Department of Computer Science

Name: Muhammad Ali Usman

CMS ID: 332608

EE353: Computer Networks

Class: BESE-11A
Lab 5: Tracing the path to a destination

Date: 3rd March, 2022

Instructor: Dr Arsalan Ahmed

Lab Engineer: Syed Muhammad Ali Musa

Lab 5: Tracing the path to a destination

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Steps for performing this lab:

1. Open the command prompt application

2. Type “tracert www.sydney.edu.au” (or traceroute) in command prompt and press

enter.

Now answer the following questions:

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 1. What are the IP address of the host www.sydney.edu.au and the IP of your machine?
IP address of machine: 10.3.32.125

IP address of host: 23.52.40.152

2. How many hops is the destination host away from your machine?
The host is 17 hops away from my machine.

3. How many hops are between your machine and the NUST gateway router?
There are 6 hops between the machine and the NUST gateway router.

4. How many routers does these packets visit in Pakistan?

The 8th router with address “203.135.4.220” is of Chakwal, Pakistan.
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 Next 3 routers are private but the difference in RTT is not significant. So the packets
visit 11 routers in Pakistan because the RTT for 12th hop is significantly large.
Moreover, the router at 12th hop is located in Singapore.

5. Where is the website www.sydney.edu.au hosted (city and country)?

The host is using services of Akamai Technologies, Inc.
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 City: Singapore
Country: Singapore

6. How many cities your packets have actually visited? List all these cities along with the
name of country in the order these have been visited?

Router Number: 1
Router IP: 10.3.32.1
Location: Private

Router Number: 2
Router IP: 10.3.4.134
Location: Private

Router Number: 3
Router IP: 10.1.2.254
Location: Private

Router Number: 4
Router IP: 10.1.1.22
Location: Private

Router Number: 5
Router IP: Request timed out.
Location: Private

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 Router Number: 6
Router IP: 111.68.101.1 [NUST Gateway]
City: Islamabad
Country: Pakistan

Router Number: 7
Router IP: 172.31.252.25
Location: Private

Router Number: 8
Router IP: 203.135.4.220
City: Chakwal
Country: Pakistan

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 Router Number: 9
Router IP: 10.253.12.26
Location: Private

Router Number: 10
Router IP: 10.253.4.18
Location: Private

Router Number: 11
Router IP: 10.253.4.2
Location: Private

Router Number: 12
Router IP: 27.111.228.4
Location: Singapore

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 Router Number: 13
Router IP: 202.84.224.198
Location: Singapore

Router Number: 14

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 Router IP: 202.84.224.198
Location: Singapore

Router Number: 15
Router IP: 202.84.219.173
Location: Hong Kong

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 Router Number: 16
Router IP: 210.57.38.6
Location: Hong Kong

Router Number: 17
Router IP: 23.52.40.152
Location: Singapore

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 7. Comment if you observe any abnormal/wayward path followed by the traffic from
your machine to the destination (It may be useful to roughly draw the path followed
by the traffic on a map).
Path followed by the packets is: Islamabad – Chakwal – Singapore – Hong Kong –
Singapore. The packets reach Singapore, travel to Hong Kong and then come back to
Singapore.

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 8. Does the generated traffic always follow the same path to this destination?
Three routers are different from the previous tracert. That means that the generated
traffic doesn’t always follow the same path to destination. The path may change
depending upon the traffic and congestion.

9. How many routers in the path are working in “safe mode” (not replying to any
query)?
There is only one hop which is working is safe mode.

10. Which hop is the longest in the path to the destination?

12th hop is the longest in the path to the destination as the packets are travelling
from Pakistan to Singapore at this hop.

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