State Environment Plan WB

STATE
ENVIRONMENT
PLAN
WEST BENGAL
BASED ON DISTRICT
ENVIRONMENT PLANS
Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal

STATE
ENVIRONMENT
PLAN
WEST BENGAL
BASED ON DISTRICT
ENVIRONMENT PLANS
Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary 7
State Environment Plan: The Mandate 18
PART I: Overview and Analysis 21
Theme 1: Waste Management Plan 23
Theme 2: Water Quality Management Plan 57
Theme 3: Domestic Sewage Management Plan 72
Theme 4: Industrial Wastewater Management 77
Theme 5: Mining Management Plan 83
Theme 6: Air Quality Management 89
Theme 7: Noise Pollution Management 108
PART II: Sector-wise Action Plan for Urban Environment Management 111
1. Waste Management 112
2. Water Quality Management 117
3. Domestic Sewage Management 120
4. Industrial Wastewater Management 123
5. Air Quality Management 125
6. Mining Management 130
7. Noise Pollution Management 132
Annexure I 134
Annexure II 140
Annexure III 146
Annexure IV 152
Annexure V 158
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STATE ENVIRONMENT PLAN: WEST BENGAL
Annexure VI 161
Annexure VII 165
Annexure VIII 166
Annexure IX 167
Annexure X 173
Annexure XI 174
Annexure XII 176
Annexure XIII 177
Annexure XIV 193
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Hon’ble National Green Tribunal (NGT) has passed an order on 26 September 2019
in the matter of the Original Application (OA) Number 360/2018 to check compliance
with several statutory requirements related to waste and environment management
and advisories issued in the states. This order was passed in response to the growing
concerns regarding non-compliance with the provisions of Waste Management Rules and
Regulations of 2016, and other relevant rules and regulations related to water quality and
conservation, and air and noise pollution management in the states.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) summarised 7 themes from the order of 26
September 2019, that had directed the state governments to compile information with
reference to the following specific thematic areas viz.:
1. Solid Waste Management Plan
a. Municipal Solid Waste Management
b. Plastic Waste Management
c. C&D Waste Management
d. Hazardous Waste Management
e. E-waste Management
f. Bio-medical Waste Management
2. Water Quality Management Plan

3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan
4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan
5. Air Quality Management Plan
6. Mining Activity Management Plan
7. Noise Pollution Management Plan
This order has directed that such information is to be furnished to the CPCB by the
Chief Secretaries of all the States/UTs. This may include current status, desirable level of
compliance in terms of statutes, and gap between current status and desired levels. The
action proposal needs to address the gap with an action plan including time lines.
The Department of Environment of all States and Union Territories are required to
collect such District Environment Plans of their respective States and finalize the ‘State
Environment Plan’ covering the specific thematic areas. The action for preparation of
State’s Environment Plan shall be monitored by the respective Chief Secretaries of States
and Administration of UTs. Based on the Environment Plans of the States and UTs, the
Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) and CPCB shall
prepare country’s Environment Plan accordingly.
Thus, the State Governments are required to submit a State Environment Plan (SEP) to take
stock of the compliance with the statutory provisions and the action plan to safeguard
against health risk and environmental degradation. Following this order, the Government
of West Bengal has prepared the SEP by compiling information from 23 districts and 125
urban local bodies (ULBs) as per the seven thematic areas.
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The Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal, has coordinated with the
respective districts and the state level departments to prepare this State Environment Plan
(SEP) for the West Bengal. This, as per the NGT order, has assessed the current status,
level of compliance, gap between current status and desired levels and accordingly
recommended sector-wise action plan.
The summary highlights of the Sector-wise assessment and plans are indicated below.
THEME 1: WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

Waste management rules were notified in 2016 for six streams namely municipal solid
waste, plastic waste, construction and demolition (C&D) waste, hazardous waste, e-waste
and bio-medical waste. Since the adoption of these rules has been slow, NGT’s order against
O.A. No. 606/2018 dated 20.08.2018 has asked the States and Union Territories to submit
action plans for implementation of solid waste management rules 2016 by 31.10.2018 and
their execution by 31.12.2019. In response, Government of West Bengal (Environment
Department) has notified constitution of a Special Task Force in every district for
awareness about Solid Waste Management Rules 2016 by involving educational, religious
and social organisations including local Eco-clubs. In response the Governor of West
Bengal has constituted a Special Task Force with representation from District Magistrates,
Superintendent of Police, Regional Officers of the West Bengal Pollution Control Board
and Chairman of the District Legal Service Authority. West Bengal has also formed a State
Level Committee on Solid Waste Management for effective implementation of the Waste
Management Rules 2016.
1.1 Municipal Solid Waste

The Urban Development and Municipal Affairs Department of West Bengal Government
has released a report titled ‘Policy and Strategy on Solid Waste Management for Urban
Areas of West Bengal’ (further written as the state policy) post notification of the Waste
Management Rules 2016. The report identifies unscientific and uncontrolled disposal of
waste in open areas as key concern for the state. Lack of institutional capacity, financial
constraints, insufficient manpower and collection systems, lack of technology and
awareness of the people are other issues that have worsened the situation in the state
leading to severe public health and environmental risks.
According to the note, the 125 ULBs of West Bengal generate about 13,708.58 Tonnes per
day (TPD) of municipal solid waste. Largest generators are Kolkata (4500 TPD), Howrah
(910 TPD), Asansol (654 TPD), Durgapur (402.63 TPD) and Bidhannagar (400 TPD). Kolkata
Municipal Corporation is the only ULB to have notified solid waste byelaws. About 90
per cent of the total wards (2645 nos.) have a door-to-door collection service. However,
segregation practices are weak, about 38 ULBs have facilities for segregated transportation
of waste. Wet waste dominates in the municipal solid waste, while it ranges from 45 to 84
per cent of the total waste. At present, the predominant method of treatment and disposal
is dumping at sanitary landfill or unscientific dumpsites. There are 5 sanitary landfills
and 107 dumpsites. Other than this, 18 ULBs treat their solid waste using composting
methods, material recovery facility and biomethanation with a total capacity of 1772 TPD,
as per the note. Jainagar-Mazilpur has a waste to energy plant (6.2 TPD). West Bengal has
plans in place to develop one waste management cluster at Promod Nagar. It includes a
composting plant of 450 TPD capcity and a refuse derived fuel (RDF) facility and a 100
TPD biomethanation plant. At Kamarhati a 180 TPD facility for composting and RDF is
proposed as well.
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1.2 Plastic Waste

West Bengal generates around 300,236.12 MT of plastic waste annually, according to the
information shared by the West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBSPCB). In an attempt
to curb the use of plastic carry bags, West Bengal Pollution Control Board has issued a ban
on entry, use and sale of these bags in heritage and tourist places. The West Bengal Plastic
Carry Bags and Garbage Control Bill prohibits manufacture, transport, storage and use of
plastics made of recycled plastics. Carry bags of thickness less than 20 microns and cups/
tumblers of thickness less than 40 microns are banned.
As a result of this, plastic carry bags are totally banned in the ecologically sensitive
areas and 40 heritage / tourist sites of West Bengal. 77 municipalities have banned the
manufacturing, use and sale of plastic carry bags of thickness less than 50 micron and 18
municipalities banned use of single use plastic. Workshops are also being carried out to
create awareness among different plastic waste generator and initiative are being taken
to promote eco-friendly products as an alternative to plastic.
1.3 Construction and Demolition Waste

Around 22 ULBs have reported data on segregated Construction and Demolition (C&D)
waste according to the CPCB model DEP template, while majority of the C&D waste
remains mixed with the municipal solid waste. Kharagpur municipality is reported to
generate 33.6 MT per day followed by Raiganj Municipality with 15 MT/day. A 1000 TPD
capacity plant is in process to be developed for C&D waste management.
1.4 E-waste
In West Bengal, only Kolkata Municipal Area generated 25,999 MT of e-waste in 2010,
according to the SoE report. Of this, 9290 MT was available for recycling and only 2,022
MT could actually be recycled. The same area was estimated to produce 144,823 MT of
e-waste by 2019-2020. There is severe need for processing facilities in West Bengal. As of
2016, there are only two e-waste dismantlers in West Bengal according to WBPCB.
1.5 Bio-medical Waste

According to the the annual report submitted by WBPCB in 2019 as per Form IVA of the
BMW Management Rules 2016, West Bengal generates 41,571.4 kg of BMW every day.
According to CPCB, clinics and hospitals generate bio-medical waste to the tune of 0.6 kg
per bed per day and 1-2 kg per bed per day respectively. Six Common Bio-medical Waste
Treatment Facilities (CBWTF) in West Bengal together cover 8509 HCUs and 126,143 beds
according to the annuial report. Treatment capacity of each CBWTF ranges from 2,217 to
9,207 kg per day constituting a total treatment capacity of 41,571.4 kg per day. All these
CBWTFs use incineration and autoclaving for treatment. The proportion of waste treated
by incineration and autoclaving. Only Kokata use microwaving for treatment. As per the
data reported by the ULBs, almost all ULBs have reported requirement of CBWTFs.
1.6 Hazardous Waste

West Bengal has 809 industries generating hazardous waste according to WBPCB. Howrah
district has the highest number of hazardous waste generating industries with 198 units,
followed by Kolkata with 195 units, South 24 Parganas with 63 units, North 24 Parganas
with 46 units and Hooghly with 48 units. The existing capacity to treat hazardous waste at
Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) in West Bengal is about 420,000 MT per
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annum. One common hazardous waste TSDF has been set up at Saltora in Bankura district
but it is yet to commission. Details on inter-sate movement of hazardous waste suggest that
West Bengal receives about 9179 MT of hazardous waste primarily for recycling purpose.
Jharkhand, Odisha and Sikkim are the top states that send hazardous waste to West Bengal,
for incineration. In return, West Bengal sends about 11522.85 MT to Odisha and 636.87 MT
Chhatisgarh for co-processing in cement plants. In addition, West Bengal sends around
14055 MT to different states for recycling dominated by Odisha (7464.4 MT), followed by
Haryana (1585.08 MT) and Rajasthan (1374.06 MT).
THEME 2: WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN
NGT order against the Original Application No. 673/2018 dated 6.12.2019 asks states to
revise, prepare and implement action plans to restore polluted river stretches. The order
directs 100 per cent treatment of sewage by 31.03.2020 to the extent of in-situ remediation,
commencement of setting up of STPs and the work of connecting all the drains and other
sources of generation of sewage to the STPs must be ensured or there will be penalties
as directed in the order dated 22.08.2019. The timeline for completing all steps of the
action plans including completion of setting up of STPS and their commissioning is until
till 31.03.2021.
West Bengal has 17 identified polluted river stretches. Action plans for all these stretches
are approved except two are approved with conditions. River rejuvenation programme
is being implemented in these 17 polluted river stretches and there 59 river monitoring
location under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP). pH values
were within the permissible limits at nearly all the stations. Fecal coliform loading was
found exceeding the permissible value fit for bathing at nearly all monitoring stations as
in August 2020. Dissolved Oxygen levels were found insufficient for both the stations for
Vidyadhari and Churni and about half the stations for Ganga.
In order to curb the pollution of the rivers, West Bengal has adopted alternative treatment
technologies. Jangipur drain feeding into Ganga has been installed with bio/phyto
remediation process as an interim measure. The treatment capacity is about 0.2 MLD.
Necessary chemical dosing has been taken up periodically and as per the test result data,
it is apprehended that the desired test result for waste water may be achieved with the
present treatment process. Similarly, Sreenathpur drain at Churni has been installed with
the same technology with a treatment capacity of 2.79 MLD. Work is in progress for the
same technology for Basko canal feeding into Churni. Nine rivers are proposed to be
installed with in-situ alternative treatment technologies at identified polluting drains.
On pollution due to idol immersion, the Government of West Bengal notified the West
Bengal Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (procedure for Immersion of Idol after
Pujas) Rules in September 2018. These rules mandate Puja Committees to regulate the
physical and chemical characteristics of puja idols. The ULBs and district authorities are
mandated to perform a series of duties from planning of immersion points to collection
debris post-immersion and disposal at the sanitary landfills. Levying immersion fees from
the puja committees and spot fines on non-compliance to the rules are also part of the
duties of the ULBs and district authorities.
To prevent pollution from solid waste, 400 of total 402 drains have been installed with
floating racks/screens to prevent solid waste from falling into the rivers.
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In efforts to harvest rainwater, West Bengal has excavated 28125 new ponds and re-
excavated 5270 existing ponds in the year 2019-20. Purulia district has excavated the
highest number of ponds (6630) followed by Purba Medinipur (3368), Uttar Dinajpur (3202)
and South 24 Parganas (2915). Hooghly has re-excavated the highest number of ponds at
3039. These ponds together constitute an irrigation potential of 55892.94 hectares.
THEME 3: DOMESTIC SEWAGE MANAGEMENT

PLAN
West Bengal generates 2758.07 MLD of sewage in urban areas and has an installed
capacity to treat 671 MLD of sewage as of 2020 according to the WBPCB. Of this, there is an
operational sewage treatment capacity of 286 MLD, whereas 289.7 MLD is non-operational
and 95.51 MLD is partially operational. About 350.58 MLD treatment capacity is under
construction and 351.25 MLD is proposed to be constructed. However, even when this
treatment capacity will be completed and with the existing one fully operational, West
Bengal will have a treatment gap of 1385 MLD. Out of the total 43 existing sewage treatment
plants (STPs) in West Bengal, 7 comply to the discharge norms and remaining 36 do not.
THEME 4: INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER

MANAGEMENT PLAN
There are total 16,259 industries in West Bengal, of these 3927 fall in Red category and
12332 in Orange category as per the data shared by WBPCB.. A large number of industries
are present in Kolkata, North 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hugli and Bardhman districts. Most of
these industries are small scale in size and fall in the Orange category. Currently there are
54 identified GPIs and 400 SPIs in West Bengal. All the GPIs and SPIs (total 454 in number)
are connected to Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP).
There are 345 tanneries that are connected to the Common Effluent Treatment Plant
(CETP) located at Bantala Leather Complex in Kolkata, according to the information
shared by the WBPCB. These tanneries discharge 19.9 MLD of wastewater which is treated
by 4 CETP modules of 5 MLD each (total 20 MLD). CETP of 20 MLD capacity is proposed to
be constructed as well. Installed treatment capacity of all ETPs in the state is 1360.60 MLD
and all comply to the discharge norms.
THEME 5: MINING MANAGEMENT PLAN

Notably, Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts have high mineral reserves and undergo
intensive mining activities. Paschim Medinipur, Purba Burdwan, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri
follow these districts with moderate to high mining activities. Coal mining dominates in
and around Raniganj-Asansol belt. According to the West Bengal State of Environment
report, barytes, copper, gold, kyanite, pyrite and titanium are found in Purulia district;
felspar in Bankura and Purulia districts; lead-zinc in Darjeeling district; granite in Bankura,
Birbhum and Purulia districts; limestone in Bankura and Purulia districts, quartz/silica
sand in Bankura, Hugli and Purulia districts; manganese ore and sillimanite in Paschim
Medinipur district and tungsten and vermiculite in Bankura district. The data base on
mining activities needs more strengthening.
Government of West Bengal enacted the West Bengal Minor Mineral Concession Rules
2016 as per the directions of the Supreme Court and the NGT, however these need to be
strengthened. Most districts meet the environmental conditions for the number of licenses
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issued for mining. Cooch Behar has reported compliance against the eight mining licenses
in the district.
THEME 6: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN

West Bengal has seven non-attainment cities (NACs) under the National Clean Air
Programme (NCAP), namely, Kolkata, Howrah, Barrackpore, Haldia, Asansol, Raniganj and
Durgapur. The NGT order dated 6 August 2019 required these cities to submit the clean air
action plans to the Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) committee. Multi-sector and integrated
clean air action plans have been developed for each of the seven non-attainment cities of
West Bengal. These plans have now been prepared by the state government and approved
by the CPCB for implementation.
West Bengal has 79 air quality monitoring stations spread across 40 cities/towns under the
national air quality monitoring programme according to CPCB. The monitoring stations
are split into manual and real time air quality monitoring stations. The real time monitors
monitor all key regulated pollutants including particulate matter less than 10 micron size
(PM10), particulate matter less than 2.5 micron size (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2),
sulphur dioxide (SO2), Carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3).
Currently, there are two air quality data reporting systems. West Bengal Pollution Control
Board (WBPCB) website reports data from all manual and real-time monitoring stations.
The data from manual stations is reported twice a week whereas the data from real-time
monitoring stations is reported daily. The WBPCB has already estimated the additional
number of manual and real time monitors needed to be established in the non-attainment
cities based on the CPCB criteria. Similar exercise may be carried out for other ULBs for
a more broad-based data generation. WBPCB, as per the action points in the clean air
action plans, has also initiated the process of satellite-based air quality assessment. This is
a useful tool to assess air quality in regions where ground level monitoring is inadequate.
This is an important step forward.
THEME 7: NOISE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

PLAN
Based on the data shared by the district administrations, there are 800 sound level meters
(SLM) and calibrators in the state of West Bengal as of January 2020. Out of these, WBPCB
has 50 SLMs and calibrators each. On the other hand, according to the data reported by
the districts as per the CPCB model DEP template, Jalpaiguri, Kalimpong, Nadia, Cooch
Bihar and Paschim Medinipur districts have reported that the capacity to monitor noise
levels by respective agency is not available. When it comes to implementation of ambient
noise standards, most districts have reported that this is done occasionally. Only Nadia
district has reported to have never implemented ambient noise standards. Purba Burdwan,
Alipurduar and Jalpaiguri districts have reported to regularly implement ambience noise
standards.This points towards the need for well designed noise monitoring grid for
enforcement of noise standadrs.
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Sector-wise Action Plan for Urban

Environment Management
This sector-wise Action Plan for Urban Environment Management has been prepared in
line with the requirement of the NGT directives and the questions listed by the NGT for each
sector. This plan has identified sector-wise key action points, timeline for implementation in
terms of short and medium term and agencies responsible for implementation. All the action
points have been detailed out adequately with the key indicators to define the scope of each
action for effective impact and improvement. This plan is designed to enable monitoring of
progress in each sector. Currently, there is paucity of data nearly in all sectors in the districts
that is expected to improve with implementation and progress monitoring. This plan needs
to be supported by detailed protocol for data generation in all sectors. The Part 2 of this SEP
has identified the policy measures and implementation strategies in a detailed action plan
table. The summary highlight of these measures are as follow.
1. Waste Management plan: summary highlights

Short- to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)
• Implement the priority actions identified by the State Urban Development Agency
in response to the NGT order No. 673/2018 dated 20.09.2018 and 606/2018 dated
16.01.2019 and 02.04.2019.
• Frame and amend waste byelaws incorporating the provisions of solid waste
management (SWM) Rules 2016.
• Take stringent action against illegal dumping in water bodies and low-lying areas and
open burning of solid waste.
• Enable waste segregation at source.
• Enable door-to-door collection, GPS enabled transportation and segregated
neighbourhood storage.
• Facilitate processing of organic waste at a decentralised level.
• Include the informal sector in waste management and disposal.
• Implement a roadmap to reduce plastic use.
• Recognise and integrate the recyclers and dealers with the waste management in
cities.
• Encourage collection centres under the extended producer responsibility (EPR)
model.
• Estimate and characterise C&D waste generation in cities
• Set up strong monitoring and surveillance system for implementation of the C&D
rules and adopt formally on-site dust control measures.
• Set up facilities for recycling of C&D waste to promote recycling and reuse of C&D
waste as construction materials and ensure market uptake of recycled material.
• Impose spot fine on littering.
• Bulk waste generators to set up decentralised waste handling and processing facility
as per the SWM Rules 2016.
• Pay based on waste segregation and not based on weight of mixed waste.
Medium-term action (1 year)
• Urban local bodies to make an action plan on waste management.

• Setup transfer stations instead of secondary storage bins.
• Develop and maintain a waste inventory for major cities of West Bengal.
• Shift completely to scientific landfills and also reduce need for landfill.
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• Initiate bioremediation of the legacy waste at saturated landfill sites.

• Set up a waste management public information dissemination system for different
streams of waste based on the Waste Management Rules 2016.
• Establish monitoring mechanisms for implementation of waste byelaws and action
plans.
• Develop capacity at ULB level.
2. Water Quality Management Plan: summary

highlights
Short to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)
• Mitigate data gaps on water quality and storage.

• Prepare an inventory of water bodies.
• Install continuous Real Time Water Quality Monitoring Station on water bodies.
• Create a water quality monitoring cell.
• Prevent discharge of untreated sewage into the water bodies. Mandate all SPI and Red
and Orange category industries to submit discharge water quality report.
• Conduct ground water surveys to identify quality of groundwater at city level and
identified over exploited, polluted and critical areas.
• Review and strengthen groundwater abstraction and use permit system in force under
The West Bengal Groundwater Resources (Management, Control and Regulation) Act,
2005 that can cap extraction and use at sustainable yield of groundwater only from the
shallow aquifer in each sector.
• All new and existing building complexes and colonies must implement an area-wide
plan for rainwater harvesting.
• Implement periodic (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon) inspection, maintenance and
monitoring programmes for rainwater harvesting structures.
• Take stringent action on illegal dumping of solid waste on river-banks.
• Control all river side activities all year round.
• Prevent encroachment of flood plains.
• Build awareness campaigns on the impact of water pollution on public health.
3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan: summary

highlights
• Mitigate data gaps on sewage and waste water generation.

• Need a city/town-wise database of sewage management.
• Setup decentralised STPs at building and colony level for treatment, recycling and
reuse of water.
• Promote options of separating grey and black water with dual plumbing system or
single stack system with separate recirculation lines for flushing.
• Install Continuous Effluent Monitoring Station (CEMS) at the outlet of STPs to ensure
the these STPs meet the prescribed standards as per CPCB.
• Monitor water quality to ensure sewer lines do not contaminate stormwater drains.
• Mandate industry and construction industry to re-use treated water.
• Promote and mandate water-efficient fixtures in buildings.
• Initiate a public awareness and outreach programme.
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4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan: summary

highlights
• Mitigate data gaps industrial waste water generation etc

• Prepare a zero industrial wastewater plan to minimize the quantity of untreated
wastewater flowing into water bodies.
• Prepare an inventory of the water polluting industries in the catchment of River
Ganga, Hugli and Subarnarekha.
• Take stringent action against the identified industries not meeting discharge standards
and in operation without Consent of WBPCB.
• Review status of installed capacity to treat industrial effluents. Expand treatment
capacity to ensure indiscriminate discharge into water bodies.
• Setup mechanism for regular monitoring and sampling of water quality of rivers and
various drains on monthly basis.
• Build campaigns to spread awareness of water pollution and its impact on human
health.
5. Air Quality Management Plan: summary highlights

• Mitigate data gaps in air quality and pollution sources across districts.
• Set up adequate number of real time automatic monitoring stations as per CPCB
criteria. Use air quality information for daily public information system and
implementation of graded response action plan as needed.
• Satellite-based monitoring for air-shed management
• Carry out emissions inventory and source apportionment studies
• Seven non-attainment cities – Kolkata, Howrah, Barrackpore, Haldia, Raniganj, Asansol
and Durgapur have prepared and are implementing multi-sector clean air action
plans. Expand the scope of these action plans to cover to improve the air quality or
the concerned districts and report progress in all sectors including vehicles and
transport, industry, power plants, construction, waste, solid fuel use in households
and eateries, mining, road dust among others. Frame multi-sector clean air action
plans for other ULBs to prevent worsening of air pollution and enable clean up at the
regional level.
• Industrial pollution control:
o Implement existing standards for particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and
nitrogen oxides (as applicable and notified by MOEF&CC on January 29, 2018
for 16 categories of industries) in and around category A, B and C cities. Ensure
compliance.
o Stringent implementation and monitoring in CEPI industrial areas like Asansol,
Durgapur and Haldia
o Implement clean fuel policy and provide incentives for clean fuels; identify
approved and non-approved fuels like petcoke and furnace oil.
o Implement installation of Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) across
all targeted and applicable polluting industry.
o Identify cumulative impact of industrial emissions such as total load from a
specified area. Ensure compliance through regular testing & CEMS enabled
monitoring.
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o Identify and implement fugitive emission control measures in ancillary units,

material transfer and handling and emissions during industrial processes. Also
ensure comprehensive industrial waste management.
o Accelerate quick adoption of imporved kiln technology like zig zag technology in
all brick kilns
o Enforce restrictions on operations of intensively polluting industries within urban
airshed zones during high pollution periods.
o Develop strategies for pollution control in small scale indusrial units
• Power plant pollution
o Implementation of new power plant standards by 2022, as notified.
o Phase out plan for very old power plants
o Incentive in merit order for power plants meeting new emissions standadrs
earlier
o Fly ash management
• Vehicular pollution control:
o For management of emissions from on-road vehicles strengthen PUC programme,
ensure visual inspection of smokey vehicles, and where applicable implement
remote sensing monitoring.
o Scrappage policy and phase out plan for old vehicles
o Prepare and implement public transport and para transit strategy in all ULBs/
districts
o Augment waking and cycling infrastructure in all ULBs
o Adopt parking area management plan for each ward to identify legal parking
area on-street and off-street, parking pricing strategy etc, to reduce congestion
• Waste management to eliminate open burning of waste and landfill management
• Expand clean energy access to phase out solid fuels in households and eateries
• Adopt road dust management including road sweeping, paving, vegetative cover and
appropriate street design etc
• Adopt and implement measures to prevent burning of crop residues after harvest to
control episodic pollution
6. Mining Management Plan: summary highlights

• Mitigate data gaps and remove data inconsistencies.

• Implement environmental management plans for mining areas based on more
scientific mapping of mining areas. Need stringent monitoring of mining activities.
• Utilise remote sensing data such as multi sensor airborne survey, LAND SAT imageries,
etc. for monitoring.
• Need more aggressive surface sampling, geochemical survey, soil analysis and assays
of minor and major minerals.
• Amend West Bengal Minor Mineral Concession Rules 2016 (“Rules”) and other
regulatory controls to include environmental safeguards for stringency.
• Involve technical experts and community in district environmental impact authority
(DEIA).
• Build capacity of DEIA and awareness of the local representatives.
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7. Noise Pollution Management Plan: summary

highlights
• Mitigate data gaps.

• Install noise pollution monitoring systems based on land use as suggested in the
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control Rules 2000.
• Adopt and implement noise control action plan. Identify silence zones.
• Increase frequency of implementation of ambient noise standards.
• Ban pressure horns
• Enable proper maintenance and service of vehicular engines by establishing
• Build campaigns to spread awareness on sources of noise pollution and its impact on
human health
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STATE ENVIRONMENT PLAN BASED
ON DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT
PLANS
THE MANDATE
The Hon’ble National Green Tribunal (NGT) has passed an order on 26 September 2019 in
the matter of the Original Application (OA) Number 360/2018 to ensure compliance with
several statutory requirements for waste and environment management and advisories
issued in the states (see Annexure XIII). This order was passed to address non-compliance
with the provisions of Waste Management Rules and Regulations of 2016, and other
relevant rules and regulations related to the water quality and conservation, and air and
noise pollution management in the states.
This directive (based on the model District Environment Plan provided by CPCB), has
directed the state governments to assess and prepare action plan for following specific
thematic areas viz.:
The NGT order dated 26 September 2019, has give the following direction:
'The Department of Environment of all States and Union Territories may collect such District
Environment Plans of their respective States and finalize the ‘State Environment Plan’ covering
the specific thematic areas referred in Para-7 including information as contained in Para-8
and template of Model/Models District Environment Plan provided by the CPCB. The action
for preparation of State’s Environment Plan shall be monitored by the respective Chief
Secretaries of States and Administration of UTs . . .'
Such information is to be furnished to the CPCB by the Chief Secretaries of all the States/
UTs indicating current status, desirable level of compliance in terms of statutes, gap
between current status and desired levels and action plan with time lines.
The action for preparation of State’s Environment Plan shall be monitored by the respective
Chief Secretaries of States and Administration of UTs. Based on States and UTs Environment
Plans, Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) and Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB) shall prepare country’s Environment Plan accordingly.
Thus, the States Governments are required to submit a State Environment Plan (SEP) to
18
take stock of the compliance with the statutory provisions and action plan to safeguard
against health risk and environmental degradation.
Accordingly, the Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal, has

coordinated with the respective districts and the state level departments to prepare the
State Environment Plan (SEP) for the West Bengal. This SEP compiles information from 23
districts and 125 urban local bodies (ULBs) as per the seven thematic areas. This has, as
per the order, assessed the current status, level of compliance, gap between current status
and desired levels and recommended sector-wise action plan.
Following this NGT order, Government of West Bengal has collected data and information
from the districts and the concerned state level departments according ot the template
presecribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) to prepare this State
Environment Plan. 23 districts of West Bengal have submitted data for seven themes
according to the the template. These seven themes include:
The 23 districts include 125 urban local bodies (ULBs) covering a population of 20,921,364,
according to the Census 2011 (see Annexure I). This state level action plan i.e. the State
Enviornment Plan (SEP) has emerged from the district environment plans submitted by
the 23 districts as per the template of CPCB. The SEP is based on the data submitted
by districts further substantiated by the other relevant state reports related to the seven
themes. This collective presentation of the District-Wise Environmental Plans as per the
Para 12 of NGT order dated 26.09.2019 is presented as the State Environmental Plan (SEP).
This SEP is divided into two parts:
Part I Ø This section captures the current status of the problem and action and gaps in
implementation in all the seven thematic areas and presents district wise data collated
and analysed for all the 23 districts. The district level data and information has been
collected in the model DEP template provided by CPCB from all the 23 districts and has
been supplemented by state level departments.
Part II Ø This presents the sector-wise action plan for all the seven themes. This captures
action points that are common to all districts as well as those that are more customised for
the respective districts depending on the variation in local situation. The measures have
been derived from the situational analysis carried out in Part 1. This keeps in view the
compliance requirements of the NGT.
19
This SEP is aligned with the existing policies and regulatory requirements in the targeted
sectors, and also with the guiding principles of best practice approach, requirements
of the Sustainable Development Goals, which place responsibility on state and local
governments for framing of the action plan.
The objectives of the State Environment Plan and the District Enviornment Plan are aligned
with the respective policy and regulatory requirements in the targeted sectors as well
as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), which .place responsibility on state and
local governments to develop and implement programmes aligned with the principles of
sustainable growth.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, were

adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end
poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030.
The Government of India has also adopted SDGs. There are seventeen (17) SDGs. SDG
index has been set to indicate the peroformance of the states with SDGs.
It may be noted that the West Bengal falls in the ‘Performers’ category of the SDG index
with a Composite (overall) score of 60. It has performed particularly well in SDG 6: Clean
Water and Sanitation and SDG 15: Life on land with a score of above 80. Other than these,
SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy, SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, SDG
12: Sustainable Consumption and Production and SDG 13: Climate Action, are directly
connected to environment management. SDG index provides improvement year-on-
year against the indicators. West Bengal has registered improvement in 2019 for SDG
6 with more districts becoming open defecation free, with more households having
individual toilets, and more industries complying with wastewater treatment requirement
of the CPCB, compare to 2018 status. Status of waste management related to SDG 11 has
improved. More improvement is needed related to SDG 12 for Sustainable Consumption
and Production and SDG 13 for Climate Action (see Annexure V).
Thus, based on the mandate from the NGT, and in relation to the policy and regulatoyr
requirements and the guiding principles this SEP along with the action plan for all thematic
areas is presented.
20
PART I
OVERVIEW AND
ANALYSIS
THEME 1: WASTE MANAGEMENT
The NGT order in the matter of O.A. No. 606/2018 dated 20.08.2018 has asked the States and
Union Territories to submit action plans for implementation of solid waste management
rules 2016 by 31.10.2018 and their execution by 31.12.2019. These plans should be related
to the problems including handling mixed waste, land acquisition, financial constraints,
lack of capacity, and non-recyclable dry waste processing. The suggested solutions have
focused on waste segregation at source and recovery, decentralized processing, collection
of user fee, strategies for non-recyclable waste among others (see Table 1: Problems and
solutions suggested by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs [MoHUA] for solid waste
management).
Table 1: Problems and solutions suggested by Ministry of

Housing and Urban Affairs for solid waste management
S. no. Problems faced by the States/Union Solution suggested by the MoHUA
Territories
1. Handling mixed waste Segregate waste at source and recover/recycle to the
extent feasible at different stages. Preferred options:
• 50% wet waste - compost/ biomethanization
• 30% dry waste– Recycling
• 15% Dry waste– Combustible
• 5% Inert waste- Landfill
2. Land acquisition Decentralized processing should be encouraged coupled
with source segregation
3. Financial constraints • Collect user fee
• Levy penalty for polluters
• Bulk Waste Generators rules be complied
4. Lack of capacity • Hire services of experts
• Take help of MoHUA/CPCB
5. Non-recyclable dry waste processing • Maximum of non recyclable dry waste should be used
in Cement Plants.
• Low value plastic should be used in road construction.
Source: NGT order in the matter of O.A. No. 606/2018 dated 20.08.2018
The order asks States to conduct performance audits with assistance from Central Public
Health and Environmental Engineering organization (CPHEEO). Parameters have been
suggested for physical evaluation and compliance These parameters include door to door
collection, source segregation, waste storage facilities, transfer stations, transportation,
waste processing, penalty, notification of byelaws among others. (see Table 2: Key
parameters/indicators suggested for solid waste management).
23
Table 2: Key parameters/indicators suggested for solid waste

management
S. No. Key Parameters/Indicators Description of Parameters/Indicators for physical evaluation
1. Door to door collection Segregate waste at source and recover/recycle to the extent
feasible at different stages. Preferred options:
• 50% wet waste - compost/ biomethanization
• 30% Dry waste– Recycling
• 15% Dry waste– Combustible
• 5% Inert waste- Landfill
2. Source segregation Decentralized processing should be encouraged coupled with
source segregation
3. Litter bins and waste • Collect user fee
storage bins • Levy penalty for polluters
• Bulk Waste Generators rules be complied
4. Transfer Stations • Hire services of experts
• Take help of MoHUA/CPCB
5. • Maximum of non recyclable dry waste should be used in
Separate transportation Cement Plants.
• Low value plastic should be used in road construction.
6. Public sweeping • All public and commercial areas to have twice daily sweeping,
including night sweeping and residential areas to have daily
sweeping.
7. Waste Processing • Separate space for segregation, storage, decentralised
• Wet Waste processing of solid waste to be demarcated
• Dry Waste • Establishing systems for home/decentralised and centralised
• MRF Facility composting
• Setting up of MRF Facilities.
8. Scientific Landfill • Setting up common or regional sanitary landfills by all local
bodies for the disposal of permitted waste under the rules
• Systems for the treatment of legacy waste to be established.
9. C&D waste Ensure separate storage, collection and transportation of
construction and demolition wastes.
10 Plastic waste Implementation of ban on plastics below
11. Bulk waste generators Bulk waste generators to set up decentralized waste processing
facilities as per SWM Rules, 2016.
12. Refuse derived fuel (RDF) Mandatory arrangements have to be made by cement plants
to collect and use RDF, from the RDF plants, located within 200
kms.
13. Preventing solid waste from Installation of suitable mechanisms such as screen mesh, grill,
entering into water bodies nets, etc. in water bodies such as nallahs, drains, to arrest solid
waste from entering into water bodies.
14. User fees Waste Generators paying user fee for solid waste management,
as specified in the bye-laws of the local bodies.
15. Penalty provision Prescribe criteria for levying of spot fine for persons who
litters or fails to comply with the provisions of these rules and
delegate powers to officers or local bodies to levy spot fines as
per the byelaws framed.
16. Notification of bye-laws Frame bye-laws incorporating the provisions of MSW Rules,
2016 and ensuring timely implementation.
17. Citizen grievance redressal Resolution of complaints on Swachhata App within SLA.
18. Monitoring mechanism States/ULBs to update month wise targets/action plans on the
online MIS.
Source: NGT order against O.A. No. 606/2018 dated 20.08.2018
24
The order also asks for constitution of an Apex Monitoring Committee, Regional Monitoring
Committees and State Level Committees to oversee the steps to be taken to give effect to
the directions of the order.
Government of West Bengal (Environment Department) has notified constitution of a

Special Task Force in every district for awareness about Solid Waste Management Rules
2016 by involving educational, religious and social organisations including local Eco-
clubs. In response the Governor of West Bengal has constituted a Special Task Force with
representation from District Magistrates, Superintendent of Police, Regional Officers of the
West Bengal Pollution Control Board and Chairman of the District Legal Service Authority.
West Bengal has also formed a State Level Committee on Solid Waste Management for
effective implementation of the Waste Management Rules 2016. It includes representatives
from Environment Department, Health and Family Welfare Department, Panchayat and
Rural Development department, Urban Development and Municipal Affairs Department,
CPCB and WBPCB chaired by a former High Court Judge. Department of MSME and West
Bengal Industrial Development Corporation are also included. The committee’s term is
due on 16 July 2020.
Further, implementation of solid waste management rules and associated monitoring is

to be anchored by the respective Chairman of ULBs and Commissioners of Municipal
Corporation.
1.1. EXISTING POLICIES
The Urban Development and Municipal Affairs Department of West Bengal Government
has released a report titled ‘Policy and Strategy on Solid Waste Management for Urban
Areas of West Bengal’ (further written as the state policy) post notification of the Waste
Management Rules 2016. The report identifies unscientific and uncontrolled disposal of
waste in open areas as key concern in the state. Lack of institutional capacity, financial
constraints, insufficient manpower and collection systems, lack of technology and
awareness level of the people are the other issues that have worsened the situation in the
state leading to severe public health and environmental risks.
According to the state policy, the State Government has started preparing detailed
project reports (DPR) for integrated solid waste management of the Municipal Towns
either in standalone or cluster mode. In standalone mode, one urban local body (ULB) is
responsible for waste management within their jurisdiction, whereas in the cluster mode,
multiple ULBs are to be treated as a single serviceable unit for solid waste management
for sharing resources for related services. A cluster mode is economically feasible when
the ULB is a newly urbanised area and may be devoid of requisite infrastructure and
resources. Objectives of this state initiative are to ensure:
i. Waste segregation at source in two separate litter bins for biodegradable and non-
biodegradable waste
ii. Door to door collection of solid waste
iii. Transportation of waste to dumping grounds through compactors
iv. Segregation of waste at dumping grounds (if required) with a view to process
biodegradable waste either to compost or energy
The policy lays emphasis on sustainable waste management and generation of revenue
from biodegradable waste products such as compost and energy (biogas or refuse derived
25
fuel). Awareness campaigns and use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
tools are also part of the policy to include as much citizens as possible in the integrated
waste management in the state.
1.2. STATE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
In West Bengal, 30 percent of the population lives in urban areas and the remaining in
rural areas. The rural areas do not have organized solid waste management infrastructure
or services, according the State of Environment (SoE) Report of West Bengal. However, a
few schemes have been initiated in Gram Panchayats under the Nirmal Bangla Mission
(State’s adaptation of the Swachh Bharat Mission).
There are 125 ULBs in the state, of which seven are Municipal Corporations and others vary
from small to large scale Municipalities, according to the Census 2011. The autonomous
hill districts of Darjeeling and Kalimpong have five ULBs, namely Darjeeling, Siliguri,
Kurseong, Mirik Kalimpong and is an eco-sensitive geography. These ULBs along with a
few in plains that are places of religious significance – Bolpur, Tarakeshwar, Nabadwip,
Krishnanagar, etc. – witness high tourist footfall and have high floating population. These
ULBs as well as the others need immediate attention in terms of infrastructure for solid
waste management as per the SoE report 2016.
Waste Management Rules 2016 supersede the Municipal Solid Waste (Management and
Handling) Rules 2000. The new rules take within the ambit every local authority, including
the village panchayats of census towns and urban agglomerations. These authorities are
responsible for collection, segregation, storage, transportation, processing and disposal
of municipal solid waste and implement the provisions of the new rules.
The key difference between the two rules is that the new rules make the waste generator
or the user responsible and accountable for enabling integrated waste management. For
instance, waste generators are to mandatorily segregate waste into two or three streams –
biodegradable, non-biodegradable and domestic hazardous, failing to comply to which,
the generators are liable to fines and penalties.
Implementation of municipal solid waste rules need to be strengthened in West Bengal.

At present the WBPCB is not granting aurhoaraizations as the ULBs are yet to fulfil all the
criteria for obtaining authraization. However, the work is going on at a full scale and it is
rexpected that ULBs shall comply in course of time. Only Haldia Municipality has obtained
authoraization till preparation of this plan.
1.3. VOLUME OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
Waste generation is a function of socio-economic characteristics, population density,

culture and climate. With improvement in household incomes, access to diverse consumer
goods is increasing, which is resulting in accelerated generation of solid waste.
Currently,West Bengal’s districts have around 125 ULBs.These ULBs generate about 13708.58
tonnes per day (TPD) according to the information available from the WBSPCB and the data
compiled by SUDA in 2020 (see Annexure I). As per the available data, Kolkata Municipal
Corporation is generating the highest volume of solid waste with 4500 TPD followed by
Howrah Municipal Corporation with 910 TPD (see Map 1: Total solid waste generated).
26
Asansol Municipal Corporation (654 TPD), Durgapur Municipal Corporation (402.63 TPD)
Bidhannagar Municipality (400 TPD), South Dum Dum Municipality (372 TPD) and Siliguri
Municipal Corporation (380 TPD) fall in the next categories of waste generation.
Map 1: Total solid waste generated at ULB level
Source: Data reported by the ULBs, SUDA ; Map created on: 23 October 2020
27
However, these quantity keep varying as generation of waste in a year is dependent on

the scale of activities in that particular year. According to the annual returns submitted to
WBPCB for year 2018-19, 125 ULBs of West Bengal generated about 16,434.22 MT of solid
waste. On an average, per capita waste generation in West Bengal is 592 grams per day,
while highest generation rate is demonstrated by Ashokenagar-Kalyangarh Municipality
(5,735 grams per day) and lowest by Haringhata Municipality (3.26 grams per day)
(see Map 2: Per capita per day solid waste generation . See Annexure II for ULB-wise
information.
Earlier the SOE report 2016 had reported that larger ULBs like Kolkata and Howrah
generated about 600 grams per capita per day of waste. In class I towns (with population
100,000 and above), waste generation is about 400 grams per capita per day and in
smaller towns, it is around 300 grams per capita per day. For ease of estimation, the SoE
report suggests 435 grams per capita per day as the weighted average rate for municipal
waste generation, while the average density of mixed solid waste is 500 kg/m3.
It appears that ususally for most of the municipalities the per capita waste generation
varies between 500 gm – 1000 gm per day, depending on population and economic
conditions.
28
Map 2: Per capita per day solid waste generation
Source: Annual returns submitted to WBPCB for 2018-19; Map created on 7 July 2020
29
1.4. CHARACTERISTICS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID

WASTE
Municipal solid waste (MSW) in West Bengal comprises of organic, inorganic recyclables
and inorganic non-recyclable materials, mostly heterogenous in nature. Around 40-55 per
cent of the MSW is organic, 15-25 per cent is inert or ash, and remaining 25-30 per cent
miscellaneous waste is paper, plastic, clothes, glass, rubber, wood, metals and sanitary
waste as per an analysis of MSW of five towns given in the SoE 2016 report. Around 50
percent of the miscellaneous waste is recyclable. (Graph 1: Composition of solid waste in
West Bengal).
Graph 1: Composition of solid waste in West Bengal
Paper, plastic,
clothes, glass,
rubber, wood,
metals, sanitary
waste and others 28%
Organic 48%
Inert/Ash 24%
Source: State of Environment – West Bengal, 2016
According to the SoE 2016 report, qualitative analysis of the MSW of the same towns
revealed average Carbon/Nitrogen ratio to be 15.28, average moisture content as 46.15
per cent and average calorific value as 1431.78 Kcal per kg. This calorific value is higher
than the national range of 800-1200 kcal per kg. This means that the sample towns have
higher access to packaged consumer goods, which may not be applicable to the entire
state.
Characteristics of waste determine the treatment method and subsequent disposal. Since
there is scarcity of land in rapidly urbanising areas, minimizing requirement for sanitary
landfills should take focus for solid waste management in the state. To enable this, being
informed on the composition and characteristics of waste bears great significance. It
becomes highly important to keep a local or ULB level inventory of characteristics of
waste to enable effective waste management.
Data reported by the 125 ULBs of the 23 districts reveal that the wet waste dominates
the total solid waste, which ranges from 40 per cent to 84 per cent of the total waste (see
30
Annexure I). ULBs where the proportion of wet waste is lesser than the dry waste are
Cooch Behar, Mathabhanga, Tufanganj, Mirik Notified Area, Siliguri Municipal Coporation,
Bhadreswar, Champdany, Hooghly Chinsurah, Serampore and Jiaganj-Azimganj (See Map
3: Percentage distribution of dry and wet solid waste).
Map 3: Percentage distribution of dry and wet solid waste
Source: Data reported by the ULBs, SUDA ; Map created on: 16 July 2020
31
Operations and Infrastructure

While the ULBs do engage in street sweeping, collection of waste, transportation and
disposal, most of the process is unorganized wherein the collected waste is dumped
unscientifically at low-lying and vacant areas, according to the state policy report. This
puts natural resources at great risk through leachates from waste contaminating the water
bodies, groundwater reserves and soil. Wastes like plastics, E-waste, ceramics, metal
scraps, etc. when keep lying unattended at dumping sites have a chemical impact on the
land where they change the pH of the soil irreversibly. This is very critical for a state that
has an eco-sensitive geography with hills, river plains and wetlands.
For sustainable waste management, segregation at household level, door-to-door

collection and transportation of segregated waste and treatment of respective streams of
waste and minimum disposal at sanitary landfill sites needs to be enabled in West Bengal.
1.5. COLLECTION
On an average, 90 per cent of the total wards (around 2645) in West Bengal have a door-
to-door waste collection service The data submitted by the ULBs and compiled by SUDA
reveals 105 ULBs collect solid waste from the households’ doorsteps (see Map 4: Door-to-
door collection of MSW in ULBs). Door-to-door collection is not being done in 12 ULBs,
whereas 8 ULBs reported ‘partial’ door-to-door collection service. This means some of the
beats or wards of the ULBs have door-to-door collection; not all of them. (see Annexure I
for details).
Primary modes of waste collection are wheelbarrows, tricycles and push carts, while these
collection vessels are not compartmentalized. The SOE 2016 report mentions number of
staff engaged in door-to-door collection varies from as low as 13 per cent to as high as 90
per cent of the required capacity.
According to the annual returns submitted to WBPCB for 2018-19, collection rate or
efficiency is 100 per cent in 24 ULBs. 79 ULBs are able to collect to more than half to almost
all of their solid waste. Collection efficiency is below 50 per cent for 22 ULBs. (see Map 5:
Collection efficiency for solid waste generated in ULBs and Annexure II).
32
Map 4: Door-to-door collection of MSW in ULBs
Note: Data not reported by Dhulian Municipality.
Source: Data reported by the ULBs, SUDA; Map created on: 7 July 2020
33
Map 5: Collection efficiency for solid waste generated in ULBs
34
1.6. TRANSPORTATION OF WASTE

According to the state’s policy report, all Municipal Towns have been provided with either
moveable or stationary compactors for proper transportation and disposal at the dumping
sites. A few urban local bodies have been provided with battery operated hydraulic tipper
for collection in areas with narrow roads.
Data on segregated transport as reported by the ULBs and SUDA (see Annexure I) shows
that 38 ULBs have facilities for or are doing segregated transport of municipal solid waste.
15 ULBs stated that they are implementing ‘partial’ segregated transportation of MSW.
These ULBs include Kolkata Municipal Corporation, Howrah Municipal Corporation,
Asansol Municipal Corporation among others. Majority of ULBs do not have facilities for
or do not conduct segregated transportation (see Map 6: Segregated waste transportation
by ULBs). Only Kalyani, Baidyabati, Konnagar and Rishra Municipalities have reported 100
per cent segregated transportation of the MSW. Data shared by WBPCB suggests about
20 per cent of total wards (588 wards) are practicing segregation at source. Information
on types of vehicles used for transporting MSW is given in Annexure IV, according to the
annual returns submitted to WBPCB for 2018-19.
In the absence of municipal services to collect waste, there is a practice of households

employing private individuals to collect and dispose of waste informally. These individuals
dump the collected waste at vacant land parcels at their discretion. This means that not
only municipal services need to be scaled up to reach every household but that is also
a need for awareness campaigns to segregate waste at household levels. Only then it is
possible to enable transportation infrastructure to collect and transport the waste from
households in a segregated manner.
35
Map 6: Segregated waste transportation by ULBs
36
Treatment and Disposal

There is great opportunity for West Bengal to scale up efforts in treatment of MSW. At
present, the predominant method of treatment and disposal is dumping at sanitary landfill
or at unscientific dumpsites. However, 18 ULBs have reported that they treat their solid
waste using composting methods, material recovery facility, biomethanation and waste to
energy plant (see Table 3: ULBs with their existing treatment capacity for MSW).
Table 3: ULBs with their existing treatment capacity for MSW

Name of ULB Quantity of MWS being Type of processing facility
processed (TPD)
Baidyabati 48 Composting plant
Bhatpara 78 Composting plant
Champdany 19 Composting plant
Haldia 70 Composting plant and material recovery facility
Howrah MC 60 Composting plant
Jainagar-Mazilpur 6.2 Waste to Energy
Jiaganj-Azimganj 3 Material Recovery Facility
Kalimpong 16 Material Recovery Facility and Biomethenation
Kolkata MC 1207.7 Composting plant and material recovery facility
Konnagar 5.5 Composting plant and material recovery facility
Krishnanagar 130 Composting plant
Maheshtala 8.2 Composting plant
Mal 0.5 Composting plant
Rajpur-Sonarpur 1.1 Material receovery facility and biomethanation
Rishra 5 Composting plant
Serampore 10 Composting plant
Siliguri 70 Composting plant
Uttarpapa Kotrung 40 Composting plant and material recovery facility
Total 1778.2
Source: Note titled STP information sent by WBPCB dated 16.10.2020
West Bengal has plans in place to develop one waste management cluster at Promod
Nagar. It includes a composting plant of 450 TPD capcity and a refuse derived fuel (RDF)
facility and a 100 TPD biomethanation plant. At Kamarhati a 180 TPD facility for composting
and RDF is proposed as well.
According to the data reported by ULBs and SUDA, Darjeeling, Bhatpara, Haldia, Rajpur
Sobarpore, Baidyabati, Pujali, Maheshtala, Baruipur, Joynagar, Majilpur and Diamond
Harbour have one sanitary landfill each and the remaining ULBS have none (see Map 7:
Number of sanitary landfills). However, the numbers in the annual returns submitted to
WBPCB for 2018-19 draw a different picture (see Annexure III), which needs to be verified.
37
Map 7: Number of sanitary landfills
According to WBPCB, there are about 107 dumpsites in 92 ULBs. This encompasses an
area of 754. 21 acres. According to the annual returns submitted to WBPCB for 2018-
19, Maheshtala Municipality has 18 dumpsites, Birnagar has 3 and Asansol Municipal
Corporation has 5 dumpsites see Map 8: Number of old dump sites for MSW). 32 ULBs
do not have any dumpsite, 68 have one each and 19 ULBs have 2 each (see Annexure III).
38
These old dump sites are understood as mainly un-engineered disposal areas that need
remediation to prevent contamination of natural resources and health risk.
Map 8: Number of old dump sites for MSW
39
The state policy for solid waste management 2016 identifies land requirement for
waste processing and disposal mainly referring to sorting facilities and construction
of engineered landfills. Only 14 districts represent a minimum requirement of around
360 acres according to the state policy (see Map 9: Minimum land requirement (in
acres) for waste processing and disposal. Of this, Howrah Municipal Corporation only
shows an enormous land requirement of 57 acres. ULBs like Uttarpara Kotran, Hooghly
Chinsurah, Serampore, Krishnagar and Uluberia are the ones next in line demonstrating
land requirement in the range of 9-16 acres. There are about 27 ULBs that require less
than 4 acres of land for sanitary landfills. These ULBs show great opportunity to switch to
decentralised waste treatment and disposal to avoid land resource-intensive methods.
Map 9: Minimum land requirement (in acres) for waste

processing and disposal
Source: Estimation based on State Policy and Strategy for Solid Waste Management for urban areas in West Bengal
40
It is a known fact that ULBs are cash-strapped for effective waste management in most
towns of India. As per the data submitted by the ULBs and SUDA, majority have reported
having adequate funds for operations (see Map 10: Adequacy of funds for operational
expenditure).
Map 10: Adequacy of funds for operational expenditure
41
1.7. NOTIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE BYELAWS

Solid Waste Management Rules 2016 mandates ULBs to prepare and implement their
solid waste byelaws. As citizens or waste generators have been made accountable
under these rules, they have to collaborate with the ULBs to prepare local area plans for
waste management and contribute to the preparation and implementation of solid waste
byelaws. This includes ensuring waste segregation at household level, identification of
collection points for temporary segregated storage of waste, on-site treatment of organic
waste, ensuring segregated transportation of waste and special handling of plastic waste,
construction and demolition waste, biomedical waste and e-waste, among others.
Out of the 125 ULBs, Kolkata Municipal Corporation has notified byelaws for solid waste
management according to the data reported by ULBs and compiled by State Urban
Development Agency (SUDA) (see Map 11: Status of notification of solid waste byelaws
and Annexure I).
42
Map 11: Status of notification of solid waste byelaws
43
1.8. PLASTIC WASTE

According to the State Policy and Strategy of Plastic Waste management for urban
areas of West Bengal, the state is yet to adopt plastic waste management rules 2016.
As a result, there is uncontrolled dumping of plastic waste in open areas which causes
serious environmental hazards and threats to public health. The state has set the goal of
‘Towards Zero Plastic Waste’ that places change in public behavior at the core of plastic
waste management strategy. This also includes minimizing use of goods that use plastic,
recycling and advancement in packaging of supply chain goods that use non-plastic and
eco-friendly materials.
The main types of plastic that are used in daily lives include carry bags, bottles, packaging
films, wrapping materials, fluid containers, toys, disposable crockery and cutlery, cables,
pipes, floorings, and other household and engineering applications. These conventional
(petro-based) plastics are non-biodegradable and remain in the environment for
hundreds of years. Unscientific disposal of plastics leads to accumulation of plastic waste
into storm-water drains, low-lying areas, riverbanks, seacoasts, which adds to the climate
vulnerability. When unsegregated plastics reach a neighbourhood waste collection point,
these are often burned openly, which emits toxic gases like carbon monoxide, hydrochloric
acid, amines, nitrides, benzenes, dioxins and furans. The same happens at landfill sites
when plastics get caught in landfill. This is a serious deterrent to the environment and
public health.
At the ground level, plastic waste is yet to be in focus in West Bengal. There is absence of
a proper inventory of plastic waste in the state. ULBs do not know the volume and nature
of plastics being disposed to determine the appropriate handling and processing method
and recycling capacity. Issues such as financial constraints, lack of systems and manpower
for collection and handling, inadequate institutional capacity, lack of technology and
awareness among people are making the situation worse. According to the state policy
on plastic waste, informal sector or rag-pickers salvage plastics at the primary of
neighborhood collection points that accounts for 10-12 per cent of the total waste.
In an attempt to curb the use of plastic carry bags, West Bengal Pollution Control Board
has issued a ban on entry, use and sale of these bags in heritage and tourist places. The
West Bengal Plastic Carry Bags and Garbage Control Bill prohibits manufacture, transport,
storage and use of plastics made of recycled plastics. Carry bags of thickness less than 20
microns and cups/tumblers of thickness less than 40 microns are banned.
As a result of this, plastic carry bags are totally banned in the ecologically sensitive
areas and 40 heritage / tourist sites of West Bengal. 77 municipalities have banned the
manufacturing, use and sale of plastic carry bags of thickness less than 50 micron and 18
municipalities have banned use of single use plastic. Workshops are also being carried
out to create awareness among different plastic waste generator and initiative are being
taken to promote eco-friendly products as an alternative to plastic.
However, the report – State Policy and Strategy for Solid Waste Management in Urban
Areas of West Bengal, has cited a study on use of plastic carry bags in Kolkata that revealed
54 per cent of the vendors and 58 per cent of the consumers interviewed in the sample
survey were using plastic bags of thickness less than 40 microns. Only about 10 per cent
of the plastic bags used were given to registered recyclers, according to the survey.
According to the information available from WBSPCB, West Bengal generates around
44
300,236.12 MT of plastic waste annually. In order to understand ULB level generation, the
state policy on plastic waste prepared by the Government of West Bengal suggest around
9.7 kg per capita of plastic is being used on an average annually in India. Based on this
Kolkata generates highest volume of plastic waste at 43,618 MT in a year as per Census
2011 population. This is followed by Howrah, Asansol, Durgapur and Siliguri ULBs (see
Map 12: Estimated total Plastic Waste Generation (at ULB level) in West Bengal).
Map 12: Estimated total Plastic Waste Generation (at ULB level) in
West Bengal
Source: Estimation based on State Policy and Strategy for Plastic Waste Management for Urban Areas of West Bengal
45
1.9. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE

Around 22 ULBs have reported data on segregated Construction and Demolition (C&D)
waste. In other areas most of the C&D waste remains mixed with the municipal solid waste
(see Map 13: Quantity of segregated construction and demolition waste). Kharagpur
municipality is reported to generate 33.6 MT per day of C&D waste followed by Raiganj
Municipality with 15 MT/day. A 1000 TPD capacity plant is in the process of being
developed for C&D waste management.
Map 13: Quantity of segregated construction and demolition

waste
Source: Data reported by the ULBs; Map created on: 6 June 2020
46
1.10 ELECTRONIC-WASTE
Electronic waste (E-waste) in India generally comprises of large household appliances
(refrigerators and washing machines), IT and telecom (personal computers, laptops,
mobile phones and related accessories) and consumer equipment (television, music
systems, etc). It contains several hazardous materials that need special handling and
processing to prevent any adverse impact on the environment and human health. E-waste
mostly has 50 per cent metals iron and steel, 21 per cent plastic, 13 per cent non-ferrous
metals and remaining other elements according to the SoE report.
The major issue with e-waste is its quantum outgrowing the available processing
facilities. Since e-waste is a source of precious metals, facilities with trained personnel are
required to extract these metals and separate out and handle hazardous waste for further
processing. Major pollutants present in e-waste has been mapped (see Table 4: Major
pollutants in e-waste). In order to plan for processing facilities, there is no data on the
volume and characteristics of e-waste.
In West Bengal, only Kolkata Municipal Area generated 25,999 MT of e-waste in 2010,
according to the SoE report. Of this, 9290 MT was available for recycling and only 2,022
MT could actually be recycled. The same area was estimated to produce 144,823 MT of
e-waste by 2019-2020. There is severe need for processing facilities in West Bengal. As of
2016, there are only two e-waste dismantlers in West Bengal according to WBPCB.
Table 4: Major pollutants in e-waste
In India, e-waste management is mostly carried out by informal sector under unregulated
and unsafe conditions. E-waste Management Rules were notified in 2016. The rules
primarily place accountability on the formal sector for scientific management of e-waste
under the ‘Extended Producer Responsibility’. The rules apply to every producer,
consumer or bulk consumer, collection centre, dismantler and recycler of e-waste
involved in the manufacture, sale, purchase and processing of electrical and electronic
equipment or components as specified in Schedule I of the Rules. SPCBs/PCCs and CPCB
are responsible to look after the overall e-waste management.
47
MoEFCC’s guideline for e-waste management suggest the following steps:

1. Assessment of hazard potential of e-waste
a. Identify the e-waste category
b. Identify the e-waste composition or determine it
c. Identify whether a particular component or the entire e-waste is
hazardous
2. Recycling, reuse and recovery
a. Dismantling
b. Segregation of ferrous, non-ferrous metals and plastic
c. Refurbishment and reuse
d. Recycling/recovery of valuable materials
3. Treatment and disposal of dangerous materials and waste
a. Treatment and disposal options
b. Land filling
c. Incineration
With these regulatory systems and guidelines in place, ULBs now need to adopt the
e-waste management rules 2016 and ensure compliance.
1.11. BIO-MEDICAL WASTE
West Bengal ranked 5th in terms of bio-medical waste (BMW) generation among all
the states of India in the year 2014 according to CPCB. Around 46 per cent of this was
left untreated in the state. For the recent years, data is available only for the volume of
BMW treated and disposed. Approximately 23,555.6 kg per day of BMW was treated and
disposed in December 2015 according to the SoE report.
The BMW management rules 2016 require BMW to be stored in separate colour coded
bags/containers and sharps in puncture proof containers. Mutilation and shredding of
waste is prescribed to prevent chances of reuse. Very few health care units (HCU) have
their own on-site bio-medical waste treatment facilities due to lack of economic viability
currently as per the SoE report. Most government and non-government HCUs rely on state
authorised agencies for collection, treatment and disposal of BMW, which are extremely
less in numbers.
Proper handling of BMW at source is a concern. There is lack of awareness about the
rules among the waste generators. Mixing of waste causes operational problems at the
Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Facilities (CBWTF) and render them sub-optimal.
According to the SoE report, non-compliance to the BMW Management Rules 2016 has
been reported especially in the government HCUs.
According to the the annual report submitted by WBPCB as per Form IVA of the BMW
Management Rules 2016, West Bengal generates 41,571.4 kg of BMW every day (see
Annexure XIV). According to CPCB, clinics and hospitals generate bio-medical waste to
the tune of 0.6 kg per bed per day and 1-2 kg per bed per day respectively (see Table 5:
48
Inventory of health care units in West Bengal). The six CBWTF together cover 8509 HCUs
and 126,143 beds according to the annuial report (see Map 14: CBWTFs in West Bengal,
their coverage and treatment capacity). Treatment capacity of each CBWTF ranges from
2,217 to 9,207 kg per day constituting a total treatment capacity of 41,571.4 kg per day.
Captve treatment capacity in the state is 125 kg per day. All these CBWTFs use incineration
and autoclaving for treatment. The proportion of waste treated by incineration and
autoclaving is shown in Map 15: District-wise share of treatment technologies for treating
bio-medical waste. Only Kokata use microwaving for treatment. As per the data reported
by the ULBs, almost all ULBs have reported requirement of CBWTFs.
Map 14: CBWTFs in West Bengal, their coverage and treatment

capacity
Source: Annual report submitted by WBPCB in 2019 as per Form IVA of BMW Management Rules 2016
49
Map 15: District-wise share of treatment technologies for treating

bio-medical waste
Source: Annual report submitted by WBPCB in 2019 as per Form IVA of BMW Management Rules 2016
50
In the wake of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, all ULBs are to follow the Guidelines
for Handling, Treatment and Disposal of Waste Generated during Treatment/Diagnosis/
Quarantine of COVID-19 Patients released on 10th June 2020. Under the guidelines, a
collection bin labeled as “COVID-19” to store COVID-19 waste must be created and kept
separately in temporary storage room prior to handing over to authorized staff of CBWTF.
Separate records of COVID-19 waste generated must be maintained by ULBs.
Table 5: Inventory of health care units in West Bengal

Total number of beds
Number of Under 50-bedded 51-200 bedded Above 200 bedded
District Pathology Labs facilities facilities facilities
Alipurduar 112 508 211 225
Bankura 182 1585 807 250
Birbhum 263 1766 371 300
Burdwan 588 5634 2182 5420
Cooch Bihar 160 884 857 410
Darjeeling 150 2075 1539 2305
Uttar Dinajpur 127 310 60 1049
Dakshin Dinajpur 100 275 100 620
Hooghly 470 3923 877 2601
Howrah 215 1285 1611 1388
Jalpaiguri 103 No data 582 610
Kolkata 461 No data 6128 13859
Malda 130 No data 455 600
Purba Medinipur 236 No data 900 1465
Paschim Medinipur 169 No data 701 2751
Murshidabad 256 No data 1210 2744
Nadia 160 1214 1778 1150
North 24 Parganas 408 3967 5366 2463
Purulia 64 968 378 1050
South 24 Parganas 384 4401 3772 4504
Total 4738 28807 29825 44715

Source: WBPCB
Hazardous waste
According to WBPCB, West Bengal generated about 225209 MT of hazardous waste in
2018-19. Major quantum of this number was contributed by Purba Burdwan (62752.5 MT),
Purba Medinipur (49286.5 MT) and Howrah (31434.4 MT) districts (see Map 16: Quantity
of hazardous waste generated).
51
Map 16: Quantity of hazardous waste generated
Source: WBPCB, 2018-19
West Bengal has 809 industries generating hazardous waste. Howrah district has the highest
number of hazardous waste generating industries with 198 units, followed by Kolkata with
195 units, South 24 Parganas with 63 units, North 24 Parganas with 46 units and Hooghly
with 48 units (see Map 17: Number of hazardous waste generating industries). Dakshin
Dinajpur and Kalimpong districts do not have any hazardous waste generating industry.
52
Map 17: Number of hazardous waste generating industries
Source: WBPCB, 2018-19
Characterisation data of hazardous waste in West Bengal reveals that not all of the waste
requires specific treatment before disposal. The existing capacity to treat hazardous waste
at Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) in West Bengal is about 420,000
MT per annum (see Table 6: Treatment capacity of TSDFs in West Bengal). One common
hazardous waste TSDF has been set up at Saltora in Bankura district but it is yet to be
commissioned.
53
Table 6: Treatment capacity of TSDFs in West Bengal

Treatment method at TSDFs Capacity (MT per annum)
Landfill 120,000
Landfill after treatment 60,000
Incineration 10,000
Storage area 30,000
Alternate fuel & resource facilities 200,000
Source: WBPCB
Available data shows that most of hazardous waste in Cooch Bihar, Hooghly, Jhargram,
North 24 Parganas, Malda and Purba Medinipur is landfillable (see Map 18: Distribution of
hazardous waste based on treatment characteristics). This may be further assessed. High
amount of hazardous waste at Uttar Dinajpur and South 24 Parganas require incineration,
whereas it can be recycled in the remaining districts. Incinerators will require strong siting
policy to keep them away from habitation, as well as selection of best available technology,
effective emissions control systems and monitoring – preferably with continuous emission
monitoring, is needed.
Details on inter-sate movement of hazardous waste suggest that West Bengal receives
about 9179 MT of hazardous waste primarily for recycling purpose (see Table 7: Inter-
state movement of hazardous waste). Jharkhand, Odisha and Sikkim are the top states that
send hazardous waste to West Bengal, for incineration. In return, West Bengal sends about
11522.85 MT to Odisha and 636.87 MT Chhattisgarh for co-processing in cement plants. In
addition, West Bengal sends around 14055 MT to different states for recycling dominated
by Odisha (7464.4 MT), followed by Haryana (1585.08 MT) and Rajasthan (1374.06 MT).
The data presented in thematic maps 1 to 16 indicates that there are gaps in current
status and desirable level in terms of:
i. Achieving 100 percent collection efficiency’

ii. Transportation of segregated waste
iii. Availability of land fill
iv. Removal of legacy waste
v. Estimation and management of Construction and Demolition waste
vi. Channelization of electronic waste
vii. Issuance of Bye law notifications
Based on the review of status of problem and implementation in the waste sector the
policy measures and implementation strategies have been proposed in the sector
wise action plan in Part II. The action plan for waste sector takes into account the
existing rules and regulations at the central level, state level, their provisions and
priniciples, current practices and guidance from best practices. Accordingly, specific
action points related to segregation, collection, reuse recycling facilities and end-
producer responsibility among others have been proposed.
54
Map 18: Distribution of hazardous waste based on treatment

characteristics
Source: WBPCB 2018-19
55
Table 7: Inter-state movement of hazardous waste

Name of State/UT from Purpose Quantity received Quantity sent (MT)
which waste received or (MT)
sent to
Sikkim Disposal at common incinerator 1358.62 0
Odisha Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 1990.26 7464.4
Bihar Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 1.12 845.97
Assam Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 60.78 0
Chattisgarh Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 114.56 80.49
Jharkhand Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 4839.24 20.89
Andhra Pradesh Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 177.83 404.61
Madhya Pradesh Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 398.52 0
Maharashtra Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 100.22 731.46
Rajasthan Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 51.39 1374.06
Uttar Pradesh Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 86.57 827.38
Punjab Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 0 66.6
Haryana Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 0 1585.08
Tamil Nadu Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 0 105.93
Telangana Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 0 72.83
Gujarat Recycling by Schedule IV recyclers 0 475.41
Utilisation in co-processing (cement
Chhattisgarh plants) 0 636.87
Utilisation in co-processing (cement
Odisha plants) 0 11522.72
Total 9179.11 26214.8
Source: WBPCB 2018-19
56
THEME 2: WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
The NGT order in the matter of Original Application No. 673/2018 dated 6.12.2019 has
directed the States Governments to revise, prepare and implement action plans to restore
polluted river stretches. About 108 river stretches nationwide did not have action plans on
the day of this order. The NGT has therefore directed that these action plans be prepared
on priority basis. Further, timeline for execution of the action plan will be two years from
01.04.2019 onwards and the monitoring of the plans may be done not only at the level of
the Chief Secretaries of the States/UTs but also by the CPCB.
The order directs 100 per cent treatment of sewage by 31.03.2020 to the extent of in-
situ remediation, commencement of setting up of STPs and the work of connecting all the
drains and other sources of generation of sewage to the STPs. This will have to be ensured
otherwise there will be penalties as directed in the order dated 22.08.2019.
The timeline for completing all steps of the action plans including completion of setting
up of STPs and their commissioning is until 31.03.2021. Monitoring shall be done by the
Chief Secretaries of the States/UTs and at the national level by the Secretary, Ministry of
Jal Shakti with National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) and CPCB. NMCG will be the
nodal agency for compliance and will submit its report to NGT commencing 01.04.2020.
West Bengal has 17 identified polluted river stretches, out of which all are approved
except two are approved with conditions. There 59 river monitoring locations under the
National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) (see Table 8: Status of Action Plans
(Priority I to IV) approved by CPCB). The designated nodal agencies for preparation and
implementation of action plan are specified (see Table 9: Designated nodal agencies for
polluted river stretches in West Bengal).
Despite an intricate network of three major river basins – Ganga, Brahmaputra and
Subarnarekha – freshwater sources in West Bengal are scarce. Precipitation varies widely
across districts. While Jalpaiguri district receives 3,899 mm of annual rainfall, Purulia in
South Bengal receives 1,329 mm rainfall. About 22 per cent of the precipitation recharges
the groundwater and 33 per cent undergoes evapotranspiration according to the SoE
report.
Table 8: Status of Action Plans (Priority I to IV) approved by CPCB

Identified Polluted Priority I Priority Priority Priority Priority V Total action plans
River Stretches (PRS) PRS approved II PRS III PRS IV PRS PRS* (priority I to IV)
in West Bengal approved approved approved approved by CPCB
task team along
with conditions
17 1 1 7 - 8 2
*Approval of CPCB Task Team is not required for Priority V PRS.
Source: NGT order in the matter of OA No. 673/2018 dated 6.12.2019
57
Table 9:Designated nodal agencies for polluted river stretches in

West Bengal
Sl.No Name of the river Nodal Agency responsible for preparation and
implementation of action plan
1 Ganga & Churni Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority
2 Bidya dhari, Dwarka, Mathabhanga Public Health and Engineering Department
3 Damodar, Barakar Asansol Durgapur Development Authority
4 Mahananda & Tista Siliguri and Jalpaiguri Development Authority
5 Kansai, Jalangi, Shilabati, Rupnarayan, Municipal Engineering Directorate
Kaljani, Karola, Mayrakshi, Dwarakeshwar
West Bengal has 77.06 billion cubic meters (BCM) of surface water and 31.72 BCM of
ground water available annually. Trans-boundary water is available in the state to the tune
of 586 BCM, which has restricted use and not much utilisable. Annual water footprint of
a human being is around 1700 cu.m., while only 1159 cu.m was available per capita in
2011 according to the SoE report. Seven districts were found with annual per capita water
availability below 1700 cu.m. and water stressed. Four districts – Howrah, Kolkata, Nadia
and North 24 Parganas – were found with water availability even below 500 cu.m., facing
absolute water scarcity.
2.1. GROUNDWATER
There are around 1338 groundwater monitoring wells (GWMW) in West Bengal, according
to the Ground Water Year Book of West Bengal 2015-16. Their coverage is such that at least
one well for a geomorphic unit covering 50 sq.km., one well for geologic unit with more
than 150 sq.km. in hard rock areas and 200 sq.km. in soft rock areas is available. The range
of water levels as measured in these wells are available (see Table 10: Range of water
levels in groundwater monitoring wells).
Table 10: Range of water levels in groundwater monitoring wells
Source: Ground Water Year Book of West Bengal 2015-16
58
Northern parts of River Ganga i.e. district Malda, Uttar & Dakshin Dinajpur, Darjeeling,
Koochbehar and Jalpaiguri have depth to water ranging between 2-5 and 5-10 m bgl.
The range is mostly same in the southern part of the state. A deeper water level of the
order of 10-20 m bgl is recorded in all South Bengal districts with significant numbers in
older alluvium covering areas of East Medinipur, Bardhaman, Birbhum, West Medinipur,
Murshidabad and Hugli districts. Deepest water level has been recorded at Hizrole (29.90
m bgl) in Murshidabad district (See Map 19: Depth to water level in January 2016).
Map 19: Depth to water level in January 2016
Source: Ground Water Year Book of West Bengal 2015-16
59
2.2. ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION

OF GROUNDWATER
West Bengal’s groundwater faces arsenic pollution. A sizeable population was found to
be suffering from arsenic related diseases during 1980s. In 2016, arsenic concentration
above 50 microgram per litre (ug/l) was found in 11 municipalities and 18 urban areas of 8
districts (see Map 20: Arsenic contamination affected areas in West Bengal). These districts
are Maldah, Murshidabad, Nadia, Bardhaman, Hugli, Haora, North 24 Parganas and South
24 Parganas. Over view of arsenic contamination in these districts as per the Special Drive
2015-16 is shown in Table 11: Status of Arsenic contamination in groundwater.
Excessive fluoride in groundwater was reported in 1997 for the first time in West Bengal
when its concentration was found as high as 10-16 mg/l according to the SoE report. Such
concentration causes health implications like deformity in bones, fluorosis, dental caries,
etc. about 6.34 million people are exposed to fluoride contamination in West Bengal.
Fluoride concentration above 1.0 mg/l has been reported from Cooch Bihar (1.40 mg/l,
max), Jalpaiguri (2.20 mg/l, max), Darjeeling (2.02 mg/l, max), Uttar Dinajpur (2.50 mg/l,
max), Dakshin Dinajpur (5.18 mg/l, max), Maldah (8.0 mg/l, max), Hugli (6.28 mg/l, max),
Purba Medinipur (1.16 mg/l, max), Paschim Medinipur (4.42 mg/l, max), Bankura (1.90
mg/l, max), Purulia (7.87 mg/l, max), Burdwan (4.03 mg/l, max), Birbhum (17.48 mg/l,
max), South 24 Parganas (1.80 mg/l, max) (see Map 21: Fluoride affected areas of West
Bengal).
Table 11: Status of Arsenic contamination in groundwater
Source: State of Environment - West Bengal 2016
60
Map 20: Arsenic contamination affected areas in West Bengal
61
Map 21: Fluoride affected areas of West Bengal
62
2.2. RAINWATER HARVESTING

In efforts to harvest rainwater, West Bengal has excavated 28125 new ponds and re-
excavated 5270 existing ponds in the year 2019-20 (see Map 22: Rainwater harvesting
measures in West Bengal (excavation of ponds); Map 23: Rainwater harvesting measures
in West Bengal (re-excavation of ponds)). Purulia district has excavated the highest
number of ponds (6630) followed by Purba Medinipur (3368), Uttar Dinajpur (3202) and
South 24 Parganas (2915). Hooghly has re-excavated the highest number of ponds at 3039.
These ponds together constitute an irrigation potential of 55892.94 hectares (see Map 24:
Irrigation potential due to rainwater harvesting measures).
Map 22: Rainwater harvesting measures in West Bengal

(excavation of ponds)
Source: Note on Rainwater Harvesting, Government of West Bengal
63
Map 23: Rainwater harvesting measures in West Bengal (re-

excavation of ponds)
64
Map 24: Irrigation potential due to rainwater harvesting

measures
65
2.3. POLLUTION LOAD IN RIVERS

West Bengal Pollution Control Board in collaboration with the Central Pollution Control
Board, under the National Water Monitoring Programme (NWMP), conducts regular
monitoring of water quality of all major rivers of the State.
There are 13 monitoring stations in the Bhagirathi-Hugli river system. The dissolved
oxygen (DO) level at these stations are generally found above the minimum criteria
level for bathing purpose (5.0 mg/L) (see Table 12: Water quality of the Bhagirathi-
Hugli river system). The biological oxygen demand (BOD) level in river Hugli usually
found marginally above the criteria level for bathing activity (3.0 mg/l). However, the
river system is highly contaminated by bacterial population, making it unfit for bathing,
recreational and drinking purposes without proper disinfection. Micropollutants such as
trace metals, pesticides, etc. were found within limit in the Bhagirathi-Hugli river system.
The DO level in North Bengal rivers also found to be above the minimum criteria level
of 5.0 mg/L but the rivers are contaminated with coliform bacteria (see Table 13: Water
quality of North Bengal rivers). This can support healthy aquatic life in all seasons but is
unfit for human consumption. Major source of pollution for these rivers are anthropogenic
activities on the both sides of these rivers.
In South Bengal rivers, Churni, Mathabhanga and Vidyadhari usually do not have the
minimum dissolved oxygen requirement (5.0 mg/l). This is because Churni-Mathabhanga
receive untreated waste from sugar mills in Bangladesh and remains disconnected from
its feeder. Sewage discharge from North 24 Parganas pollute Vidyadhari. River Dwarkas
hows high BOD due to effluents discharge from hotels near Tarapith (see Table 14: Water
quality of South Bengal rivers).
Table 12: Water quality of the Bhagirathi-Hugli river system

Station Biochemical Oxygen Total Fecal
Dissolved Oxygen
Demand (mg/l.) Coliform Count Coliform Count
(mg/l.)
(MPN/100ml.) (MPN/100ml.)
Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019 Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019 Apr. 2019 Oct. Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019
2019
Khagra 6.50 0.80 1.00 5.60 350000 60000 280000 1300
Baharampore 6.50 0.80 2.70 5.80 350000 50000 280000 23000
Gorabazar 6.50 0.75 2.95 5.70 280000 50000 170000 11000
Nabadwip 7.30 3.40 3.80 5.90 110000 80000 80000 30000
Tribeni 6.90 3.25 2.45 5.30 110000 130000 80,000 80000
Palta Shitalatala 5.90 1.10 2.90 3.50 140000 300000 110000 240000
Palta 6.50 1.35 3.60 5.20 280000 140000 220000 17000
Serampore 6.60 5.45 4.49 5.70 110000 170000 80,000 110000
Dakshineswar 5.70 2.80 5.20 4.80 240000 140000 130000 80000
Howrah Shibpur 5.30 2.25 4.10 4.70 300000 90000 240000 50000
Garden Reach 5.20 2.80 4.95 5.00 220000 110000 170000 70000
Uluberia 5.80 3.65 2.50 5.20 80000 70000 50000 21000
Diamond Harbour 6.30 1.40 2.60 5.60 1700 8000 1300 1300
Patikhali 6.60 3.15 0.45 5.30 33500 11000 17000 3400
Source: Government of West Bengal
66
Table 13: Water quality of North Bengal rivers

Station Biochemical Oxygen Total Fecal
Dissolved Oxygen
Demand (mg/l.) Coliform Count Coliform Count
(mg/l.)
(MPN/100ml.) (MPN/100ml.)
Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019 Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019 Apr. 2019 Oct. Apr. 2019 Oct. 2019
2019
River Mahananda
Siliguri 5.8 6.8 3.1 1.2 90000 14000 21000 6000
Ramghat 5.8 5.2 16 22 350000 130000 170000 80000
River Teesta
Jalpesh -- 7.2 -- 2.1 -- 14000 -- 8000
Siliguri 7.2 7.4 1.6 0.8 17000 11000 5000 2200
River Kaljani
Alipurduar 6.8 7.4 2.8 1.2 11000 13000 3000 3400
River Karola
Jalpaiguri 7.1 7.2 2.1 1.7 7000 9000 2200 2600
River Balason
Khaprail More -- 6.9 -- 1.8 -- 7000 -- 2200
River Jaldhaka
Dhupguri -- 7.1 -- 2.2 -- 14000 -- 5000
River Mechi
Nehaljote -- 7.1 -- 1.2 -- 8000 -- 2300
River Raidak
Alipurduar -- 7.1 -- 2.1 -- 11000 -- 3300
River Siltorsa
Hasimara -- 7.3 -- 1.8 -- 17000 -- 5000
River Torsa
Hasimara -- 6.9 -- 1.9 -- 11000 -- 5000
Ghughumari -- 7.4 -- 2.1 -- 14000 -- 3000
Source: West Bengal State Pollution Control Board
The National green tribunal has identified 17 polluted rivers stretches within the state.
River rejuvenation programme is being implemented in these 17 polluted river stretches
while the action plans for all these stretches have been approved. Fecal coliform loading
was found exceeding the permissible value fit for bathing at nearly all monitoring stations
as of August 2020 (see Table 15: Monitoring of water quality of 17 polluted river stretches).
DO levels were found insufficient for both the stations for Vidyadhari and Churni and
about half the stations for Ganga.
67
Table 14: Water quality of South Bengal rivers

South Bengal Station DO (mgl.) BOD (mgl.) TCC (mgl.) FCC (mgl.)
Rivers
April October April October April 2015 October April 2015 October
2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015
Dishergarh
8.7 8.0 1.4 4.8 3000 90000 1700 50000
Village
Dhenna Village 8.3 7.2 1.9 2.8 3000 22000 2300 17000
Damodar Narainpur 7.6 8.9 2.6 1.4 1400 5000 1400 3000
Mujher Mana 5.2 5.2 3.4 5.5 35000 2700 28000 2200
Burdawan Town 7.5 10.8 1.6 6.2 1700 13000 1300 3400
Asansol Water
Barakar 8.3 8.3 2.1 1.1 8000 3400 5000 3300
Intake Point
Upstream of
4.2 7.8 3.7 3.9 2200 17000 2200 14000
Tarapith
Dwarka
Downstream of
6.0 7.7 5.4 3.6 1100 3400 800 3400
Tarapith
Mayurakshi Suri Town 6.7 7.1 2.6 3.8 400 3400 400 3300
Dwarakeswar Bankura 7.4 10.0 2.1 1.0 NIL 3400 NIL 2800
Kansai Midnapore 9.9 7.7 2.7 2.25 13000 17000 5000 8000
Silabati Ghatal 5.1 6.7 1.4 2.65 2200 7000 1300 2800
Majhadia 1.3 2.5 13.6 7.4 1100000 80000 700000 70000

Churni
Santipur Town 3.5 2.1 5.9 8.57 140000 110000 90000 80000
Mathabhanga Gobindapur 1.5 1.9 14.3 6.8 1700000 110000 1100000 80000
Jalangi Krishna Nagar 8.7 2.4 2.5 3.86 110000 80000 70000 70000
Kolaghat 6.3 5.6 2.1 1.95 13000 28000 5000 14000

Rupnarayan
Geonkhali 6.8 8.0 0.75 2.25 2600 160000 1700 30000
Haroe 1.2 1.8 11.75 8.12 80000 110000 30000 50000

Vidyadhari
Malancha 4.6 1.5 1.2 10.75 50000 50000 23000 30000
Source: West Bengal State Pollution Control Board
68
Table 15: Monitoring of water quality of 17 polluted river stretches status as

of August 2020
Fecal Fecal
DO BOD Total Coliform
Priority River Stations pH Coliform Streptococci
(mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100ml)
(MPN/100ml) (MPN/100ml)
Haroa Bridge 7.29 0.9 8.59 23000 -- 110000
I Vidyadhari Malancha Burning
7.06 1.3 10.00 80000 -- 140000
Ghat
Siliguri 6.05 6.9 2.20 7000 -- 17000
II Mahananda
Ramghat 6.98 4.8 14.00 110000 -- 220000
Baharampore 7.88 5.5 1.10 80000 800 170000
Khagra 8.20 5.7 1.70 50000 220 130000
Gorabazar 7.91 5.2 1.20 8000 330 50000
Nabadwip 8.02 5.6 2.00 13000 500 30000
Tribeni 7.92 4.7 1.60 240000 1300 500000
Serampore 7.92 4.2 2.00 54000 2200 92000
Palta 8.10 4.4 2.00 12000 230 30000
III Ganga
Palta Shitalatala 7.84 4.6 2.45 300000 800 500000
Dakshineshwar 7.70 5.6 3.25 80000 140 170000
Howrah Shibpur 7.27 4.6 2.55 70000 170 170000
Garden Reach 7.25 5.0 2.60 50000 110 130000
Uluberia 7.52 3.9 1.55 30000 70 80000
Diamond Harbour 7.30 5.2 1.20 8000 45 11000
Patikhali 7.54 5.6 0.60 450 -- 2500
Majhadia 7.89 0.9 7.13 8000 -- 27000
III Churni Downstream of
7.73 4.4 2.00 70000 -- 300000
Ranaghat Town
Upstream of Tarapith 7.60 7.6 3.25 21000 -- 28000
III Dwarka Downstream of
7.47 7.1 4.20 24000 -- 54000
Tarapith
Dishergarh Village 7.38 7.9 2.05 3300 -- 4800
Downstream of
IISCO at Dhenna 7.90 7.8 2.30 3400 -- 5800
Village
Narainpur after
7.91 7.8 2.05 2600 -- 3400
Nunia Nullah
Mujher Mana Village
7.63 7.1 3.50 4800 -- 7000
after Tamla Nullah
IV Damodar Andal Downstream 7.55 7.9 1.95 2300 -- 3300
Andal Upstream 7.49 7.9 2.15 2100 -- 3100
Asansol Upstream 7.82 8.1 2.15 2100 -- 3900
Durgapur Upstream 7.58 7.7 1.85 2400 -- 3300
Raniganj
8.14 7.9 2.15 2500 -- 4000
Downstream
Water Intake Point
7.64 8.0 2.55 2200 -- 4100
for Burdwan Town
IV Mathabhanga Gobindapur 7.93 2.2 5.88 30000 -- 80000
69
Fecal Fecal
DO BOD Total Coliform
Priority River Stations pH Coliform Streptococci
(mg/l) (mg/l) (MPN/100ml)
(MPN/100ml) (MPN/100ml)
Midnapore
IV Kansi 7.27 6.6 0.6 7000 -- 28000
Gandhighat
Downstream of
IV Jalangi 7.83 4.9 2.85 400 -- 1300
Krishnanagar
Near Geonkhali 7.44 6.5 0.90 3300 -- 8400
V Rupnarayan
Kolaghat 7.21 6.7 1.70 8400 -- 14000
Water Intake Point
V Mayurakshi 7.58 8.1 1.75 2100 -- 3300
for Suri Town
Water Intake Point
V Dwarakeshwar 8.19 8.0 2.80 2600 -- 3900
for Bankura Town
V Silabati Ghatal 7.39 8.4 1.40 3300 -- 7000
Asansol Water Intake
V Barakar 7.65 8.1 2.45 3300 -- 4800
Point
V Kaljani Alipurduar 7.01 7.2 2.10 5000 -- 11000
V Karola Jalpaiguri 6.81 7.1 1.90 2300 -- 11000
V Teesta Jalpesh 7.12 7.4 0.80 2700 -- 11000
Sevoke 7.20 7.2 1.40 3000 -- 8000
No Criteria
Primary Water Quality Criteria for Bathing Water 6.5-8.5 ≥ 5.0 ≤ 3.0 500 100
value
Source: Monthly Progress Report in the NGT Matter O.A.No.673 of 2018 (in compliance to NGT order dated 24.09.2020) for the State of West Bengal
In order to curb the pollution of the rivers, West Bengal has adopted alternative treatment
technologies. Jangipur drain feeding into Ganga has been installed with bio/phyto
remediation process as an interim measure. The treatment capcity is about 0.2 MLD.
Necessary chemical dosing has been taken up periodically and as per the test result data,
it is apprehended that the desired test result for waste water may be achieved with the
present treatment process. Similarly, Sreenathpur drain at Churni has been installed with
the same technology with a treatment capacity of 2.79 MLD. Work is in progress for the
same technology for Basko canal feeding into Churni. Nine rivers are proposed to be
installed with in-situ alternative treatment technologies at identified polluting drains (See
Table 16: Proposed in-situ treatment using alternative technologies).
On pollution caused by idol immersion during religious festivals, the Government

of West Bengal has notified the West Bengal Prevention and Control of Water Pollution
(procedure for Immersion of Idol after Pujas) Rules in September 2018. These rules
mandate Puja Committees to regulate the physical and chemical characteristics of puja
idols. The ULBs and district authorities are mandated to perform a series of duties from
planning of immersion points to collection of debris post-immersion and disposal at the
sanitary landfills. Levying immersion fees from the puja committees and spot fines on
non-compliance to the rules are also part of the duties of the ULBs and district authorities.
Districts namely Kalimpong, Uttar Dinajpur, Alipurduar, Paschim Burdwan, Purba

Burdwan, Hooghly, Jhargram, Purba Medinipur and South 24 Parganas reported to have
fully controlled riverside open defecation. Darjeeling, Cooch Bihar, Nadia and Bankura
districts have taken measures to partly control open defecation. Remaining districts have
not reported any data.
70
Table 16: Proposed in-situ treatment using alternative technologies

River name Nos. of polluting drains Proposed In-situ treatment details MLD to be treated
Primary treatment for Midnapore for river Kansi by
providing screens, sedimentation tank, followed by
Kansi 2 disinfection by chlorination at out falls of 2 nos. of drains 21.41
(although 26 nos. of drains are very small out of 28 nos.
identified) is proposed.
Primary treatment for river by providing screens,
aeration followed by disinfection by chlorination at out Suri-4.04;
Mayurakshi
falls of 12 nos. of drains at Suri and 14 nos. at Santhia Is Sainthia-2.68
proposed
Rupnarayan 4 sedimentation tank followed by disinfection by 8.37
chlorination at out falls of 4 nos. of drains is proposed.
Jalangi 8 aeration followed by disinfection by chlorination at out 17.45
falls of 8 nos. of drains is proposed.
Primary treatment for Ghatal for river Silabati by
Silabati 4 3.8
disinfection by chlorination at out falls of 4 nos. of drains
is proposed.
Primary treatment for Bankura for river Dwarkeswar
by providing screens, sedimentation tank followed
Dwarekeswar 13 15.1
by disinfection by chlorination at out falls of 13 nos. of
drains Is proposed.
Primary treatment for Alipurduar for river Kaljani by
Kaljani 18 9.33
disinfection by chlorination at out falls of 18 nos. of
drains is proposed.
Primary treatment for Jalpaiguri for river karola by
Korala 47 providing screens and airation arrangement at out falls 12.81
of 47 nos. of drains is proposed.
S&SWM sector KMDA has been entrusted to find out
alternative treatment method for 22 Nos. of drain directly
Ganga 22 discharging to river Ganga where adoption of Bio /
Phyto remediation is not possible as because they are
situated in the tidal influence zone.
Source: Note titled STP information sent by WBPCB dated 16.10.2020
To prevent pollution from solid waste, 400 of total 402 drains have been installed with
floating racks/screens to prevent solid waste from falling into the rivers.
Based on the review of the water management in the districts of West Bengal, appropriate
policy and implementation measures habe been included in the detailed action plan in
the Part 2 of this report.
71
THEME 3: DOMESTIC SEWAGE
MANAGEMENT
According to the data available from WBSPCB, installed capacity for treatment of domestic
sewage in West Bengal is 24.3 per cent. The state generates 2758.07 MLD of sewage in
urban areas and has an installed capacity to treat 671 MLD of sewage as of 2020. Of this,
there is an operational sewage treatment capacity of 286 MLD, whereas 289.7 MLD is non-
operational and 95.51 MLD is partially operational. About 350.58 MLD treatment capacity
is under construction and 351.25 MLD is proposed to be constructed. However, with the
completion of this treatment capacity and with the existing one fully operational, West
Bengal will have a treatment gap of 1385 MLD. Out of the total 43 existing sewage treatment
plants (STPs) in West Bengal, 7 comply with the discharge norms and remaining 36 do not
(see Annexure IX, X, XI on details of STPs in West Bengal).
Kolkata metropolitan area is the largest domestic sewage generator of West Bengal. It is
generating about 2021.3 MLD of sewage that is being treated by KMC and KMDA (see
Table 17: Distribution of sewage generation and treatment in West Bengal).
Table 17: Distribution of sewage generation and treatment in West

Bengal
Particulars Quantity
KMC
Generation 1409 MLD
Treatment 1089 MLD
KMDA
Generation 621.3 MLD
Treatment 57.62 MLD
Municipal Engineering Directorate (MED)
Generation 736.77 MLD
Treatment Nil
Source: WBPCB
West Bengal state is among the largest generator of sewage in India. Due to this, Ganga
Action Plan (GAP) was launched in 1985 to execute major sewerage and sewage works.
Apart from GAP two sewage treatment plants (STPs) of total capacity 52 MLD were
constructed in Siliguri and two STPs of capacities 12 KLD for Mirik and 25 KLD for
Kurseong respectively have been constructed in Darjeeling. New urban areas such as
Bidhannagar has a STP of capacity 27.24 MLD and New Town–Rajarhat has three STPs of
capacity 60 MLD, 32 MLD and 18 MLD respectively for Action Area I and Action Area II are
in construction phase. (see Table 18: List of STPs constructed under Ganga Action Plan).
Namami Gange programme launched in 2014 initiated a comprehensive Sewerage

Integration Scheme with an aim to achieve 100 per cent house sewage connections in
identified town along Ganga and rehabilitation and upgradation of STPs along Ganga.
This scheme is under execution in the towns Kalyani, Gayeshpur, Halisahar, Bhatpara and
Budge Budge. There are however no funds earmarked for sanitation and sewage under the
AMRUT programme in West Bengal.
72
Table 18: List of STPs constructed under Ganga Action Plan
According to the SoE report, most STPs in West Bengal are either malfunctioning or un-
operational. Main reasons are damage to the infrastructure, wastewater load not reaching
the STPs, paucity of operation and maintenance (O&M) funds, lack of technical capacity
for O&M among others.
According to the data reported by the districts, class II (town with population 50,000 to
99,999) and larger towns in Kolkata district are generating about 1400 million litres per
day (MLD) of domestic sewage (see Map 25: Domestic sewage generation in class II cities
and above). It is followed by Paschim Burdwan with 289 MLD of sewage, Jalpaiguri with
226.75 MLD, North 24 Parganas with 80.6 MLD and both Nadia and Hooghly districts with
30 MLD of sewage.
When it comes to treatment of domestic sewage, Kolkata district has roughly 78 per cent
(1089 MLD) of its sewage flowing into water bodies untreated or partially treated (see
Map 26: Quantity of untreated or partially treated sewage flowing into water bodies). It is
followed by Jalpaiguri district that discharges almost 80 per cent of its sewage partially
untreated into water bodies. Paschim Burdwan discharges 57 per cent (164.78 MLD) of its
sewage and North 24 Parganas district discharges 25 per cent (20.84 MLD) of its sewage
partially untreated into water bodies. Remaining districts have not reported any data.
73
Map 25: Domestic sewage generation in class II cities and above
Source: Data reported by districts; Map created on: 5 June 2020
74
Map 26: Quantity of untreated or partially treated sewage flowing

into water bodies
In view of the sewage discharge data, districts have reported a substantial need of
infrastructure for sewage treatment. With a highest demand for STP, Jalpaiguri district has
reported three municipalities in need of STPs (see Map 27: Number of towns reporting
needs of STPs). It is followed by Cooch Bihar with six towns and Uttar Dinajpur, Paschim
75
Burdwan and Nadia with 4 towns each placing the requirement for STPs. North 24 Parganas
district has reported 2 towns and Kokata and Kalimpong both have reported 1 town each
in the need of STPs.
Based on this review, appropriate policy and implementation strategies have been
included in the detailed sector-wise action plan in Part 2 of this report.
Map 27: Number of towns reporting needs of STPs
76
THEME 4: INDUSTRIAL
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
West Bengal is resource rich state with the legacy of industrial hubs. There has been
a heavy concentration of industries like jute mills and presses, cotton ginning, bailing
and weaving mills, textile mills, silk weaving mills, iron and steel foundries, paper and
paperboard mills, glass, rubber, paper tissues, motor car manufacturers and ordinance
factories in South Bengal.
Today manufacturing and engineering industries form the primary industrial segment
followed by agro-based industry. West Bengal is the largest producer of rice in India and
the second largest tea-producing State in India. Rice production for the State totalled 15.4
million tonnes in 2015. During 2014-15, about 329.3 million kg of tea was produced in
West Bengal, accounting for 27.8 per cent of India’s total tea production. At the same time,
the state produced 79.6 per cent of India’s total jute and 25 per cent of country’s leather
exports, according to the SoE report. A state-of the-art leather complex has a capacity to
process 1000 kg/day of raw hides and skins using 35 MLD of water.
Industries in West Bengal are classified into five categories ‘Red’,‘Orange’,‘Green’,‘White’

and ‘Exempted’ in line with the CPCB classification -- while red is the most polluting
and green is least polluting and white has negligible pollution potential. There are total
16,259 industries in West Bengal, of these 3927 fall in Red category and 12332 in Orange
category (see Graph 4: Polluting category wise distribution of industries registered with
West Bengal Pollution Control Board).
Graph 4: Polluting category wise distribution of industries

registered with West Bengal Pollution Control Board
14,000
12,332
12,000
10,000
Axis Title
8,000
6,000
3,927
4,000
2,000
0
Red Orange
Source: West Bengal Pollution Control Board
77
A large number of industries are present in Kolkata, North 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hugli and
Bardhman districts. Most of these industries are small scale in size and fall in the Orange
category.
According to CPCB, Grossly Polluting Industries (GPI) are the industries that discharge
effluents into a water course and (a) handle hazardous substances, or (b) whose untreated
effluent has BOD load of 100 kg per day or more, or (c) a combination of (a) and (b).
Currently there are 54 identified GPIs in West Bengal.
GPIs were redefined as Seriously Polluting Industries (SPI) by the NGT recently. These
are the industries discharging effluents into a water course and the CPCB has classified
33 sectors of industries as SPI sectors. There are 400 SPIs in West Bengal currently. All the
GPIs and SPIs (total 454 in number) are connected to Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP).
There are 345 tanneries that are connected to the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP)
located at Bantala Leather Complex in Kolkata. These tanneries discharge 19.9 MLD of
wastewater which is treated by 4 CETP modules of 5 MLD each (total 20 MLD). CETP of
20 MLD capacity is proposed to be constructed as well. Installed treatment capacity of all
ETPs in the state is 1360.60 MLD.
According to the data reported by the districts, volume of industrial wastewater generated
is available (see Map 28: Total Quantity of industrial wastewater generated in districts of
West Bengal). According to it, 15 districts have reported data on industrial wastewater
discharge. South 24 Parganas district is generating the highest amount of industrial
wastewater to the tune of 2000 MLD. It is followed by Hooghly, Jalpaiguri and Howrah
with 1000 MLD, 210 MLD and 186.67 MLD of industrial wastewater discharge respectively.
Whereas, the number of industries is highest in Howrah with 8603 units discharging
wastewater, followed by Purba Burdwan with 1636 units (see Graph 5: Number of industries
discharging wastewater).
Graph 5: Number of industries discharging wastewater
10,000
8,603
9,000
8,000
7,000
Axis Title
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
1,636
2,000
1,000 179 200 300 522 500 224
40 0 36 108 12 10 74 46
0
Paschim Burdawan
South 24 Paraganas
Purba Medinipur
North 24 Parganas
Purba Burdawan
Uttar Dinajpur
Cooch Bihar
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Alipurduar
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Howrah
Hooghly
Jhargram
Purulia
Source: Data reported by districts as of 5 June 2020
78
Map 28: Total Quantity of industrial wastewater generated in

districts of West Bengal
Source: data reported by the districts; Map created on: 5 June 2020
Darjeeling district has reported almost all the industries to be discharging their wastewater
untreated or partially treated into the water bodies (see Map 29: Quantity of untreated
industrial wastewater discharged into water bodies). Alipurduar district has reported
around 71 per cent of its industrial wastewater going untreated or partially treated into the
water bodies. It is followed by Purulia and Cooch Bihar districts with around 45 per cent,
Paschim Burdwan with 21 per cent and Purba Burdwan with 17 per cent of its industrial
wastewater going untreated or partially treated into water bodies.
79
Howrah district has reported 4888 industries (about 50 per cent) meeting standards,
Murshidabad has reported 40 (100 per cent) and Uttar Dinajpur has 36 (100 per cent)
industries meeting discharge standards (see Map 25: Number of Industries meeting
discharge standards). Purba Burdwan has reported 103 (6.2 per cent), Purba Medinipur
14 (2.6 per cent) , Alipurduar 10 (21.7 per cent) and Paschim Burdwan have reported 8
(3.5 per cent) industries meeting discharge standards. (see Map 30: Number of Industries
meeting discharge standards).
Map 29: Quantity of untreated industrial wastewater discharged

into water bodies
Source: Data reported by the districts; Map created on: 5 June 2020
80
Map 30: Number of Industries meeting discharge standards
Howrah district has reported 47 non-compliance cases in the past 3 months. It is followed
by Purba Burdwan with 46 units and Hooghly with 21 units (based on a sample testing of
46 units in 2019) not meeting discharge standards (see Map 31: Number of Industries not
meeting discharge standards).
81
Map 31: Number of Industries not meeting discharge standards
82
THEME 5: MINING MANAGEMENT
West Bengal is a mineral-rich state. The high availability of mineral resources across the
state has led to extensive mining activities and emergence of mineral-based industries.
Among minor resources, it holds 57 per cent apatite, 14 per cent china clay and 14 per
cent fireclay resources of the country according to the SoE report and Indian Minerals
Yearbook 2014., Feldspar, fireclay and silica sand have seen a rising trend, according to
State Statistical Handbook 2014 (see Graph 6: Trends in production of Minerals of West
Bengal). Producers in West Bengal’s Birbhum district were among the principal producers
of fireclay in the year 2013-14, according the Indian Minerals Yearbook 2014. Production
of fireclay requires mining of the topsoil. It poses a major threat leading to depletion of
the fertile topsoil that takes millions of years to form eventually resulting in soil erosion,
deforestation, land degradation and even desertification.
Graph 6: Trends in production of Minerals of West Bengal
1,00,000
93,733
90,000
80,000 82,423
70,000 71,772
60,000 55,000
Axis Title
50,000
51,130
40,000
30,000 36,868
20,000
5,031 13,560
10,000 2,702
0
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Feldspar Fire Clay Silica Sand

Source: State Statistical Handbook 2014
5.1. MINING INVENTORY OF MAJOR MINERALS
Coal mining dominates in and around Raniganj-Asansol belt. According to the SoE report,
barytes, copper, gold, kyanite, pyrite and titanium are found in Purulia district; felspar
in Bankura and Purulia districts; river sand in Jalpaiguri district; lead-zinc in Darjeeling
district; granite in Bankura, Birbhum and Purulia districts; limestone in Bankura and Purulia
districts, quartz/silica sand in Bankura, Hugli and Purulia districts; manganese ore and
sillimanite in Paschim Medinipur district and tungsten & vermiculite in Bankura district.
83
Table 19: District-wise mining inventory of West Bengal

Mining inventory (District Wise)*
Sl No. District Nos.
1. Bankura 08
2. Birbhum 17
3. Burdwan 107
4. Purulia 15
Total 147
Source: Note on mining inventory WBPCB dated 14.10.2020
Notably, Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts have high mineral reserves and undergo
intensive mining activities (see Table 19: District-wise mining inventory of West Bengal).
Paschim Medinipur, Purba Burdwan, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri follow these districts with
moderate to high mining activities. An inventory of mining of major minerals as reported
by the districts is represented. (See Map 32: Mining inventory of major minerals). The data
base on mining activities needs more strengthening.
It is clear that sand mining is being done in almost every district of West Bengal. As reported
by the districts, it is predominantly from river-bed. This has a serious consequence for the
riverine ecology of West Bengal. Extraction of sand and gravel from rivers, stream, flood
plains and water channels alters the functionalities of the river ecosystems. Sand mining
widens the rivers course that in turn increases the possibility of flooding. Uncontrolled
and unregulated sand mining creates artificial rivulets that cause medico-geological
problems as per the SoE report. Increasing need of sand and aggregates is pushing the
stone crushing activities, especially in Darjeeling and Purulia districts according to the
data submitted. The extent of stone crushing activities is quite high in Birbhum district
according to the SoE report.
5.2. REGULATION OF MINING ACTIVITIES
The state government enacted the West Bengal Minor Mineral Concession Rules 2016 as
per the directions of the Supreme Court and the NGT, however there are critical gaps and
issues in the rules. For instance, the rules provide for a short term mining license that is
completely exempted from social and environmental safeguards as given in the rules.
This includes exemption from environmental clearance and producing a mining plan,
which is severed by lack of adequate monitoring and enforcement.
MoEFCC has now decentralised the process of granting such clearances for sand mining
to state and district levels. The District Environmental Impact Authority (DEIAA) is
issuing environmental clearances for mining under 25 hectares. DEIAA comprises of four
member, three of which are from district administration. In principle, decentralisation is
a step towards better environmental stringency and will also reduce informal and illegal
mining activities. However, it will only be effective when the DEIAA involves scientific
expertise and representatives from the community. Kalimpong district has one riverbed
sand and boulder mining project on Pala river pending with DEIAA.
According to the data submitted by the districts, Purba Burdwan reported the highest number
of mining licenses. It is followed by Dakshin Dinajpur with 131 licenses, Paschim Medinipur
with 88, Jalpaiguri with 77, Jhargram with 73, Alipurduar 69, Paschim burdwan 65, Purulia with
47 and Darjeeling with 38 licenses (see Map 33: Number of mining licenses issued).
84
Map 32: Mining inventory of major minerals
Source: Data submitted by districts; Map created on: 5 June 2020
85
Map 33: Number of mining licenses issued
Source: Data submitted by districts; Map created on: 5 June 2020
86
However, the number of licenses may not be representative of the magnitude of mining
activities. As per information available on area covered under mining activities, Dakshin
Dinajpur has the second highest number of mining licenses reported but the area covered
under mining activities is about 2.35 sq.km. It is lesser than Paschim Medinipur that has
a lower number (88) of mining licenses than Dakshin Dinajpur (131). Purba Medinipur
encompasses a substantial area for mining at 109 sq. km but reported only 9 number of
licenses (see Table 20: Area covered under mining activities (sq. km). Further, the mineral
in question and type of mining activity are crucial elements to understand the overall
environmental impact in the region. For these reasons, mining inventory in West Bengal
needs to be detailed and augmented.
When it comes to environmental compliance, most districts meet the environmental

conditions for the number of licenses issued. Only Cooch Bihar has reported compliance
against the eight mining licenses in the district. Purba Burdwan and Jalpaiguri districts
have reported more number of mining areas meeting environmental conditions than the
number of mining licenses (see Map 34: Number of mining areas meeting Environment
Clearance Conditions). These inconsistencies need to be checked.
Table 20: Area covered under mining activities (sq. km)

District Area covered under mining (sq. km)
Purba Burdwan 1065.61
Paschim Medinipur 202.5
Purba Medinipur 109
Jhargram 3.46
Jalpaiguri 3.14
Dakshin Dinajpur 2.35
Alipurduar 1.53
Darjeeling 1.18
Purulia 0.89
Hooghly 0.41
Uttar Dinajpur 0.31
Cooch Bihar 0.27
Kalimpong 0.03
Source: Data reported by the districts as per the model DEP template provided by CPCB
87
Map 34: Number of mining areas meeting Environment

Clearance Conditions
88
THEME 6: AIR QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
West Bengal has seven non-attainment cities (NACs) under the National Clean Air
Programme (NCAP), namely, Kolkata, Howrah, Barrackpore, Haldia, Asansol, Raniganj and
Durgapur. These cities were added to the then list of 102 cities in 2019 following an NGT
order dated 6 August 2019. The order has directed, ‘Action Plans need to be prepared
by States for the additional 20 NACs on the pattern of 102 NACs within three months and
after its approval by CPCB within two months, States must initiate time bound action on
remediation within next three months.’ These cities require to submit the clean air action
plans to the Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) committee within three months of the order.
These plans have now been prepared and approved by the CPCB for implementation.
Additionally, the NGT order against Original Application No. 681 of 2018 dated 20th
November , 2019 directed all SPCBs/PCCs to install assessed number of air quality
monitoring stations within one year and a quarterly report to be furnished by 01.04.2020.
All these stations must be connected to the CPCB server and the data be displayed with
AQI to public on real-time basis. All 12 notified parameters must be monitored by the
continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations (CAAQMS) and manual stations. These
include Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Particulate Matter (PM10), PM2.5,
Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ammonia (NH3), Lead (Pb), Ozone (O3), Benzene (C6H6), Benzo(a)
pyrene {B(a)P}, Arsenic (As) and Nickel (Ni).
The action plans have been reviewed and approved by a three-member committee of
CPCB for implementation. These action plans have been prepared within the broader
framework of the NCAP that has set a generic target of 20-30 per cent reduction in
particulate pollution by 2024.
The Government of West Bengal has set up a three-tier committee to facilitate framing and
implementation of the clean air plans:
• Steering Committee for implementation of Committee, WB-led by Chief Secretary
• Monitoring Committee for implementation of Committee, WB-led by Principal
Secretary, Environment
• Implementation Committee for NCAP in Kolkata-led by Commissioner, KMC for KMC
area.
• Implementation Committee for NCAP in Districts other than Kolkata led by respective
District Magistrates.
Multi-sector and integrated clean air action plans have been developed for each of the
seven non-attainment cities of West Bengal. For air quality related data, analysis and
management in these cities and their regional air shed, refer to the action plans. However,
poor air quality is a regional problem and pollutant concentration seldom respects city
boundaries. Therefore, all actions demarcated in the City Action Plans can be scaled up
for the entire district and the larger surrounding airshed.
Sectoral plans have been developed with adequate indicators or action points to guide
the scope and depth of action needed to make a difference.
89
It may also be noted that based on the recommendation of 15th Finance Commission the
Union Budget of 2020-21 has allocated sizeable funds for selected ULBs in the country
for air pollution control. Kolkata and Asansol Municipal Corporation are two of such
ULBs. ULBs can leverage this funding to strengthen action in areas under their control
that have direct bearing on the air quality including management of all waste streams,
expansion of walking and cycling network among others. This funding is also available for
strengthening of the air quality monitoring grid. Therefore, a ULB level plan to leverage
this funding is important for air quality improvement.
6.1. AIR QUALITY MONITORING
West Bengal has 79 air quality monitoring stations spread across 40 cities/
towns under the national air quality monitoring programme according to CPCB.
The monitoring stations are split into manual and real time air quality monitoring stations.
The real time monitors monitor all key regulated pollutants including particulate matter
less than 10 micron size (PM10), particulate matter less than 2.5 micron size (PM2.5),
nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), Carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3).
Currently, there are two air quality data reporting systems. West Bengal Pollution Control
Board (WBPCB) website reports data from all manual and real-time monitoring stations.
The data from manual stations is reported twice a week whereas the data from real-time
monitoring stations is reported daily. The location of monitoring systems is available
(see Map 35: Location of air quality monitoring stations in West Bengal and Table # List
of monitoring stations in West Bengal. The state has 79 manual stations spread across 23
districts whereas only 14 real time stations covering only six districts. The WBPCB has
already estimated the additional number of manual and real time monitors needed to
be established in the non-attainment cities based on the CPCB criteria. Similar exercise
may be carried out for other ULBs for a more broadbased data generation especially
in the remaining districts. Additionally, at present most of the monitoring stations (both
manual and real time) are located in urban centres. Rural pockets are not usually covered
under the air quality monitoring network as traditionally most of the emission sources are
located in the city area. (see Table 21: Details of air quality monitoring stations across 23
districts of West Bengal).
WBPCB, as per the action points in the clean air action plans, has also initiated the process
of satellite based air quality assessment. This may be a useful tool to assess air quality in
regions where ground level monitoring is inadequate. This is envisaged as an important
step forward at present
90
Map 35: Location of air quality monitoring stations in West

Bengal
Manual stations (numbers 1-21)
Realtime stations (numbers 7-1)
Source: National Air Quality Monitoring Programme; Map created on: 28 February 2020
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Table 21: Details of air quality monitering stations across 23 districts of

West Bengal
S.No. District City / town / village where No. of Manual No. of Real-time Location of CAAQMS
NAMP Stations are located stations (NAMP) stations (CAAQMS)
1 Alipurduar Alipurduar 1 0
2 South 24 Parganas Baruipur 1 0
Amtala 1 0
3 Pashchim Durgapur 4 1 Sidhu Kanhu Indoor Stadium

Bardhaman
Raniganj 3 0
Asansol 3 1 Asansol Court Area
4 Murshidabad Baharampur 1 0
5 Dakshin Dinajpur Balurghat 1 0
6 Bankura Bankura 1 0
7 North 24 Parganas Barrckpore 3 0
Barasat 1 0
8 Purba Bardhman Bardhaman 1 0
9 Birbhum Rampurhat 1 0
Suri 1 0
Bolpur 1 0
10 Hooghly Dankuni 1 0
Rishra 1 0
Tribeni 1 0
Chinsura 1 0
11 Coochbehar Coochbihar 2 0
12 Darjeeling Siliguri 1 1 Ward-32 Bapupara
Darjeeling 1 0
13 Paschim Kharagpur 1 0
Medinipur
Medinipur 1 0
Ghatal 1 0
14 Purba Medinipur Tamluk 1 0
Haldia 4 1 Haldia
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S.No. District City / town / village where No. of Manual No. of Real-time Location of CAAQMS
NAMP Stations are located stations (NAMP) stations (CAAQMS)
15 Howrah Sankrail 4 Ghusuri,
Padmapukur,
Uluberia 1 Belur Math
3
Howrah 4
16 Jalpaiguri Jalpaiguri 1 0
17 Jhargram Jhargram 1 0
18 Kalimpong Kalimpong 1 0
19 Nadia Ranaghat 1 0
Nadia
Nadia Krishnanagar 1 0
Kalyani 1 0
20 Kolkata Kolkata 21 7 All over Kolkata city
21 Malda Malda 1 0
22 Purulia Purulia 1 0
23 Uttar Dinajpur Raigunj 1 0
Total 79 14
Source: Data collected from http://www.cpcbenvis.nic.in/airpollution/2018/National%20Ambient%20Air%20Quality%20

Monitoring%20Programme%20(NAMP)%20Data%20Year%202018%20CPCB%20ENVIS.pdf for NAMP Stations and
https://app.cpcbccr.com/ccr/#/caaqm-dashboard-all/caaqm-landing for CAAQMS stations. 2020
State of air pollution in West Bengal

PM 10: A major part of the state has very high concentration of PM 10, well above the
national standard of 60 μg/m3. Except Kalimpong and Darjeeling, all other districts have
high consistently high levels of PM 10, with 2019 being an especially bad year (See
Graph 7: PM 10 concentration across major districts in West Bengal in 2017, 2018, 2018).
Notably, Kolkata has shown a slight decline in the PM 10 concentration in 2019, due to the
timely notification and implementation of the Clean Air Action Plan. However, most of the
districts in the industrial belt (Birbhum, Bardhman, Bankura, Purulia, Midnapore, Hooghly
and Howrah) need to reduce their PM levels by more than 70 percent to meet the national
standards.
NO2: The primary source of NO2 is vehicullar exhausts. The levels of NO2 have been
fluctutating in several parts of the state, but remains below the national standards of 40 μg/
m3 in most of the northern districts (See Graph 8: NO2 concentration across major districts
in West Bengal in 2017, 2018, 2018). NO2 levels have increased in Kolkata, Bardhaman
and South 24 Parganas in 2019, possibly due to increase passenger and freight traffic.
This needs to be checked. Additionally, though still below the standard, NO2 levels have
increased by almost 60 percent from 2018 to 2019 across the entire state, and this is a
worrying trend. Strategies such as phasing out of older vehicles, implementation of BS VI
standards and strengtheing the PUC programme need to be urgently pushed in order to
curb this disturbing trend.
93
94
µg/m3 µg/m3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
120
150
180
210
30
60
90
0
KALINGPONG KALINGPONG
2018, 2018
2018, 2018
DARJEELING
2017
DARJEELING
2017
JALPAIGURI
PM10 standard
JALPAIGURI
NO2 Standard
2018
2018
ALIPURDUAR ALIPURDUAR
Source: Analysis of data from WBPCB

2019
KOCHBIHAR KOCHBIHAR
2018
UTTAR DINAJPUR UTTAR DINAJPUR
DAKHIN DINAJPUR DAKHIN DINAJPUR
MALDA MALDA
MURSHIDABAD MURSHIDABAD
BIRBHUM
BIRBHUM
BARDHAMAN BARDHAMAN
PURULIA PURULIA
BANKURA BANKURA
NADIA NADIA
HOOGHLY HOOGHLY
PASCHIM MIDNAPUR
PASCHIM MIDNAPUR
PURBA MIDNAPUR
PURBA MIDNAPUR
JHARGRAM
JHARGRAM
HOWRAH
HOWRAH
KOLKATA
KOLKATA
NORTH-24PG
NORTH-24PG
SOUTH-24PG
Graph 8: NO2 concentration across major districts in West Bengal in 2017,
SOUTH-24PG
Graph 7: PM 10 concentration across major districts in West Bengal in 2017,
Graph 9: SO2 concentration across major districts in West Bengal in 2017,

2018, 2018
16
2017 2018 2019
12
µg/m3
0
KALINGPONG
DARJEELING
JALPAIGURI
ALIPURDUAR
KOCHBIHAR
UTTAR DINAJPUR
DAKHIN DINAJPUR
MALDA
MURSHIDABAD
BIRBHUM
BARDHAMAN
PURULIA
BANKURA
NADIA
HOOGHLY
PASCHIM MIDNAPUR
PURBA MIDNAPUR
JHARGRAM
HOWRAH
KOLKATA
NORTH-24PG
SOUTH-24PG
SO2: The national annual standard for sulphur dioxide is 50 μg/m3 and data collected
between 2017, 2018 and 2019 shows that all the districts are compliant. The highest
concerntration was found to be in Bardhaman, Purba and Paschim Midnapur districts (See
Graph 9: NO2 concentration across major districts in West Bengal in 2017, 2018, 2018).
Timely implementation of actions such as de-supherization of coal have helped in keeping
the levels of SO2 well below the standard. However, it must be noted that in all districts
except Murshidabad, Midnapur and Jhargram, the levels of SO2 have increased sharply
from 2018 to 2019. The reasons for this needs to be investigated and this trend needs to be
reversed at the earliest.
6.2. SOURCES OF POLLUTION

Pollution source inventory and source apportionment studies have not been carried out
at the districts and ULB level across the states. However, the prominent pollution sources
identified by the districts include industries, vehicles, waste especially construction and
demolition (C&D) waste, and power plants among others. Their relative contributon to
the ambient pollution concentration is not yet available. In addition, Murshidabad, Hugli,
Uttar Dinajpur and Dakshin Dinajpur districts have reported brick kilns as the prominent
air polluting source. Small or large industries have been reported as major air polluting
sources by Jalpaiguri, Murshidabad, Hugli, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Purulia.
Alipurduar and Cooch Bihar have identified only small industries, whereas South 24
Parganas and Paschim Burdwan have identified both small and large industries for air
pollution. While Jalpaiguri has identified rice mills to be polluting air quality, sponge iron,
cement and paper mill industries have been identified in Jhargram, according to the data
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submitted by the districts. (see Table 22: District-wise prominent air polluting sources
as perceived by District Administrations and Clean Air Action Plans for non-attainment
cities).
Table 22: District-wise prominent air polluting sources as

perceived by District Administrations and Clean Air Action Plans
for non-attainment cities
District Identification of prominent air polluting sources
Jalpaiguri Large Industry, Unpaved Roads, Rice Mill, Vehicles
Darjeeling Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste,
Murshidabad Large/Medium/ Small Industry, Brick Kiln, vehicular pollution, Thermal power plants
Kalimpong Vehicular pollution

Large Industry, Small Industry, Unpaved Roads, Brick Kiln, Thermal power plants,
Hooghly
Vehicular pollution
Uttar Dinajpur Small Industry / Brick Kiln, Vehicular pollution
Bankura Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Cottage industries (terracotta), Thermal Power plants
Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Road dust, Stone crushers, small industry, foundries,
Howrah
smelting units, rolling mills
Large / Small Industry, Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Thermal Power plants, Iron and
Purulia
Steel Industry
North 24 Parganas Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, , Barrackpore
Birbhum Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, , Thermal Power plants
Dakshin Dinajpur Small Industry / Brick Kiln, Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste,
Nadia Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste,
Jhargram Sponge iron units, cement, paper mill, vehicular pollution
Cooch Bihar Small Industry / Brick Kiln/ Unpaved Roads/ Rice Mill, Vehicular pollution
Small Industry, brick kilns, Thermal power plants, Vehicular pollution, petrochemical
Purba Medinipur
industries in Haldia
Alipurduar Small Industry / Brick Kiln/ Unpaved Roads
Malda Small industries, vehicular pollution, C&D Waste,
Large Industry / Small Industry/ Diesel and Petrol engine/ Vehicles, Thermal Power
South 24 Parganas
plants
Large industry/ Small Industry, Thermal Power Plants, Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste,
Paschim Burdwan
Road dust, Iron and steel processing units
Purba Burdwan Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Thermal power plants
Paschim Medinipur Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Iron and Steel Industry
Kolkata Vehicular pollution, C&D Waste, Road dust, Small industries, Thermal power plants
Source: Data reported by the districts and clean air action plans for Non-Attainment Cities
Currently, pollution-source wise inventory and source apportionment studies have not
been conducted for all districts/ULBs. Such studies have been conducted for Kolkata and
Howrah by NEERI. In addition to these, rapid field assessment done for the other non-
96
attainment cities have helped to identify a broad spectrum of pollution sources. Some
of these are common to all ULBs while a few are specific to a few regions. Broadly, the
pollution sources include industry, power plants, vehicles and transportation systems,
burning of municipal solid waste, construction and demolition waste, solid fuel burning in
households, road dust, mining activities in some regions, and urban greening initiatives.
Local level assessment is needed to quantify the magnitude of the sources and their
relative contribution to the ambient concentration of pollutants.
District wise pollution load: West Bengal has one of the highest number of red category
industries, along with Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Therefore, some of the districts have
a high PM emission potential (See Table 23: Percentages of particulate matter (PM)
emission potential from industrial sources). Predictably, Purba and Pashchim Burdwan
have the highest potential (~30 percent) owing to the presence of a large number of
power plants, steel plants, cement industries and rice mills. The two districts are home
to three of the seven non-attainment cities (Durgapur, Raniganj and Asansol) along with
the extensive Raniganj coal fields. In contrast, Cooch Behar and Nadia district have the
least PM emission potential (0.16 percent). Cooch Behar is marked with a hilly terrain and
green cover, with limited industries. Kolkata too has a very low PM emission potential of
0.18 percent as most industries are banned within city boundaries. Additional laws such
as ban of plying of older vehicles and ban of dirty fuels have been implemented.
Table 23: Percentages of particulate matter (PM) emission

potential from industrial sources
District Percentages of particulate matter (PM)emission potential from industrial sources assuming 2017 as base line
Purba and Paschim Burdwan 29.89

Purulia 23.83
Medinipur East 18.14
Hooghly 12.05
Howrah 2.27
Jalpaiguri 2.09
Bankura 1.88
Murshidabad 1.86
Darjeeling 1.78
24 Pargana North 1.73
Medinipur West 0.99
Dinajpur (N) 0.79
Birbhum 0.77
24 Pargana South 0.48
Alipurduar 0.39
Malda 0.30
Dinajpur (S) 0.25
Kolkata 0.18
Nadia 0.16
Coochbehar 0.16
Note: Does not include brick kilns that operate seasonally. Source: WBPCB
97
The state is home to 14 thermal power plants (See Map 36: Location of Thermal Power
Plants in West Bengal) spread over 10 districts, all of which have a significant bearing on
the ambient air quality within the air shed. As per notification from MoEFCC, all thermal
power plants have to comply with norms by 2022 for SOx, NOx and Particulate matter.
Map 36: Location of Thermal Power Plants in West Bengal
The state also a large number of mining operations particularly concentrated in Burdwan
(both Pashchim and Purba) districts (See Table 24: District Wise Mining Inventory in West
Bengal). Most of these are coal mines, as coal accounts for the majority of the minerals
extracted in the state. Apart from coal, other minerals include apatite, wolframite and
Kyanite. Since mining operations have a significant bearing on the air quality and add to
the problem of resuspended dust, it is imperative to pay more attention to these districts
and increase the number of real time air quality monitoring stations.
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Table 24: District Wise Mining Inventory in West Bengal

Sl No. District Nos.
1. Bankura 08
2. Birbhum 17
3. Burdwan 107
4. Purulia 15
Total 147
Source: WBPCB, as per record of EMIS of the State Board
Already the non-attainment cities have prepared a comprehensive pollution source

wise multi-sector plans with detailed indicators to define the scope of implementation
to be able to meet the NCAP targets. This template can be adopted for a more regional
approach to cover other clusters of ULBs for state-wide impact. The NCAP has already
taken on board the principle of regional approach as pollution moves across municipal
boundaries.
6.3. CLEAN AIR ACTION PLANS
Under the National Clean Air Program (NCAP), West Bengal has seven non-attainment
cities. And each of these cities now have tailor made action plans within the broader
framework of the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) that has set a generic target of
20-30 per cent reduction in particulate pollution by 2024.
The city plans already adopted for the non attainment cities have outlined the nature
and scope of action in different pollution sectors. For instance, according to these plans
the industry sector requires clean fuel transition, stringent enforcement of all emissions
standards, on-line monitoring of stack emissions, control of fugitive emissions and dust,
among others. Power sector requires plant wise plan for adoption of 2015 emissions
standards for particulate matter, nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide by 2022.
Similarly, vehicles require stringent enforcement of on-road emissions monitoring

including strengthening of pollution under control certificate programme (PUC), checking
of visibly polluting vehicles, enforcement of upgraded PUC norms for BSVI vehicles,
scrappage of very old vehicles, implementation of electric vehicle programme especially
for public transport, para transit, two-wheelers etc. In the transportation sector expand
and strengthen public transport services including para transit, expand infrastructure for
walking and cycling, adopt parking policy as a demand management measures.
Action on municipal solid waste will have to align with the regulations as described
in the waste section to stop burning of waste. Construction and demolition waste from
infrastructure projects and buildings will require special attention and adequate
infrastructure will have to be created for segregation, collection, transportation, reuse,
and recycling.
Similar target based action is needed in other sectors. Clean fuel access needs to be
expanded to eliminate use of solid fuels in households and eateries. Wherever applicable
special mining plan needs to be adopted to control pollution from mining activities.
Detailed strategy for street design, and urban landscaping and greening is needed to
control road dust. District-wise multi-sector clean air action plan targeting ULBs based on
99
detailed indicators can help to address state-wide air quality improvement. According
to the state-wide global burden of disease estimate of 2017 show that air pollution is the
third highest health risk factor in West Bengal. Hence, actions mandated in these plans
must be scaled for the entire district and the surrounding airshed, through a District Level
Enforcement Committee that would coordinate with the multiple line departments and
ULBs.
The salient features of the clean air action plans for seven non-attainment cities are
outlined here. This may be taken as a template for expanding the scope of planning and
implementation across districts and lay the foundation of district level action plans. It may
be noted that these plans have assessed local imperatives in cities and identified sector-
wise action plan for each city. For each sector the plans include set of action that are
common to all as these are part of state and national level policies as well as measures
that to some extent are unique to the cities. In addition, as per the directive of the CPCB,
a Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) for emergency action during high pollution days-
especially during winter months when pollution reaches very poor to severe category,
has also been included.
Howrah city and District: The clean air plan for Howrah, and its air shed includes a
total area of 1467 km2 that includes Howrah Sadar and Uluberia subdivision. Kolkata and
Howrah are considered twin cities are part of the same urban continuum. This creates the
opportunity for integrated approach to controlling pollution. Howrah has nine air quality
monitoring stations and data analysed for PM 10 shows that there is an increasing trend in
annual average PM10 levels in Howrah and the city requires to halve the annual average
PM10 concentration to meet the annual standard. Categorisation of daily air pollution data
shows that close to 20 per cent of the days in a year can be in very poor category as per
the National Air Quality Index.
This industrialized region has small and informal as well as large and organized industries.
According to the 2016 State of Environment Report of West Bengal, there are about
38,386 small-, 996 medium- and 1,337 large-scale units that are registered with the West
Bengal Pollution Control Board. The SoE report overall classifies thermal power plants, oil
refineries, petrochemical plants, integrated iron and steel plants, paper and pulp mills,
fertilizer factories, as large- and medium-scale units. On the other hand, foundries, rolling
mills, smelters, galvanizing, dyeing and bleaching units are classified as small-scale
industries.
Howrah is the centre of metal work in the Kolkata Metrpolitan Development Area. Howrah
has large number of foundries, rolling mills, and smelting units. The units employ boilers
and furnaces which, if unchecked, could again result in significant emissions. Two zone
is Howrah has been identified as a critically polluted industrial area by MoEF&CC as the
CEPI score was high In 2010, The WBPCB initiated a series of plans and actions to alleviate
Howrah’s pollution problem.
The Clean Air Plan includes time bound multi-sector action related to stringent emissions
monitoring and enforcement in industry, clean fuel policy including ban on dirty fuels
like furnace oil petcoke, monitoring and compliance and installation and collection
of data through CEMS (as applicable) in industry. For vehicular pollution it includes
emission management of on-road vehicles, implementation of BS VI emissions standards,
strengthening of the PUC program and other on-road emissions control strategies,
expansion of public transport and non-motorized transport, phasing out of older polluting
vehicles, parking policy as a restraint measure, waste management for elimination of
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garbage burning, control construction and demolition waste, use of solid fuels among
others. Howrah has also been declared CEPI town and has a CEPI action plan that can be
mad more stringent for stricter implementation.
Haldia and Purba-Midnapore district: Haldia is a city and a municipality in Purba

Medinipur district and is a major river port and a major hub of petrochemical industries.
The city is considered an industrial belt, and hence action needs to be coordinated with
the specific unit wise steps demarcated in the ‘Action Plan for Polluted Industrial Areas
(PIAs) in West Bengal’, that was prepared after the NGT issued order dated 13th December
2018 (OA Number 1038/2018).
Currently, there are six manual air quality monitoring stations and three real-time stations
in Haldia. Real-time monitoring of PM2.5 is limited. At present, PM2.5 monitoring is
happening at the MCCPTA chemical plant. The real time monitor at Haldia Petrochemicals
does not monitor the particulate matter. According to the data of WBPCB, Haldia requires
to reduce PM10 concentration by approximately 40 per cent to meet the annual standard.
Winter pollution continues to be a major threat, and the number of days violating the
PM10 standard has increased from 39 per cent in 2017 to 45 per cent in 2018.
The industries in Haldia include petrochemicals, chemicals, refineries, oil and gas,
shipping agencies, power, etc. The city also houses several major factories, including South
Asian Petrochemicals Ltd, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), Haldia Energy Limited,
Exide, Shaw Wallace, Tata Chemicals, Haldia Petrochemicals, India Power Corporation
Ltd., Hindustan Lever, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporations, S.J. Constructions and LTC &
Co., other major logistics companies are JAY ROAD CARRIERS which provides affordable
logistics across all channels in India. The city has large resources of coal which is the main
fuel used by the industries. Rice husk is also used. There are three thermal power plants in
and around the city. Pet coke is formed and manufactured in the city.
The multi-sector Clean Air Plan includes measures related to stringent emissions
monitoring and enforcement in industry, clean fuel policy including ban on dirty fuels
like furnace oil petcoke, monitoring and compliance and installation and collection of
data through CEMS (as applicable) in industry. Additionally, Haldia has already been
declared a CEPI area and has a CEPI action plan. There is a special focus on management
of stack and fugitive emissions from the industries. It outlines pollution control approaches
including use of air pollution control devices such as electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and
bag filters along with mandatory use of CEMS for stack monitoring. There are concerns
around enforcement and proper operations of pollution control systems. Management of
small-scale industry is part of the focus.
For vehicular pollution it includes emission management of on-road vehicles,

implementation of BS VI emissions standards, strengthening of the PUC program and
other on-road emissions control strategies, expansion of public transport and non-
motorized transport, phasing out of older polluting vehicles, parking policy as a restraint
measure, waste management for elimination of garbage burning, control construction
and demolition waste, use of solid fuels among others. Detail plan has been provided for
pollution control in thermal power plants.
Raniganj and Pashchim Burdwan District: Raniganj is an industrial town located

at the Paschim Badhaman district. It is adjacent to the Raniganj coal fields. Industrial
emissions, road dust, vehicular emissions, emissions from construction sector and trans-
boundary pollution continue to foul the city and regional air. At present, there are four
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manual monitoring stations in Raniganj. But there are no real time monitoring stations.
The adjacent Raniganj coal fields do not have any monitoring stations. As per the data
received by WBPCB, though the PM 10 concentrations have been gradually decreasing,
Raniganj still requires reducing their PM10 concentration by approximately 66 per cent
to meet the annual standard. Notably, the annual average nitrogen dioxide levels have
declined over the years and is currently meeting the standards.
Asansol and Raniganj are the part of the same air shed. The economy is principally
dependent on coal mines, cement manufacturing units, iron, steel and allied industries,
all of which are dependent on coal. The city has access to large reserves of coal due to
its close proximity to the Raniganj Coal Fields. The city and the larger district also have
newer ventures like heavy engineering industries, fertilizers manufacturing and coal-
based chemical factories.
Emissions from Red Category Industries located in Raniganj (Includes ADDA Industrial
Cluster, Mangalpur) were reviewd. Data was collected from 80 industrial units, including
thermal power plants, sponge iron units and foundries. Area under study included the
Mangalpur Industrial Estate managed by Asansol Durgapur Development Authority
(ADDA). This found several non-compliant units, despite having air pollution control
devices. It is suggested to check for quality of these measures and upgrade to better
technologies. Additionally, around 19 percent industries do not meet the criteria for
requisite stack height.
The multi-sector Clean Air Plan includes stringent emissions monitoring and enforcement
in industry, clean fuel policy including ban on dirty fuels like furnace oil petcoke,
monitoring and compliance and installation and collection of data through CEMS (as
applicable) in industry. There is a special focus on management of stack and fugitive
emissions from the industries. The plan outlines pollution control approaches including
use of air pollution control devices such as electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and bag filters
and more as applicable, along with mandatory use of CEMS for stack monitoring. There
are concerns around enforcement and proper operations of pollution control systems.
For vehicular pollution control strategies include management and monitoring of on-road
vehicles, implementation of BS VI emissions standards, strengthening of the PUC program
and other on-road emissions control strategies, expansion of public transport and non-
motorized transport, phasing out of older polluting vehicles, parking policy as a restraint
measure, waste management for elimination of garbage burning, control construction and
demolition waste, use of solid fuels among others.
Asansol and Pashchim Burdwan District: Asansol is a major industrial town and the
nerve centre of the Pashchim Burdwan district. It is adjacent to Raniganj and the surrounding
coal fields and a part of the same airshed. At present, there are three manual air quality
monitoring stations and one real-time stations in Asansol. The monitors measure all key
pollutants including particulate matter less than 10 micron size (PM10), nitrogen dioxide
(NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), Carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3). However, real-time
monitoring of the more harmful particulate matter less than 2.5 micron size (PM2.5), is
limited and at present, it is happening at only one location in the Court Area in Asansol.
PM 10 levels are very high and as per data recived from WB PCB, Asansol requires to reduce
their PM10 concentration by approximately 65 per cent to meet the national standards.
There was an increase of 5.7 per cent of the days in the very poor category in Asansol
during the year 2019 as compared to 2018. Notably, Data reported by WBPCB shows that
the annual average nitrogen dioxide levels have remained high but have declined over
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the years and is currently meeting the standards. However, the levels are just about at
the borderline, and will require special attention as these are strongly correlated with
motorization and industrialization.
The latest emission inventory for Asansol- Durgapur is available from an independent
think tank called Urban Emissions, as of 2018 shows that the contribution of the industrial
sector to PM2.5 is highest at 66 per cent, which is followed by dust at 11 per cent, brick
kilns at 8 per cent, transport sector (6 per cent) and residential (4 per cent). The industries
are the dominant source as shown by this study for four major pollutants (PM2.5, PM10,
NOx and SO2).
The economy of Asansol is principally dependent on steel and coal industries. The city
has large resources of coal. The traditional industrial base is of coal, iron and steel. The city
also has newer ventures like heavy engineering industries, fertilizers manufacturing and
coal-based chemical factories. The popular industries in Asansol, other than steel plants
are production of organic and inorganic heavy chemicals, cement making machinery,
boilers, pressure vessels, mass handling equipment and other heavy equipments.
Geographically, Asansol is a part of the Chota Nagpur plateau and it lies on the banks of
the Damodar River. The Damodar valley is a major coal mining area. Thus, the economy
is driven by the steel and coal sector. Eastern Coalfields, which has its headquarters in
Sanctoria near Dishergarh, has a significant presence in the area due to the huge deposits
of high-quality coal. Though most of the coalfields and surrounding residential colonies
are located away from the main city, they have an impact on the urban air quality of the
entire district.
and more as applicable, along with mandatory use of CEMS for stack monitoring. Asansol
is a designated Critically Polluted Area. The MoEF& CC through its Office Memorandum
dated 13 January 2010 had directed respective SPCBs to prepare Action Plans for each
of the Critically Polluted Areas for abatement of pollution. West Bengal Pollution Control
Board has prepared separate Action Plan for the Asansol area. Based on ‘Implementation
of Action Plan for critically polluted area (Asansol)’ (prepared as of March 2015) several
action points have been identified and initiated for air pollution control and these actions
have been integrated in the CAP as well. Further, best available technologies (BATs) have
been recommended for each industry type which if employed will have a very positive
impact on the air quality. These include change of fuel, change of technology, upgradation
of boilers and furnaces and overall process optimization. Detail plan has been provided
for thermal power plant.
With regard to other pollution sources, vehicular pollution control strategies include
management and monitoring of on-road vehicles, implementation of BS VI emissions
standards, strengthening of the PUC program and other on-road emissions control
strategies, expansion of public transport and non-motorized transport, phasing out of
older polluting vehicles, parking policy as a restraint measure, waste management for
elimination of garbage burning, control construction and demolition waste, use of solid
fuels among others.
103
Durgapur and Pashchim Burdwan District: Durgapur, third most populated city of West
Bengal, is an industrial and a business hub. It is home to the Durgapur Steel Plant. At
present, there are four manual air quality monitoring stations and one real-time station
in Durgapur. However, monitoring of PM2.5 is limited. This needs to be expanded for
daily real time monitoring. Based on the CPCB population criteria, the city requires an
additional monitoring station.
Annual average PM10 levels have remained elevated, substantially higher than the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards, but show a stable trend. Based on the WBPCB
data, the city needs to reduce PM10 levels by approximately 63.5 per cent to meet the
annual standard. Analysis of daily or 24-hour average of PM10 levels show that close to
80 per cent of the days in a year exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The
number of days violating the PM10 standard has increased from 69 per cent in 2017 to 79
per cent in 2018.
The latest emission inventory for Asansol- Durgapur is available from an independent
think tank called Urban Emissions, as of 2018. This study shows that the contribution of
the industrial sector in this industrial town to PM2.5 is highest at 66 per cent, which is
followed by dust at 11 per cent, brick kilns at 8 per cent, transport sector (6 per cent) and
residential (4 per cent). The industries are the dominant source as shown by this study for
four major pollutants (PM2.5, PM10,NOx and SO2).
The city houses wide range of industries which includes Durgapur Integrated Steel Plant
and Alloy Steel Plant (ASP), the leader in the production of alloy and special steels in India.
The other industries include several units manufacturing sponge iron, ferro alloys, and
chemicals, along with power plants, coke oven and rolling mills. There are four thermal
power plants and six captive power plants in and around the city. All the power plants use
furnace oil for the initial firing process, followed by coal for the subsequent processes.
Red category industries located in Durgapur (including Raturia-Angadpur Industrial

Estate) need special focus. Based on the data provided by WBPCB / Regional Offices,
there are 192 industrial units operating in the region, including thermal power plants,
sponge iron units and foundries. Area under study included the Raturia-Angadpur
Industrial Estate managed by Asansol Durgapur Development Authority (ADDA). About
82 per cent of industries have been found to be compliant with the standards. 18 per
cent that are not non-compliant units contribute as much as 73.7 per cent particulate load
from all these units. This indicates more stringent and targeted action and compliance can
substantially improve the overall pollution level in this industrial town.
and more as applicable, along with mandatory use of CEMS for stack monitoring. Durgapur
is a designated Critically Polluted Area. Several action points have been identified and
initiated for air pollution control and these actions have been integrated in the clean air
plan as well. Further, best available technologies (BATs) have been recommended for
each industry type which if employed will have a very positive impact on the air quality.
These include change of fuel, change of technology, upgradation of boilers and furnaces
and overall process optimization. Detailed plan has been provided for thermal power
plants.
104
With regard to other pollution sources, vehicular pollution control strategies include
management and monitoring of on-road vehicles, implementation of BS VI emissions
standards, strengthening of the PUC program and other on-road emissions control
strategies, expansion of public transport and non-motorized transport, phasing out of
older polluting vehicles, parking policy as a restraint measure, waste management for
elimination of garbage burning, control construction and demolition waste, use of solid
fuels among others.
Barrackpore city and North 24 Parganas District: Barrackpore is a small city and
municipality town of north 24 Parganas which is within Kolkata Metropolitan Area but
part of 24 Praganas district. Barrackpore municipal city has been identified as a non-
attainment area. Air quality management of this town will require a regional approach and
needs to be integrated with the air quality management of larger Kolkata Metropolitan
Region. Currently, there is one manual monitoring station inside the municipal boundary
which is Barrackpore municipality and there are two more stations at Dum Dum and
Khardah in close vicinity to the municipal area. The frequency of air quality monitoring
needs improvement. Real-time monitoring of PM2.5 is inadequate and currently data is
not available for the city. Data from the SPCB shows stable but high levels of PM10 in
the city. The city needs to reduce PM10 levels by approximately 41 per cent to meet the
annual standard. The baseline for this reduction target is taken as the average of 2016-18.
The city and the surrounding is known for jute processing. An important arms factory - Rifle
factory is located in Ishapore in Barrackpore. It also has Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(HAL). Dry cells produced by Exide, and cables produced by Nicco are other industrial
products. There are two red category industries in the city and most other industrial units
fall in orange category of industries. Jute and engineering factories are concentrated
mainly in Naihati, Bhatpara and Kamarhati, and South Dum Dum Municipalities. Thus, the
Clean Air Action Plan includes routine time bound actions.
Barrackpore multi-sector Clean Air Plan provides for stringent emissions monitoring and
enforcement in industry, clean fuel policy including ban on dirty fuels like furnace oil
petcoke, monitoring and compliance and installation and collection of data through CEMS
(as applicable) in industry. This has action thermal power plant in vicinity, also asked for
management of stack and fugitive emissions from the industries.Vehicular pollution control
strategies include management and monitoring of on-road vehicles, implementation of BS
VI emissions standards, strengthening of the PUC program and other on-road emissions
control strategies, expansion of public transport and non-motorized transport, phasing out
of older polluting vehicles, parking policy as a restraint measure, waste management for
elimination of garbage burning, control construction and demolition waste, and replacing
solid fuels with clean in households among others.
Kolkata: Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, was the first city to be notified as non-
attainment in West Bengal. It has taken the lead to frame and implement Clean Air Action
Plan. At present Kolkata has 21 manual monitoring stations and 7 real time monitoring
stations covering the geographical spread of the city. Kolkata is the centre of the major
urban metropolis of West Bengal. Vehicular emissions, emission from construction sector,
road dust re-suspension, industrial emission, emissions from use of solid fuels in open
eateries, small industrial units and trans-boundary pollution etc continue to pollute the
city air. Ai pollution worsens during winter when typical weather conditions including
cold temperature and inversions entrap pollutants in lower levels of atmosphere. Recent
analysis of air quality data shows that as per the National Air Quality Index (NAQI) followed
in India, the ambient air quality index of Kolkata remains in “poor or very poor or severe”
105
category for about 18-20 days in winter.
West Bengal State Pollution Control Board along with NEERI, have carryied out pollution
inventoyr and source apportionment study that has brought greater precision in
understanding of the relative contribution of different pollution sources to the air quality
of Kolkata.
In response to the directives from the Calcutta High Court, NGT and as also as part of its
policy the state government has taken several steps to control pollution. Small industrial
units using age-old technologies and operating small coal fired energy inefficient
heating installations like boilers or furnaces were incentivised by the WBPCB to change
to clean fuel (oil or gas) to reduce the particulate emission load from their operations.
The regulatory frameworks for these changes were i) Regulating fuel quality (use of oil
or gas in place of coal as mandatory); ii) Stricter emission standard 150 mg/Nm3 for PM
(the national standard was 1,200 mg/Nm3) was enacted by the WBPCB for boilers (=2 t/hr
steam generation capacity) and down-draft kilns.
Moreover, the old commercial vehicles that are more than 15 years old were phased
out and only Bharat Stage-IV emission norm compliant vehicles were registered in the
Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) area and areas under Salt Lake and Lake Town
Police Stations. Now only Bharat Stage VI compliant vehicles are registered. Kolkata
has also initiated electric bus programme. These are important steps as vehicles are a
dominant source of pollution in Kolkata and can remain a daunting challenge with growing
motorization and increased use of diesel.
The multi-sector clean air action plan in Kolkata has focussed on vehicular pollution control
strategies including management and monitoring of on-road vehicles, implementation
of BS VI emissions standards, strengthening of the PUC program and other on-road
emissions control strategies like remote sensing, expansion of integrated multi-modal
public transport systems, modernisation of public transport services, and non-motorized
transport, clean fuel strategy for vehicles, phasing out of older polluting vehicles, parking
policy as a restraint measure, waste management for elimination of garbage burning,
control construction and demolition waste, and replacing solid fuels with clean in
households among others.
Fire hotspots in West Bengal

Episodic pollution from burning of biomass especially crop residues after harvest is a
source of gross pollution at a regional scale. Crop fires have reduced since 2018, when
the fire counts were much higher in the central part of the state. Most of the fire incidents
are expected to be related to stubble burning in agricultural fields. But some of these
incidents need field investigation to check if any other kind of open fire incident is also
involved. Overall, the number of fires are fairly low and far less than the northern states
of Punjab and Haryana (See Table 25: No of fires during the month of December in West
Bengal (2013-2019).
106
Table 25: No of fires during the month of December in West Bengal (2013-
2019).
107
THEME 7: NOISE POLLUTION
MANAGEMENT
Based on the data shared by the district administrations, there are 800 sound level
meters (SLM) and calibrators in the state of West Bengal as of January 2020 (see Table
27: Availability of noise measuring devices with district administration and WBPCB).
Out of these, WBPCB has 50 SLMs and calibrators each. On the other hand, according
to the data reported by the districts as per the CPC model DEP template, Jalpaiguri,
Kalimpong, Nadia, Cooch Behar and Paschim Medinipur districts have reported that the
capacity to monitor noise levels by respective agency is not available. When it comes to
implementation of ambient noise standards, most districts have reported that this is done
occasionally. Only Nadia district has reported to have never implemented ambient noise
standards. Purba Burdwan, Alipurduar and Jalpaiguri districts have reported to regularly
implement ambience noise standards.
This points towards the need for well designed noise monitoring grid for enforcement of
noise standadrs.
Table 27: Availability of noise measuring devices with district

administration and WBPCB
Date Consignee SLM Nos. Calibrator Nos.
JangipurPD 10 10
RanaghatPD 11 11
Krishnanagar PD 15 15
Howrah Commisionerate 15 15
Barrackpore Commisionerate 14 14
Bidhannagar Commisionerate 12 12
Chandannagar Commisionerate 14 14
27-01-2020 Western Zone West Bengal Police
Hooghly Rural 17 17
Purba Bardhaman 19 19
Birbhum District Police 26 26
Purba Medinipur District Police 28 28
Pashchim Medinipur District Police 22 22
Jhargram District Police 10 10
Purulia District Police 25 25
Bankura District Police 25 25
Asansol Durgapur 19 19
lslampur PD 10 10
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Date Consignee SLM Nos. Calibrator Nos.
Daksin Dinajpur Dist Police 9 9
Siliguri Commissionerate 13 13
22-01-2020 South Bengal Zone West Bengal Police
Sundarban PD 13 13
Baruipur PD 27 27
Daimond Horbour PD 22 22
Basirhat PD 11 11
BarasatPD 20 20
Bongaon PD 11 11
Howrah Rural 23 23
Murshidabad Dist Police 29 29
23-12-2019 Kolkata Police 85 85
Bidhan Nagar Commisionerate 15 15
Howrah Commisionerate 15 15
Barrackpore Commisionerate 20 20
Chandannagar Commisionerate 15 15
Asansol Durgapur Commisionerate 20 20
Siliguri Commisionerate 15 15
SVSPA Barrackpore 10 10
Police Training School - Kolkata 10 10
24-12-2019 West Bengal Pollution Control Board 50 50
17-01-2020 North Bengal Zone West Bengal Police
Coochbihar Dist. Police 15 15

Jalpaiguri Dist. Police 8 8
AJipurduar Dist. Police 9 9
Darjeeling Dist Police 12 12
Kalimpong Dist Police 4 4
Maida Dist Police 15 15
Raigaunj PD 11 11
109
PART II
SECTOR-WISE
ACTION PLAN
FOR URBAN
ENVIRONMENT
MANAGEMENT
Based on the information shared by the District Administration and the concerned
Departments for different sectors of environment management in the districts of West
Bengal, sector-wise State Environment Action Plan (SEP) has been prepared for imple-
mentation. This follows the NGT directives and addresses the questions listed by the
NGT for each sector. This plan has identified key policy measures and implementation
strategies, timeline for implementation in terms of short and medium term and agencies
responsible for implementation. Action points have been detailed out adequately with
the key indicators to define the scope of each action for effective impact and improve-
ment. This action plan also aligns with the state and national level rules and regulations
in the respective sectors.
This plan is designed to enable monitoring of progress in each sector. There is enor-
mous paucity of data nearly in all sectors in the districts. This plan needs to be support-
ed by detailed protocol for data generation in all sectors.
This State Environment Management Plan along with a detailed Action Plan will be mon-
itored by the Apex Monitoring Committee, Regional Monitoring Committees and State
Level Committees to oversee the implementation.
1. WASTE MANAGEMENT
S. no. Action points for all urban local bodies Agency
responsible
Short-term to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)
1.1 Implement the priority actions identified by the State Urban Urban Local Bodies,
Development Agency in response to the NGT order No. 673/2018 UDMA, State Urban
dated 20.09.2018 and 606/2018 dated 16.01.2019 and 02.04.2019 Development
(clause No. IV, 39.i of page no. 22 and 23). Agency (SUDA),
State Level
Committee on Solid
Waste Management,
WBPCB
1.2 Frame and amend waste byelaws incorporating the provisions of Urban Local Bodies,
solid waste management (SWM) Rules 2016. UDMA,
Include roles and responsibilities of different actors like waste
generators, ULBs, private sector and others in integrated solid waste
management.
Include mandatory segregation of waste at source in streams like
plastic waste, construction and demolition waste, e-waste, bio-
medical waste and hazardous waste. Enable their handling as per
their respective rules notified in 2016.
The byelaws should include user fee and penalties when failing to
comply to the byelaws or provisions of SWM Rules 2016.
1.3 Take stringent action against illegal dumping in water bodies Urban Local Body,
and low-lying areas and open burning of solid waste including Fisheries, P&RDD,
biomass, leaves, tyres, etc. to control such activities. Impose a Police
complete ban on garbage burning. Create adequate infrastructure for
their collection, reuse, recycling and composting.
Mapp and geo-tagg garbade dumps to create a database of
locations and wards; Identify all dumping sites (municipal and
informal) and their catchment.
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ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND THERMAL COMFORT IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING

responsible
1.4 Enable waste segregation at source: Segregate waste streams ULBs, RWAs,
at household level into wet (green bin) and dry (blue bin) and institutions,
separately for domestic hazardous waste (black pouch of thickness individual
more than 50 microns) as per the SWM Rules 2016. Introduce households, UDMA
appropriately coloured bins.
A few ULBs have initiated treatment of solid waste by composting or

bio-methanation. In order to run these units successfully, segregation
at source is necessary.
Failing to comply to segregation as per SWM Rules 2016, households,

institutions and entities are penalizable.
1.5 Enable door-to-door collection, transportation and segregated ULBs, RWAs,
neighbourhood storage: institutions,
West Bengal has a system wherein door-to-door waste collection is individual
divided into ‘beats’. A beat comprises of a fixed number of lanes and households, UDMA
fixed households. The waste is collected in tricycles, wheelbarrows
or pushcarts. Compartmentalise these modes to separate wet and dry
waste and transport from household to primary storage. Cover the
modes to prevent odour and spillage.
The volume of waste is highly dependent on socio-economic

characteristics of a city. Record the volume of waste collected in
a beat for atleast a week to determine the daily average of waste
generation in that area for each stream – biodegradable and non-
biodegradable. For primary storage at neighbourhood levels, install
appropriately sized waste containers with capacity ranging from 120
litres to 4500 litres depending on the volume of the waste collected in
a beat. Identify location of these containers in collaboration with the
residents.
Use GPS in collection and transportation vehicles in cities with

population above 5 lakh mandatorily and also publish the route map
as per the SWM Rules 2016
Promote payment based on segregated collection and disposal

and not weight of mixed weight
1.6 Facilitate processing of organic waste at a decentralised level: ULBs, UDMA

Earmark space for composting of horticulture waste in public parks.
Work out the possibilities of establishing decentralised composting

or bio-methanation plants with users or waste generators at
neighbourhood level. About 50-60 per cent of the waste generated in
West Bengal is biodegradable in nature. If segregated in compliance
to the SWM rules, waste can be treated on-site thereby reducing the
land requirement for processing facility or landfill by half.
ULBs can help create a market for compost sale.
Identify bulk waste generators and ensure in-situ waste

processing/compostig facilities are available
113

responsible
1.7 Include the informal sector in waste management and disposal: ULBs, UDMA
a number of households have employed private informal individuals
to collect and transport the waste. Internalise these individuals by
employing or contracting them under the ULB to conduct formal
waste management services. Provide them with formal training, safety
gear and appropriate equipment for conducting the services.
1.8 Implement a roadmap to reduce plastic use. Ban plastic use as far ULBs, UDMA
as possible and especially plastic below 50 microns and disposable
plastic. Aggressively promote use of biodegradable plastics, cotton
cloth and jute bags. Incentives could be given to consumer for
depositing used plastic bottles and other articles in the form of
coupons - a vending machine system to be created.
1.9 Recognise the recyclers and dealers in the cities and authorise ULBs,
them to collect plastic waste upon scrutiny of their handling and
recycling facility.
1.10 Encourage collection centres under the EPR model as per the ULBs, UDMA
plastic waste management rules, 2016 and e-waste management rules
2016. Integrate the informal sector in the EPR framework of the city
for plastic waste management.
1.11 Estimate C&D waste generation: Utilize existing databases of ULBs, UDMA
construction projects such as those compiled by Environmental
Impact Assessment, Real Estate Regulation Authority, ULBs, etc. to
determine the extent of construction activity in cities. According to
Technology Information Forecastign and Assessment Council, every
sqm of demolished area generates about 300-500 kg of demolition
waste and construction of 1 sqm of floor area generates 50 kg of
construction waste.
1.12 Set up strong monitoring and surveillance system for ULBs, UDMA
implementation of the C&D rules and regulations 2016 and on-
site dust control measures: Implement inspection of construction
sites for segregated storage of C&D waste, on-site reuse, identify
collection centres for C&D waste, and enforcement of dust control
measures. Adopt appropriate measures for segregated collection,
control of fugitive emissions from construction and material handling,
conveying and screening operations. Adopt formally the dust control
measures to enable water sprinkling, curtains, barriers, covering, and
dust suppression units, cleaning of haul trucks etc. Impose stringent
penalty that acts as a deterrent.
Assess and augment adequacy of hauling equipment for large-scale

transfer of waste
Prevent mixing of C&D waste especially from waste generators with

municipal solid waste.
114

responsible
1.13 Promote recycling and reuse of C&D waste as construction ULBs, UDMA
material. For material handling and construction demolition, it
should be obligatory on part of the developers to provide evidence
of debris disposal at collection points or designated sites in a
segregated form. ULBs to identify and earmark collection points for
each ward such that each collection point covers a radius of not more
than 3 km.
Set up C&D recycling plants and adopt measures for market uptake of
recycled material through mandate and pricing.
1.14 Impose spot fine on littering: Install twin-bins (biodegradable and ULBs, UDMA
non-biodegradable) in commercial, institutional and public areas like
bus stops, parks, footpaths, etc. and strategic locations at every 100-
150 m to prevent littering.
1.15 Bulk waste generators to set up decentralised waste handling Bulk waste
and processing facility as per the SWM Rules 2016. A bulk waste generators, ULBs
generator is an entity that generates waste above 100 kg per day on
an average.
Medium-term action (1 year)

1.1 Urban local body to make an action plan on waste management ULBs, UDMA
in accordance to the SWM Rules of 2016 with a time bound strategy.
There are several policies and rules that govern this sector. This plan
should include the aforementioned short-term priority actions as
well as the provisions of respective rules for municipal solid waste,
plastic waste, construction and demolition waste, e-waste, bio-
medical waste and hazardous waste.
1.2 Setup transfer stations instead of secondary storage bins ULBs, SUDA, District
mandatorily for cities with population above 5 lakhs as per the SWM Administration
Rules 2016. There should be one transfer stations in each ward and
waste from primary storage should be brought to these stations in
covered vehicles.
Arrange for material recovery facility at the transfer stations to

separate recyclables like PET bottles, LDPE plastics, soft drink cans,
glass, metals, etc. Install compactors to create refuse derived fuels
pellets for non-recyclables.
1.3 Develop and maintain a waste inventory for major cities of West ULBs, SUDA, WBPCB
Bengal: supported
Properties of waste vary from place to place and depends on which by CPCB,
type of land use it came from. Conduct waste characterisation UD&MA, District
studies to determine physical and chemical properties of the waste Administartion
generated like moisture content, calorific value, Carbon/Nitrogen
ratio, etc. (see Annexure VI) This will help in identifying most
appropriate method for treatment of waste such as composting, bio
methanation or waste to energy including the seasonal variations.
115
S. no. Action points for all urban local bodies Agency responsible
1.4 Shift completely to scientific landfills and also reduce need for ULBs, SUDA
landfill:
Adopt the approach of near zero landfill city by minimizing the
requirement for a landfill. Wherever required, go for engineered
landfills at a site identified scientifically after conducting carrying
capacity analysis and ensuring it does not bear environmental and
public health risks.
Establish systems to prevent illegal dumping of waste at random

dumpsites especially in the smaller cities. Bring the waste dumped at
these illegal sites to the engineered landfill.
1.5 Initiate bioremediation of the legacy waste at saturated landfill ULBs, SUDA
sites: Avoid opting for waste to energy plants as those are cost-
intensive, less effective and have serious environmental and public
health hazards. Adopt appropriate siting policy to keep them outside
dense habitation. If these need to be installed adopt best available
technology, and enforce online monitoring of stack monitoring.
1.6 Set up a waste management public information dissemination ULBs, SUDA and
system for different streams of waste based on the Waste WBPCB
Management Rules 2016. This should clearly lay down the roles
and responsibilities of the citizens and the ULB in the entire process
of waste management including impacts of unscientific waste
management and public health advisory.
Set up system for dissemination of information to public through

website and local media. This may include a portal for public to
collaborate with the ULB for effective waste management
Build public awareness programmes in assistance with NGOs,
educational institutions and RWAs to conduct demonstrations for
integrated waste management. Ensure involvement of children in the
process
1.7 Establish monitoring mechanisms for implementation of waste ULBs,
byelaws and action plans: ULBs to update month-wise targets/ WBPCB,UD&MA,
actions in the online format shared by the Urban Development & Environment
Municipal Affairs (UD&MA) department. An annual report also to Department
be submitted to WBPCB and UD&MA department as provided in the
SWM Rules 2016. A database for implementation of action plan must
be set up to ensure adoption of SWM Rules without further delay.
1.8 Develop capacity at ULB level for implementation of the waste ULBs, WBPCB,
byelaws. ULBs should be trained on how to develop and maintain UD&MA
inventory of waste, appropriate treatment methods and achieve the
state’s aim for a zero-landfill state.
116
2. WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

District-wise priority action points
Colour green depicts the priority
District Mitigate Water Groundwater Rainwater Dumping Idol Riverside
data gap quality database and harvesting of solid immersion open
monitoring quality waste defecation
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Hooghly
Uttar Dinajpur
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia
North 24
Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin
Dinajpur
Nadia
Jhargram
Cooch Bihar
Purba
Medinipur
Alipurduar
Malda
South 24
Parganas
Paschim
Burdwan
Purba Burdwan
Paschim
Medinipur
Kolkata
117
S. no. Elaboration on action points Agency responsible
Short-term to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)
1.1 Mitigate data gaps: Identified districts to collect and share ULBs, UDMA, WRRID,
data on all the indicators with utmost urgency WBPCB, Public Health
Engineering Department
(PHED), Central
Groundwater Board
(CGWB), Irrigation and
Waterways Department
(IWD), District
Administration, UD&MA,
P&RDD
1.2 Water quality monitoring:
a Prepare an inventory of water bodies using information from ULBs, UD&MA,Fisheries,

the Hydrogeological Atlas of West Bengal. This should include WBPCB, Public Health
mapping of riverbanks, shorelines, nalas/drains, lakes and Engineering Department
ponds, seasonal variation in their levels, dissolved oxygen, (PHED), Central
biological oxygen demand and other important information. Groundwater Board
This information should be available on an online platform (CGWB), Irrigation and
Waterways Department
(IWD), District
Administration, WB-DST,
P&RDD
b Install continuous Real Time Water Quality Monitoring ULBs,WBPCB, I&WD
Station on water bodies including rivers and major lakes.
Check if the quality meets CPCB Guidelines for Water Quality
Management 2008 (see Annexure VII).
c ULBs,
d Prevent discharge of untreated sewage into the water ULBs, WBPCB, P&RDD,
bodies: Issue directives to all SPI and Red and Orange category PHED, UD&MA
industries to submit a discharge water quality report. (Measures
related to sewage management are incorporated in the relevant
section).
1.3 Groundwater database and quality:
a Conduct ground water surveys to identify quality of CGWB, WBPCB, ULB,

groundwater at city level and identified over exploited, WRRID, SWID
polluted and critical areas. Ground Water Year-Book
2016 contains information such as location of groundwater
monitoring wells, depth to water and quality of groundwater.
Utilise and update this information at ULB level by conducting
fresh sampling of borewells present in the urban areas. Seal all
contaminated borewells and tubewells found unfit for public
use.
b Review and strenthen groundwater abstraction and use ULB, SWID, CGWB,
permit system in force under The West Bengal Groundwater
Resources (Management, Control and Regulation) Act,
2005 that can cap extraction and use at sustainable yield
of groundwater only from the shallow aquifer in each
sector. This can define water allocation, abstraction technology,
metering technology, etc. All groundwater extraction must be
strictly regulated and limited to the shallow aquifer, so that it
can be recharged by rainwater easily.
118
1.4 Rainwater harvesting:
a All new and existing building complexes and colonies must ULB, UD&MA
implement an area-wide plan for rainwater harvesting.
According to the revised Environment Impact Assessment
Guidelines, there should be one bore-well for groundwater
recharge for every 5,000 sq m of floor area. In areas where
groundwater recharge is not feasible, rainwater should be
harvested and stored for reuse.
b Implement periodic (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon) ULB, PHED, WBPCB,
inspection, maintenance and monitoring programmes UD&MA
for rainwater harvesting structures: Monitoring will help
understand the impacts of the structures on groundwater
quantity and quality. The groundwater level and quality data
monitored during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods
should be available in the public domain. This is also needed
to ensure rainwater harvesting structures are being properly
operated without any negative fallouts.
1.5 Dumping of solid waste on river banks: Take stringent action ULBs, P&RDD, UD&MA,
on illegal dumping of solid waste along river banks and into the
wetlands.
1.6 Control all river side activities all year round: Prevent ULBs, P&RDD, District
riverside open defecation and take measures for idol Administration, GPs
immersion. Ensure that idol immersion takes place in dedicated UD&MA
and enclosed areas followed by collection and disposal of the
solid remnants. Follow the guidelines issued by CPCB on idol
immersion. Impose ban on sale of idols painted with non-
biodegradable chemical dyes. Discourage painting of idols in
general or use water soluble and non-toxic natural dyes.
1.7 Other action points for the Government of West Bengal:
Prevent encroachment of flood plains: Map areas of ULBs, UD&MA, IWD,

encroachment by geo-tagging and take swift action to clear West Bengal Wasteland
all encroachment. Initiate plantation drives in reclaimed flood Development Corporation
plains to prevent erosion of sandy riverbanks Ltd., West Bengal Forest
Department and West
Bengal Forest and
Biodiversity Conservation
Society,
Build awareness campaigns on the impact of water ULB, PHED, Health
pollution on public health & Family Welfare
Department (HFWD),
WBPCB
3. DOMESTIC SEWAGE MANAGEMENT

Colour green depicts priority for the district
District Mitigate data gap Discharge of untreated Provision of treatment
sewage into water infrastructure
bodies
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Hooghly
Uttar Dinajpur
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia
North 24 Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin Dinajpur
Nadia
Jhargram
Cooch Bihar
Purba Medinipur
Alipurduar
Malda
South 24 Parganas
Paschim Burdwan
Purba Burdwan
Paschim Medinipur
Kolkata
120

Short-term to medium-term action (6 months to 1 year)
1.1 Mitigate data gaps: Identified districts to collect and share data on given indicators ULBs, District
with utmost priority Administration
1.2 Need a city/town-wise database of sewage management: ULBs, UDMA
Cities currently do not have an account of sewage generation, installed capacity for
treatment and volume and quality of water being discharged into the water bodies.
Prepare an inventory of sewage treatment plants (STPs) along with the status of their
operations.
Providing toilets is not a solution to sustainable sewage management. In absence of

connection to sewage network and low treatment capacity, sewage is disposed in
garbage dumps, storm water drains or water bodies. Map the number of households
connected to the sewage network.
Faecal Sludge and Sanitation Management approach enables an efficient database

of sewage management in cities and helps in informing policy decision. Explore
possibilities of co-treatment of solid and liquid wastes under the Swachh Bharat
Mission (see Annexure VIII)
1.3 Provision of treatment infrastructure:
a Setup decentralised STPs at building and colony level for treatment, recycling ULBs, UDMA,
and reuse of water. Treated wastewater can be reused on-site for landscaping, WBHBCL (West
flushing, cooling tower, and other end uses. Excess treated water can be discharged Bengal Housing Board
as per CPCB norms. Natural treatment systems need to be promoted. On-site Corporation Ltd),
sewage treatment which can treat 100 per cent of the wastewater needs to be PWD, SEIAA
installed.
b Promote options of separating grey and black water with dual plumbing ULBs, UDMA,
system or single stack system with separate recirculation lines for flushing. WBHBCL (West
For dual piping purpose, one pipe carries fresh water (from bore well, tube well, Bengal Housing Board
overhead tanks etc.) and the other recycled grey water (from local treatment Corporation Ltd),
systems). The grey water should be completely separated from black water before PWD, SEIAA
treatment. Separating grey and black water is essential but expensive. Recycled
grey water can be used for flushing purpose and not recycled black water. Recycled
black water may clog the flushing system. The treated grey water will be used for
flush tanks. The black water coming out of the toilets will be treated and used for
green areas. The grey and black water coming out of the toilets, bathrooms and
kitchen can also be treated together through reed bed/microbe beds to the level of
irrigation standard.
Sludge from on-site sewage treatment, including septic tanks, can be collected,
conveyed and disposed as per the Central Public Health and Environmental
Engineering Organisation’s (CPHEEO) Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment
Systems, 2013. The alternative is to design the sewage treatment system for reuse in
industry.
1.4 Discharge of sewage into water bodies:
a Install Continuous Effluent Monitoring Station (CEMS) at the outlet of STPs to ULBs and WBPCB
ensure the these STPs meet the prescribed standards as per CPCB.
b Monitor water quality to ensure sewer lines do not contaminate stormwater ULBs and WBPCB
drains: Test every month the biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the key
stormwater drains every 5 km, to ensure there is no contamination from leakage of
sewage.
1.4 Other action points for Government of West Bengal:
a Mandate industry and construction industry to re-use treated water. Also, ULBs and WBPCB,
promote use of treated water for city beautification and greening SEIAA
121

b Promote and mandate water-efficient fixtures in buildings: ULBs, SEIAA
As more and more water will be supplied, more wastewater will be generated,
therefore more will be the cost for its treatment, which makes sewage management
unsustainable for the cities. Make it mandatory to replace old fixtures that use more
water with water-efficient fixtures. Policy initiatives like labelling of water-efficient
fixtures, rebates on the fixtures, rebates on water bills etc can help. These fixtures
can substantially reduce the volume of sewage generated. Refer parameters like
Baseline Flow Rates / Consumption for plumbing fixtures in Uniform Plumbing Code
of India.
1.7 Initiate a public awareness and outreach programme. Create awareness in ULBs, WBPCB and
the community about the importance of water and incentivise them to use water HFWD
carefully and wisely (including school awareness programmes). Prepare model
demo projects, water information centres etc.
122
4. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

Colour green depicts priority
District Mitigate data Quantity of Common Number of Stringent
gap untreated effluent industries action for non-
wastewater treatment plant not meeting compliance
discharge
standards
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Hooghly
Uttar Dinajpur
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia
North 24
Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin
Dinajpur
Nadia
Jhargram
Cooch Bihar
Purba
Medinipur
Alipurduar
Malda
South 24
Parganas
Paschim
Burdwan
Purba Burdwan
Paschim
Medinipur
Kolkata
123
1.1 Mitigate data gaps: Identified districts to collect and share data on given indicators WBPCB
with utmost priority
1.2 Quantity of untreated wastewater: prepare a zero industrial wastewater plan. WBPCB
Review and establish the need for wastewater treatment plants and reduce
discharge of untreated or partially wastewater into water bodies.
Prepare an inventory of the water polluting industries in the catchment of River WBPCB
Ganga, Hugli and Subarnarekha covering assessment on aspects relating to status
of Consents under Water & Air Acts and Authorization, Effluent Generation, ETP
Capacities and final mode of effluent discharge.
1.3 Number of industries not meeting discharge standards and stringent action of WBPCB
non-compliance:
Take stringent action against the identified industries not meeting discharge WBPCB
standards and in operation without Consent of the West Bengal Pollution Control
Board
Common Effluent Treatment Plant: Review status of installed capacity to treat WBPCB, ICE, MSME,
industrial effluents. Expand capacity to ensure indiscriminate discharge into CLC
water bodies. Ensure action against the industries who have not installed Effluent
Treatment Plants (ETP). ETPs that exist but not operating or treated effluent is not
meeting the prescribed standards should be penalised as well.
1.4 Setup mechanism for regular monitoring and sampling of water quality of WBPCB
rivers and various drains on monthly basis.
1.5 Build campaigns to spread awareness of water pollution and its impact on WBPCB, District
human health Administration
124
5. AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Colour green depicts priority
District Mitigate data Action plans for Industrial air Industrial air Vehicular
gap non-attainment pollution (brick pollution (large pollution
cities kilns and small industries) monitoring
industries)
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Hooghly
Uttar Dinajpur
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia
North 24
Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin
Dinajpur
Nadia
Jhargram
Cooch Bihar
Purba
Medinipur
Alipurduar
Malda
South 24
Parganas
Paschim
Burdwan
Purba Burdwan
Paschim
Medinipur
Kolkata
125
1.1 Mitigate data gaps: WBPCB, Enviornment

Department, ULBs,
Air quality monitoring: Set up adequate number of real time automatic Transport, UDMA
monitoring stations: The grid plan should be representative of population CPCB
distribution and land use including residential, commercial, industrial, roadside
and sensitive areas. Also include hot spots such as near traffic areas and landfill
sites. Refer to the CPCB’s thumb rule as prescribed in IS:5182 (Part 14), 2000 on
Recommended minimum number of stations, population-wise (Also mentioned in
Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, CPCB, 200327). Among all twelve
pollutants to be monitored, special focus is needed on PM2.5 and ozone monitoring.
Use air quality sensors at probable hotspots to complement air-quality monitoring
(based on CPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines). This exercise for non-attainment cities
have been carried out. Identified districts to plan strengthening of air quality
monitoring grid, collect and share data on given indicators with utmost priority.
Expand real time monitoring.
Use air quality information provided by satellite-based monitoring to

complement ground based air quality monitoring and also unmonitored areas.
This is useful to identify agricultural burning/ forest fires, regional pollution etc that
have impact on urban air quality.
West Bengal has begun satellite based assessment. Set up rural and peri-urban air
quality monitoring to assess the airshed/ influence area. The National Clean Air
Programme (NCAP) from the Union Ministry of Environment and Forest and Climate
Change has recommended rural air quality monitoring.
Pollution source assessment: Carry out pollution source inventory in all ULBs with
support from competent agency for action planning purpose. Also identify regions
for source apportionment studies to address clusters of ULBs.
1.2 Clean Air Action plans Agriculture, Power &
Action plans for non-attainment cities: These plans have been prepared NES, PWD, L&LR, Forest,
and approved by CPCB. Quarterly review of implementation is underway. ULBs, Transport,UD&MA,
Implementation strategy for each action according to the key indicators need to be ICE, MSME, Police,
tracked for reporting progress in all sectors. Enviornment, WBPCB,
Clean air action plan for other cities and towns: Frame multi-sector clean air
action plans for ther ULBs to prevent worsening of air pollution and enable clean
up at the regional level. Action on industry and vehicles are defined in this section.
Action on waste needs to be aligned with those proposed in other sections.
1.3 Industrial air pollution (large industries):
Implement of SOx and NOx standards notified by MOEF&CC on January 29, WBPCB, ICE, MSME,
2018 for 16 categories of industries in and around category A, B and C cities. WBPDCL, Power, DVC,
Strengthen and implement strategies needed for critically polluted industrial areas. CESC
Strengthen the current siting policy for industries to be notified in future.
Implement existing standards for PM and ensure compliance through regular WBPCB, Department
testing & CEMS enabled monitoring (See action 2.4). Also take precautions for of ICE and MSME,
minimizing fugitive emissions through the preparation of a checklist for industrial WBPDCL
zones and units, specific to each type of industry. Carry out regular inspection
126
Prepare a clean fuel policy and provide incentives for clean fuels for the WBPCB, Department
state: for this identify approved and non-approved fuels. For this notify a list of of ICE and MSME,
approved fuels. Promote relatively cleaner fuels like gas (Coal Bed Methane, natural Power, Renewable
gas etc) and electricity. Discourage fuels with very high sulphur and heavy metals Energy Sources, Finance
like furnace oil, pet coke, tyre oil etc.(except where petcoke is used as feedstock
like cement).Need for a favourable taxation and pricing policy to make cleaner
fuels more competitive. Incentivise replacement of boilers to switch to cleaner
fuels. Clean fuel strategy needed for small and medium scale units with nominal
or no emission control system. Also promote centralised and common boilers to
replace numerous small boilers in clusters of small and medium industrial units – as
applicable.
Identify the units that need to install Continuous Emission Monitoring System WBPCB, Department of
(CEMS) across all targeted and applicable polluting industry: Ensure calibration ICE and MSME
and working of CEMS in all industries in the urban airshed or area of influence and
provide information to monitoring agencies to take appropriate actions.
Specify the mechanism for quality control and quality assurance of CEMS data
and ensure that data is available online and the reported data is compared with
applicable prescribed limits and not the older standards. Compliance checking to
be enforced routinely to prevent tampering with the CEMS. This needs to be done
for all sectors including sponge iron units, cement units, iron and steel industries,
rice mills and jute mills.
Identification of cumulative impact of industrial emissions such as total load WBPCB, Department
from a specified area. Prescribe more stringent pollution control action for each of ICE and MSME,
type of industry. For instance, different actions for sponge iron units and rice mills. WBPDCL, Power
Department
1.4 Industrial air pollution (brick kilns and small industries):
Identification and implementation of fugitive emission control measures WBPCB, Department

in ancillary units, material transfer and handling and emissions during of ICE and MSME, Dept
industrial processes. Informal industrial units will require stringent monitoring. of land and Land Reform
Hold quarterly inspections
Enforce restrictions on operations of intensively polluting industries within Dept of land and Land
urban airshed zones during high pollution periods. Upgrade all existing Air Reform, WBPCB, KMDA,
pollution Control devices. HMC, Department of
MSME, ICE
Enforce restrictions on operations of brick kilns within urban airshed zones during
high pollution periods; allow only those Brick kilns that comply with rectangular zig-
zag design with induced draft or those with improved technology. Initiate phasing
out of traditional brick kilns
Strengthen the current siting policy for industries

Construction of paved roads around all major industrial belts and estates.
1.5 Thermal power plants
127
Power plants standards notified in 2015 for PM, Sox and NOx should be met by 2022 WBPCB, Plant
Management, NTPC
Roadmap for phasing out of very old power plants
Coal Handling to reduce fugitive emissions: Issue modified consent condition and
direct storage of coal in enclosed space. Collect Bank guarantee and timeline from
power station to implement measures to enclose coal handling areas.
Advice use of low sulphur coal (coal with sulphur content less than 0.2 per cent),
co-firing of coal with biomass. On availability of natural gas switch-over coal-based
power stations to natural gas-based power stations.
1.6 Vehicular pollution monitoring:
Strengthen PUC programme for emissions testing of on-road vehicles. Transport department,
Strengthen periodic auditing and over- sight of PUC centres and calibration of MoRTH
equipment and third-party checks. Develop a mechanism for ensuring that no
vehicle is allowed to ply without valid PUC certificate. Link PUC certificates with
mandatory third party insurance for vehicles to ensure 100 per cent compliance or
any other method. Ensure real-time updates for all WB registered vehicles with the
VAHAN database for compliance.
Prepare Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) guidelines and permit new Traffic police,
developments based on the formulated TIA guidelines. For any new urban development
development carry out traffic impact assessments and levy costs to the developer, if authorities, SUDA,
needed and possible. UD&MA department
Traffic management plans for special days, i.e. during Durga Puja festival/ during
urban flood situation are important, prepare these plans and implement.
Build campaigns to spread awareness on sources of air pollution and its WBPCB, District
impact on human health Administration
Public transport and para transit strategy: Cities need integrated plan for District administration,
augmentation of organised public transport services for effective geographical ULBs, Transport
and population coverage to increase ridership. Organise and rationalise routes department
for improved connectivity. Organise para transit system for efficient last mile
connectivity, fare policy. Promote electric mobility and requisite infrastructure for
targeted public transport and para transit. Promote clean fuels and replace diesel
three wheelers.
Waking and cycling infrastructure: In most of the municipal areas short travel
distances – on an average below 3-4 km – dominate. This is an opportunity to
promore walking and cycling with adequate safe infrastructure development to
reduce demand for personal vehicles and reduce pressure on public transport. Each
ward requires well designed network of walking and cycling facilities,protected and
safe access for people and moderated speed of motorised vehicles.
Adopt parking area management plan for each ward to identify legal parking
area on-street and off-street without obstructing movement of emergency vehicles,
without encroaching upon green areas, parks and footpaths, etc. Demarcate legal
parking areas in all land-uses. Penalise illegal parking. Introduce variable parking
rates for different land-uses.
128
1.7 Use of solid fuels
Phase out solid fuels in households and eateries: Improve access to clean fuels District and local
like LPG to replace fully thesolid fuels in all households and eateries. Administration, Oil
distribution companies
1.8 Eliminate waste burning
Adopt waste management practices for all waste streams (municipal solid waste, Municipal Corporation,
plastic waste, e-waste etc.) to enforce a complete ban on garbage burning in the Development
entire region. Adopt monitoring mechanism. Ensure proper collection of horticulture Authority, Resident
waste (biomass) and composting-cum-gardening approach and composting Welfare Associations,
infrastructure. WBPCB
Implement strong public outreach programme to promote household and

community-based waste segregation and composting systems
1.9 Crop residue burning
Promote subsidised machines to enable tilling and mixing of stubble with soil Department of
Promote ex-situ measures to reutilise straw for power generation, procuce bio- Environment, WBSPCB
CNG, pellets as fuel etc. This will create value for straw and create incentive for the
farmers
129
6. MINING MANAGEMENT
District Mineral focus Mitigate data Remove data Need Stringent Review
gap inconsistencies Monitoring mining
potential
Jalpaiguri Sand
Darjeeling Sand
Murshidabad
Kalimpong Sand
Hooghly Sand
Uttar Dinajpur Sand
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia Sand, coal, stone,

quartz
North 24 Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin Dinajpur Sand, fireclay
Nadia Sand, iron,

bauxite,
Jhargram Sand
Cooch Bihar Sand
Purba Medinipur Sand
Alipurduar Sand, iron,

bauxite, coal
Malda
South 24 Parganas Sand
Paschim Burdwan Coal
Purba Burdwan Sand
Paschim Sand
Medinipur
Kolkata
130

1.1 Mitigate data gap: identified districts to prepare and share an inventory of minerals WBPCB, DEIA
and status of mining activities with utmost priority
1.2 Remove data inconsistencies: districts have reported number of mining areas DEIA, WBPCB
meeting environment clearance conditions or consent conditions of WBPCB to be
more than the number of mining licenses. Identified districts to review their data and
check for inconsistencies.
1.3 Need stringent monitoring: Majority of districts are involved in sand mining due DEIA, WBPCB
to an intricate river system across the state. A fertile plain gives leeway for fireclay
mining. Ban illegal sand and fireclay mining. Take stringent action against brick kilns
located near the urban areas. Use of excavators is prohibited to lift sand from riverbed
in West Bengal, take stringent action if found being used.
1.4 Review mining potential from environmental perspective: WBPCB
Implement environmental management plans for mining areas based on more
scientific mapping of mining areas.
Utilise remote sensing data such as multi sensor airborne survey, LAND SAT
imageries, etc. for monitoring
Commission review studies of the already intense mineral field blocks to
environmentalrisk assessment. Need an inventory of mineral blocks to facilitate
monitoring.
Need more aggressive surface sampling, geochemical survey, soil analysis and
assays of minor and major minerals followed by grid pattern and chemical assay of
bore hole samples at short depth of interval by technical experts
1.5 Other action points for the Government of West Bengal: WBPCB
Amend West Bengal Minor Mineral Concession Rules 2016 (“Rules”) and other
regulatory controls to include environmental safeguards for stringency
Involve technical experts and community in district environmental impact
authority (DEIA). Current structures are an extension of district administration.
Including technical experts and community provides helps prevent adverse social and
environmental impact of mining activities. Technical experts help evaluate Community
involvement provides more surveillance against illegal mining.
Build capacity of DEIA and awareness of the local representatives on the
environmental impact assessment for mining.
131
7. NOISE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT
Capacity to monitor noise Compliance to ambient

District Mitigate data gap
levels noise standards
Jalpaiguri
Darjeeling
Murshidabad
Kalimpong
Hooghly
Uttar Dinajpur
Bankura
Howrah
Purulia
North 24 Parganas
Birbhum
Dakshin Dinajpur
Nadia
Jhargram
Cooch Bihar
Purba Medinipur
Alipurduar
Malda
South 24 Parganas
Paschim Burdwan
Purba Burdwan
Paschim Medinipur
Kolkata
132
1.1 Mitigate data gap: identified districts to collect and share data on asked WBPCB
questions with utmost priority
1.2 Capacity to monitor noise levels:
Install noise pollution monitoring systems based on land use as WBPCB, ULB, Districts
suggested in the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control Rules Administration
2000) (see Annexure IX)
Identify silence zones District Administration, ULB
1.3 Compliance to ambient noise:
Increase frequency of implementation of ambient noise standards District Administration, Traffic

police and transport Department
1.4 Other action points for the Government of West Bengal:
Ban pressure horns Traffic Police and Transport

Department
Enable proper maintenance and service of vehicular engines by District Administration, Traffic
establishing police and transport Department
Build campaigns to spread awareness on sources of noise pollution WBPCB, District Administration
and its impact on human health
133
Sl No Name of District Total Solid Percentage Door to Waste Collection Segregated No of Minimum Land Adequacy Installation
134
Municipality Waste Distribution Door Trolleys required Transport Sanitary Requirement in acres of OPEX of Bye Laws
Generation of Wet & Dry Collection Landfill
(TPD) Waste
1 Alipurduar Alipurduar 35.65 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
2 Bankura Bankura 75 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
3 Bishnupur Bankura 59.2 52/48 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
4 Sonamukhi Bankura 11.7 51/49 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
5 Bolpur Birbhum 45.44 66/34 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
6 Dubrajpur Birbhum 47.87 56/44 Partial Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
7 Nalhati Birbhum 32 50/50 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No

ANNEXURE I
8 Rampurhat Birbhum 105 58/42 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
9 Sainthia Birbhum 32 63/37 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
10 Suri Birbhum 60 63/37 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
11 Cooch Behar Cooch Behar 45.69 49/51 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
12 Dinhata Cooch Behar 20 58/42 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
13 Haldibari Cooch Behar 4 69/31 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
14 Mathabhanga Cooch Behar 9.79 47/53 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
15 Mekliganj Cooch Behar 4.69 65/35 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
16 Tufanganj Cooch Behar 14.23 47/53 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
17 Darjeeling Darjeeling 55.11 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 1 Assesment going on Yes No
18 Kurseong Darjeeling 11 67/33 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
19 Mirik Notified Area Darjeeling 4.2 45/55 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
20 Siliguri MC Darjeeling 380 47/53 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
21 Arambagh Hooghly 30.25 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Regional
22 Baidyabati Hooghly 68 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
23 Bansberia Hooghly 39 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No

(TPD) Waste
Regional
24 Bhadreswar Hooghly 23 49/51 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
Regional
25 Champdany Hooghly 19 49/51 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
26 Chandannagar MC Hooghly 55.5 55/45 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Regional
27 Dankuni Hooghly 25 50/50 Yes Assesment going on No Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
28 Hooghly Chinsurah Hooghly 80 49/51 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Regional
29 Konnagar Hooghly 32 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
Regional
30 Rishra Hooghly 50 51/49 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
Regional
31 Serampore Hooghly 90 48/52 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
32 Tarakeswar Hooghly 13.16 66/34 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Regional
33 Uttarpara Kotrung Hooghly 90.66 52/48 Yes Assesment going on Yes Lanfill site at Assesment going on Yes No
Baidyabati
34 Howrah MC Howrah 910 55/45 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
35 Uluberia Howrah 50 65/35 Partial Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
36 Dhupguri Jalpaiguri 18.5 40/60 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
37 Jalpaiguri Jalpaiguri 48.24 33/67 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
38 Mal Jalpaiguri 12 40/60 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
39 Jhargram Jhargram 44 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
40 Kalimpong Kalimpong 38.085 54/46 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
41 Kolkata MC Kolkata 4500 60/40 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes Yes
135
136
(TPD) Waste
42 English Bazar Malda 190 61/39 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
43 Old Malda Malda 27.13 59/41 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
44 Beldanga Murshidabad 17.75 56/44 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
45 Berhampore Murshidabad 90 61/39 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
46 Dhulian Murshidabad 46.42 67/33 Partial Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
47 Domkal Murshidabad 100 56/44 Partial Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
48 Jangipore Murshidabad 40 63/37 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
49 Jiaganj-Azimganj Murshidabad 20.53 48/52 Partial Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
50 Kandi Murshidabad 25.34 67/33 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
51 Murshidabad Murshidabad 30 69/31 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No

52 Birnagar Nadia 16.77 80/20 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
53 Chakdah Nadia 54.12 58/32 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Coopers' Camp
54 Nadia 13.86 60/40 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
NAA
55 Haringhata Nadia 0.01 50/50 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
56 Kalyani Nadia 58 54/46 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
57 Krishnanagar Nadia 130 58/42 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
58 Nabadwip Nadia 53.98 56/44 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
59 Ranaghat Nadia 25.89 61/39 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
60 Santipur Nadia 65.22 62/38 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
61 Taherpur NAA Nadia 0.45 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Ashokenagar-
62 North 24 Pgs 79.65 53/47 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Kalyangarh
63 Baduria North 24 Pgs 13.62 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
64 Baranagar North 24 Pgs 150 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
65 Barasat North 24 Pgs 130 55/45 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
66 Barrackpore North 24 Pgs 50 56/44 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
(TPD) Waste
67 Basirhat North 24 Pgs 29 59/41 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
68 Bhatpara North 24 Pgs 205 52/48 Yes Assesment going on Yes 1 Assesment going on Yes No
69 Bidhannagar North 24 Pgs 400 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
70 Bongaon North 24 Pgs 65 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
71 Dum Dum North 24 Pgs 62.1 53/47 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
72 Garulia North 24 Pgs 35 51/49 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
73 Gayeshpur North 24 Pgs 60 57/43 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
74 Gobardanga North 24 Pgs 17.7 55/45 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
75 Habra North 24 Pgs 72 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
76 Halisahar North 24 Pgs 52 56/44 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
77 Kamarhati North 24 Pgs 160 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
78 Kanchrapara North 24 Pgs 56.71 55/45 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
79 Khardah North 24 Pgs 64.5 50/50 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
80 Madhyamgram North 24 Pgs 58 84/52 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
81 Naihati North 24 Pgs 100 56/44 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
82 New Barrackpore North 24 Pgs 29.8 70/30 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
83 North Barrackpore North 24 Pgs 59 51/49 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
84 North Dum Dum North 24 Pgs 165 57/43 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
85 Panihati North 24 Pgs 193 55/45 Partial Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
86 South Dum Dum North 24 Pgs 372 51/49 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
87 Taki North 24 Pgs 21.75 66/34 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
88 Titagarh North 24 Pgs 65 50/50 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Paschim
89 Asansol MC 654 56/44 Yes Assesment going on Partial 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Burdwan
Paschim
90 Durgapur MC 402.63 51/49 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
137
Burdwan
138
(TPD) Waste
Paschim
91 Chandrokona 7.8 54/46 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
92 Ghatal 26.52 75/25 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
93 Kharagpur 114.6 58/42 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
94 Kharar 4.1 50/50 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
95 Khirpai 5.92 75/25 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
96 Midnapore 87.3 71/29 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Paschim
97 Ramjibanpore 7.55 56/44 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
98 Bardhaman Purba Burdwan 140 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
99 Dainhat Purba Burdwan 48.51 52/48 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
100 Gushkara Purba Burdwan 26 54/46 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
101 Kalna Purba Burdwan 27.72 74/26 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
102 Katwa Purba Burdwan 40 63/37 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
103 Memari Purba Burdwan 14.53 64/36 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Purba
104 Contai 45 52/48 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Purba
105 Egra 19 57/43 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Purba
106 Haldia 80 83/17 Yes Assesment going on Yes 1 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Purba
107 Panskura 24.18 75/25 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
Purba
108 Tamralipta 15 58/42 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
Medinipur
109 Jhaldah Purulia 7.56 56/44 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
110 Purulia Purulia 60.6 52/48 Partial Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
(TPD) Waste
111 Raghunathpur Purulia 11.43 60/40 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
112 Baruipur South 24 Pgs 17 65/35 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
113 Budge-Budge South 24 Pgs 40 70/30 Partial Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
114 Diamond Harbour South 24 Pgs 18 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
115 Jainagar-Mazilpore South 24 Pgs 18 52/48 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
116 Maheshtala South 24 Pgs 184 52/48 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
117 Pujali South 24 Pgs 15.6 58/42 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
118 Rajpur Sonarpore South 24 Pgs 170 51/49 Yes Assesment going on No 1 Assesment going on Yes No
119 Balurghat South Dinajpur 75 71/29 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
120 Buniyadpur South Dinajpur 30 54/46 No Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
121 Gangarampore South Dinajpur 30.56 63/37 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
122 Dalkhola Uttar Dinajpur 8.22 60/40 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
123 Islampore Uttar Dinajpur 21.73 56/44 Yes Assesment going on Yes 0 Assesment going on Yes No
124 Kaliaganj Uttar Dinajpur 59 65/35 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
125 Raiganj Uttar Dinajpur 90 61/39 Yes Assesment going on No 0 Assesment going on Yes No
139
Name of the Munici- District 1-Area in 2 - No. of 3 -No. of non-resi- 4 -Popula- 5 -MSW 6 -Per Capita 7 -MSW 8-Collection
140
pality/Corporation Sq. Km House- dential premises in tion Generation Waste Genera- Collection Efficiency
hold the city (MT) tion (gm/Day) (MT) (%)
Alipurduar Municipality Alipurduar 9.57 15556 2264 65232 35.65 546.51 35.65 100.0
Arambagh Municipality Hooghly 34.75 16642 19? 66175 30.25 457.12 0 0.0
Asansol Municipal Cor- Paschim Burd- 326.48 225350 2944 1156387 624 539.61 499.2 80.0
poration wan
Ashokenagar-Kalyan- North 24 Par- 20.5 30336 2 13671 78.4 5734.77 60.03 76.6
ANNEXURE II
garh Municipality ganas

Baduria Municipality North 24 Par- 22.43 15432 450 55500 13.62 245.41 3.42 25.1
ganas
Baidyabati Municipality Hooghly 12.03 32910 4243 121110 55 454.13 55 100.0
Balurghat Municipality Dakshin Dina- 10.56 48761 6917 151299 745 4924.02 550 73.8
jpur
Buniadpur Municipality Dakhin Dinajpur 24.9234 9038 57 40354 30 743.42 30 100.0
Bankura Municipality Bankura 19.06 28219 349 137386 65 473.12 62 95.4

Bansberia Municipality Hooghly 9.07 24276 1000 103920 39 375.29 37 94.9
Baranagar Municipality North 24 Par- 7.12 8462 54 292637 145 495.49 130 89.7
ganas
Barasat Municipality North 24 Par- 34.5 109874 2897 27844390 130 4.67 118 90.8
ganas
Barrackpore Munici- North 24 Par- 10.61 37656 18160 152783 50 327.26 45 90.0
pality ganas
Baruipur Municipality South 24 Par- 9.07 16719 13 53128 17 319.98 15 88.2
ganas
Basirhat Municipality North 24 Par- 14.5 29137 151 125089 22 175.87 13 59.1
ganas
Beldanga Municipality Murshidabad 3.98 7492 11 29182 17.75 608.25 15.75 88.7
Berhampore Munici- Murshidabad 31.43 44000 0 193363 90 465.45 80 88.9

pality
Domkal Municipality, Murshidabad 89.6 34086 3000 136000 100 735.29 100 100.0
Bhadreswar Municipality Hooghly 8.28 26839 0 101477 23 226.65 23 100.0
Bhatpara Municipality North 24 Par- 27.02 92456 0 3,85,867 205 531.27 205 100.0
ganas
Bidhannagar Munici- North 24 Par- 61.48 153661 0 634107 400 630.81 400 100.0
pality ganas
Birnagar Municipality Nadia 5.52 5068 1632 30799 10.2 331.18 7.14 70.0
Bishnupur Municipality Bankura 22.01 15074 0 67783 205.7 3034.68 158 76.8
Bolpur Municipality Birbhum 13.13 19032 0 80210 70 872.71 70 100.0
Bongaon Municipality North 24 Par- 14.274 29680 0 119340 71 594.94 71 100.0

ganas
Budge Budge Munici- South 24 Par- 9.06 14738 80 76858 40 520.44 25 62.5
pality ganas
Burdwan Municipality Purba Burdwan 26.3 50317 13199 314638 140 444.96 130 92.9
Chakdah Municipality Nadia 15.36 29420 0 95203 68 714.26 40 58.8
Champdany Municipality Hooghly 605 27 0 111251 18 161.80 13 72.2
Chandannagore Munici- Hooghly 22.03 41296 0 166771 45.5 272.83 40.95 90.0
pal Corporation
Chandrakona Munici- Paschim Med- 16.58 5998 12 23000 7.8 339.13 3.5 44.9
pality inipur
Contai Municipality Purba Medinipur 14.25 18442 15000 92212 45 488.01 27 60.0
Cooch Behar Munici- Cooch Behar 8.19 21471 264 89325 45.69 511.50 39.45 86.3
pality
Coopers' Camp Munic- Nadia 1.5 4528 572 20491 7.5 366.01 6 80.0
ipality
Dainhat Municipality Burdwan 10.36 5318 1377 24390 48.51 1988.93 32.35 66.7
Dalkhola Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 15.95 6700 200 50000 800 16000.00 800 100.0
Dankuni Municipality Hooghly 19.5 24530 0 103466 20 193.30 20 100.0
Darjeeling Municipality Darjeeling 7.437 20555 0 120414 55.11 457.67 55.11 100.0
Dhulian Municipality Murshidabad 602 20000 2100 105000 45 428.57 N.A #VALUE!
Dhupguri Municipality Jalpaiguri 14.99 12525 0 44713 15 335.47 15 100.0
Diamond Harbour Mu- South 24 Par- 10.5 100221 1950 55000 18 327.27 10 55.6
nicipality ganas
Dinhata Municipality Cooch Behar 4.55 13844 2110 36124 20 553.65 18.1 90.5
Dubrajpur Municipality Birbhum 16.48 11456 - 38037 47.87 1258.51 47.87 100.0
Dum Dum Municipality North 24 Par- 09/01/00 11/03/03 244 114786 62.1 541.01 62.1 100.0
141
ganas
142
Durgapur Municipal Burdwan 154 164079 25000 656316 262 399.20 192 73.3
Corporation
Egra Municipality Purba Medinipur 17.21 6636 2000 30148 9.12 302.51 8.2 89.9
English Bazar Munici- Malda 13.25 42867 2011 205521 190 924.48 185 97.4
pality
Gangarampore Munic- Dakshin Dina- 10.29 13585 1750 56175 12 213.62 11 91.7
ipality jpur
Garulia Municipality North 24 Par- 4.96 18303 98 85336 35 410.14 25 71.4
ganas
Gayeshpur Municipality Nadia 22.63 17423 115 58998 60 1016.98 25 41.7
Ghatal Municipality Paschim Med- 10.4 11303 3225 54591 24 439.63 22 91.7
inipur
Gobardanga Munici- North 24 Par- 13.5 12615 259 45392 16 352.49 16 100.0
pality ganas
Guskara Municipality Purba Burdwan 17.08 0 0 35374 26 735.00 0.00045 0.0
Habra Municipality North 24 Par- 21.85 37303 4348 147267 72 488.91 60-65 #VALUE!
ganas
Haldia Municipality East Medinipur 109.65 44000 5200 200827 80 398.35 55 68.8
Haldibari Municipality Cooch Behar 10 3405 0 16275 3.75 230.41 3.75 100.0
Halisahar Municipality North 24 Par- 8.29 33613 3400 124851 52 416.50 45-50 #VALUE!
ganas
Hooghly-Chinsurah Nadia 17.29 46021 19910 177259 80 451.32 65 81.3
Municipality
Howrah Municipal Cor- Hooghly 63.55 296008 68000 1370448 910 664.02 885 97.3
poration
Islampur Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 11.4 14777 2820 61259 21.73 354.72 17.29 79.6
Jalpaiguri Municipality Jalpaiguri 12.83 31280 395 107341 55 512.39 48 87.3
Jangipur Municipality Murshidabad 8.2 13100 _ 88165 40 453.69 35 87.5
Jhalda Municipality Purulia 3.88 0 0 22727 6 264.00 5 83.3
Jhargram Municipality Jhargram 21.04 20330 8784 80000 42 525.00 38 90.5
Jiaganj-Azimganj Munic- Murshidabad 11.66 11706 4254 51790 20.53 396.41 18.61 90.6
ipality
Joynagar-Majilpur Mu- South 24 Par- 5.85 6756 1312 26031 10.1 388.00 10.1 100.0
nicipality ganas
Kalimpong Municipality Kalimpong 8.68 10366 1540 49403 38.085 770.90 22.8 59.9
Kaliyaganj Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 11.67 12347 123 53530 53 990.10 47 88.7
Kalna Municipality Purba Burdwan 4.55 12966 400 57056 27 473.22 25 92.6
Kalyani Municipality Nadia 29.14 25207 365 1,00,620 56 556.55 50-52 #VALUE!
Kamarhati Municipality North 24 Par- 10.9 80000 - 331163 160 483.15 135-144 #VALUE!
ganas
Kanchrapara Munici- North 24 Par- 9.07 27976 _ 129576 42 324.13 40 95.2
pality ganas
Kandi Municipality Murshidabad 12.97 13040 1020 60030 42 699.65 40 95.2
Katwa Municipality Purba Burdwan 7.93 17200 1050 81615 32 392.08 32 100.0
Kharagpur Municipality Paschim Med- 103 69707 1000 289631 102 352.17 90.5 88.7
inipur
Kharar Municipality Paschim Med- 10.26 2644 355 12220 5.54 453.36 0.8 14.4
inipur
Khardah Municipality North 24 Par- 6.87 26000 22 109342 64.5 589.89 53 82.2
ganas
Khirpai Municipality Paschim Med- 11.65 4511 26 16385 2 122.06 2 100.0
inipur
Kolkata Municipal Cor- Kolkata 206.08 1024928 0 4486679 4590 1023.03 4500 98.0
poration
Konnagar Municipality Hooghly 4.67 0 0 76152 30 393.95 2 6.7
Krishnanagar Munici- Nadia 14.962 38052 208 1,53,063 130 849.32 130 100.0
pality
Kurseong Municipality Darjeeling 7.5 6288 47 42346 11 259.76 8 72.7
Madhyamgram Munic- North 24 Par- 21.5 70000 15000 220000 55 250.00 46 83.6
ipality ganas
Maheshtala Municipality South 24 Par- 44.18 120168 27310 449423 184 409.41 36.3 19.7
ganas
Mal Municipality Jalpaiguri 7.5 7285 1143 25218 8 317.23 8 100.0
143
144
Mathabhanga Munici- Cooch Behar 3.27 6681 384 23895 8 334.80 7 87.5
pality
Mekhligani Municipality Cooch Behar 3.88 3379 320 9123 2.3 252.11 1.2 52.2
Haringhata Municipality Nadia 35 13572 0 45953 0.15 3.26 0.15 100.0
Memari Municipality Purba Burdwan 8.84 13089 1933 41450 10 241.25 7.7 77.0
Midnapore Municipality Paschim MEd- 18.36 40000 0 169127 90 532.14 81 90.0

inipur
Mirik Municipality Darjeeling 6 3025 205 12000 30.6-4 #VALUE! 3.2-3.6 #VALUE!
Murshidabad Munici- Murshidabad 17.5 12745 75 64064 32 499.50 28 87.5

pality
Nabadwip Municipality Nadia 11.66 30000 0 125543 53.98 429.97 50.25 93.1
Naihati Municipality North 24 Par- 11.55 36447 0 256447 165 643.41 148.5 90.0
ganas
Nalhati Municipality Birbhum 12 8556 12 41244 30 727.38 26 86.7
New Barrackpore Munic- North 24 Par- 8.69 16725 0 76879 29.06 378.00 27.08 93.2
ipality ganas
North Barrackpore Mu- North 24 Par- 13.6 32564 2757 132806 47 353.90 43 91.5
nicipality ganas
North Dum Dum Munic- North 24 Par- 20 64471 85 249142 150 602.07 135 90.0
ipality ganas
Old Malda Municipality Malda 9.58 17342 0 84012 30.35 361.26 24.28 80.0
Panihati Municipality North 24 Par- 19.38 78000 584 422000 169 400.47 152 89.9
ganas
Panskura Municipality Purba Medinipur 17.04 12900 15 57904 20 345.40 14 70.0
Pujali Municipality South 24 Par- 8.33 10500 0 37100 3.2 86.25 4 125.0
ganas
Purulia Municipality Purulia 13.93 39200 0 121436 125 1029.35 125 100.0
Raghunathpur Munici- Purulia 12.95 6500 600 25621 39 1522.19 30 76.9

pality
Raiganj Municipality Uttr Dinajpur 10.76 33194 53 183612 90 490.16 729 810.0
Rajpur-Sonarpur Munic- South 24 Par- 49.25 136884 2248 423724 169.23 399.39 147.1 86.9
ipality ganas
Ramjibanpur Munici- Paschim Med- 15.83 6050 1550 19611 4.724 240.89 0.69 14.6
pality inipur
Rampurhat Municipality Birbhum 16.67 17256 714 57891 105 1813.75 85 81.0
Ranaghat Municipality Nadia 7.72 17665 3275 75344 28 371.63 25 89.3
Rishra Municipality Hooghly 6.763 29461 0 124585 50 401.33 45 90.0
Sainthia Municipality Birbhum 10 13303 100 44608 30 672.53 21 70.0
Santipur Municipality Nadia 25.88 37578 450 151777 68 448.03 68 100.0
Serampore Municipality Hooghly 17.6 42258 11200 183339 90 490.89 80 88.9
Siliguri Municipal Cor- Jalpaiguri 41.9 115000 25000 513264 400 779.33 340 85.0
poration
Sonamukhi Municipality Bankura 8.557 6402 150 29085 9.7 333.51 8 82.5
South Dum Dum Munic- North 24 Par- 17.25 103741 0 403316 578 1433.12 520 90.0
ipality ganas
Suri Municipality Birbhum 10.25 19126 2001 77650 60 772.70 55 91.7
Taherpur Municipality Nadia 2.01 0 0 20894 0.7 33.50 0.45 64.3
Taki Municipality North 24 Par- 12.96 8919 0 38263 3.2 83.63 2.6 81.3
ganas
Tamralipta Municipality, Purba Medinipur 17.86 13522 885 65312 24 367.47 20 83.3
Tarakeswar Municipality Hooghly 3.88 6682 48 30947 13.16 425.24 12.5 95.0
Titagarh Municipality North 24 Par- 3.39 23869 0 116520 65 557.84 59 90.8

ganas
Tufanganj Municipality Cooch Behar 2.5 8700 4 20998 13.95 664.35 13950 100000.0
Uluberia Municipality Howrah 34.1 51620 0 232290 20 86.10 12 60.0
Uttarpara-Kotrung Mu- Hooghly 12.58 45715 3180 162386 90.66 558.30 89.81 99.1
nicipality
145
ANNEXURE III
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Alipurduar Alipurduar 450 No 0 38 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Arambagh Hooghly 400 No 10 130 NIL 29.645 1 0
Municipality
Asansol Paschim 450 No 56 2240 NIL 499.2 5 0
Municipal Burdwan
Corporation
Ashokenagar- North 24 493.7 Yes 23 50008 NIL 0 1 0
Kalyangarh Parganas
Municipality
Baduria North 24 1,38,750 No 3 N.A. NIL 0.42 1 NIL
Municipality Parganas
Baidyabati Hooghly 150 Yes 23 55 15 40 2 1
Municipality
Balurghat Dakshin 0.4 No 25 81 0 550 1 NIL
Municipality Dinajpur
Buniadpur Dakhin Dinajpur 745 No 0 0 NIL 30 1 0
Municipality,
Bankura Bankura 430 No 0 281 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Bansberia Hooghly 390.00 No 17 236 NIL 0 2 0
Municipality
Baranagar North 24 500.00 Yes 34 76 NIL 0 1 1
Barasat North 24 450 No 35 35 Nil 0 0 0
Barrackpore North 24 300 No 24 615 Nil 45 1 1
Baruipur South 24 250 No 17 90 Nil 0 1 1
Basirhat North 24 104 No 8 1 NIL 0 1 0
Beldanga Murshidabad 450 No 14 0 NIL 15.75 0 0
Municipality
Berhampore Murshidabad 300 Yes 28 39 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Domkal Murshidabad 735 NO 3 63 NIL 100 1 1
Municipality,
Bhadreswar Hooghly 4.56 Yes 22 41 4.5 11.38 1 1
Municipality
Bhatpara North 24 500 yes 35 624 NIL 0 2 2
Bidhannagar North 24 550 No 41 190 NIL 0 1 0
146
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Birnagar Nadia 300 Yes 14 208 NIL 5.54 3 3
Municipality
Bishnupur Bankura 330 Yes 2 1850 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Bolpur Birbhum 65 250 7 0 NIL 65 1 0
Municipality
Bongaon North 24 600.0 No 22 0 NIL 71 1 0
Budge Budge South 24 250 NO 2 45 NIL 0 1 0
Burdwan Purba Burdwan 400 NO 35 234 NIL 130 1 0
Municipality
Chakdah Nadia 0.00 No 0 205 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Champdany Hooghly 170 Yes 22 78 NIL 15 1 1
Municipality
Chandannagore Hooghly 225 No 18 522 NIL 0 1 0
Municipal Corpo-
ration
Chandrakona Paschim 400 No 0 225 NIL 3 1 0
Municipality Medinipur
Contai Purba 250 Yes 6500 423 NIL 0 0 0
Cooch Behar Cooch Behar 441 No 20 10 NIL 0 0 1
Municipality
Coopers' Camp Nadia 400 No 0 0 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Dainhat Burdwan 462 No 4 102 NIL 32.35 0 0
Municipality
Dalkhola Uttar Dinajpur 65 No 6 160 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Dankuni Hooghly 250 No 21 0 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Darjeeling Darjeeling 300 .? 32 151 NIL 50 1 1
Municipality
Dhulian Murshidabad 400 Yes 5 7745 NIL 40 0 0
Municipality
Dhupguri Jalpaiguri 400 No _ NIL NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Diamond South 24 180 Yes 10 177 NIL 1 1 1
Harbour Parganas
Municipality
Dinhata Cooch Behar 525.00 No 16 7 NIL 18.1 1 1
Municipality
147
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Dubrajpur Birbhum 1170 NO 7 118 NIL 0 2 0
Municipality
Dum Dum North 24 460 Yes 22 59 NIL 62.1 1 1
Durgapur Burdwan 300 No Yes _ NIL 0 1 0
Municipal
Corporation
Egra Municipality Purba 200 Yes 14 170 NIL 8.2 1 _
Medinipur
English Bazar Malda 450 No 29 ? NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Gangarampore Dakshin 1.99 No 12 45 NIL 11 ? _
Municipality Dinajpur
Garulia North 24 400.00 Yes 21 136 NIL 0 1 0
Gayeshpur Nadia 416.00 No 18 3 NIL 30 1 1
Municipality
Ghatal Paschim 439.00 No 11 181 NIL 22 1 NIL
Gobardanga North 24 0.83 No 17 NIL 16 0 1
Guskara Purba Burdwan 350 No 2 0 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Habra North 24 250.00 No 24 0 NIL 60 1 0
Haldia East Medinipur 350 No 25 82 NIL 3 0 1
Municipality
Haldibari Cooch Behar 3750 No 0 ? NIL ? 2 0
Municipality
Halisahar North 24 450 No 16 80 NIL 20 1 2
Hooghly- Nadia 500 Yes 30 82 NIL 0 1 1
Chinsurah
Municipality
Howrah Hooghly 664 NO 60 1616 NIL 10 2 0
Municipal
Corporation
Islampur Uttar Dinajpur 400 Yes 17 10000 NIL 17.29 2 0
Municipality
Jalpaiguri Jalpaiguri 440 No 25 120 NIL 48 1 0
Municipality
Jangipur Murshidabad 175.00 NA 20 No NIL 2 NIL
Municipality
Jhalda Purulia 250 No 12 60 NIL 4 0 3
Municipality
148
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Jhargram Jhargram 525 No 10 16 Nil 9.2 2 0
Municipality
Jiaganj-Azimganj Murshidabad 308 Yes 11 66 NIL 18.61 2 0
Municipality
Joynagar-Majilpur South 24 388 No 12 31 NIL 0 1 1
Kalimpong Kalimpong 400.00 No 0 300 NIL 22.8 1 1
Municipality
Kaliyaganj Uttar Dinajpur 990 No 17 0 NIL 47 1 1
Municipality
Kalna Purba Burdwan 450 No 18 0 NIL 7 1 1
Municipality
Kalyani Nadia 450 Yes _ 8 NIL 52 1 0
Municipality
Kamarhati North 24 407 No _ 150 NIL 116 1 1
Kanchrapara North 24 450.00 Yes _ 37 NIL 40 1 0
Kandi Murshidabad 700 No 0 42 NIL 10 0 2
Municipality
Katwa Purba Burdwan 400 _ 20 16 NIL 32 0 0
Municipality
Kharagpur Paschim 500 NO _ 99 NIL 90 1 1
Kharar Paschim 454 Yes 0 200 NIL 0 0 0
Khardah North 24 450 Yes 22 120 NIL 0 1 0
Khirpai Paschim 0.12 NO 0 200 NIL 0 1 0
Kolkata Municipal Kolkata 550 Yes 144 12450 NIL 4234 2 0
Corporation
Konnagar Hooghly 0.75 Yes 20 ? NIL 200 1 1
Municipality
Krishnanagar Nadia 300 Yes 34246 150 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Kurseong Darjeeling 400 No 0 126 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Madhyamgram North 24 250 NO 28 26 NIL 46 1 0
Maheshtala South 24 35.00 No 35 0 56 54 18 1
Mal Municipality Jalpaiguri 200 Yes 15 0 NIL 0 0 0
149
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Mathabhanga Cooch Behar 275 Yes 12 87 NIL 7 1 0
Municipality
Mekhligani Cooch Behar 131 - 0 0 NIL 0.8 1 0
Municipality
Haringhata Nadia 150 Yes 17 1 NIL 0.15 0 0
Municipality
Memari Purba Burdwan 225 No 13 37 NIL NA 2 0
Municipality
Midnapore Paschim 500 NO 10 64 NIL 81 1 0
Municipality MEdinipur
Mirik Darjeeling 340 NO NA 0 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Murshidabad Murshidabad 500 NO 14 0 NIL 28 ? ?
Municipality
Nabadwip Nadia 426.00 NO 12 244 NIL 0 1 0
Municipality
Naihati North 24 580 0 31 150 NIL 0 2 0
Nalhati Birbhum 26 No 16 140 NIl 30 0 0
Municipality
New Barrackpore North 24 304 Yes 20 224 NIl 0 2 2
North North 24 300 No 23 160 NIL 42 0 0
Barrackpore Parganas
Municipality
North Dum Dum North 24 602 Yes 34 22 NIL 0 0 0
Old Malda Malda 289 No 20 40 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Panihati North 24 400 Yes 27 240 NIL 0 1 0
Panskura Purba 250 Yes 0 0 NIL 0 1 0
Pujali South 24 500 Yes 2 0 NIL 0 0 1
Purulia Purulia 782 No 0 96 NIL 125 0 0
Municipality
Raghunathpur Purulia 1522 No 0 0 NIL 39 0 0
Municipality
Raiganj Uttr Dinajpur 397 No 27 670 NIL 0 1 1
Municipality
Rajpur-Sonarpur South 24 250.00 NO 35 0 NIL 0 1 1
Ramjibanpur Paschim 51.94 Yes 0 23 NIL 0.35 2 0
150
Municipality/Cor-
posting/compost-
waste) Landfilled
Collection (No of
Waste Collected
11-Door-to-door
10 -Segregation
12 -No. of waste
15-(Quantity of
14 -Vermicom-
ing (MT/Day)
Landfill (Nos)
storgae depot
9 - Per Capita
16 -Dumpsite
Name of the
17-Sanitory
((MT/Day)
(gm/day)
poration
District
Wards)
Rampurhat Birbhum 300 No 18 67 NIL 0 2 0
Municipality
Ranaghat Nadia 250 Yes 20 141 NIL 23 1 1
Municipality
Rishra Hooghly 250 Yes 6 30 153 35 0 0
Municipality
Sainthia Birbhum 350 Yes 16 17 NIL 0 0 0
Municipality
Santipur Nadia 600.00 No 22 59 NIL 0 1 1
Municipality
Serampore Hooghly 400 Yes 29 580 115 30 2 1
Municipality
Siliguri Municipal Jalpaiguri 662 Yes 47 476 115 270 2 0
Corporation
Sonamukhi Bankura 275.00 Yes 8 962 NIL 8 1 0
Municipality
South Dum Dum North 24 775.00 No 35 22 NIL 0 1 1
Suri Municipality Birbhum 580.00 No 19 119 NIL 0 1 0
Taherpur Nadia 5 Yes 13 1 NIL 10 2 0

Municipality
Taki Municipality North 24 70 No 16 0 NIL 2.6 2 2
Parganas
Tamralipta Purba 400 No 20 146 NIL 20 1 0
Municipality, Medinipur
Tarakeswar Hooghly 404 Yes 15 45 NIL 12.5 1 0
Municipality
Titagarh North 24 500.00 No 23 220 NIL 50 1 0
Tufanganj Cooch Behar 0.00 No 12 0 NIL 13.95 1 1
Municipality
Uluberia Howrah 755 Yes 3 300 NIL 12 0 2
Municipality
Uttarpara- Hooghly 425 Yes 24 60 27.79 52.81 1 0
Kotrung
Municipality
151
Name of the
152
Municipality/ District 13 -Type of vehicle use and trips
Corporation
Garbage Non
Tri- Refuse Wheel Animal Hand Tipping Hydraulic Dumper JCB/
Tracotor Bin Tipping Others Compactors
Cycle collectors barrow Cart Trolly Truck tripper Placer Loader
Trailor Truck
Alipurduar Municipality Alipurduar 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0
Arambagh Municipality Hooghly 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Asansol Municipal
ANNEXURE IV
Paschim Burdwan 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 0 10 7 3 2
Corporation
Ashokenagar-Kalyangarh
North 24 Parganas 3 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 1
Municipality
Baduria Municipality North 24 Parganas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Baidyabati Municipality Hooghly 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1
Balurghat Municipality Dakshin Dinajpur 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0
Buniadpur Municipality, Dakhin Dinajpur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

Bankura Municipality Bankura 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0
Bansberia Municipality Hooghly 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 60
Baranagar Municipality North 24 Parganas 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 1
Barasat Municipality North 24 Parganas 10 0 0 0 37 0 0 0 2 0 0 4 4 1
Barrackpore Municipality North 24 Parganas 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 NIL
Baruipur Municipality South 24 Parganas 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 1 2 0
Basirhat Municipality North 24 Parganas 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Beldanga Municipality Murshidabad ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berhampore Municipality Murshidabad 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 13 0 3
Domkal Municipality, Murshidabad 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Bhadreswar Municipality Hooghly ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bhatpara Municipality North 24 Parganas 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 4 2
Bidhannagar Municipality North 24 Parganas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Birnagar Municipality Nadia 2 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
Bishnupur Municipality Bankura 10 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 20 0 1 1
Bolpur Municipality Birbhum 8 0 0 1 6 0 0 100 1 0 0 1 1 1

Name of the
Corporation
Garbage Non
Trailor Truck
Bongaon Municipality North 24 Parganas 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Budge Budge Municipality South 24 Parganas 4 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0
Burdwan Municipality Purba Burdwan 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 1
Chakdah Municipality Nadia 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 2
Champdany Municipality Hooghly 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2
Chandannagore Municipal
Hooghly 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 3 1
Corporation
Chandrakona Municipality Paschim Medinipur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Contai Municipality Purba Medinipur 8 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1
Cooch Behar Municipality Cooch Behar 6 0 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 2
Coopers' Camp
Nadia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Municipality
Dainhat Municipality Burdwan 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Dalkhola Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Dankuni Municipality Hooghly 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0
Darjeeling Municipality Darjeeling 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0
Dhulian Municipality Murshidabad 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 1
Dhupguri Municipality Jalpaiguri 2 10 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Diamond Harbour
South 24 Parganas 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 1 0
Municipality
Dinhata Municipality Cooch Behar 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 1 1
Dubrajpur Municipality Birbhum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dum Dum Municipality North 24 Parganas 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 1
Durgapur Municipal
Burdwan 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 9 3 1
Corporation
Egra Municipality Purba Medinipur 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 40
153
English Bazar Municipality Malda 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2
Name of the
154
Corporation
Garbage Non
Trailor Truck
Gangarampore
Dakshin Dinajpur 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Municipality
Garulia Municipality North 24 Parganas 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1
Gayeshpur Municipality Nadia 8 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Ghatal Municipality Paschim Medinipur 1 30 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Gobardanga Municipality North 24 Parganas 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Guskara Municipality Purba Burdwan 1 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Habra Municipality North 24 Parganas 7 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 32
Haldia Municipality East Medinipur 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2

Haldibari Municipality Cooch Behar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halisahar Municipality North 24 Parganas 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0
Hooghly-Chinsurah
Nadia 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 1 3 2
Municipality
Howrah Municipal
Hooghly 13 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 4 14/6
Corporation
Islampur Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 6 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 1 0
Jalpaiguri Municipality Jalpaiguri 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 0 0 0 2 1
Jangipur Municipality Murshidabad 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Jhalda Municipality Purulia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jhargram Municipality Jhargram 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 0 1 1
Jiaganj-Azimganj
Murshidabad 3 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Municipality
Joynagar-Majilpur
South 24 Parganas 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
Municipality
Kalimpong Municipality Kalimpong 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 1
Kaliyaganj Municipality Uttar Dinajpur 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 1 0
Kalna Municipality Purba Burdwan 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0
Kalyani Municipality Nadia 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 0

Name of the
Corporation
Garbage Non
Trailor Truck
Kamarhati Municipality North 24 Parganas 80 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 3 0 1
Kanchrapara Municipality North 24 Parganas 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 ?
Kandi Municipality Murshidabad 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Katwa Municipality Purba Burdwan 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Kharagpur Municipality Paschim Medinipur 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 2, 1
Kharar Municipality Paschim Medinipur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Khardah Municipality North 24 Parganas 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 0
Khirpai Municipality Paschim Medinipur 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Kolkata Municipal
Kolkata 8 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 25 210 10
Corporation
Konnagar Municipality Hooghly 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Krishnanagar Municipality Nadia 15 98 0 11 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0
Kurseong Municipality Darjeeling 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Madhyamgram
North 24 Parganas 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 5 0
Municipality
Maheshtala Municipality South 24 Parganas 6 0 0 22 115 0 0 0 0 0 4 79 8 5
Mal Municipality Jalpaiguri 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mathabhanga Municipality Cooch Behar 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Mekhligani Municipality Cooch Behar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haringhata Municipality Nadia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Memari Municipality Purba Burdwan 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Midnapore Municipality Paschim MEdinipur 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 0 0
Mirik Municipality Darjeeling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Murshidabad Municipality Murshidabad 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 3 0
Nabadwip Municipality Nadia 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 1 2 0
155
Name of the
156
Corporation
Garbage Non
Trailor Truck
Naihati Municipality North 24 Parganas 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
Nalhati Municipality Birbhum 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 4 1 1 1
New Barrackpore
North 24 Parganas 11 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Municipality
North Barrackpore
North 24 Parganas 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ? 0
Municipality
North Dum Dum

North 24 Parganas 13 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 3 3 2
Municipality
Old Malda Municipality Malda 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Panihati Municipality North 24 Parganas 19 0 0 75 3 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1
Panskura Municipality Purba Medinipur 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
Pujali Municipality South 24 Parganas 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Purulia Municipality Purulia 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 3 0
Raghunathpur Municipality Purulia 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Raiganj Municipality Uttr Dinajpur 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 1
Rajpur-Sonarpur
South 24 Parganas 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 2 0 4 2
Municipality
Ramjibanpur Municipality Paschim Medinipur 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Rampurhat Municipality Birbhum 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Ranaghat Municipality Nadia 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rishra Municipality Hooghly 8 0 0 84 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 2 2
Sainthia Municipality Birbhum 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5
Santipur Municipality Nadia 8 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Serampore Municipality Hooghly 20 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 58 0 1
Siliguri Municipal
Jalpaiguri 8 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 17 0 16 18 9 10
Corporation
Sonamukhi Municipality Bankura 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
South Dum Dum

North 24 Parganas 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 20 3
Municipality
Name of the
Corporation
Garbage Non
Trailor Truck
Suri Municipality Birbhum 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Taherpur Municipality Nadia 2 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Taki Municipality North 24 Parganas 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
Tamralipta Municipality, Purba Medinipur 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 1 0
Tarakeswar Municipality Hooghly 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Titagarh Municipality North 24 Parganas 8 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0
Tufanganj Municipality Cooch Behar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uluberia Municipality Howrah 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uttarpara-Kotrung
Hooghly 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 3
Municipality
157
ANNEXURE V
Relative Ranking of Overall Performance of States
158
Performance of states and UTs on SDGs
West Bengal’s Average performance by SDG
159
West Bengal’s performance by indicator
160
ANNEXURE VI
This annexure describes the methods used to estimate physical and chemical
characteristics of solid waste samples.
Physical Analysis
Sample collection
The procedure adopted for physical analysis was the cone and quartering method
whereby approximately 100 kg samples were collected from various points from the
municipal bin, mixed well and made into a cone; the cone was halved, further divided into
two half’s again and one quarter of the sample separated. This procedure was repeated
3-4 times and each of the quarter collected was mixed together. From this sample 100 kg
was collected for the physical analysis. The samples were collected in gunny bags.
Bulk Density
The samples bulk density was calculated by introducing it into a box of known dimension.
It was ensured that no forced compaction took place while filling the box. The box along
with the waste was then weighed. The bulk density was calculated as follows:
Bulk Density = W2 - W1
in tonnes m3 V x 1000
Where,
W2 = weight of the box + waste, kg
W1 = weight of the box, kg
V = volume of the box in m3 (length x depth x width)

Segregation
The sample was physically segregated into the following categories: -

1. Paper
2. Plastic
3. Leather, clothes, synthetics
4. Glass
5. Metals
6. Inerts (ceramics, thermocol, bricks)
Each of the above was weighed, and the left over comprised of organic matter.
Chemical Analysis
Sample collection
Approximately 3 kg of samples was collected in polythene packets from each of the

sampling location. The procedure adopted for sample collection was the cone and
quartering method whereby approximately 100 kg samples were collected from different
points in the municipal bin, mixed well and made into a cone; the cone was halved,
further divided into half again and one quarter of the sample separated. This procedure
161
was repeated four times and each of the quarter collected was mixed together. From
this sample 3 kg was collected randomly for the laboratory analysis. The samples were
collected in polythene packets and sealed to minimize moisture loss. The samples were
transported to the laboratory where it was stored at – 15 º C in a deep freezer until further
analysis.
Prior to analysis the samples were removed from the freezer, thawed and segregated.
Only organic matter was collected from the samples for chemical analysis
Estimation of Moisture
A known weight of the sample was heated at 105 º C for 24 hours. The sample was
thereafter transferred to a dessicator and kept till it cooled. The sample was weighed and
again placed in an oven for 2 hours. The process of heating and cooling was repeated till
the difference in mass (weight) in two successive weighing was less than 1%.
The moisture content was calculated as percentage of the original mass using the equation
mention below.
% Moisture = Wet Weight – Dry Weight X 100

Wet Weight
Samples preparation for chemical analysis

The samples from the polythene packet were segregated for their organic matter by
initially handpicking the larger organic wastes such as vegetable and fruit peels etc
from the non-degradable matter like plastics, cloth, etc. Smaller organic wastes that were
difficult to handpick were separated using sieves of various pore sizes.
Essentially samples for chemical analysis comprised of decaying vegetable and fruit
peels, leaves, cooked rice, fish, meat, dung. After segregation, the samples were dried
for about 7 to 10 days until there was no trace of moisture. The samples thereafter were
cut into tiny bits and dried once again to ensure further removal of water in the samples.
A high-speed grinder was used to grind the samples. After grinding, the samples were
further refined by passing it through a 1-mm sieve. The fine powered sample obtained
was used for the chemical analysis.
Calorific value
The samples were combusted in a Bomb calorimeter to ascertain the calorific value. A
pellet of the sample (0.8 to 0.9 g) is introduced into a crucible that is placed in a metallic
ring. The crucible is placed in such a way that a thread suspended by nichrome wire is
placed over the pellet in the crucible; the thread acts as a fuse for the detonation process.
This complete set-up is placed into the bomb. Pure oxygen is introduced into the bomb
till the gas pressure attained is 28 kg/cm2 or 400 lb/sq.inch. The bomb is placed into the
bomb calorimeter and the electrical circuit is completed resulting in the combustion of
the sample. A digital system that enables firing as well as recording the initial and the final
temperature, is part of the equipment. The calorific value is determined by the following
equation mentioned below
W = HM + E1 + E2
T
162
Where,
W = Energy equivalent or calories per degree centigrade
H = Heat of combustion, in calories per gram
M = Mass of the sample, in gram
T = Corrected temperature rise, ºC
E1 = Correction for heat formation, in calories
E2 = Correction of heat of combustion of firing wire, in calories
Carbon/Nitrogen ratio
Method – 1
Carbon – Nitrogen Estimation
A known quantity of the sample weighing 8.0 to 10.0 mg was introduced into Vario
Elementa – III analyzer used for the analysis of carbon and nitrogen in the samples. The
sample is combusted higher than 850ºC and the combustion gas emitted are absorbed in
different media. The absorption process is followed by desorption process of each media
individually. The desorbed gases are analyzed using a thermal conductivity detector. On
the basis of the gas analyzed, the percentage of carbon and nitrogen is determined in %
mass.
Method – 2
(a) Nitrogen Estimation

Nitrogen was estimated using a Hach Digesdahl, a highly sensitive and state-of-the art
instrument. A sample weighing 0.25 g was introduced into the digestion flask along with
4 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (specific gravity of 1.84). The flask was placed in an
in-built heater pre-set at 440°C. A fractionating column was fit into the flask and over
the column was a vent trap that removed fumes emanating during the reaction. The vent
trap is attached with a pipe to water tap; the tap water serves two functions; it absorbs
the gases liberated in the chemical process and also functions as an aspirator providing
vacuum that enables the reaction to proceed efficiently. The flask is kept for 4 minutes at
440°C thereafter 10 ml of 50% hydrogen peroxide is introduced into the flask through the
capillary funnel. After 8 minutes the flask is removed from the heater and the contents
shifted into a tube. The content is made into 50 ml and is colorimetrically analyzed.
Colorimetric analysis of nitrogen

To 50 ml of the sample, 2 ml Nesslers reagent is added and left undisturbed for 10 minutes.
The optical density (OD) of the sample was compared with the standard calibration curve
using a Spectrophotmeter with a wavelength of 415 nm
(b) Analysis of Carbon
A known weight of the sample was introduced in a 500 ml conical flask. To this, added
10 ml Potassium dichromate solution (1N) and gradually added 20 ml concentrated
sulfuric acid. The is left undisturbed for 30 minutes, thereafter 200 ml distilled water, 10 ml
concentrated ortho phosphoric acid and 1 ml diphenylamine indicator is introduced into
the flask. The contents are titrated against ferrous ammonuim sulphate solution (0.5N). At
the end point, dull green color gets changed through turbid blue to brilliant green.
163
Calculation:
Carbon % = 6.791 [ 1-V1/ V2]
X x 1.724
X = weight of sample in gram

V1 = volume (ml) of titrant used against the sample
V2 = volume (ml) of titrant used against distilled water
164
ANNEXURE VII
Quality of Water in public surface water bodies as per CPCB Guidelines for Water
Quality Management, 2008
165
ANNEXURE VIII
Faecal Sludge and Sanitation Management approach for cities and towns
166
ANNEXURE IX
Details of existing STPs in the state
No. Location Existing Capacity Operational Compliance Status of STP
STP Being Status of STP
Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
1. Jagaddal Bhatpara 31.00 24.10 Fully Operation and maintenance started
New operational
2 Shyamnagar 10.00
3 Jagaddal Bhatpara 9.50
old
4 Kankinara STP, 10.00
Madrail, Bhatpara
5 STP Kalyani-I 11.00 19.00
6 STP Kalyani-II 10.00
7 Gayeshpur 8.33 3.20
8 Baidyabati 6.00 5.00 Partially Due to some technical issue existing
operational tender had been cancelled and new
STPs tender has been invited. Last date of
bid submission on 02.11.2020
9 Bhadreswar 7.60 5.50 Due to some technical issue existing
tender had been cancelled and new
tender has been invited. Last date of
10 Chandannagar, 18.16 14.50 Partially functional.
Khalisani, LOI for renovation work of the existing
Chinsurah- Hooghly STP to make it fully functional has been
11 Chandannagar, 4.50 4.00 issued on 22 / 06 / 2020. Accordingly
Khalisani, work order has been issued on
Chinsurah- Hooghly 30.06.2020.
Survey work started and work will be
takenup very soon. Site clearance is
going on.
12 Bansberia 0.30 0.30 Partially Partially functional.
Operational LOI for Renovation work of the existing
STPs STP to make it fully functional has been
issued on 22 / 06 / 2020. Accordingly
work order has been issued on
30.06.2020.
Survey work started and work will be
taken up very soon. Site clearance is
going on.
13 Konnagar 22.00 12.00 Due to some technical issue existing
Tender has been invited. Last date of
bid submission on 02.11.2020.
167

Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
14 Naihati 11.56 7.00 Partially functional and presently
undergoing renovation to make it fully
functional.
Overall Physical Progress as on
30.09.2020 is: 10%
Repairing & renovation of STP-12%
Repairing & renovation of MPS (2nos.)
and LS (1 no.)-10%
Cleaning, repairing & renovation of
network- 10%
Repairing & renovation of diversion
structure-2%.
The work was disrupted during the
Nationwide lock down for nearly 3
months and has just recommenced.
15 Titagarh 4.50 4.0 Partially Partially functional and presently
16 Titagarh 4.50 4.5 Operational undergoing renovation to make it fully
STPs functional.
Overall physical progress as on
30.09.2020 is : 58% comprising
Repairing & renovation of MPS (1 no.)
and LS (3 nos.)-35%
network- 10%
Repairing & renovation of Diversion
structure-50%
17 Bandipur 14 __ Non-functional Non-functional and presently
(Khardaha) STPs but under undergoing renovation to make it fully
Renovation functional.
30.09.2020 : 25% comprising
Repairing & renovation of MPS (1
no.)-10%
network- 40%
18 Champadani 1.00 __ Due to some technical issue existing
Tender has been invited. Last date of
168

Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
19 Garulia 7.90 __ Non-functional and presently
functional.
30.09.2020 : 29% comprising
Repairing & renovation of MPS (1nos)
and LS (1 no.)-15%
Repairing & renovation of network-
30%
structure-2%
20 Naihati 6.50 __ Non-functional and presently
functional.
30.09.2020 : 20% comprising
Repairing & renovation of MPS (2nos)-
20%
15%
structure-2%
21 Panihati 12.00 __ Non-functional and presently
functional.
31.08.2020: 8% comprising
Repairing & renovation of MPS (1nos)
and LS (3no.)-10%
10%
22 Serampore 18.60 __ Due to some technical issue existing
tender has been invited. Last date of
bid submission on 2.11.2020.
169

Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
23 Balli (Kona)- 62.00 __ Non- Concession Agreement Signed on
Kona, Chakpara Operational 5th June 2019 between KMDA, NMCG
(Anandanagar gram and the Concessionaire and the work
Panchayet) will be started after Financial Closure
by the Concessionaire which is in
progress, under supervision of NMCG.
The work comprising of
1. Submitted 136 nos. drawing out of
269.
2. Contour survey completed
3. Soil investigation completed.
4. 7 nos LS & MPS survey completed
out of 7 nos.
24 Howrah-Arupara 65.00 __ Concessionaire Agreement Signed on
5th June 2019 between KMDA, NMCG
and the Concessionaire and the work
will be started after Financial Closure
by the Concessionaire which is in
IFC has already secured internal
clearance to move forward and their
Board approval is in process. The time
schedule will be circulated by them
for this within next few days
272.
3. Test pile completed.
4. 5 nos. LS & MPS survey completed
out of 5 nos.
5. Test pile had been done.
25 Kamarhati 60.00 __ Concessionaire Agreement Signed on
- Baranagar 5th June 2019 between KMDA, NMCG
-Kamarhati, Mathkol, and the Concessionaire and the work
near Belgachia will be started after Financial Closure
Metro Car Shed by the Concessionaire which is in
282.
3. Soil Investigation completed
4. Test pile completed.
5. 1 no. LS & MPS survey completed out
of 1 no.
6. Test pile had been done.
26. Bangur 52 50 Operational Partially complied
27. Garden Reach 57 94 Operational Partially complied
28. Keorapukur 45 80 Operational Partially complied
170
Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
29. Baghajatin 15 95 Operational Partially complied
as oxidation
pond
30. Hatisur 10 80 Operational Partially complied
31. Durgapur Municipal 1 1 Operational
Corporation
32. Durgapur Steel 6 6 Operational
Plant
33. Durgapur Project 5 5 Operational
Limited
34. ACC Babcock 0.5 0.5 Operational
Limited
35. Damodar Valley 1.32 1.32 Operational
Corporation
36. Nabadwip 10 6.72 Operational Partially Complied
Municipality, Nadia
37. Katwa Municipality, 4.36 2.36 Operational Partially Complied
Purba Burdwan
38. Diamond Harbour 2.03 0.2 Operational Partially Complied
Municipality
39. Murshidabad 1.96 0.237 Operational Partially Complied
Municipality
40. Berhampore 3.7 - Non- Not applicable
Murshidabad Operational
171
Capacity Utilized
(MLD) (MLD)
41. Jiagunj Azimgunj 1.39 Partially
Functional
This STP was
earlier under
supervision
of PHE, now
it has come
under the
jurisdiction of
MED. A joint
inspection has
been done
by MED and
municipality
to ascertain
the present
status and
nature of work
required for
making it fully
functional.
This issue is
under active
consideration
of the
Department
and DPR will
be finalized
shortly.
42 Mahananda Left 15 - Non- DPR submitted for Civil and Electrical
Bank, Siliguri Operational to KMDA for vetting
43 Jorapani & Fuleswari 24 - Non- DPR submitted for Civil and Electrical
River, Siliguri Operational to KMDA for vetting
172
ANNEXURE X
Details of under construction STPs in West Bengal
No. Location Capacity Physical Progress in % Status of I&D or House sewer Completion
of the connections Timeline
plant in
MLD
1. Joka 45 Physical progress: 9% Trunk sewers are being laid. March 2022
Piling work under progress
2. M.G. Road 40 Physical progress: 12% Trunk sewers are being laid. March 2022
Land development, chlo-
rination building & bound-
ary wall under progress.
3. Budge-Budge 9.33 Overall physical progress Work has not yet started. Nec- December, 2020
achived as on 30.09.2020 essary approval from finance
is 93.8%. department, GoWB is in process
1. Total work done for for house sewer connection.
HDPE pipeline: 12 M.
2. Total work done for Jack
pushing : 100 M
3. HDD : 130 M
4. Barrackpore 18.00 Overall physical progress Work has not yet started. Nec- December, 2020
Work for D.G, Panel, Dif- for house sewer connection.
fuser, Blower charging is
under progress to synchro-
nize the system.
5. Barrackpore 6.00 Overall physical progress Work has not yet started. Nec- December, 2020
Trial run started with D.G. for house sewer connection.
6. Halisahar 16.00 Overall physical progress Work has not yet started. Nec- May, 2021
achived as on 30.09.2020 is essary approval from finance
94.50%. department, GoWB is in process
1. For STP work : 0.50 % for house sewer connection.
2.Laying of Network :
0.05%
7. Kanchrapara 18.00 Overall physical progress Execution of I&D structure is November, 2021
achieved as on 30.09.2020 under progress and there no pro-
is 16%. vision of house sewer connection
1. Construction of STP-10% in the scope of the work
8. New Town, Ra- 24 98% There is a community sewage Completed but
jarhat Action Commission awaited after system which is supposed to not commis-
Area-IIIE 3rd party inspection. transport the sewage to the plant. sioned
9. Tarapith 4.25 20% Community sewage system imple- May 2021
mentation (Institutional Connec-
tion) almost 90% complete
10. Ghusighata 170 0% NA PHED has taken
up survey work
& preparation of
DPR.
173
ANNEXURE XI
Details of proposed STPs in West Bengal
Status of Project (at DPR Stage
Capacity of the STP Likely Date of
No. Location / Under Tendering / Work to be
proposed in MLD Completion
Awarded)
1. Wireless Park 15.3 Tender process ongoing under Tolly’s 30month for from
2. Sukhapukur 5.06 Nullah Project. Tender opening date of contract
extended till 30 / 10 / 2020 agreement.
3. Birji Road 5.7
4. L.S.10 16 Proposed under Municipal Waste 52 months from the
5. Dhankheti Nikashi 25 Water Project Budgetary estimate is date of issuance of
of about Rs. 1211.61 Crore. Draft DPR work order.
6. Bhanga Khal, 35
submitted to NMCG for approval on
Garden Reach
30.03.2019.
7. Rania 23 Under tendering February 2023
8. Borough-XII 70 To be finalized based on Not yet finalized.
implementation of future loan or from
own resources of KMC.
9. Sreenathpur 4 Under Tendering December, 2022
10. Chaitanyaghat 5.2
11. Silver Jubliee Road 2.6
12. Maheshtala 35.00 24 months from
Financial closure
13. Hooghly-Chinsurah 26.50 DPR Stage July, 2020
14. North-Barracpore 11.25 July, 2020

15. North-Barracpore 6.5
16. Dhuliyan 5.68 No Participants found in first call
in DPR Preparation work. 2nd Call
uploaded on 02.09.2020, opening 07
/ 10 / 2020.
Timeline for Preparation of DPR-
February-2021
17. Kalna 2.99 2nd call invited on 29 / 09 / 2020,
Opening- 10 / 11 / 2020.
February-2021
18. Santipur 16.60 Technical Bid opened on 10.08.2020
and sent to Quotation Inviting
Committee (ACE(S), M.E.Dte.). No
Valid Document found and hence
Re-Tender may be invited by SE(East
Circle)
February-2021
174
Status of Project (at DPR Stage

Capacity of the STP Likely Date of
No. Location / Under Tendering / Work to be
proposed in MLD Completion
Awarded)
19. Chakdah 5.06 Technical Bid opened on 10.08.2020
and sent to
Quotation Inviting Committee
(ACE(S), M.E.Dte.). No Valid
Document found and hence Re-
Tender may be invited by SE(East
Circle)
February-2021
20. Haldia 24.29 Tender Invited on 12.08.2020.Less
than 3 bidders in 1st call, 2nd call
invited on 29.09.2020.
February-2021
21. Raiganj 10.52 No Participants found in first call
in DPR Preparation work. 2nd Call
uploaded on 02.09.2020, opening 07
/ 10 / 2020.
February-2021
175
ANNEXURE XII
Level of Noise Pollution as prescribed in the Noise Pollution (Regulation and
Control) Rules, 2000
176
ANNEXURE XIII
District Environment Plan
Hon’ble NGT vide order dated 26/09/2019 in the matter of OA 360 of 2018
Introduction
Hon’ble National Green Tribunal vide order dated 26/09/2019 in O.A. No. 360 of 2018 filed
by Shree Nath Sharma Vs Union of India and Others directed that CPCB shall facilitate the
District Magistrates in preparation of District Environmental Plan by placing Model plan
on its website. This model plan may be adopted as per local requirements by all Districts
under supervision of District Magistrate.
The said Order also directs that Department of Environment in respective States / UTs
should collect district plans to prepare State Environment Plan, which shall be monitored
by respective Chief Secretaries of State/UT by 15/12/2019.
Based on State Environmental plans, CPCB and Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate
Change shall prepare National Environmental Plan, under the supervision of Secretary,
MoEF&CC and Chairman, CPCB by 31/01/2020. The National Action Plan needs to be
submitted before Hon’ble NGT 15/02/2020.
In compliance to above directions, CPCB has prepared a model District Environment Plan
(DEP) that covers following thematic areas;
0.1 Waste Management Plan 1

(i) Solid Waste Management Plan (for each ULB) 1
(ii) Plastic Waste Management (for each ULB) 3
(iii) C&D Waste Management 4
(iv) Biomedical Waste Management (for each ULB) 5
(v) Hazardous Waste Management 6
(vi) E-Waste Waste Management 7
2.0 Water Quality Management Plan 8
3.0 Domestic Sewage Management Plan 10
4.0 Industrial Wastewater Management Plan 11
5.0 Air Quality Management Plan 12
6.0 Mining Activity Management plan 13
7.0 Noise Pollution Management Plan 14
Above model DEP is available at CPCB website – https://www.cpcb.nic.in. The model

DEP covers 7 thematic areas by capturing basic information on 64 action areas through
177
about 220 data points, which are essential part of District Environment Plan. The office of
District Magistrate may use the template of action points and indicative data requirements
given in this Model document for preparing Environment Management Plan. Information
pertaining to data points may be collected from respective agencies in the District.
District Magistrates may initiate data acquisition from concerned local agencies and use
the excel file ‘OA 360 NGT District Environment Plan.xlsx’ given at website for data entry,
additional entries may be made in excel sheet as per local requirement. Information
received from Districts may be used by State Department of Environment to develop
appropriate State Environment Plan.
178
The proposed District Environmental Management Plan for 7
thematic areas
1.0 Waste Management Plan
(i) Solid Waste Management Plan (for each ULB)

No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome
Name of ULB [name of ULB]
No of ULBs in the [Nos]

District
Population [Nos as per 2011 census]
SW1 Report on inventory of total

solid waste
Generation
SW1a Total solid waste Generation [in MT/Day] or [Not estimated]
SW1b Qty. of Dry Waste segregated [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not

initiated]
SW1c Qty. of Wet Waste segregated [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not
initiated]
SW1d Qty. of C&D Waste segregated [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not
initiated]
SW1e Qty. of Street Sweeping [in MT/Day] or [Not estimated]
SW1f Qty. of Drain Silt [in MT/Day] or [Not estimated]
SW1g Qty. of Domestic Hazardous [in MT/Day] or [No Facility]

Waste(DHW) collected
SW1h Qty. of Other Waste (Horticulture, [in MT/Day] or [Qty not
sanitary waste, etc.) estimated]
SW1i No of Old dump sites [Nos] or [None]
SW1j Qty stored in dumpsites [MT] or [Not estimated]
SW1k No of Sanitary landfills [Nos] or [None]
SW1l No of wards [nos]
SW2 Compliance by Bulk

Waste Generators
SW2a No of BW Generators [numbers] or [inventory not
done]
SW2b No of on-site facilities for Wet [numbers] or [No data]
Waste
SW3 Compliance in segregated
waste Collection SW
Collection (MT Per day)
SW3a Total generation [Automatic] from SW1a
SW3b Wet Waste [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not

initiated]
SW3c Dry Waste [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not
initiated]
SW3d C&D Waste [in MT/Day] or [Collection Not
initiated]
179
SW4 Waste Management

Operations
SW4a Door to Door Collection [100%] / [partial %] / [not
initiated]
SW4b Mechanical Road Sweeping [100%] / [partial%] / [not
initiated]
SW4c Manual Sweeping [100%] / [partial%]
SW4d Segregated Waste Transport [100%] / [partial %] / [not

initiated]
SW4e Digesters (Bio-methanation) [% of WW] / [not initiated]
SW4f Composting operation [% of WW] / [not initiated]
SW4g MRF Operation [MRF used] / [not installed]
SW4h Use of Saniatry Landfill [% of SW collected] / [no SLF]
SW4i Reclamation of old dumpsites [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW4j Linkage with Waste to Energy [initiated] / [not initiated]

Boilers / Cement Plants
SW4k Linkage with Recyclers [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW4l Authorization of waste pickers [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW4m Linkage with TSDF / CBMWTF [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW4n Involvement of NGOs [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW4o Linkage with Producers / Brand [initiated] / [not initiated]

Owners
SW4p Authorisation of Waste Pickers
SW4q Issuance of ID Cards [initiated] / [not initiated]
SW5 Adequacy of of
Infrastructure
SW5a Waste Collection Trolleys [Nos. Required] / [Nos.
Available]
SW5b Mini Collection Trucks [Nos. Required] / [Nos.
Available]
SW5c Segregated Transport [yes] / [no] / [% area covered]
SW5d Bulk Waste Trucks [Nos. Required] / [Nos.

Available]
SW5e Waste Transfer points [Nos. Required] / [Nos.
Available] /[Not available]
SW5f Bio-methanation units [Nos. Required] / [Nos.
Available]
SW5h Composting units [Nos. Required] / [Nos.
Available]
180
SW5i Material Recovery Facilities [used or installed] / [not

available]
SW5k Waste to Energy (if applicable) [Required] / [Nos. Available]
SW5l Waste to RDF [Required] / [Nos. Available]
SW5m Sanitary Land fills [Nos] / [Nos. Available]
SW5n Capacity of sanitary landfills [MT] / / [Nos. Available]
SW5o Waste Deposit Centers (DHW) [Nos] / [Nos. Available]
SW5p Other facilities [give or select from list]
SW6 Notification and

Implementation of
By-La
SW6a Notification of By-laws [done] / [in progress] / [not
initiated]
SW6b Implementation of by-laws [done] / [in progress] / [not
initiated]
SW7 Adequacy of Finan-
cial
Status of ULB
SW7a CAPEX Required [INR] / [Not required]
SW7b OPEX [INR per Year] / [% of

requirement]
SW7c Adequacy of OPEX [Yes] / [No]
(ii) Plastic Waste Management (for each ULB)

PW1 Inventory of plastic

waste generation
PW1a Estimated Quantity of plastic [MT/day] / [Not Estimated]
waste generated in District
PW2 Implementation of
Collection
PW2a Door to Door collection [100%] / [partial %] / [not initiated]
PW2b Segregated Waste collection [100%] / [partial %]
PW2c Plastic waste collection at [MRF used] / [not installed]

Material Recovery Facility
PW2d Authorization of PW pickers [Nos] / [not initiated]
PW2e PW collection Centers [Nos] / [not established]
PW3 Establishment of
linkage with
Stakeholders
181
PW3a Established linkage with PROs of [Nos] / [not established]

Producers
PW3b Established linkage with NGOs [Nos] / [not established]
PW4 Availability of
facilities for
Recycling or
utilization of PW
PW4a No. of PW recyclers [Nos]
PW4b No Manufacturers [Nos]
PW4c No of pyrolysis oil plants [Nos]
PW4d Plastic pyrolysis [Quantity in MT sent per Month]
PW4e Use in road making [Quantity MT used per Month]
PW4f Co-processing in Cement Kiln [Quantity in MT sent per Month]
W5 Implementation
of PW
Management
Rules, 2016
W5a Sealing of units producing < 50- [All sealed] / [Partial] / [no action]
micron plastic
PW5b Prohibiting sale of carry bags < 50 [Prohibited] / [Partial] / [no action]
micron
PW5c Ban on Carry bags and other single use [Implemented] / [Partial] /
plastics as notified by State [no action] / [No Ban]
Government
PW6 Implemen-
tation of
Extended
Producers
Responsi-
bility (EPR)
through
Producers/
Brand-
owners
PW6a No of Producers associated with [Nos] / [None]
ULBs
PW6b Financial support by Producers / [Nos] / [None]
Brand owners to ULBs
PW6c Amount of PRO Support [Rs…]
PW6d Infrastructure support by [Nos of Producers] / [None]

Producers / Brand owners to ULBs
PW6e No of collection centers established by [Nos] / [None]
Producers / Brand
owners to ULBs
182
(iii) C&D Waste Management
No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome
Requirement
CD1 Inventory of C&D waste

generation
CD1a Estimated Quantity [Kg/Day] / [Not estimated]
CD2 Implement scheme for

permitting bulk waste
generators
CD2a Issuance of Permissions [Initiated] / [Not initiated]

by ULBs
CD3 Establishment of C&D Waste
Deposition centers
CD3a Establishment of [Yes] / [No]
Deposition Points
CD3b C&D Deposition point [Yes] / [No]
identified
CD4 Implementation of By- Laws
for CD Waste Management
CD4a Implementation of By-laws [notified] / [not notified]
CD4b Collection of Deposition / [Initiated] / [Not initiated]

disposal Charges
CD5 Establishment of C&D Waste
recycling plant or
linkage with such facility
CD5a Establishment CD Waste [Established] / [Sent to shared
Recycling Plant Facility] / [No facility exists]
CD5b Capacity of CD Waste [MT/Day] / [Not available]
Recycling Plant
(iv) Biomedical Waste Management (for each ULB)

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome
Requirement
BMW1 Inventory of Biomedical

Waste Generation
BMW1a Total no. of Bedded Hospitals [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1b Total no. of non-bedded HCF [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1c Total no. Clinics [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1d No of Veterinary Hospitals [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1e Pathlabs [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1f Dental Clinics [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1g Blood Banks [Nos] / [No inventory]
183
BMW1h Animal Houses [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1i Bio-research Labs [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW1j Others [Nos] / [No inventory]
BMW2 Authorization of HCFs

by SPCBs / PCCs
BMW2a Bedded HCFs [Nos Authorized]
BMW2b Non-bedded HCFs [Nos Authorized]
BMW3a Biomedical Waste Treatment

and Disposal
Facilities (CBMWTFs)
BMW3a No of CBMWTFs [Nos] / None
BMW3b Linkage with CBMWTFs [Yes] / [no linkage]
BMW3c Capacity of CBMWTFs [Adequate] / [Not adequate]
BMW3d Requirements of CBMWTFs [Require] / [not required]
BMW3e Captive Disposal Facilities of HCFs [Nos] / [None]
BMW4 Compliance by CBMWTFs
BMW4a Compliance to standards [Meeting] / [Not meeting] / [NA]
BMW4b Barcode tracking by HCFs / [100%] / [Partly %] / [None]

CBMWTFs
BMW4c Daily BMW lifting by CBMWTFs [Kg / day]
BMW5 Status of Compliance by

Healthcare Facilities
BMW5a Pre-segregation [100%] / [partly %] / [None]
BMW5b Linkage with CBMWTFs [100%] / [partly %] / [None]
(v) Hazardous Waste Management

HW1 Inventory of Hazardous

Waste
HW1a No of HW Generating Industry [Nos.]
HW1b Quantity of HW [MT/Annum]
HW1c Quantity of Incinierable HW [MT/Annum]
HW1d Quantity of land-fillable HW [MT/Annum]
HW1e Quantity of Recyclable / utilizable [MT/Annum]

HW
HW2 Contaminated Sites and illegal
industrial hazardous waste
dumpsites
184
HW2a No of HW dumpsites [Nos] / [None]
HW2c Probable Contaminated Sites [Nos] (provide list)
HW3 Authorization by
SPCBs/PCCs
HW3a No of industries authorized [Nos]
HW3b Display Board of HW Generation [Nos]

in front of Gate
HW3 Availability of Common
Hazardous Waste TSDF
HW3a Common TSDF [Exists] / [No] / [Sent to
Other
District within State]
HW3b Industries linkage with TSDF [Nos.]
HW4 Linkage of ULBs in

District with Common
TSDF
HW4a ULBs linked to Common TSDFs for [Yes] / [No]
Domestic Hazardous Waste
(vi) E-Waste Waste Management

EW1 Status of facilitating

authorized collection of
E-Waste
EW1a Does the citizen are able to [Yes] / [No]
deposit or provide E-Waste
through Toll-free Numbers in the
District
EW1c Collection centers established by [Nos] / [None]
ULB in District
EW1d Collection centers established by [Nos] / [None]
Producers or their PROs in the
District
EW1e Does the district has linkage with
authorized E-Waste recyclers / [Yes] / [No]
Dismantler
EW1f No authorized E-Waste recyclers [Nos] / [None]
/Dismantler
EW2 Status of Collection of E-
Waste
EW2a Authorizing E-Waste collectors [Authorized] / [None]
EW2b Involvement of NGOs [Yes] / [No] / [Nos]
EW2c Does Producers have approached [Yes] / [No] /[Nos]

NGOs/ Informal Sector for setting
up Collection Centers.
185
EW2d Does ULBs have linkage with authorized [Yes] / [No]

Recyclers / Dismantlers
EW4 Control E-Waste related
pollution
EW4a Does informal trading, dismantling, and [Yes] / [No]
recycling of e-waste exists in District
EW4b Does the administration closed illegal [Yes] / [No] / [Nos]
E-Waste recycling in the District
EW4c No of actions taken to close illegal [Nos]
trading or processing of E-Waste
EW5 Creation of Awareness on
Waste handling and dispo
EW5a Does PROs / Producers conducted any [Yes] / [No] / [Nos]
District level Awareness Campaigns
EW5c Does District Administration conducted [Yes] / [No] / [Nos]
any District level Awareness Campaigns
2.0 Water Quality Management Plan

WQ1 Inventory of water

resources in District
WQ1a Rivers [Nos] and [Length in Km]
WQ1b Length of Coastline [in Km]
WQ1c Nalas/Drains meeting Rivers [Nos]
WQ1d Lakes / Ponds [Nos] and [Area in Hectares]
WQ1e Total Quantity of sewage and [Automatic] (SW1a+IW1b)

industrial discharge in District
Control of Groundwater
Water Quality
WQ2a Estimated number of bore-wells [Nos]
WQ2b No of permissions given for [Nos]

extraction of groundwater
WQ2c Number of groundwater polluted [Nos]
areas
WQ2d Groundwater Availability [adequate] / [not adequate]
WQ3 Availability of Water

Quality Data
WQ3a Creation of monitoring cell [Yes] / [No]
186
WQ3b Access to Surface water and [Available] or [Not available]

groundwater quality data at DM
office
WQ4 Control of River side
Activities
WQ4a Control of River side River Side open defecation [Fully Controlled] / [Partly
Activities controlled] /[no Measures
taken]
WQ4b Dumping of SW on river banks [Fully Controlled] / [Partly
controlled] /[no Measures
taken]
WQ4c Control measures for idol [Measures taken] / [Measures
immersion taken post immersion] / [No
Measures taken]
WQ5 Control of Water
Pollution in Rivers
WQ5a Percentage of untreated sewage [%] (automatic SM1g/SM1a)
WQ5b Monitoring of Action Plans for [Monitored] / [Not monitored]

Rejuvenation of Rivers [not applicable]
WQ5c No of directions given to [Nos]
industries for Discharge of
Untreated industrial wastewater
in last 12 months
WQ6 Awareness Activities
WQ6a District level campaigns on [Nos in previous year]

protection of water quality
WQ6b Oil Spill Disaster
Contingency Plan
WQ6a Creation of District Oil Spill Crisis [Created] / [Not Created]
Management Group
WQ6b Preparation District Oil Spill [Prepared] / [Not Prepared]
Disaster Contingency Plan
WQ7 Protection of Flood
plains
WQ7a Encroachment of flood plains is [Yes] / [No]
regulated.
Rainwater Harvesting
WQ8a Action plan for Rain water [Implemented] / [Not

harvesting implemented]
187
3.0 Domestic Sewage Management Plan

SM1 Inventory of Sewage

Management
SM1a Total Quantity of Sewage generated in
District from Class II cities and above [MLD]
SM1b No of Class-II towns and above [Nos]
SM1c No of Class-I towns and above [Nos]
SM1d No of Towns needing STPs [Nos]
SM1e No of Towns STPs installed [Nos]
SM1f Quantity of treated sewage flowing into

Rivers (directly or indirectly) [MLD]
SM1g Quantity of untreated or partially treated
sewage (directly or indirectly) [Automatic]
SM1h Quantity of sewage flowing into lakes [MLD]
SM1i No of industrial townships [Nos]
SW2 Adequacy of Available

Infrastructure for
Sewage Treatment
SM2a % sewage treated in STPs [Automatic]
SM2b Total available Treatment Capacity [MLD]
SM2c Additional treatment capacity required [MLD]
SM3 Adequacy of Sewerage

Network
SM3a No of ULBs having partial underground [Nos]
sewerage network
SM3b No of towns not having sewerage network [Nos]
SM3c % population covered under sewerage [Automatic]

network
188
4.0 Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

IWW1 Inventory of industrial

wastewater Generation
in District
IWW1a No of Industries discharging [Nos]
wastewater
IWW1b Total Quantity of industrial [MLD]
wastewater generated
IWW1c Quantity of treated IWW [MLD]
discharged into Nalas / Rivers
IWW1d Quantity of un-treated [MLD]
or partially treated IWW
discharged into lakes
IWW1e Prominent Type of Industries [Agro based] / [ Chemical
– Dye etc.] / [Metallurgical]
/ [Pharma] / [Pesticide] /
[Power Plants] / [Mining]
/ [Automobile] : Multiple
selection based on size of
operation and number
IWW1f Common Effluent Treatment [Nos] / [No CETPs]
Facilities
IWW2 Status of compliance by
Industries in treating
wastewater
IWW2a No of Industries meeting [Nos]
Standards
IWW2b No of Industries not meeting [Automatic]
discharge Standards
IWW2c No of complaints received or [Nos]
number of recurring complaints
against industrial pollution in
last 3 months
AWW4 Status of Action taken
for not meeting
discharge standards
IWW4a No industries closed for [Nos]
exceeding standards in last 3
months
IWW4b No of industries where [Nos]
Environmental Compensation
was imposed By SPCBs
189
5.0 Air Quality Management Plan

AQ1 Availability of Air

Quality Monitoring
Network in District
AQ1a Manual Air Quality monitoring stations [Nos] / [None]
of SPCBs /CPCB
AQ1c Automatic monitoring stations [Nos] / [None]
Operated by SPCBs / CPCB
AQ2 Inventory of Air
Pollution Sources
AQ2a Identification of prominent air polluting [Large Industry] / [Small Industry]
sources / [Unpaved Roads] / [Burning of
Waste Stubble] / [Brick Kiln] /
[Industrial
Estate] / [Others] (Multiple selec-
tion)
AQ2b No of Non-Attainment Cities [Nos / [None]
AQ2c Action Plans for non-attainment [Prepared] / [Not yet prepared]

cities
AQ3 Availability of Air Quality
Monitoring Data
at DMs Office
AQ3a Access to air quality data from [Available] / [Not yet Available]
SPCBs & CPCB through Dashboard
AQ4 Control of Industrial Air
Pollution
AQ4a No of Industries meeting [Nos]
Standards
AQ4b No of Industries not meeting [Nos]
discharge Standards
AQ5 Control of Non-
industrial Air Pollution
sources
AQ5a Control open burning of Stubble – [Nos of fire incidents]
during winter
AQ5b Control Open burning of Waste – [Nos]
Nos of actions Taken
AQ5c Control of forest fires [SOP available] / [No SoP]
AQ5d Vehicle pollution check centers [% ULBs covered]
AQ5e Dust Suppression Vehicles [% ULBs covered]
AQ6 Development of Air

Pollution complaint
redressal system
AQ6a Mobile App / Online based air pollution [Available] / [Not available]
complaint redressing
system of SPCBs.
190
6.0 Mining Activity Management plan

MI1a Inventory of Mining in

District
MI1a Type of Mining Activity [Sand Mining] / [Iron Ore]
/ [Bauxite] / [Coal] / Other
[specify]
Multiple selection in order
of magnitude of operations
MI1b No of Mining licenses given in the [Nos]
District
MI1c Area covered under mining [Sq Km]
MI1d Area of District [Sq Km]
MI1e Sand Mining [Yes] / [No]
MI1f Area of sand Mining [River bed] / [Estuary] /

[Non - river deposit]
MI2 Compliance to
Environmental
Conditions
MI2a No of Mining areas meeting [Nos]
Environmental Clearance
Conditions
MI2b No of Mining areas meeting [Nos]
Consent Conditions of SPCBs /
PCCs
MI3a Mining related
environmental
Complaints
MI3b No of pollution related complaints [Nos]
against Mining Operations in last
1 year
MI4 Action against non-
complying mining
activity
MI4a No of Mining operations [Nos]
suspended for violations to
environmental norms
MI4b No od directions issued by SPCBs [Nos]
191
7.0 Noise Pollution Management Plan

NP1 Availability Monitoring

equipment
NP1a No. of noise measuring devices with [Nos] / [None]
district administration
NP1b No. of noise measuring devices with [Nos] / [None]
SPCBs
NP2 Capability to conduct noise
level monitoring by State
agency / District authorities
NP2a capability to conduct noise level [Available] / [Not available]
monitoring by State agency / District
authorities
NP2 Management of Noise
related complaints
NP2a No of complaints received on noise
pollution in last 1 year [Nos]
NP2b No of complaints redressed [Nos]
NP3 Compliance to ambient

noise standards
NP3a Implementation of Ambient noise [Regular Activity] / [Occasional]
standards in residential and silent / [Never]
zones
NP3b Noise monitoring study in district [carried out] / [not carried out]
NP3c Sign boards in towns and cities in [Installed] / [Partial] / [Not

silent zones Installed]
***
192
ANNEXURE XIV
Annual report submitted by WBPCB in 2019 as per Form IVA of the Bio-medical Waste Rules 2016
193
194
195

State Environment Plan WB

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State Environment Plan WB

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STATE

Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal

Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal

State Environment Plan: The Mandate 18

PART I: Overview and Analysis 21

Theme 1: Waste Management Plan 23

Theme 2: Water Quality Management Plan 57

Theme 3: Domestic Sewage Management Plan 72

Theme 4: Industrial Wastewater Management 77

Theme 5: Mining Management Plan 83

Theme 6: Air Quality Management 89

Theme 7: Noise Pollution Management 108

1. Waste Management 112

2. Water Quality Management 117

3. Domestic Sewage Management 120

4. Industrial Wastewater Management 123

5. Air Quality Management 125

6. Mining Management 130

7. Noise Pollution Management 132

Annexure III 146

Annexure VII 165

Annexure VIII 166

Annexure XII 176

Annexure XIII 177

Annexure XIV 193

2. Water Quality Management Plan

THEME 1: WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

1.1 Municipal Solid Waste

1.2 Plastic Waste

1.3 Construction and Demolition Waste

1.5 Bio-medical Waste

1.6 Hazardous Waste

THEME 2: WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN

THEME 3: DOMESTIC SEWAGE MANAGEMENT

THEME 4: INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER

THEME 5: MINING MANAGEMENT PLAN

THEME 6: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN

THEME 7: NOISE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

Sector-wise Action Plan for Urban

1. Waste Management plan: summary highlights

Medium-term action (1 year)

• Urban local bodies to make an action plan on waste management.

• Initiate bioremediation of the legacy waste at saturated landfill sites.

2. Water Quality Management Plan: summary

Short to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)

• Mitigate data gaps on water quality and storage.

3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan: summary

Short- to medium-term priority action (6 months to 1 year)

• Mitigate data gaps on sewage and waste water generation.

4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan: summary

• Mitigate data gaps industrial waste water generation etc

5. Air Quality Management Plan: summary highlights

o Identify and implement fugitive emission control measures in ancillary units,

6. Mining Management Plan: summary highlights

• Mitigate data gaps and remove data inconsistencies.

7. Noise Pollution Management Plan: summary

• Mitigate data gaps.

Accordingly, the Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal, has

This SEP is divided into two parts:

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, were

Table 1: Problems and solutions suggested by Ministry of

Table 2: Key parameters/indicators suggested for solid waste

Government of West Bengal (Environment Department) has notified constitution of a

Further, implementation of solid waste management rules and associated monitoring is