The FIBONACCI NUMBERS

The GOLDEN RATIO

Golden Spiral
Fibonacci Spiral
Golden Rectangle
Golden Section
Divine Proportion
1.2 The Fibonacci sequence

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5 , 8, 13, 21, . . .
𝐹0 𝐹1 𝐹2

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21 . . .
𝐹1 𝐹2 𝐹3
Plant “Sneezewort” (Achillea Ptarmica) also follows the Fibonacci
numbers
Humans exhibit Fibonacci characteristics.
EX. Every human has two hands, each one of these has five fingers and each finger has three parts which are
separated by two knuckles . All of these numbers fit into the sequence. Moreover the lengths of bones in a hand are
in Fibonacci numbers.

(13) (PDF) The Fibonacci Numbers and Its Amazing Applications.

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330740074_The_Fibonacci_Numbers_and_Its_Amazing_Applica
tions [accessed Aug 09 2020].
The Pascal’s Triangle and the Fibonacci Numbers
Fibonacci sequence: 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 . . .
𝐹1 𝐹2 𝐹3 𝐹4 𝐹5 𝐹6 𝐹7 𝐹8

HOW to obtain the nth Fibonacci number?

▪ 𝑭𝒏 = ? 𝑭𝒏 = 𝑭𝒏−𝟏 + 𝑭𝒏−𝟐
𝒏 𝒏
𝟏+ 𝟓 𝟏− 𝟓
−
𝟐 𝟐
𝑭𝒏 = (Binet’s formula)
𝟓

▪ FIND 𝐹10 and 𝐹25 .

1.3 The Golden Ratio

When we take any two successive Fibonacci numbers,

their ratio is close to the Golden ratio, Φ or 𝝋, which is
approximately equal to 1.618034…

In fact, the bigger the pair of Fibonacci numbers the closer the
approximation.
A B A/B
3 2 1.5
5 3 1.666666 …
8 5 1.6
13 8 1.625
⋮ ⋮ ⋮
233 144 1.618055556 …
377 233 1.618025751 …
⋮ ⋮ ⋮
Golden Ratio, 𝝋

TWO numbers are in a golden ratio IF their ratio is the same as

the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities.

That is, _________:_______ where a > b

a b

𝑎 𝑎+𝑏 𝑏 1
𝜑 = = = 1+ = 1+
𝑏 𝑎 𝑎 𝜑

1
Thus, 𝜑−1= .
𝜑

Or, 1.618034 – 1 = 0.618034

1
= 0.618034
1.618034
The Fibonacci Numbers & The Golden Rectangle

What are these squares ?

Use these squares to draw a Golden Spiral.
The Golden Spiral
The Golden Ratio and the Human Face