Water Purification

Introduction:
Water purification, process by which undesired chemical compounds,
organic and inorganic materials, and biological contaminants are
removed from water. That process also includes distillation (the
conversion of a liquid into vapour to condense it back to liquid form) and
deionization (ion removal through the extraction of dissolved salts). One
major purpose of water purification is to provide clean drinking water.
Water purification also meets the needs of medical, pharmacological,
chemical, and industrial applications for clean and potable water. The
purification procedure reduces the concentration of contaminants such
as suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi.
Water purification takes place on scales from the large (e.g., for an entire
city) to the small (e.g., for individual households).

Methods of Water Purification:

There are several methods used in the water purification process, which
include: (1) physical processes, such as filtration, sedimentation, or
distillation; (2) biological processes, such as sand filters, active carbon;
(3) chemical processes, such as flocculation, chlorination, the use of
ultraviolet light.

UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM

1.WHAT IS UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM AND

HOW DOES IT WORK?
UV Disinfection System is an extremely effective way to combat
microbial contamination in water. However, microbes have to be
exposed to UV-C light in the proper amount in order to effectively
disinfect the water. UV Disinfection Systems are used in many different
applications ranging from the purification of drinking water in individual
homes to disinfecting water supply of entire townships to industrial wash
water treatment. UV treatment for water is recognized as a safer and
more cost-effective way to disinfect water for industrial applications. UV
sanitization is useful in almost any application where microbial free, safe
and pure water is required; and where there is a chance of the water
being contaminated before it reaches the final point of use

2. What Is UV Disinfection System?

In UV water disinfection technology, Ultraviolet light of
wavelength 253.7 nanometres is used for disinfection of bacteria,
viruses, molds, algae, and other microorganisms, which multiply and
grow. UV disinfection technology destroys the DNA of microorganisms
which leaves them dead and unable to grow further. UV disinfection
technology can be used for drinking water disinfection, process water
disinfection, wastewater disinfection, and surface disinfection. Other than
disinfection applications, this technology can also be used for TOC
removal and Ozone destruction. Plus, there is the UV sterilizer for
hospitals, factories and offices.

3. How does UV Disinfection System work?

In the UV water disinfection technology, the UV light disinfects by
penetrating microorganisms and destroying their DNA. DNA plays an
important role in organisms’ functions and reproduction hence destroying
the DNA prevents the organism from being active and multiplying. This
UV energy (wavelength of 240-280 nm) is also naturally found in sunlight
in very small quantities. The same energy is produced in stronger
intensities with the help of high mercury discharge lamps, commonly
known as UV lamps. No bacteria, viruses, molds or their spores can
survive when exposed to the correct dose of UV light. Therefore UV is
considered as the best solution for water sterilization, and for room
sterilization, there is the UV mobile sterilizer machine that can be used.

4. Industrial Application of UV Disinfection

System.
Ultraviolet disinfection system is not simply a lamp inside a pipe. The UV
Reactor must be designed to ensure that all microbes receive sufficient
exposure to the UV light (dose). Based on the hydraulic properties of
water; the reactor needs to be optimized to guide the flow in a manner
so as to maximize residence time and boost turbulence. Well-
designed Industrial UV water disinfection systems are producing
consistently exceptional results in the industrial applications.

Few Examples:
Food and Beverage – UV disinfection system can help to achieve a High-
quality of water as per specifications laid down by the FDA ( Food and
Drug Administration)

Bio- Pharmaceutical – Water used in Pharmaceutical and healthcare

products and for CIP (Cleaning in Place) must be free of chemicals like
chlorine, ozone, and pathogens. Most pharmaceutical companies depend
on UV systems for water disinfection.

Cosmetics – Water that is free of microorganisms and toxins ensure

quality and enhance the shelf life of cosmetics. UV Sterilization is the
preferred choice for the cosmetic industry across the globe.

Centralized Drinking Water – A UV drinking water disinfection system is

an easy, affordable solution to ensure pure water in each and every tap of
your home or office

Waste Water Disinfection and Reuse – To combat the problems of water

scarcity and the rising cost of fresh water, UV Disinfection can help by
treating the wastewater in the tertiary stage. UV systems that are specially
designed for wastewater can thus disinfect wastewater so that the water
can be reused for secondary purposes such as flushing and gardening.

Swimming Pools – Traditionally, chlorine has been in use to ensure clean

water in swimming pools. However, it is increasingly being known that
with chemical disinfection, chemical reacts with many other organic
matters to form hundreds of new chemicals which are harmful. While UV
is recognized as a safer and more cost-effective way to disinfect swimming
pools.

4. Benefits of UV Disinfection System.

Natural – UV is nature’s way of purification.

Environmentally Friendly – No Toxic by-products are formed during the

UV disinfection process

Effective  – All known microorganisms are susceptible to UV light

Economical  – Lowest operating cost amongst disinfection systems

Safe and Chemical Free  – No addition of chemicals hence no danger of

overdosing

Fast – It is In-contact purification therefore Instant

Easy to Manage – Well-designed systems like the Alfa UV systems come

with many advanced features like CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics),
high-efficiency electronic ballasts, and extremely precise UV intensity
monitors which make them highly effective and hence easy to manage.
5. Does UV Disinfection system need periodic
maintenance?

There can be some cases where the water is not adequately pre-
treated and turbidity levels are low.  In such cases, routine inspection
and cleaning can be carried out every 6 months. In the case of high
turbidity and hardness, the cleaning frequency might need to be
increased. Finally, the UV lamp has a limited life and must be replaced
once it is exhausted. In the unlikely event of premature failure of the
lamp, the monitoring circuit will provide the signal to advise replacement.
 Chemistry
Art Integration
[Purification Of
Water]