ASSIGNMENT 1

FACTORS AFFECTING INTENTION TO ADOPT E-PAYMENT AMONGST

POLYTECHNIC STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

1.0 Problem Statement

The current pandemic situation had clearly enhanced and by change forces many to start to
use E-payment method although they still did not trust the process. Meanwhile, many
companies and merchandizer had also converted their payment method and some even
stopped receiving cash instead the purchaser need to have an E-wallet system under the
account in order to purchase their item. E- payment is not used entirely because they have
low level of intention to use it because they still depend on physical money and current online
system that have been used for quite time (Turais, 2020). Malaysians are still hesitant to use
e-payment due to challenges such as a lack of internet expertise, which leads to a lack of trust
in the system (Lee et al., 2020). This observation further supported by a study where by 46%
of Malaysian consumers are dubious about the security of e-payment and e-wallet
applications, which threaten e-payment systems in Malaysia (Lee et al., 2020). In addition,
many students don’t get enough knowledge and information about e-payment and how to use
e – payment. Then, level of intention also low because students get fake news about when
they using e –payment their personal information been used for other purpose (Jiaxin Zhang
et al., 2019).

2.0 Research Question

a) To identify the relationship between performance expectation and the intention of
adopting e-payment among polytechnic students in Malaysia
b) To identify the relationship between effort expectation and the intention of
adopting e-payment among polytechnic students in Malaysia
c) To identify the relationship between social influence and the intention of adopting
e-payment among polytechnic students in Malaysia
d) To identify the relationship between facilitating condition and the intention of
adopting e-payment among polytechnic students in Malaysia
3.0 Research Design
The research design involved in this study is of quantitative type. The design of this study is
based on quantitative research because the total number of respondents for this study involves
a total of 50 samples. This study uses descriptive statistics in which the researcher analyses
the data in terms of mean and standard deviation involving numerical analysis as well as the
Pearson correlation to find out the significant relationship.

4.0 Research Sample

The overall estimated population of this research are 23743 Polytechnic students in Malaysia
according to report from (Ministry of Education Malaysia (MoE), 2015). Simple sampling
is a type of probability sampling in which people are sampled simply because they are
"convenient" sources of data for researchers. In probability sampling, each element in the
population has a known nonzero chance of being selected through the use of a random
selection procedure (Banerjee & Chaudhury, 2010). A total of 50 samples will be used as the
respondent in this research.

5.0 Research Instrument

This study uses a set of questionnaires the research instruments. This research instrument
consists of three sections, which is Part A, Part B, and Part C. Part A are the demographic
information of the respondents whereby sample need to select their gender, age, semester,
current studying course and their polytechnic location. Part B is the independent variable
adopted from the research of based on the original work of Venkatesh et al., (2003) which
consist of four construct with four questions in each construct. Finally, part C, consist of
questionnaire based on the dependent variable which are the behavioural intention also
adopted from Venkatesh et al., (2003) with three questions and Teoh et al., (2013) three
questions. All the items in the construct for part B and C are valued by the Likert scale of one
to five with the rank from strongly disagree to strongly agree.

Example of Dependent Variable questions as below:

No. Item 1 2 3 4 5
Performance Expectation
I believe e-payment would be a useful
1.
service in my day to day activities
 No. Item 1 2 3 4 5
Using e-payment would make me perform
2.
my financial transactions more quickly.
Social Influence
People who influence my behaviour would
3. think I should use e-payment(when
available).
Facilitating Condition
I have the resources necessary to use e-
4.
payment

Example of Independent Variable questions as below:

No. Item 1 2 3 4 5
Intention
If I had access to e-payment services, I
1.
would have the intention of using them.
I think it will be worth it for me to adopt e-
2.
payment when it is available.
I consider using e-payment because my
3.
friends and family are using e-payment.

6.0 Research Data

Raw data gathered from the questionnaire are coded and entered into an SPSS-executable
data format. Regardless of which item, unmarked or non-valid responses are treated as
missing values and are to be treated accordingly. A caption of SPSS-formatted research data
is shown below:
7.0 Data Management and Data Processing
As described, for all the four dependent variables and one independent variable, the
descriptive statistic is used and the results will be shown with mean and standard deviation.
Besides that, all the four research question used the inferential statistic and result will be
analysed and explained via Pearson Correlation.

8.0 Data Analysis

Performance Effort Social Facilitating
Expectation Expectation Influence Condition
Intention Pearson .938** .836** .320 **
.159**
Behavioural Correlation
Sig. (2- .000 .000 .000 .003
tailed)
N 50 50 50 50

9.0 Result and Interpretation

All the outlined research question has a significant relationship whereby all four independent
variables which are performance expectation, effort expectation, social influence and
facilitating condition towards the Intention of Adopting e-payment among Polytechnic
students in Malaysia. In conclusion, all four variable has a clear effect towards Intention of
Adopting e-payment among Polytechnic students in Malaysia.