Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

uqo,a ixirKh iy uy nexl=j

Institution Mangement

Bhathiya Hettiarachchi

1|P age Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

uqo,a ixirKh iy uy nexl=j

uqo,a ixirKh hkq úúO ld¾Hhka i|yd uqo,a Ndú;d lsÍu fõ' uy nexl=j úiska ksl=;a lrk
j,x.= uqo,a wd¾Ólfha úúO tall jk rch" uyckhd" jHdmdßl wdh;k" úfoaYslhka iy nexl=
w;r .kqfokq i|yd ixirKh fõ'

uqo,a wd¾Ólfha uyckhd" nexl= iy rch w;r ksr;=rej ixirKh fõ' hï wjia:djl fufia
uyckhd w;r ixirKh fjñka mj;sk uqo,a m%udKh uqo,a iemhqu f,i ye¢kaúh yelsh'

rgl ish¿ uQ,H .kqfokq j,x.= uqo,a mokï lrf.k isÿfõ' tneúka uQ,H l%uhl moku jkafka
j,x.= uqo,a iy uqo,a ksl=;=j yd md,kh ms<sn| wêldßh jk uy nexl=j fõ'

j,x.= uqo,a jk ldis yd fkdaÜgq uqøKh iy ksl=;a lsÍu i|yd n,h we;af;a Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=jg fõ' rfÜ ixirKh jk j,x.= uqo,a uy nexl=fõ j.lSula fõ'

 uy nexl=j úiska j,x.= uqo,a ksl=;a lrkafka l=uk j;alï mokï lr f.ko @

- Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï ^NFA&

- Y=oaO foaYSh j;alï ^NDA&

rgl uqo,a ixirKfha wdrïNl uqo,a m%udKh fyj;a uy nexl=j úiska uqøKhlr ksl=;a
lrkq ,enQ uqo,a m%udKh mokï uqo,a f,i y÷kajkq ,nhs'

mokï uqo,a uy nexl=fõ CIKslj fyda b,a,d isá ú.i f.úh hq;= j.lSï fõ'

mokï uqo,a j, ixhq;sh

- uyckhd i;= ldis fkdaÜgq

- nexl= i;= ldis fkdaÜgq

- uy nexl=fõ we;s rdcH ksfhdað; wdh;k j, ;ekam;=

- uy nexl=fõ we;s nexl=j, ;ekam;=

2|P age Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

2019 uy nexl= jdAr:dj mrsYS,kh fldg 2018 iy 2019 jArY i\yd mokï uqo,a m%udkh .kkh
lrkak'
mokï uqo,a 2018 # …………..
mokï uqo,a 2019 # …………..

uQ,H j;alï j,ska b;d blauKska $ myiqfjka uqof,a ld¾Hhka bgq lr .; yels jkafka
ldis$fkdaÜgq iy nexl= ;ekam;= uÕska h' uqo,a iemhqu .Kkh i|yd uyckhd i;= ldis
$fkdaÜgq iy nexl= ;ekam;= j, tl;=j .Kkh lrhs'

nexl= ;ekam;= .;a úg úúO j¾.fha nexl= ;ekam;= uÕska uqof,a ld¾Hh bgq lsÍfï yelshdj
fjkia fõ'
Wod (- b,a¨ï ;ekam;= j, uqo,a fplam;a uÕska .kqfokq lsÍug blauKska fhdod .; yels
w;r" b;=reï ;ekam;= j, tu yelshdj idfmaCIj wvqh' ia:djr ;ekam;= j, Bg;a
jvd wvqh'

;ekam;=jla uÕska uqof,a ld¾Hh bgqlsÍug we;s yelshdj ;ekam;= j, uqo,aNdjh f,i ye¢kafõ'

Wod ( b;=reï ;ekam;= j, ia:djr ;ekam;=j,

uqo,aNdjh uqo,aNdjh

uqo,a f,i we;=<;a lrk ;ekam;= j¾.h wkqj ilia lrkq ,nk úúO uqo,a iemhqï weia;fïka; =
j¾. y\Qkj
a d osh yel

uQo,a iuia; (Monetary Aggregates)

(i) ixÑ; uqo,a ( uyckhd fj;e;s jHjydr uqo,a + jdKsc nexl= fj;e;s jHjydr
uqo,a + uy nexl=j fj;e;s jdKsc nexl= ;ekam;= + uy nexl=j
fj;e;s rdcH ksfhdað; wdh;k j, ;ekam;=

(ii) mgq uqo,a iemhqu ^M1& ( uyckhd i;= jHjydr uqo,a + jdKsc nexl= fj;e;s uyckhd
i;= b,a¨ï ;ekam;=

(iii) mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2& ( mgq uqo,a iemhqu ^M1&+ uyckhd i;= jdKsc nexl= fj;e;s
ld,Sk iy b;=reï ;ekam;=

(iv) mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2b& ( mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2& + .e,mqï lrk ,o úfoaY jHjydr
uqo,a ;ekam;=

3|P ag e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

2019 uy nexl= jdAr:dj mrsYS,kh fldg 2018 iy 2019 jArY i\yd my; uQo,a iuia; .Kkh
lrkak
- mgq uqo,a iemhqu ^M1& # …………..

- mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2& # …………..

- mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2b& # …………..

mokï uqo,a j,g jvd uqo,a iemhqu jeäùu uqo,a ueùfu l%shdj,sh u.ska isÿfj' uqo,a ueùu
;ekam;= Ndr .ekSu iy Kh oSfu l%shdj,sh u.ska isÿfj'

uqo,a ueùfï yelshdj uksk o¾Ylh uqo,a .=Klh f,i y÷kajhs

uqo,aiemhqu
- uqo,a .=Klh =
mokïiemhqu

uqo,a .=Kl wdlD;sh .Ks;uh whqßka m%ldY lrkak'

uqo,aiemhqu ^M& = uqo,a .=Klh ^m& x mokï uqo,a ^B&

M = m x B
M = m x B

uqo,a .=Klh fláld,fha § ia:djr hehs Wml,amkh l<fyd;a"

M = B

uqo,a .=Klh 5'5 kï mokï uqo,a re' 1000$} ksl=;a l< úg l=ula isÿfõo @

M = m x B
M = 5.5 x 1000
M = 5500

uqo,a ueùfï l%shdj,sh uÕska th 5500 la njg m;afõ'

M = 5500
1000 mokï uqo,a
4500 nexl= l%uh ;=< weÕjqkq uqo,a f,i mj;S'

4|P ag e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

rfÜ uqo,a .=Klh 5 kï tu rfÜ mokï uqo,a m%udKh 3Mn j,ska jeäjQ úg uqo,a iemhqu
flfia fjkia fõo @

M = m x B
M = m x B

m fláld,fha § ia:djr hehs Wml,amkh l< úg

 M = 05 x 03Mn
 M = 15Mn

ta wkqj uqo,a iemhqu ñ,shk 15 ka fjkia fõ'

uqo,a .=Kl wdlD;shg wkqj uqo,a iemhqu flfrys n,mdk m%Odk idOl 02 ls'

uqo,a .=Klh
uqo,a iemhqu
mokï uqo,a

ta wkqj uqo,a iemhqu fjkiaùu by; idOl 02 l fjkiaùu u; isÿfõ'

5|P a g e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

mokï uqo,a flfrys n,mdk idol

(i) uy nexl=j úiska nexl= iy rch iuÕ úfoaY úksuh .kqfokq lsÍu ^ñ,§ .ekSu $ úlsKSu&

uy nexl=j úfoaY úksuh úlsKSu => mokï uqo,a

uy nexl=j úfoaY úksuh ñ,g .ekSu => mokï uqo,a

(ii) uy nexl=j rchg Kh §u'

rchg Kh ÿka úg => mokï uqo,a

rch Kh f.jk úg => mokï uqo,a

(iii) uy nexl=j jdKsc nexl= j,g Kh §u'

jdKsc nexl=j,g Kh ÿka úg => mokï uqo,a

jdKsc nexl= Kh f.jQ úg => mokï uqo,a

(iv) uy nexl=fõ m%;sñ,§ .ekqï .súiqï

m%;s ñ,§ .ekqï => mokï uqo,a

(v) uy nexl=fõ fjk;a Y=oaO j;alï

fjk;a Y=oaO j;alï by< hdu => mokï uqo,a

fjk;a Y=oaO j;alï my< hdu => mokï uqo,a

(vi) uy nexl=fõ ,dN

uy nexl=fõ ,dN by< hdu => mokï uqo,a

(vii) uy nexl= iq/l=ïm;a ksl=;=j

uy nexl= iq/l=ïm;a => mokï uqo,a

iq/l=ïm;a l,a msÍ f.ùu => mokï uqo,a

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

mokï uqo,aj, ixhq;sh'

ksl=;= uQ,dY% Wmfhdackh

Y=oaO úfoaYSh j;alï ^NFA& xxx uyckhd w;e;s jHjydr uqo,a ^CU& xxx

rchg ÿka Kh ^NCG& xxx nexl= w;e;s jHjydr uqo,a ^CV& xxx

nexl=j,g ÿka Kh ^CB& xxx uy nexl=fõ we;s nexl= ;ekam;= ^RR& xxx

fjk;a Y=oaO j;alï ^NOA& xxx uy nexl=fõ we;s rdcH wdh;k ;ekam;= xxx

tl;=j } mokï uqo,a xxx tl;=j } mokï uqo,a xxx

uqo,a .=Klh flfrys n,mdk idol fudkjdo @

- ldis yd fkdaÜgq Ndú;h

uyckhd ldis yd fkdaÜgq f,i uqo,a ;nd .ekSug we;s leue;a;" wvqùu uqo,a .=Klh
jeäùu i|yd;a" jeäùu uqo,a .=Klh wvqlsÍu i|yd;a n,mdhs'

- nexl=j, b;=reï

b;=reï ;ekam;= jeäùu uqo,a .=Klh jeä lrhs'

- jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h ^SRR&

SRR jeäùu Kh§fï yelshdj wvqlrk w;r th uqo,a .=Klh wvqlsÍug fya;=fõ'

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

uqo,a .=Klh iólrKhla f,i olajkak

C = Currency Deposit Ratio uyckhd w;e;s jHjydr uqo,a yd uq¿ ;ekam;= w;r we;s
wkqmd;h'
uyckhd w;e;s jHjydr uqo,a ^CU&
uq¿ ;ekam;= ^TD&

r = jHjia:dms; ixÑ; wkqmd;h ^SRR&

uy nexl=fõ we;s nexl= ;ekam;= ^RR&

uq¿ ;ekam;= ^TD&

e = Excess Reserve Ratio w;sßla; ixÑ; wkqmd;h

tÈfkod .kqfokq ^øjYS,;d& i|yd nexl= ;nd .kakd jHjydr uqo,a m%udKh ^er&
uq¿ ;ekam;= ^TD&

by; ´kEu idOlhla by< hk úg uqo,a .=Klfha w.h my< hhs'

uqo,a .=Klh ixÑ; uqo,a iy mq¿,a uqo,a iemhqu ^M2b& w;r mj;sk iïnkaoh úoyd olajhs

mqoa.,fhla <Õ ;nd.kakd uqo,a m%udKh fyj;a uqo,a b,a¨ug n,mdk fÉ;kd $ wruqKq
fudkjdo@

- .kqfokq fÉ;kdj

- mQ¾fjdamdh fÉ;kdj

- iufmaCIK fÉ;kdj

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

by; ±lajQ wruqKq i|yd fld;rï uqo,a m%udKhla ;nd .kakjdo hkak ;SrKh ùu i|yd úúO
idol n,mdhs' m%Odk uqo,a b,a¨ï idol fudkjdo @

- wdodhï uÜgu

- uqo,a fkdjk uQ,H j;alïj, M,od wkqmd;h

- wfmaCIs; WoaOukh

WoaOukh hkqfjka y÷kajkafka l=ulao

hï ld, mrsÉfPAohla ;=, fmdoq us, uÜgu wLkav j by, hdu WoaOukh hkqfjka ye\skú
A h
yel'

WoaOukh uÕska uqof,a l%h Yla;sh wvqlsrsu isÿ lrhs. Mfiau WoaOukh uÕska uqof,a wd¾Ól
ld¾HNdrhka isÿ lsÍug o ndOd lrhs'

WoaOukfha wys;lr m%;sM, myokak

 uqof,a l%h Yla;sh ySk lsrSu ;=, uqof, wd¾Ól ld¾HNdrhka isÿ lsÍug ndOd lsrSu '

 ia:djr wdodhï ,nkakkaf. l%h Yla;sh ySk ùu iy tA ;=, Tjqkf

a . cSjk ;;ajh my, hdu'

 ksIamdok idOl j, us, by, hdu iy jevs jegqma b,a,Su ;=, ksIamdolhka wffOArhu;a ùu'

 uQ,H j;alï j, jgskdlu wvq ùu ;=, wdfhdclhka wffOArhu;a ùu'

 Kh .kakka jdis ,enSu iy Kh fokakka mdvq ,enSu' Kh oSu wffOArhu;a ùu'

 fjkia jk us, .ek b.kSug ld,h , Y%uh iy msrsjeh jeh ùu'

 b;=reï wffOArhu;a ùu'

 wia:djr Ndjh ;=, os.=ld,Sk wdfhdck j,g t,nSug wffOArhu;a ùu'

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

hï ld, mrsÉfPAohla ;=, fmdoq us, uÜgu wLkavj my< hdu wjOukh hkqfjka ye\skú
A h
yel' fuh ksIamdolhka wffOArhu;a lrhs' md,s; mqfrdAl:kh l< yels iqt jYfhka mj;sk
WoaOukh ksIamdolhka ffOArhu;a lrhs'
WoaOukh uQ,H m%mxphls' uqo,a yd WoaOukh w;r iïnkaOh úYaf,aIKh lsÍug jeo.;a jk
*sI¾ iólrKh $ úksuh iólrKh $ uQ,H m%udKjd§ iólrKh

uQ,H m%udKjd§ iólrKh # M V = P T

M = uqo,a f;d.h
V = uqo,a ixirK m%fõ.h
P = ñ, uÜgu
T = uQ¾; ksIamdokh

V iy T fláld,fha§ ia:djr hehs ie,l= úg  M =  P

10 | P a g e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

11 | P a g e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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Survey of Financial System – Sinhala

12 | P a g e Institute of Bankers of Sri Lanka

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