MODULE 1

ACTIVITY SHEET

NAME: ERICA AMANEO COURSE&YEAR: BSED ENG ENGLISH III A

INSTRUCTOR: ALDRIAN CILLO SINONTA DATE: NOVEMBER 26, 2021

TASK TO DO!

DISCUSSION POINTS

1. How does common sense differ from research?

The difference between forming an opinion based on research findings and forming an opinion
based on common sense is that research allows for an objective perspective, but common sense is
influenced by various elements such as personality, mood, external influences, and so on. As a result, it
is subjective. Scientific study is not without flaws, as experiments or tests might be tainted by external or
internal factors such as participants, incorrect application of scientific instruments, incorrect data
analysis, and so on. However, in contrast to common sense, research-based opinion broadens rather
than narrows our knowledge, as many things remain unknown.

2. What are the different sources of knowledge?

The different sources of knowledge are belief, authority, a priori theories and empirical
evidences.

3. Discuss how the three kinds of research contribute to further understanding and knowledge of
language acquisition and learning phenomena?

Each type can be carried out separately and independently; yet, their interaction is not one-way.
These three divisions are useful because language research covers a wide range of topics and questions,
from developing theories and models to explain phenomena in language acquisition and learning to
putting these theories and findings into practice in language teaching and learning methods,
approaches, and techniques.

4. Think of a linguist theory that might have influenced the development methods of language teaching.

In any stage of development, linguistic theories have had a significant impact on language
teaching theories. There have been changes such as a larger emphasis on personalized training, more
humanistic approaches to language learning, a stronger focus on the learner, and a higher emphasis on
developing communicative competence rather than only linguistic competence. Recently, there has also
been a significant shift toward greater attention to reading and writing as a complement to listening and
speaking, based on a new awareness of significant differences between spoken and written languages,
and the notion that dealing with language entails an interaction between the text on the one hand, and
the receiver's culturally based world knowledge and experientially based learning on the other.
RESEARCH ACTIVITY

1. Non-linguistic factors affecting student’s communicative competence.

Through the transmission of information without the use of language, non-linguistic influences
students' communicative competence. It just uses gestures, written symbols, or vocal sounds to help
pupils improve their conversational skills, and it solely represents learning without focusing on words or
utilizing any language. Language can help pupils learn more, but it can also hurt their communicative
skills if they don't use it. It is necessary to study a language in order to attain a student's learning
objectives. Furthermore, non-linguistic affects students' communicative skill due to its limited learning
experience, as they are unable to completely communicate their ideas, whereas linguistic allows them
to say exactly what they want to say due to their capacities to do so.
 MODULE 2

ACTIVITY SHEET

NAME: ERICA AMANEO COURSE AND YEAR: BSED ENG III A

INSTRUCTOR: ALDRIAN CILLO SINONTA DATE: NOV. 26, 2021

DISCUSSION POINTS

1. How different is language research from other kinds of researches? Why is it a complex process?

Language study, like research in other disciplines, is a difficult undertaking since it necessitates
the consideration of numerous variables such as language use, user types, acquisition process, context,
research methodology, and related disciplines. Language research is also distinct from other types of
study in that it is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes research on both theoretical and
practical areas of linguistics. Language study is a complicated process because it is difficult to imagine a
more complex process than how the mind learns, what it learns, and why it learns in the various and
unique ways it does.

2. What constitute a language research paradigm? How do the parameters of the research relate to

one another?

The nature of research and the conceptual framework of language research that are used to
conduct the research make up a language paradigm, and it recognizes the relevance of a paradigm for
organizing a successful study in research. According to (Kuhn, 1970), a research paradigm is "a collection
of shared views and agreements among scientists." A linguistic research paradigm, on the other hand, is
how challenges should be perceived and treated. A research paradigm is a collection of scientists' shared
viewpoints and agreements. In addition, language research is divided into four categories:
methodologies, aims, research design, data collecting, and analysis. These four research parameters are
interconnected; the first two are theorized or envisaged during the planning stage, while the latter two
are realized during the operational stage. The four parameters are related to probability distributions,
estimation, and hypothesis testing, and they offer a research topic for the future.

3. Differentiate general from specific approaches; hypothesis-generating from hypothesis-testing

objectives.

Hypothesis aids researchers in gathering the appropriate data for a research project, introduces
a research question, and predicts a conclusion. The researcher investigates a set of data for links and
patterns, then presents hypotheses that can be tested in a subsequent study. Although these objectives
remain distinct, we see no reason why they cannot be pursued concurrently in a single research effort.
Hypothesis testing, on the other hand, is a method for determining if the findings of a research study
support a given idea.
4. What constitutes a language research data? What are the common tools for gathering language

data?

Language research data can include things like observable behaviors like language performance,
whether written or spoken, as well as information provided by study subjects like attitude, beliefs, and
views, as well as records of language competency from tests, class ratings, and so on. Following the
identification of the data required to carry out the researcher's research, the next step is to determine
the techniques for collecting and analyzing these data. Tape, observation, attitude questionnaires, and
metalinguistic tests are common approaches for gathering language data. For behavior documentation,
tape and observation are utilized, as well as an attitude questionnaire to establish beliefs and
perceptions and a metalinguistic test to determine language competency. These are the most typical
tools used in research to collect or obtain language data.

RESEARCH ACTIVITY

1. Get a language study and identify its four parameters. Explain your answers.

The language used in research investigations is crucial to grasp as a language since studying
research language can help you understand research solutions to critical challenges. It can also make it
easier for you to study academic papers and assessments, as well as explain crucial terms so you can
better grasp the research process. The four parameters are identified in this study. The strategy refers to
how one thinks about the linguistic research that will be done. And, objectives that are concerned with
the research's purpose and attempt to uncover a specific linguistic phenomenon and then hypothesize a
hypothesis about it, or it may test an existing theory, eventually demonstrating or disproving it. In
addition, research design sets the strategy for performing the research study and deals with issues such
as scope, variables, form, and the writer's perspective. It also collects data and conducts activities to
investigate students' language learning methods, which will primarily consist of the observed various
language learning strategies.
 MODULE 3

ACTIVITY SHEET

NAME: ERICA AMANEO COURSE AND YEAR: BSED- ENG III A

INSTRUCTOR: ALDRIAN CILLO SINONTA DATE: NOV. 26, 2021

DISCUSSION POINTS

1. What are the preparatory stages in conducting research?

Selecting and focusing a research problem, which is a research topic derived from three sources
such as the researcher's experience and interest, other language researches, and researches on allied
disciplines that is focusing a research problem, formulating general and specific questions are the
preparatory stages in conducting research. In addition, the preliminary steps include deciding on the
research technique, as well as selecting a suitable approach and procedure for doing research. And, for
conducting research, reviewing associated literature and studies, as well as the sources of related
literature and studies, such as libraries, the internet, professional organizations, and foreign embassies.

2. How does a researcher decide on his research topic?

A research topic can be derived from three sources: the researcher's personal experience with
the study of language, which he or she found interesting; other language researches that most
researchers studies recommend a list of other research topics; from this list, a researcher can get an
idea for a research topic that is interesting to work on; and reading psychological, educational, and
sociological researches. Also, the topic a researcher chooses is determined by his or her knowledge,
skills, competence, and interest. And, I feel that most good research studies require a significant amount
of effort to select a study topic that is properly worded, well defined, and simple to comprehend.

3. What criteria should be considered in focusing the problem?

The issue must be in a field in which you are both knowledgeable and experienced. To conduct
concrete research investigations, the researcher must have a thorough awareness of the theoretical,
conceptual, and practical components of the field of interest. The criteria for choosing a suitable
research problem are that the topic of research chosen should be within your resources' range, and the
research problem chosen should have a solution. In addition, research methodology should be simple
and understandable, with enough variables in the research problem. Furthermore, the criteria for
focusing the topic should improve and widen the researchers' knowledge and skills in conducting a
research study.

4. Why is review of related literature and studies important?

Because it aids the researcher in broadening his or her viewpoint on the study topic and
focusing the problem into a practical research question. The researcher becomes familiar with the
different ideas behind the chosen issue, other writers' thoughts on the topic, and research advancement
on the study through the review of books, journals, and other material. When conducting research, the
researcher is exposed to the various approaches used in various studies, as well as their major results
and conclusions. In addition, reviewing related literature and studies is critical for a researcher to better
understand his topic because it can clarify the main idea about his problem and strengthen your
research studies, as well as gain an understanding of existing research and debates or arguments that
are relevant to a specific topic in a research study.

5. Where can relate literature and studies be found?

Libraries, government and private offices, and the national library are usually good places to
look for related literature and studies.

RESEARCH ACTIVITY

1. The appropriate methodology and the procedure you will use in conducting the study.

The ability to choose proper research subjects is a valuable skill for any student. It's not only the
difference between producing an excellent paper and failing miserably; it's also essential if you want the
process to run smoothly. Brainstorm some research subjects The first and most basic stage is to have a
brainstorming session to choose which topic is best for you. Choose a topic The next stage is to choose a
topic, which may seem apparent and straightforward, but it is vital to get this step right if the rest of the
process is to go smoothly. After you've decided on a wide topic, the following step is to narrow it down
even further. This will assist you in determining whether or not your topic has enough depth to warrant
further investigation. Once you've decided on a topic, turn it into a question to aid you with the context
of your work. More research/outline your topic At this point, you virtually have a paper ready to be
written; all you need to do now is complete some in-depth research.
 MODULE 4

ACTIVITY SHEET

NAME: ERICA AMANEON COURSE AND YEAR: BSED- ENG III A

INSTRUCTOR: ALDRIAN CILLO SINONTA DATE: NOV. 26, 2021

TASK TO DO

1. THINK OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM THAT IS RELEVANT IN TODAY’S SITUATION.

Malnourishment and Hunger

2. WHAT INFLUENCE YOU TO COME UP WITH THAT PROBLEM?

In today’s problems we are facing a very huge and serious challenge which is the pandemic, that
kills millions of people and the reason why that there’s a lot of jobless people that has a family to feed
on. The reason of crisis, that leads to hunger. Right now, many people experience a hunger, because of
this pandemic, lack of food support, no enough money to buy food.

It really influenced me by seeing a lot of children in the street that has no food to eat, they’re
just consider their selves as beggar in order to have money to buy foods, and it really hurt to see that
there are some family that doesn’t have a family planning.

3. WHY DO YOU THINK IT IS RELEVANT?

This problem is very relevant, because no one deserves to be in this situation, it really need to
solve. The government should have a solution in this kind of situation by giving enough jobs to those
jobless people in order to support their daily needs.