Half wave rectifier

Working-half wave rectifier.

• Transformer steps down the input voltage.
• During positive half cycle of input, diode is forward biased and
current flows through load resistor. Output voltage, Vo =input
voltage- drop in diode.
• During negative half diode is reverse biased and no current
flows through load resistor.
• Vo = 0
• Output waveform has only one half cycle. And is
unidirectional.
• PIV of diode is Vm.
• Ripple factor is 1.21
• Peak inverse voltage(PIV)-maximum voltage
that appear across diode when it is off. Vm
• The rating of diode should be greater than PIV.
• Rating

PIV of diode in half wave rectifier is Vm.

• Vdc = Vrms=
•
• Idc = Irms=

• Vin rms =
• Ripple is the amount of AC(variable) content present in
rectified output.
• Ripple factor shows the amount of ripple.
• Lesser the ripple factor, better is the rectifier

Ripple factor = = =1.21

 HWR with capacitor working
• To reduce the ripple factor, a capacitor is placed
in parallel with the load. Capacitor passes the AC
content and reduces AC content at output.
• In +ve half cycle, when Vin > Vc ,capacitor
charges to Vm and after that capacitor discharges
to load resistor and Vc falls till Vin > Vc in next
+ve half cycle
• As capacitor value increases, ripple reduces.
• Ripple factor with capacitor is 1/ (2√3 f C R)