CHAPTER 6

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

6.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The project is created to design a structure that will enhance and develop

Tacloban’s own unused potential based on its strengths to be able to compete

successfully with its regional rivals as a new hub of wellness and medical care in

Philippines. The project will be beneficial to the following:

To Tacloban City

Tacloban City will possibly become known because there is no wellness

center yet like Harbour Community Wellness Center that exist presently in Leyte.

To the Community

The project will be beneficial to the community for them to experience a

structure that incorporates the Tacloban’s natural environment for a holistic

wellness experience.

To the Government

The project can be an additional source of income to the government

because it can also be considered as a business establishment.

Architectural Significance

This project will have a great impact in the Philippines to have a structure

with a one-stop shop for medical services. This will also be an opportunity to use
the architectural space planning and design elements to create an effective

healing environment, and to combine medical and wellness facilities for the

Philippine Medical Tourism.

Economic Significance

This project will create greater opportunities for the country to be

internationally known in the medical tourism industry as a new hub of wellness

and medical care in Asia. In a greater extent, creating jobs and investments

through this opportunity will help our medical practitioners and other

professionals.

Medical Significance

This project will give an opportunity in promoting the conventional and the

rich traditional/alternative medicine that the country has. This will also strengthen

the Medical Tourism in the Philippines.

6.2 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

The design idea mostly focuses on creating a structure that efforts to put

people in closer contact with nature that focuses on buildings design, landscape

design, interior design, or any combination of the three. Therefore, the design

philosophy applied is “Form and function are one”. Frank Lloyd Wright introduced

the word ‘organic’ into his philosophy of architecture as early as 1908. It was an

extension of the teachings of his mentor Louis Sullivan whose slogan “form

follows function” became the mantra of modern architecture. Wright changed this
phrase to “form and function are one,” using nature as the best example of this

integration.

Although the word ‘organic’ in common usage refers to something which

has the characteristics of animals or plants, Frank Lloyd Wright’s organic

architecture takes on a new meaning. It is not a style of imitation, because he did

not claim to be building forms which were representative of nature. Instead,

organic architecture is a reinterpretation of nature’s principles as they had been

filtered through the intelligent minds of men and women who could then build

forms which are more natural than nature itself.

“Form follows function – that has been misunderstood. Form and function

should be one, joined in a spiritual union” – Frank Lloyd Wright.

6.3 DESIGN CONCEPT

Biophilic design is the deliberate attempt to translate an understanding of

the inherent human affinity to affiliate with natural systems and processes, known

as biophilia, into the design of the built environment. According to the book of

Biophilic Design, the following growing body of knowledge that supports the role

of contact with nature in human health and productivity are the following:

 Contact with nature has been found to enhance healing and

recovery from illness and major surgical procedures, including

direct contact (e.g.: natural lighting, vegetation) as well as

representational and symbolic depictions of nature (e.g.: pictures);

  People living in proximity to open spaces report fewer health and

social problems, and this has been identified independent of rural

and urban residence, level of education, and income. Even the

presence of limited amounts of vegetation such as grass and a few

trees has been correlated with enhanced coping and adaptive

behavior;

 Office settings with natural lighting, natural ventilation and other

environmental features result in improved worker performance,

lower stress, and greater motivation;

 Communities with higher-quality environments reveal more positive

valuations of nature, superior quality of life, greater neighborliness,

and a stronger sense of place than communities of lower

environmental quality. These findings also occur in poor urban as

well as more affluent and suburban neighborhoods.

The evidenced-based biophilic design can have a positive impact by

reducing stress, improving emotional well-being, alleviating pain, and fostering

improvements in other outcomes. Patients and other users of healthcare facilities

can potentially derive benefits from widely different types of encounters with

biophilic elements or nature including physically active experience (Wichrowski et

al., 2005); less physically active contacts, for instance, sitting and talking in a

garden; and passive interactions such as looking at nature through a window

(Ulrich, 1999).
Examples of Biophilic Design

6.4 DESIGN OBJECTIVES

 To design a structure that will give a holistic experience for the

user;

 To design a nature inspired structure that will enhance and develop

the built environment of a health facilities into a green development;

 To design a building that will be effective e for all kinds of users;

  To design an iconic structure that will catch the attention of the

tourist and the public.

6.5 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS (LAWS AND STANDARDS)

Objective:

To ensure the building, site and its design meets the regulatory criteria of

local codes.

6.5.1 SITE CONSIDERATIONS

Landscape.

There will be planted landscape on the site and will be arranged

attractively that will make the users feel relaxed and at peace.

Parking Areas.

Parking spaces will be provided on certain parts of the site that has

standard dimensions for vehicles.

The Accessibility

The accessibility of vehicles and pedestrian will be well oriented for an

ease traffic flow on the site.

The Walkways
 Walkways will follow the standard width and will be available all over the

site so that users will enjoy and will be able to explore the place safely.

The Driveways

The driveways will meet the standard width of driveway having two lanes

for easy access of entrance and exit of vehicles.

The Outdoor Facilities

There will be outdoor facilities for guest and walk-in visitors which will be

available for different activities and to provide shed and resting.

6.5.2 BUILDING CONSIDERATIONS

The Character

The Character of the building must be unique and must incorporate the

nature in the planning and designing of the building.

The Materials to use

Some of the materials that will be used are conventional materials.

The Circulation

The circulation of the building must be well oriented so that the users will

easily identify the location of the spaces or facilities within the building.

The Ambiance

The ambiance inside and outside of the building will provide comfort and

peaceful atmosphere that will make the guest feel relaxed.

The Interior Designs

The interior design of the building mainly focuses in applying the biophilic

design to have an interaction between the people and nature.

The Ventilation

There must have enough and good ventilation for the natural lighting to

penetrate throughout the building.

The Orientation

The orientation of the building must be provided scenic views outside for

the users to see even when they are inside the building.

Laws and Codes

National Building Code of the Philippines (NBC) and its Revised Implementing

Rules and Regulations (IRR) 2005

Batas Pambansa 344 (B.P. 344) – The Law to Enhance the Mobility of Disabled

Persons and its Implementing Rules and Regulations

Table No. 5 Zoning Classification & Boundaries

Code Section Classification

NBC Sec. 701 Division D-2:
A municipal or city level or
commercial use or occupancy,
characterized mainly as a medium
rise building/structure for medium
to high intensity commercial/trade,
services and business activities.

Building Restrictions

Table No. 6 Classification of Occupancy & Hazard Contents

Code Section Classification

NBC Sec. 701 Group D – Institutional

Division 2
Nurseries for full-time
care of children under
kindergarten age,
hospitals, sanitaria,
nursing homes with non-
ambulatory patients, and
similar buildings each
accommodating more
than five persons.

Allowable Areas & Building Height Limit

Floor Area Definition Per NBC

Building bulk shall be generally determined by the application of the FLAR,

vertically projecting the AMBF, establishing the OFB and quantifying the AMVB.

The building bulk may be ultimately governed by the width of the RROW and

other applicable provision for the light and ventilation.

Table No. 7 Floor Area Definition Per NBC

Type of Use/Occupancy Type of Building FLAR Designation

Structure

Institutional Institutional D-2 2.50

Gross Floor Area Definition Per NBC

GFA is the total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent external

building walls such as office areas, residential areas, corridors, lobbies and

mezzanine levels. The GFA shall also include the building projections which may

serve as floors on platforms that are directly connected to/integrated with areas

within the building/structure, e.g. balconies and the GFA exclude the following:

A. Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities.

B. Vertical projections in parking floors where no residential or office units are

present.
C. Uncovered areas for helipads, air conditioning cooling towers or air

conditioning condensing unit (ACU), balconies, overhead water tanks, roof

decks, laundry areas and cages, wading or swimming pools, whirlpools, jacuzzi,

terraces, garden courts or plazas, balconies exceeding 10.0 sq. m., fire escape

structures and the like.

Other Allowable Areas

Table No. 8 Maximum Allowable Percentage of Site Occupancy

Commercial % of Total Land Area (TLA)

Zoning PSO ISA USA TOSL

Institutional 50 20 30 50

(D-2) (w/o

firewall)

Table No. 9 Maximum Allowable Total Gross Floor Area

Character of Type of Allowable Maximum

Use/Occupancy Building/Structure Total Gross Floor Area
by Type/Location Of Lot
Inside Lot

INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL (D-2) 60 X 50% OF TLA

GROUP D 15 X 50% OF TLA
(NBC)
Building Height Limit Definition Per NBC

Determination of the building height

A. Building height limit is the maximum height limit to be allowed for

buildings/structures based on their proposed use or occupancy; the BHL is

generally determined after the application of other development controls and

certain other parameters. The BHL shall be generally measured from the

established grade line to the topmost portion of the proposed building/structure.

B. BHL excludes the height of the permitted/allowed projections above the roof of

the building/structure.

C. The BHL of any proposed building/structure shall only be as allowed under

this rule or under duly approved city/municipal zoning ordinance, whichever is

more restrictive.

Table No. 10 Building Height Limit

Character of Type Of
Use/ Building/ BHL
Provided Remarks
Occupancy Structure

Institutional Institutional No.of Meters above

Group D (D-2) allowable the highest grade
storeys/
floors
above
established
grade
 15 60 (TCZO)
- 15 (NBC: Or must
Follow the duly
approved BHL on
the major zone it
is part of)

6.6 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN STRATEGIES

Solar Panels Mimic Butterfly Wings

Solar panels are usually made of thick solar cells, and are positioned at an

angle to get the most amount of light from the sun as it moves throughout the

day. Thin film solar cells, which can be only nanometers thick, have a lot of

potential. These are cheaper and lighter, but because they’re less efficient, it

usually used only in watches and calculators, instead of solar panels. Scientists

studied the black wings of the rose butterfly, and copied the structure to create

thin solar cells that are more efficient.

 Figure 15. Solar Panels Mimic Butterfly Wings

Interior Finishes (Acoustics)

Sound absorptive finishes on room surfaces in health care spaces can

reduce the buildup of noise associated with speech, clinical alarms, medical

devices and other sound sources. Different products provide varying grades of

sound absorption, so ceiling, wall covering and flooring selections should be

based on budgets, aesthetics and acoustical benefits.

Figure 16. Interior Finishes (Acoustics)

Grey Water Use (Utility)

Grey water is waste water from households, stemming from shower,

bathtub, bathroom sink and the washing machine and which, hence, is not

contaminated with feces or

highly polluted kitchen waste

water. This type of water can be

processed into usable water,

which is safe from a hygienic point of view but does not have the same quality as

drinking water. It can be used for toilet flushing, watering and cleaning purposes.

Figure 17. Grey Water Use (Utility)

Breathing Structure (Natural Vent and Daylighting)

Applying of natural system in the design to take advantage with the

project’s location.

Figure 18. Breathing Structure (Natural Vent and Daylighting)

6.7 ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING AND ANALYSIS

 The project is classified as an institutional and commercial occupancy. In

the considerations of the minimum and maximum requirements for the number of

occupancy and area of spaces, architectural programming was done based from

the applicable architectural books.

6.7.1 Area Programming

This part shows the major categories or areas required to accommodate

the major activities identified. It describes the basic function and characteristics

or conditions of the major space categories including its planning relationships

including the major space categories outside the building.

Table No. 11: Area Programming for Main Building

Item No. Room/Area Space No. of Area/Units Total Area

Designation Category
Units

1.0 Ground Floor

1.1 Main Lobby Support/ 1 353.25 m² 353.25 m²

Ancillary
1.2 Administration Office Works 1 190.21 m² 190.21 m²
Department
1.3 Restaurant Commercial 1 805.00 m² 805.00 m²

1.4 Coffee Shop Commercial 1 231.00 m² 231.00 m²

1.5 Souvenir Shop Commercial 1 178.00 m² 178.00 m²

1.6 Pharmacy Commercial 1 178.00 m² 178.00 m²

1.7 Maintenance Support/

Department Ancillary
 1.7.1 Engineering Support/ 1 20.06 m² 20.06 m²
Room Ancillary
1.7.2 Housekeeping Support/ 1 43.90 m² 43.90 m²
Ancillary
1.7.3 Storage Room Support/ 1 42.09 m² 42.09 m²
Ancillary
1.8 Pool Recreational 1 401.07 m² 401.07 m²

1.9 Public Restroom Support/ 2 6.40 m² 12.80 m²

Ancillary
1.10 Staff Room Support/ 1 33.78 m² 33.78 m²
Ancillary
1.11 Stairs Circulatory 3 6.80 m² 20.40 m²

1.12 Elevator Circulatory 4 2.55 m² 10.20 m²

1.13 Corridor/Hallway Circulatory 2 102.96 m² 205.92 m²

1.14 Ramp Circulatory 1 3.00 m² 3.00 m²

1.15 Physical Fitness

Services
Department
1.15.1 Zumba Area Support/ 1 227.72 m² 227.72 m²
Ancillary
1.15.2 Gym Support/ 1 179.81 m² 179.81 m²
Ancillary
1.15.3 Meditation Room Support/ 1 216.71 m² 216.71 m²
Ancillary
1.15.4 Yoga Room Support/ 1 219.94 m² 219.94 m²
Ancillary
Subtotal 1573.44 m²

2.0 Second Floor

2.1 Facial Services Support/ 4 37.96 m² 151.74 m²
Department Ancillary
2.2 Skin Care Support/ 4 37.96 m² 151.74 m²
Services Ancillary
Department
2.3 Body Care Support/ 5 50.71 m² 281.48 m²
Services Ancillary 60.19 m²
65.09 m²
Department
57.44 m²
45.05 m²
2.4 Bath Treatment Support/ 9 (4)20.00m² 226.39 m²
Ancillary 59.77 m²
63.05 m²
74.30 m²

2.5 Body Massage Support/ 5 44.49 m² 194.25 m²

Services Ancillary 34.98 m²
39.77 m²
Department
36.64 m²
38.27 m²
2.6 Nail Care and Support/ 4 22.10 m² 88.40 m²
Foot Treatment Ancillary
Services
Department
2.7 Staff Room Support/ 1 34.80 m² 34.80 m²
Ancillary
2.8 Public Restroom Support/ 2 4.80 m² 9.60 m²
Ancillary
2.9 Stairs Circulatory 3 6.80 m² 20.4 m²

2.10 Elevator Circulatory 4 2.55 m² 10.20 m²

Subtotal 1169 m²
3.0 Third Floor

3.1 Counseling and Support/ 4 50.71 m² 250.29 m²

Mental Ancillary 60.19 m²
65.09 m²
Healthcare
74.30 m²
Services
Department
3.2 Lectures Rooms Support/ 2 66.60 m² 133.20 m²
Ancillary
3.3 Function Hall Support/ 3 115.02 m² 434.45 m²
Ancillary 191.86 m²
127.57 m²
3.4 Public Restroom Support/ 2 4.80 m² 9.60 m²
Ancillary
3.5 Stairs Circulatory 3 6.80 m² 20.4 m²

3.6 Elevator Circulatory 4 2.55 m² 10.20 m²

Subtotal 858.18 m²

Table No. 12: Area Programming for Accommodation Facility

Item No. Room/Area Space No. of Area/Units Total Area

Designation Category
Units

1.0 Ground Floor

1.1 Main Lobby Support/ 1 117.92 m² 117.92 m²

Ancillary
1.2 Function Hall Support/ 1 265.20 m² 265.20 m²
Ancillary
 1.3 Administration Support/ 1 92.00 m² 92.00 m²
Department Ancillary
1.4 Public Restroom Support/ 2 4.00 m² 8.00 m²
Ancillary
1.5 Housekeeping Support/ 1 54.00 m² 54.00 m²
Ancillary
1.6 Kitchen Support/ 1 65.00 m² 65.00 m²
Ancillary
1.7 Mechanical Support/ 1 27.50 m² 27.50 m²
Room Ancillary
1.8 Storage Room Support/ 1 27.50 m² 27.50 m²
Ancillary
1.9 Hallway/Corridor Circulatory 92.80 m² 92.80 m²

1.10 Stairs Circulatory 1 7.68 m² 7.68 m²

1.11 Elevator Circulatory 2 4.00 m² 8.00 m²

1.12 Ramps Circulatory 1 12.75 m² 12.75 m²

Subtotal 750.85 m²

2.0 Second Floor

2.1 Single Bed Support/ 2 27.00 m² 54.00 m²

Guest Room Ancillary
2.2 Double Bedded Support/ 6 36.80 m² 220.80 m²
Guest Room Ancillary
2.3 Studio Room Support/ 2 54.00 m² 108.00 m²
Ancillary
2.4 Lounge Support/ 1 29.44 m² 29.44 m²
Ancillary
2.5 Hallway/Corridor Circulatory 109.28 m² 109.28 m²

2.6 Stairs Circulatory 1 7.68 m² 7.68 m²

 2.7 Elevator Circulatory 2 4.00 m² 8.00 m²

Subtotal 537.20 m²

3.0 Second Floor

3.1 Single Bed Support/ 2 27.00 m² 54.00 m²

Guest Room Ancillary
3.2 Double Bedded Support/ 6 36.80 m² 220.80 m²
Guest Room Ancillary
3.3 Studio Room Support/ 2 54.00 m² 108.00 m²
Ancillary
3.4 Lounge Support/ 1 29.44 m² 29.44 m²
Ancillary
3.5 Hallway/Corridor Circulatory 109.28 m² 109.28 m²

3.6 Stairs Circulatory 1 7.68 m² 7.68 m²

3.7 Elevator Circulatory 2 4.00 m² 8.00 m²

Subtotal 537.20 m²
6.7.2 Adjacency Matrix

The figures below illustrate the interrelationships of rooms and spaces.

Legend:

Essential
c

c Desirable

c Not Needed
6.8 PRELIMINARY DRAWING
6.9 CONCEPTUAL PERSPECTIVE