Math DSE Revision

Revision on Junior Form Transformations plus Rectangular and Polar Coordinates

I) Four Main Transformations:
A) Translation 上下左右移動 (size of the shape will not be changed)
e.g.) Write down the rectangular coordinates of the point of image by translating
P(4, −3) upwards by 5 units and then translating to the left by 7 units.
image = (−3, 2) .

B) Reflection 鏡像反射 (most likely reflect with respect to horizontal/vertical line(s))

e.g.) Write down the rectangular coordinates of the point of image by reflecting
P(4, −3) with respect to x-axis.
image = (4,3) .

C) Rotation 旋轉 (most likely rotate about the origin/pole O)

e.g.) Write down the rectangular coordinates of the point of image by rotating
P(4, −3) clockwise about origin O through 90 .
image = (−3, −4) .
Link
D) Enlargement/Reduction 放大/縮小 (rarely asked)

II) Polar coordinates: 105 90 75

120 60 Link

135 45
150
P(r,  ) 30
165 r 15

 0
180 X
O 1 2 3 4 5 6
195 345

210 330
225 315
240 300
255 270 285
Point O: Pole
Axis OX: Polar axis
The distance OP (r): radius
The angle measured anti-clockwise from OX to OP (  ): polar angle
The ordered pair (r ,  ) : polar coordinates
The whole figure: polar coordinate plane / system

In the figure, P = (4,30) .

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12MCQ23) The rectangular coordinates of the point P are (−3, −3 3) . If P is rotated
anticlockwise about the origin through 90 , then the polar coordinates of its
image are
A. (3,150) .
B. (3,330) .
C. (6,150) .
D. (6,330) .

14MCQ23) The rectangular coordinates of the point P are ( −1, 3) . If P is reflected

with respect to the x-axis, then the polar coordinates of its image are
A. (2, 210) .
B. (2, 240) .
C. (4, 210) .
D. (4, 240) .

15MCQ23) The rectangular coordinates of the point A are ( 3, −1) . If A is reflected

with respect to the y-axis, then the polar coordinates of its image are
A. (1, 210) .
B. (1, 240) .
C. (2, 210) .
D. (2, 240) .

17MCQ25) The polar coordinates of the points P , Q and R are (3,160) ,

(4, 280) and (6,340) respectively. The perpendicular distance from Q to
PR is
A. 2 .
B. 3 .
C. 2 3 .
D. 3 3 .

18MCQ24) The polar coordinates of the points C , D and E are (16,127) ,

(12, 217) and (5,307) respectively. Find the perimeter of CDE .
A. 54
B. 78
C. 126
D. 130

19MCQ25) The coordinates of the point A are (−5, −2) . A is translated rightwards by
9 units to the point B . B is then rotated anticlockwise about the origin
through 90 to the point C . Find the y-coordinates of C .
A. −4
B. −2
C. 2
D. 4

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20MCQ24) The point P is translated leftwards by 4 units to the point Q . If the
coordinates of the reflection image of Q with respect to the y-axis are
(5, −1) , then the polar coordinates of P are
A. (1, 45) .
B. (1, 225) .
C. ( 2, 45) .
D. ( 2, 225) .

21MCQ23) The coordinates of the point P are (7, −5) . P is reflected with respect to
the y-axis to the point Q . Q is then rotated clockwise about the origin
through 90 to the point R . Find the x-coordinate of R .
A. −7
B. −5
C. 5
D. 7

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13LQQ6) In a polar coordinate system, O is the pole. The polar coordinates of the
points A and B are (26,10) and (26,130) respectively. Let L be the
axis of reflectional symmetry of OAB .
a) Describe the geometric relationship between L and AOB .
b) Find the polar coordinates of the point of intersection of L and AB .

14LQQ8) The coordinates of the points P and Q are (−3,5) and (2, −7)
respectively. P is rotated anticlockwise about the origin O through 270
to P . Q is translated leftwards by 21 units to Q .
a) Write down the coordinates of P and Q .
b) Prove that PQ is perpendicular to PQ .

16LQQ7) In a polar coordinate system, O is the pole. The polar coordinates of the
points A and B are (12,75) and (12,135) respectively.
a) Find AOB .
b) Find the perimeter of AOB .
c) Write down the number of folds of rotational symmetry of AOB .

17LQQ6) The coordinates of the points A and B are (−3, 4) and (9, −9)
respectively. A is rotated anticlockwise about the origin through 90 to
A . B is the reflection image of B with respect to the x-axis.
a) Write down the coordinates of A and B .
b) Prove that AB is perpendicular to AB .

21LQQ7) In a polar coordinate system, O is the pole. The polar coordinates of the
points P and Q are (r ,80) and (r ,140) respectively, where r is a
positive constant. It is given that the distance between P and Q is 21 .
Find
a) POQ ,
b) r ,
c) the perimeter of OPQ .

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Questions Answers Percentages
a) L is the angle bisector of AOB
13LQQ6 b) (13,70)
a) P = (5,3), Q = (−19, −7)
14LQQ8
b) Prove by product of slope = −1
a) 60
16LQQ7 b) 36
c) 3
a) A = (−4, −3), B = (9,9)
17LQQ6
b) Prove by product of slope = −1
a) 60
21LQQ7 b) 21
c) 63
12MCQ23 D 42%
14MCQ23 B 59%
15MCQ23 C 59%
17MCQ25 C 57%
18MCQ24 A 56%
19MCQ25 D 69%
20MCQ24 D 53%
21MCQ23 B

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