 25 1.50 8.0 79.5 55.7 85.5 34.5 25.9 35 3650 1.0 26.99 2992.5 2992.5 -69.1 264 195 106.0 43.0 149.0
-13.50 30 1.50 8.0 91.5 64.1 97.5 36.0 27.0 46 7250 1.0 32.64 4485.0 4485.0 -41.4 396 355 119.3 56.8 176.1
-15.00 35 1.50 8.0 103.5 72.5 109.5 37.5 28.1 55 9850 1.0 38.73 6022.5 6022.5 -8.6 532 524 132.5 73.2 205.8
-16.50 40 1.50 8.0 115.5 80.9 121.5 38.8 29.1 64 12650 1.0 44.93 7776.0 7776.0 29.5 687 717 145.8 92.3 238.1
-18.00 45 1.50 8.0 127.5 89.3 133.5 40.0 30.0 90 19950 1.0 51.53 12015.0 12015.0 73.3 1062 1135 159.0 114.1 273.2
-19.50 50 1.50 8.0 139.5 97.7 145.5 41.0 30.8 110 24000 1.0 58.10 16005.0 16005.0 122.5 1414 1537 172.3 138.8 311.1
 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Soil Ultimate unit Resistance Stresses (Driven Piles)

0 0.00 0 0.0

-1 -1
-1.41 178.5
-2 -2

-3 -4.23 -3 357.0

-4 -4
-7.05 535.5
-5 -5

-6 -9.87 -6 630.0

-7 -7
-12.80 630.0
-8 -8

-9 17.12 -9 630.0

-10 -10
1350.0
21.80
-11
-11
-12 2992.5
-12 26.99
-13
-13
LEVEL ( m )

4485.0
LEVEL ( m )

32.64 -14
-14
-15 6022.5
-15 38.73
-16
-16 7776.0
44.93 -17
-17
-18 12015.0
-18 51.53
-19
-19 16005.0
58.10 -20
-20
-21
-21
-22
-22
-23
-23
-24
-24
-25
-25
-26
-26
-27
-27
-28
-28
-29
-29
-30
-30
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000

ultimate Friction stress mid layer

-40

-20

20

40

60

80

100

(KPa) Ultimate tip stress (KPa)

 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Allawable Vertical Compression (Q) CFA piles daimeter = 0.75 meter

0 0
-1
-5
-2
-3 -20 Skin Resistance
-4
-45
-5 Tip Resistance
-6 -80
-7 Total Resistance
-125
-8
-9 -55
-10
27
-11
-12 195
-13
LEVEL ( m )

355
-14
-15 524
-16
717
-17
-18 1135
-19
1537
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-400

-200

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

Allawable Vertical Compression Load (KN)

 Federal HighWay Admin. [ Statical method ]

Allawable Vertical Tension (T) CFA piles daimeter = 0.75 meter

0 0

-1
14 Pile Weight
-2
Skin Tension Resist.
-3 29
Total Tension Resistance
-4
45
-5

-6 63
LEVEL ( m )

-7
81
-8

-9 102

-10
124
-11

-12 149

-13
176
-14

-15 206
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Allawable Vertical Tension Load (KN)

 #2
ECP 2001 - SPT N'
 Egyptian Code of Practice [ SPT N' method ]

Method # 2
Vertical Capacity Calculation By using
SPT N' method

Reference
Egyptian Code of Practice 2001
Deep Foundations - Section 4
 Egyptian Code of Practice [ SPT N' method ]

Egyptian Code of Practice - 2001 [SPT N method]

D2
Ap = π
4
A s = πD × ΔL s
q p = 225 × N tip
fs = 2N
Qp = qp × Ap
n
Q s = ∑ (f s ) i × ( A s ) i
i =1

Q neg = Q s → [for layers with SPT (N ) p 10]

Qp Qs
Q all = + − Q neg
driven Fs tip Fs side
⎛ Qp Qs ⎞
Q all = f CFA ⎜ + ⎟ − Q neg
⎜ Fs ⎟
CFA
⎝ tip Fs side ⎠
⎛ Q ⎞
Tall = 0.6 f CFA ⎜ s ⎟ + Wp
⎜ Fs ⎟
CFA
⎝ up ⎠
Where : -
D = Pile Diameter
A p = tip area
L s = pile segment length
A s = segment side area
N tip = SPT N average at 3D above tip level - to 1D under tip level ≤ 50
N = SPT N average at side segment ≤ 50
q p = ultimate soil stress for bearing (driven pile) KPa
f s = ultimate soil stress for skin friction (driven pile ) KPa
Q p = ultimate tip resistance (driven pile ) KN
Q s = ultimate skin resistance (driven pile ) KN
Q neg = negative skin friction KN
Q = allawable vertical compressio n resistance for driven piles KN
all
driven

Q all = allawable vertical compressio n resistance for CFA piles KN

CFA

Tall = allawable vertical tension resistance for CFA piles KN

CFA

Wp = Pile weight KN
Fs tip = factor of safty for bearing
Fs side = factor of safty for skin friction
f CFA = capacity reduction factor for CFA bored piles
Fs up = factor of safty for skin friction in case of tension loads
 Egyptian Code of Practice - 2001 [ SPT N' method ] (ECP#2)
D= 0.75 meter
Soil Ultimate Resistance
(Driven) Q Allawabl (CFA) T Allawabl (CFA)

Unit Friction resist. mid

friction coeff. (negative

accum. Skin tension

Total tension resist.

Stress Resist. (kPa)

Pile accum. Weight

[≤Limiting Bearing]

accum. skin resist.

Calc. unit tip resist.
Limiting Bearing

final Unit tip resist.

layer (KPa) [≤100]

total resist.(KN)
Tip resist.(KN)

resist. (KN)
or positive)

Wp (KN)
level

(KPa)

(KPa)

(KN)

(KN)
SPT N' ΔL ϕ
0.00 1 0.00 28.0 630 -1.0 -2.00 225.0 225.0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-1.50 1 1.50 28.0 630 -1.0 -2.00 225.0 225.0 -7.1 0 -7 13.3 0.8 14.1
-3.00 1 1.50 28.0 630 -1.0 -2.00 225.0 225.0 -14.1 0 -14 26.5 1.7 28.2
-4.50 1 1.50 28.0 630 -1.0 -2.00 225.0 225.0 -21.2 0 -21 39.8 2.5 42.3
-6.00 3 1.50 28.0 630 -1.0 -6.00 675.0 630.0 -42.4 0 -42 53.0 5.1 58.1
-7.50 6 1.50 28.2 630 -1.0 -12.00 1350.0 630.0 -84.8 0 -85 66.3 10.2 76.4
-9.00 12 1.50 30.6 630 1.0 24.00 2700.0 630.0 -64.5 56 -9 79.5 20.4 99.9
-10.50 19 1.50 32.7 1350 1.0 38.00 4275.0 1350.0 -32.2 119 87 92.8 36.5 129.2
-12.00 25 1.50 34.5 3650 1.0 50.00 5625.0 3650.0 10.2 323 333 106.0 57.7 163.7
-13.50 30 1.50 36.0 7250 1.0 60.00 6750.0 6750.0 61.1 596 657 119.3 83.1 202.4
-15.00 35 1.50 37.5 9850 1.0 70.00 7875.0 7875.0 120.4 696 816 132.5 112.8 245.4
-16.50 40 1.50 38.8 12650 1.0 80.00 9000.0 9000.0 188.3 795 984 145.8 146.7 292.5
-18.00 45 1.50 40.0 19950 1.0 90.00 10125.0 10125.0 264.6 895 1159 159.0 184.9 344.0
-19.50 50 1.50 41.0 24000 1.0 100.00 11250.0 11250.0 349.5 994 1343 172.3 227.3 399.6
 Egyptian Code of Practice [ SPT N' method ]

Soil Ultimate unit Resistance Stresses (Driven Piles)

0 -2.00 0 225.0

-1 -1
-2.00 225.0
-2 -2

-3 -2.00 -3 225.0

-4 -4
-2.00 225.0
-5 -5

-6 -6.00 -6 630.0

-7 -7
-12.00 630.0
-8 -8

-9 24.00 -9 630.0

-10 -10
38.00 1350.0
-11 -11

-12 50.00 -12 3650.0

-13 -13
LEVEL ( m )

6750.0
60.00
LEVEL ( m )

-14
-14
-15 7875.0
-15 70.00
-16
-16 9000.0
80.00
-17
-17
-18 10125.0
-18 90.00
-19
-19 11250.0
100.00 -20
-20
-21
-21
-22
-22
-23
-23
-24
-24
-25
-25
-26
-26
-27
-27
-28
-28
-29
-29
-30
-30
0

5000

10000

15000

ultimate Friction stress mid layer

-20

30

80

130

180

(KPa) Ultimate tip stress (KPa)

 Egyptian Code of Practice [ SPT N' method ]

Allawable Vertical Compression (Q) CFA piles daimeter = 0.75 meter

0 0
-1
-7
-2
-3 -14 Skin Resistance
-4
-21
-5 Tip Resistance
-6 -42
-7 Total Resistance
-85
-8
-9 -9
-10
87
-11
-12 333
-13
LEVEL ( m )

657
-14
-15 816
-16
984
-17
-18 1159
-19
1343
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-400

-200

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

Allawable Vertical Compression Load (KN)

 Egyptian Code of Practice [ SPT N' method ]

Allawable Vertical Tension (T) CFA piles daimeter = 0.75 meter

0 0

-1
14 Pile Weight
-2
Skin Tension Resist.
-3 28
Total Tension Resistance
-4
42
-5

-6 58
LEVEL ( m )

-7
76
-8

-9 100

-10
129
-11

-12 164

-13
202
-14

-15 245
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Allawable Vertical Tension Load (KN)