THE LAW ON OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS REVIEWER

Law in the Non-Legal Sense Sources of Law

 Divine Law – “Philosophical Theology”; Religious Belief  Constitution
 Natural Law – “Metaphysics” - the highest or supreme law of the land
 Moral Law – Ethics; Not Absolute - promulgated by the people
 Physical Law – “Law of Physical Science” - Anything that goes beyond or contrary the constitution is
Law in the Strict Legal Sense null and void
 State Law  Legislation
 Legislative Department (Article 6 of The 1987 Constitution)  Administrative or executive orders, regulations and rulings
- Promulgated and Act the law  Judicial decisions or jurisprudence
- Congress [Lower House – Representatives, District and  Custom
Partylist; Upper House – Senators (24)]  Others [foreign tribunals, opinions of text writers and religion]
- Local Legislative Body [Province – Board Members/ Note:
Sangguniang Panlalawigan; City – Sanguniang o Judge's role is to establish the facts of the case and to apply the
Panlungsod; Municipality; Sangguniang Bayan; Barangay provisions of the applicable code. [iapply yung batas]
– Kagawad]
- Local Executives [Province – Governor; City – Mayor; Classification of Law
Barangay – Kapitan] 1. As to its purpose
 Executive Department (Article 7 of The 1987 Constitution)  Substantive Law
- Execute and Implement Law - Law creating, defining and regulating rights and duties
- President
- Cabinet Members
- Law Enforcement Agencies
- Local Government Units (LGU)
 Judiciary (Article 8 of The 1987 Constitution)
- Supreme Court
- Interpretation of the law in case of actual controversies
Note:
o Ang batas bago maging law ang tawag ay BILL
o Ang batas ay kailangan may concurrence or agreement ng Two
Houses (Lower and Upper House) (The 1987 Constitution)
o After the agreement between two houses, they must present the
Bill to the President
- If the president is in favor of the Bill he/she will sign it.
- If the president is not in favor of the Bill he/ she will veto
or object it. Will return it to the Houses expressing his
objections.
- If the president did not sign nor veto the Bill within 30
days it will automatically considered a State Law.