GUILERMO II GARDE

BPED 3-A
ED 204
February 13, 2022

Required TASK 1:

Having studied about the constructivism and its application to teaching. Give at least 5
characteristics of a constructivist teacher. You may choose to express your answer by:

a) writing a poem
b) drawing or a clipart
c) Photo essay.
Required TASK 2:
Describe each of the learning theory and discuss how this can be applied in the teaching and
learning.

1. Behaviorism Theory

In the domains of education, psychology, and other related fields, behaviorism is a

learning theory. It underlines the fact that learning cannot be directly observed. It is said
that innate or hereditary traits have very little influence on behavior because they are
learned through interaction with the environment.

Pupils' reactions and behaviors in the classroom are directly influenced by behaviorism,
which claims that teachers can directly influence how their students behave in the
classroom. In addition, it enables teachers to see how a student's home environment and
lifestyle can influence their conduct, allowing them to see it objectively and attempt to
improve it.

Teachers can use behaviorism to help students learn and teach. Positive reinforcement,
repetition, and motivational games can be used by teachers who served as a coach and
mentor to learners. It's not uncommon to see students who receive positive reinforcement
and motivation respond to certain stimuli in a way that leads to continued success.
Students who do not receive praise, on the other hand, are subjected to negative
reinforcement and are the ones that react negatively to a stimulus.

2. Information Processing Theory

The theory of information processing is a cognitive theory that emphasizes the stages of
information storage in human memories, which are referred to as the stages of memory
storage; from perception to short-term memory to long-term memory. In a given moment,
information is absorbed through our sensory memory (five senses: touch, hear, taste, and
smell). Long-term memory refers to information that is held in our memory for a long
time and short-term memory refers to information that is stored in our mind for a long
time.

This theory is based on a variety of assumptions and is comparable to George Miller's

information processing theory, which was formed by comparing the human brain to a
computer. Our cognitive process picks and prioritizes information for short- and long-
term memory retention.

Information processing theory is used to teaching and learning through our teachers who
employ diverse tactics, just like behaviorism theory. Teachers employ a spiral
progression strategy in teaching or distribute hand-outs and repeat lectures. Teachers also
construct classes that are tailored to the needs of the students and their learning styles.
For visual learners, teachers provide pictures or visual instructions, lectures for auditory
learners, ask questions for logical learners, and so on. Students can focus on learning,
readily adjust to the teachings, and retain information for a long time using these tactics.
3. Humanistic Learning Theory

The philosophy of humanistic learning e theory mphasizes the abilities of each individual.
Using this principle, students can choose what they want to learn in school as well as create
and evaluate standards. It also necessitates the school's development of positive peer
relationships.

From what they want to learn to how they want to learn, learners have complete control over
their learning experience. Students, on the other hand, will be held responsible for all of the
learning outcomes that result from their decisions in the classroom as well. Teachers, on the
other hand, continue to play a significant part in this notion. Teachers will assist and guide
students in achieving their objectives, as well as teach them the required skills to reach their
desired learning outcome. The teacher will act as a guide for the pupils, ensuring that they
learn and gain experience that they can use in their daily lives.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and the concept of self-actualization were also mentioned in
this idea. Through pre-assessment of students' skills and using these evaluations as the basis
of what the students want to learn and how they want to acquire it, humanistic learning
theory can be used to learning and teaching. In a classroom setting, determining a student's
basic requirements gives teachers a notion of how to deal with them, as well as ways for
adapting to these demands and ensuring that students meet them.

Furthermore, I believe that the Humanistic Learning Theory might be quite useful for
students with specific needs (special education). Because students with special needs demand
more attention and patience when it comes to learning, I feel that this theory can help
students with special needs as well as ordinary students achieve their learning objectives.

4. Cognitivism /Cognitive Constructivism

It is a form of learning theory that is related to Behaviorism Theory in terms of its emphasis
on the person, but differs in the way pupils are thought about and taught. Motivation, positive
reinforcement, and penalties were used in behaviorism theory to teach students, however in
cognitive learning theory, motivation is mostly internal.

This theory can be put into practice in the classroom by teachers who encourage students to
participate fully in the lessons, as well as by assessing and reinforcing what they think of the
lesson. Allowing students to develop their cognitive skills and produce ideas in a classroom
can help them realize their full potential in problem-solving and problem-analysis, which
they may apply to real-world problems and situations.

In this learning approach, both students and teachers play a significant role. Students will
endeavor to design ideas for successful learning while teachers will create a learning
environment that seeks what lies beyond their imagination through various teaching tactics.

5. Constructivism and Social Constructivism

Constructivism is a theory of learning that posits that people build their own knowledge and
that it is shaped by their own experiences. This theory emphasizes the importance of
experience-based learning, which can be influenced by the combination of new information
and new situations. Learning can be achieved through interactions between peers, teachers,
or other individuals, according to social constructivism.

This approach, in my opinion, can be used to improve student-teacher or student-student

interactions both inside and outside of the classroom. This approach may be applied to all
levels of education, especially now that we are in the midst of a pandemic. The development
of two parties in learning will be aided by mutual and social contacts between professors and
pupils. To gain knowledge, kids need to engage with their teachers in the classroom, and I
feel that in these types of learning environments, teachers and students should set aside time
to communicate and learn online.