Generalization) Direction: Complete the table below. (Asynchronous Activity) Phases of Models Special Features Curriculum Development
1. Curriculum Overcoming Resistance Change Model- The actual teaching and
Implementation focuses on overcoming resistance to change learning activities that take that is present immediately before or at the place in schools through time the innovation is introduced. interaction between students and teachers, as well as Leadership Obstacle Course Model- puts amongst students themselves, emphasis on the gathering of data to determine for example, how the desired the extent and nature of the resistance in order curriculum is translated into to deal with it appropriately practice and delivered.
Linkage Model- involves a cycle of diagnosis,
search and retrieval, formulation of solution, dissemination and evaluation.
Organizational Development Model- is an
information-processing strategy that enables the system to improve its operation and the quality of interaction among its members to facilitate the introduction of change.
Rand Change Agent Model- is based on the
principle that the success of the implementation of new program depends on the characteristics of the proposed change.
2. Curriculum The process concerned with making decisions Open-minded- is a must-have
Planning about what to learn, why, and how to organize trait for individuals in charge the teaching and learning process taking into of curriculum development. account existing curriculum requirements and Understanding the values of he resources available. At the general level, it previous practice, as well as often results in the definition of a broad the school community and curriculum framework, as well as a syllabus for traditions, is essential. To each subject to be used as reference by ensure that schools provide individual schools at the school level, it the finest program and to involves developing course and assessment prevent impeding the plans for different subjects. At the classroom acceptance of new ideas, all level, it involves developing more detailed components of the school plans for learning units, individual lessons and program must be analyzed lessons sequences and evaluated.
3. Curriculum Tyler’s Objective-Centered Model – -Well-designed curriculum
Evaluation 1. Begin with the behavioral objectives that -Well-planned and have been predetermined. 2. Identify situations that students can express successfully implemented the desired behavior. will mean nothing if there is 3. Select modify or construct suitable no evaluation process to evaluation instruments, and check the determine its worth and value instrument for reliability, validity and objectivity. -Curriculum evaluation 4. Use the instruments to obtain summarized or usually leads to either appraised results. 5. compare the results obtained before and after improving or changing the a given time to see the amount of change that curriculum to make it more takes place. relevant and responsive 6. Analyze the results in order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the program. -Formal process of 7. Use the results to make the necessary determining the quality, value changes in the curriculum or effectiveness of a curriculum. Bradley Effectiveness Model- Horizontal curriculum continuity, instructional based or -It involves value judgment curriculum, curriculum priority, broad both its processes and involvement, long range planning, decision products. making clarity, positive human relations, theory-into practice approach and planned change
Stufflebeam’s Context, Input, Process And
Products (CIPP) Model 1. Content, evaluation, which continuously assess needs and problems in the context to help decisions makers determine goals and objectives. 2. input evaluation, which assesses alternative means for achieving those goals to help decision makers choose optimal means; 3. Process evaluation, which monitors the processes both to ensure that the means are actually being implemented and to make the necessary modifications; and 4. Product evaluation, which compares actual ends with intended ends and leads to a series of recycling decisions.