Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department

Mr. Christian Paul S. Estrella

Course Instructor
 Objectives
✓ Define what is mathematics
✓ Identify where is mathematics
✓ Finding real life applications of Fibonacci numbers
✓ Express the relation of Fibonacci numbers and Golden Ratio
Core Idea:

“Mathematics is a useful way to

think about nature and our world”
 What is Mathematics?
• Boring • Formal Science
 What is Mathematics?
• Beauty
• Simplicity
• Structure
• Imagination
• Crazy Ideas
The Elephant and the 6 Blind Men
Zookeeper:

“You are all correct. This elephant seems

like something different to each one of you…
Only by sharing what each of you knows can
you possibly reach a true understanding”
 What is Mathematics?
• Unbelievable patterns of numbers
• Language in different form
• Everything that we can perceive

“LANGUAGE THAT WE ALREADY UNDERSTAND”

Where is Mathematics?
Where is Mathematics?
 Fibonacci Number
• Introduce by Leonardo of Pisa in his famous RABBIT PROBLEM
• An example of efficiency in nature
• Whole numbers that express the golden ratio which correspond
to the angle that maximizes the number of items in the smallest
space

1 1 2 3 5 8 13 …
 Fibonacci Spiral
• Geometric application of Fibonacci numbers
 Fibonacci Spiral
• Constructed by placing together rectangles of relative
side lengths equaling Fibonacci numbers
 Fibonacci Spiral
• A spiral can then be drawn starting from the corner of
the first rectangle of side length 1, all the way to the
corner of the rectangle of side length 13
Fibonacci Spiral
Fibonacci Number
 Fibonacci Number

1 1 2 3
 Fibonacci Number

1 1 2 3 5

8 13 21 34 55

89 144 233 377 610

987 1597 2584 4181 6765

 Fibonacci Number

1 1 2 3 5

Rule : the next number is the sum of the two preceding numbers

𝐹𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛−1 + 𝐹𝑛−2
 Fibonacci Number
1 1 2 3 5 8

• Find the ratio of successive Fibonacci numbers:

1 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 2, 5 : 3, 8 : 5, …
1 : 1, 1 : 2, 2 : 3, 3 : 5, 5 : 8, …

• What do you notice?

 2÷1=2
2

5 ÷ 3 = 1.667
1.75 13 ÷ 8 = 1.625 34 ÷ 21 = 1.619

8 ÷ 5 = 1.6 → 1.618
1.5 21 ÷ 13 = 1.615
3 ÷ 2 = 1.5
1.25
1÷1=1
1
1÷1=1
0.75 2 ÷ 3 = 0.667 13 ÷ 21 = 0.619
5 ÷ 8 = 0.625 → 0.618
1 ÷ 2 = 0.5 3 ÷ 5 = 0.6 8 ÷ 13 = 0.615 21 ÷ 34 = 0.617
0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 Golden Ratio
• Special number known as
✓ Golden Section
✓ Golden Mean
✓ Divine Proportion
✓ Greek Letter Phi Φ
 Golden Ratio
• Exist when a line is divided into two parts such that:
“the ratio of the whole line to the longer part is equal to the ratio of the longer part to the shorter part”

𝑎+𝑏 𝑎
= ⇒ Φ =≈ 1.168
𝑎 𝑏

a+b
b a
 Fibonacci Number
𝑛
1
Φ𝑛 −
−Φ
Binet’s Equation : 𝐹𝑛 =
5

𝑛
1+ 5
(Round in whole number) 𝐹𝑛 = 2
5