Volumetric Analysis

Name: Amelia Llewellyn

Grade: 11/55

Date: November 9, 2021

Aim: To determine the concentration Hydrochloric acid by titration with sodium hydroxide

Theory: in this experiment you will determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid. You will
obtain a standard solution of 0.05M sodium hydroxide and then titrate it against Hydrochloric
acid using screened ethyl orange indicator. The results will then be used to determine the molar
concentration of the acid.

Apparatus: 100cm3 beakers, conical flasks, balance, 25cm3 pipette, white tile, retort stand, 50
cm3 burette, filter funnel, pipette fillers

Materials: distilled water, phenolphthalein indicator, 0.05moldm-3 NaOH, hydrochloric acid

Procedure:

1. 25cm3 of the Sodium hydroxide was added into a conical flask using a pipette.

2. A few drops of screened methyl orange indicator was added.

3. The burette was filled with HCl and the initial reading of the burette was recorded.

4 HCl was slowly added to the conical flask with the NaOH until the colour changed.

5. The final reading of the burette was recorded in a table.

6. The above steps were repeated until 2 values which are within 0.1cm3 of each other were
obtained.

7. The average volume of HCl used in the reaction was calculated.

Results

Run Rough 1 2
Final volume / cm3 37.10 38.75 37.20
Initial volume / cm3 10.65 10.35 8.80
Volume Used / cm3 26.45 28.40 28.40

Calculations:

Balanced Equation

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

# of Mols of NaOH in the Reaction

1 of NaOH : 1 of HCl

Mol = conc. x volume (dm3 )

= 0.05mol/dm3 x (25 / 1000)

= 0.05mol/dm3 x 0.025 dm3

= 0.00125 mol NaOH

# of Mols of HCl Reacted with the NaOH

1:1

0.00125 mol : x

X = 0.00125 mol x 1 / 1

X = 0.00125 mol

Molar conc. Of HCl

Average vol. = (28.40 + 28.40) / 2

= 28.40 dm3

Conc. = mol / vol

= 0.00125 mol / 28.40 dm3

= 4.01 mol / dm3

Sources of Error

 Misjudging when the endpoint of neutralization take place. This is where you stop
before or go past the point at which a colour change happens.
 Misreading the volume on the burette.

Precautions

 Ensure to read the burette at eye level to get the best reading.
 Ensure that after placing the evaporating dish onto the balance that you rest the
reading because the reading from the dish will affect the reading of the Sodium
Hydroxide.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the concentration of Hydrochloric acid found by titration using the Sodium
hydroxide was 4.01 mol / dm3.