Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas

in Social Sciences
Quarter 2 – Module 13:
Filipino’s Indigenous Social Ideas
Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 13: Filipino’s Indigenous Social Ideas
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Nicolas T. Capulong PhD, CESO V
Ronilo AJ K. Firmo PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio PhD

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Carrie A. Flores

Editor: Kristle M. Estillore
Reviewers: Angelica M. Burayag PhD
Nelie D. Sacman PhD
Christian C. Linsangan
Darwin C. Alonzo
Layout Artists: Cristoni A. Macaraeg
Ryan Pastor
Jonathan Paranada
Management Team: Nicolas T. Capulong PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio PhD
Angelica M. Burayag PhD
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Ramil G. Ilustre PhD
Larry B. Espiritu PhD
Rodolfo A. Dizon PhD
Nelie D. Sacman PhD

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 Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas

in Social Sciences
Quarter 2 – Module 13:
Filipino’s Indigenous Social Ideas
Introductory Message
For the learners:
This module will let you know about the emergence of the Social Sciences. It
will help you understand the nature, goals, and perspectives of Social Sciences.
This module is designed to provide you fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
It will make you enable to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences / Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module Filipino’s Indigenous Social Ideas!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the

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 lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the definition of anthropology, sociology and political science. The scope of
this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module is consist one lesson, namely:
• Lesson 1 – The Roles and Significance of Filipinos’ Indigenous Social Ideas
to National Development
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Carry out an exploration of personal and social experiences using indigenous
concepts; and
2. Evaluate the roles and significance of Filipinos’ indigenous social ideas to
national development.

Notes to the Teacher

This Alternative Delivery Mode has been developed to help
you facilitate the learners in understanding the key concepts and
approaches in the Social Sciences.

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 What I Know

Identification
Directions: Choose the word of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

SIKOLOHIYANG PSYCHOLOGY
PAKIKIPAGKAPWA KAPWA
PILIPINO OF FILIPINOS

KAPWA IN FILIPINO
PSYCHE TAGAPAYO
FILIPINO LANGUAGE

__________ 1. It attaches greater importance to kamalayan but subsidiary importance

to ulirat.
__________ 2. It implies the recognition of the ‘self’.
__________ 3. It is one and the same in kapwa psychology.
__________ 4. This is used as a tool for identifying/rediscovering indigenous concept.
__________ 5. It is based on mainly Western system of thought.
__________ 6. It is an inner self shared with others.
__________ 7. It is an Indigenous Psychology.
__________ 8. It is more theoretically fertile concept when analyzed semantically;
much deeper and profound in its implications as it means accepting and
dealing with the other person as an equal.
__________ 9. It refers to the wealth of ideas implied by the philosophical concept of
“essence”.
__________ 10. It is a proto-clinical practice of Psychology by Filipinos.

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 What’s In

Fill in the Blanks

Directions: Complete the sentence below by providing the most appropriate word in
the blanks. Use a separate sheet of paper.
1. Some of the most common words for showing respect in a Filipino households are
__________ and 2. __________.
3. True art must not be __________, but present-future oriented.
4. Human problems are __________ human creations and can be solved through
5._________________ solutions.

What’s New

Directions: Write down what you know and want to learn about the basic concepts
and principles of the major social science ideas. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.

What I KNOW What I WANT to learn

Sikolohiyang Pilipino

Diwa

Kapwa

Pakikitungo

Pakikipagkapwa

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 What is It

The Roles and Significance

Lesson
of Filipinos’ Indigenous
1 Social Ideas to National
Development
There are many ways of understanding the basic concepts and principles of
the major social science ideas. These areas of studies provide us important ideas in
analyzing our society which is essential in creating productive society. Thus,
Sikolohiyang Pilipino is fundamentally about fostering a national identity and
consciousness, social involvement, as well as language and culture through the lens
of the Filipino experience (Berroya 2017). The opportunities are numerous to take
this indigenous psychology from its academic tower onto the wider public.
Sikolohiyang Pilipino
It is an Indigenous Psychology. The scientific study of the ethnicity, society
and culture of people and the application to psychological practice of indigenous
knowledge rooted in the people’s ethnic heritage and consciousness (Javier 2012).
Limits of Western Concepts & Methods (Javier 2012)
• Issue - Applicability of the Western theories and principles taught as well as the
research concepts and methods used in the Philippine setting.
• The limits of Western social research methods in rural Philippines: The need for
innovation.
• The limits of applicability of Western concepts, values and methods in the social
sciences to the concrete realities of Asian societies.
Sikolohiyang Pilipino from a Movement to an Academic Discipline (Javier 2012)
• Principal emphasis in psychology
- Identity and national consciousness
- Social awareness and involvement
- Psychology of language and culture
- Applications & bases of Filipino psychology (health practices, agriculture, art,
religion)

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Primary areas of protests of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Javier 2012)
• It is against
- a psychology that perpetuates the colonial status of the Filipino mind
- a psychology used for the exploitation of the masses
- the imposition of psychologies developed in foreign countries
Positions of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Javier 2012)
• On Psychological Practice
- conceptualization of psychological practice in a Philippine context (industriya
vs. kabuhayan; klinika vs. kalusugan)
- concerned with folk practices, indigenous techniques of healing, popular
religio-political movements
• On Science – Humanism Issue
- utilizes scientific methodology in the study of psychological phenomena
- concerned not only with the universal validity of psychological science but also
in utilizing such for the purpose of serving the interest of all mankind,
affording protection to the disadvantaged
• On Mentalism - Behaviorism Issue
- uses both phenomenological & behavioristic concepts, but lesser emphasis on
individual experience and greater emphasis on the collective experience
- attaches greater importance to kamalayan, subsidiary importance to ulirat
• On Analysis – Wholeness Issue
- methodologically leans on the side of analysis but interprets the result of
analysis with a bias for wholeness
- (social context, political implications, cultural meaning of the study)
Sikolohiyang Pilipino is a ‘taong-bahay’ (Javier 2012)
• Metaphor
- Sikolohiyang Pilipino can be explained through metaphor: (a characteristic
way of clarifying concepts) – difference between tao sa bahay (person in the
house) and taong-bahay (house person).
Psychology: the Filipino Tradition (Javier 2012)
• Ethnic Psychology
- Psychology of Filipinos – based on mainly Western system of thought e.g.
Spanish: Pigafetta’s quite objective observation of the Filipinos in the Visayas
(impressed by them); American: Worcester’s view of the Filipinos as distinct
ethnic groups different from one another as Christian and non-Christian
(pagans and Moros).

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 - Practice of psychology by Filipinos:
a. indigenous techniques of enculturation/socialization, e.g. myths for social
control, or as affected by Christianity or Islam.
b. proto-clinical practice, e.g. tagapayo, manghuhula, ancient techniques of
group therapy that are still present (alternating chants during wakes, poetry,
consensus).
- Psycho-medical system: religion as cohesive element and explanation.
(1565) Babaylan or Catalonan techniques of healing; disease theory,
causation, therapy.
(1650) Messianic movements
(1730) Herbolaryo
(1900) Espiritista
Filipino Psychological Knowledge (Javier 2012)
• Filipino Language
- used as a tool for identifying/rediscovering indigenous concept
e.g. study of diwa (psyche), refers to the wealth of ideas implied by the
philosophical concept of “essence”
Kapwa, a core concept in Filipino Psychology (Javier 2012)
• The Filipino language provides a conceptual distinction in several levels and
modes of social interaction (antas ng pagtutunguhan).
• Eight behaviorally recognizable levels under two general categories in Filipino
were identified (ibang-tao; hindi ibang-tao).
• Ibang-tao (outsider)
- pakikitungo (amenities, civility)
- pakikisalimuha (‘mixing’)
- pakikilahok (joining, participating)
- pakikibagay (conforming)
- pakikisama (adjusting)
• Hindi ibang-tao (one-of-us)
- pakikipagpalagayang-loob (mutual trust)
- pakikisangkot (getting involved)
- pakikiisa (full trust, oneness, fusion)
Kapwa, the shared inner self (Javier 2012)
• Kapwa (English: both, fellow being, others)
- others is used in opposition to the ‘self’
- implies the recognition of the ‘self’
- ‘self’ as a separate identity
• Kapwa in Filipino
- a recognition of shared identity
- an inner self shared with others
- the ‘ako’ (ego) and the ‘iba sa akin’ (others)
- one and the same in kapwa psychology

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Kapwa, a core concept in Filipino Psychology (Javier 2012)
• Pakikitungo, pakikipagkapwa are mutually replaceable in taxonomic analysis,
either covers the entire lexical domain.
• Pakikipagkapwa, more theoretically fertile concept when analyzed semantically;
much deeper and profound in its implications as it means accepting and dealing
with the other person as an equal.

What’s More

Essay
A. Directions: Give one example on each level of kapwa under “hindi ibang-tao”
category: pakikipagpalagayang-loob (mutual trust); pakikisangkot (getting involved);
pakikiisa (full trust, oneness, fusion) and explain your answers. Use a separate sheet
of paper.

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 What I Have Learned

Matching Type
Directions: Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
_______ 1. Ibang-tao A. outsider
_______ 2. Pakikiisa B. amenities, civility
_______ 3. Pakikisangkot C. mixing
_______ 4. Pakikitungo D. joining, participating
_______ 5. Pakikipagpalahayang-loob E. conforming
_______ 6. Pakikisalamuha F. adjusting
______ 7. Hindi ibang-tao G. one-of-us
______ 8. Pakikilahok H. mutual trust
_______ 9. Pakikisama I. getting involved
______ 10. Pakikibagay J. full trust, oneness, fusion

What I Can Do

Poster Making
Directions: Based on what you have learned in this module, illustrate your
interpretation about pakikipagkapwa. Use a separate sheet of paper.

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 Assessment

True or False
Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if you think the statement
it true and F if it is false. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

__________1. Sikolohiyang Pilipino attaches greater importance to tapapayo but

subsidiary importance to manghuhula.

__________2. Kapwa implies the recognition of the ‘self’.v

__________3. Kapwa in Filipino is one and the same in kapwa Psychology.

__________4. Filipino culture is used as a tool for identifying/rediscovering

indigenous concept.

__________5. Psychology of Filipinos is based on mainly Northern system of

thought.

__________6. Kapwa in Filipino is an inner self shared with others.

__________7. Sikolohiyang Pilipino is an Indigenous Psychology.

__________8. Pakikisama, more theoretically fertile concept when analyzed

semantically; much deeper and profound in its implications as it
means accepting and dealing with the other person as an equal.

__________9. Psyche refers to the wealth of ideas implied by the philosophical

concept of “essence”.

__________10. Kamalayan is a proto-clinical practice of Psychology by Filipinos.

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 Additional Activity

Essay
Directions: In a separate sheet of paper, write an essay on how significant the
Sikolohiyang Pilipino is in the nationwide development.

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 11
What I Know Activity A Assessment
1. Sikolohiyang Pilipino Answer may vary. 1. F
2. Kapwa 2. T
3. Kapwa in Filipno 3. T
4. Filipino Language
5. Psychology of Filipino What I Have Learned 4. F
6. Kapwa in Filipino 1. A 5. F
7. Sikolohiyang Pilipino 2. J 6. T
8. Pakikipagkapwa 3. I 7. T
9. Psyche 4. B. 8. F
10. Tagapayo 5. H 9. T
6. C
10. F
7. G
8. D
What’s In 9. F Additional Activity
1. Po 10. E
Answer may vary.
2. Opo
3. Past-oriented
4. Irrational What I can Do
5. Rational Answer may vary.
What’s New
Answer may vary.
Answer Key
References

Berroya, Ma Cecilia L & Berroya , Mary Yzobelle Ann L. Discipline and Ideas in the
Social Sciences for Senior High School. Intramuros, Manila: Unlimited Books
Library Services & Publishing Inc., 2017.

Javier, Robert E. "Filipino Psychology - Concepts and Methods." Slide Share, 2012.

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Management Section (DepEd Region III LRMS)
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Maimpis City of San Fernando (P)
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E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph