Comparison of rectifiers

• Filter-The output obtained from a

rectifier is not pure dc
• It contains some ac components
• The output obtained from a rectifier is
known as pulsating dc ie dc containing ac
ripples
 Filters-low pass
• To make pure dc, filter is used
• Four types of filter are 1)shunt capacitor
filter 2)series inductor filter 3)π filter
• Shunt capacitor filter- capacitor allows ac
signals to pass through it and blocks dc
• When diode conducts capacitor charges
to Vm
 Shunt capacitor Filter
• When the rectifier output decreases and
charged capacitor sends a current back
through the diode
• Diode becomes reverse biased
• Capacitor discharges through load
resistor until source voltage becomes
more than capacitor voltage
• Then diode starts to conduct again
Shunt capacitor filter
Series inductor filter
 Series inductor filter
• Inductor opposes any change in current
flowing through it
• This property is used here.
• Whenever the current through an inductor
tend to change a back emf is induced in the
inductor
• This back emf prevents the current from
changing its value
 Series inductor filter
• Since the reactance of the inductor increases
with frequency better filtering of higher
harmonics ripples takes place
• XL =2*pi*f*L
 Pi section filter
• Inductor blocks ac signal and allows dc signal
to pass through it
• Π filter-this filter is also known as capacitor
input filter
• Capacitor C1 blocks dc and allows ac signal to
pass through it
• Most of the ac component is bypassed by
capacitor and dc component is passed
through inductor
 Pi section filter
• Inductor blocks ac and allows dc to pass
through it
• Capacitor C2 blocks any other ac
component which the inductor could not
block