OSTEOFASCIAL COMPARTMENT Humeroulnar Medial Middle Median nerve C7, 8; T1 Flexes middle

head epicondyle of phalanx of phalanx of

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTIO NERVE NERVE ACTION humerus, medial four fingers and
N SUPPLY ROOTS medial border finger assists in
of coronoid flexing
Pronator Teres process of proximal
ulna phalanx and
Humeral head Medial Lateral aspect Median nerve C6, 7 Pronation and hand
epicondyle of of shaft of flexion of
humerus radius forearm Radial head Oblique line
on anterior
Ulnar head Medial border Flexes and surface of
of coronoid abducts hand shaft of radius
process of at wrist joint
ulna Flexor Anterior Distal phalanx Anterior C8; T1 Flexes distal
pollicis surface of of thumb interosseous phalanx of
Flexor carpi Medial Bases of Median nerve C6, 7 Flexes and longus shaft of radius branch of thumb
radialis epicondyle of second and abducts hand median nerve
humerus third at wrist joint
metacarpal Flexor Anteromedial Distal Ulnar (medial C8; T1 Flexes distal
bones digitorum surface of phalanges of half) and phalanx of
profundus shaft of ulna medial four median fingers; then
Palmaris Medial Flexor Median nerve C7, 8 Flexes hand fingers (lateral half) assists in
longus epicondyle of retinaculum nerves flexion of
humerus and palmar middle and
aponeurosis proximal
phalanges and
Flexor carpi ulnaris wrist

Humeral head Medial Pisiform Ulnar nerve C8, T1 Flexes and Pronator Anterior Anterior Anterior C8; T1 Pronates
epicondyle of bone, hook of adducts hand quadratus surface of surface of interosseous forearm
humerus the hamate, at wrist joint shaft of the shaft of radius branch of
base at fifth ulna median nerve
metacarpal
bone

Ulnar head Medial aspect

of olecranon
process and
posterior
border of ulna

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

POSTERIOR (B5ESA) ● Common tendon origin of flexors comes from the medial epicondyle, for the
extensors it comes from the lateral epicondyle.
Muscles of Lateral Forearm Osteofascial Compartment ● Flexor carpi radialis has two slips.
● Extensor digitorum communis- inserts on the extensor expansion hood (basically
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTIO NERVE NERVE ACTION
has insertion on the bases of the posterior surface of the middle and distal
N SUPPLY ROOTS
phalanx.
Brachioradia Lateral Base of Radial nerve C5, 6, 7 Flexes ● 2 slips flexor digitorum superficialis and in between mupasok didto to insert
lis supracondylar styloid forearm at on the anterior surface of the base of the distal phalanx, mu insert ang
ridge of process of elbow joint; profundus. This time ang imong extensor expansion is kannag naa kay 2 ka
humerus radius rotates
forearm to the
lateral bands that will insert on the PS distal phalanx and one central slip/band
Radius sytloid mid prone that will insert on the PS of the base. Murag mu flatten so it is called extension
position expansion. Lumbricals, interossei,
● Creating the Extensor expansion: extensor digitorum communis, extensor
Extensor Lateral Posterior Radial nerve C6, 7 Extends and digiti minimi (little finger), extensor (index finger)
carpi radialis supracondylar surface of abducts hand
longus ridge of base of at wrist joint
● Extensor digitorum communis does not only extend the distal interphalangeal
humerus second joint it can also extend proximal interphalangeal joint, extend the
metacarpal metacarpophalangeal joint, extend the wrist joint, it can extend the elbow
bone synergistically.
● The predominant nerve root supply is indicated by boldface type. ● Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis… brevis- FLEXORS of the elbow; although they are extensors of the wrist;
anterior axis of rotation sa duha that is why it can act synergistically to
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus- Just above the lateral epicondyle; part sa
bend/flex the elbow.
humerus
● Extensor digiti minimi- can extend the distal interphalangeal joint, extend
Brachioradialis- doesn’t have any action on the wrist, it has action on the elbow, primary proximal interphalangeal joint, extend the metacarpophalangeal joint, extend
action is to flex the elbow the wrist, since it medial to the axis of rotation for ulnar and radial deviation,
- If I resist elbow flexion with my forearm, in midposition (neutral between pronation it can ulnarly deviate the wrist.
and supination), I have muscle bulging. Can also pronate and supinate depending on ● Extensor carpi ulnaris- doesn’t have any actions on the fingers, only extends
the initial position of the forearm. It can supinate from a fully pronated position and the wrist and ulnarly deviate the wrist
vice versa. It can pronate from a fully supinated position. For example, if it is fully ● Anconeus- if you place your hand, palpating 3rd finger on the lateral epicondyle.
pronated, then there is leverage for the muscle to act as a supinator. Forms a triangle here, if you place the index finger in between my thumb and middle
Extensor carpi radialis longus- primary action is extension of wrist, it is later to the axis of finger, if you do extension you will feel the bulge of the muscle. Acts as a synergist
rotation for radial and ulnar deviation. It can radially deviate the wrist. for elbow extension. Only a small portion though because you need the triceps
mainly.
Notes: ● Supinator-
Anterior surface of the base of the 2nd metacarpal, is where the (insertion) of flexor carpi
radialis insert. On the posterior side, sa base sa metacarpal, is where the extensor carpi
radialis longus is inserted.
MUSCLES OF POSTERIOR FOREARM OSTEOFASCIAL COMPARTMENT
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTIO NERVE NERVE ACTION radius and
N SUPPLY ROOTS ulna

Extensor Lateral Posterior Deep branch C7, 8 Extends and Extensor Posterior Base of Deep branch C7, 8 Extends
carpi radialis epicondyle of surface of of radial nerve abducts hand pollicis brevis surface of proximal of radial nerve metacarpopha
brevis humerus base of third at wrist joint shaft of radius phalanx of langeal joints
metacarpal thumb of thumb
bone
Extensor Posterior Base of distal Deep branch C7, 8 Extends distal
Extensor Lateral Middle and Deep branch C7, 8 Extends pollicis surface of phalanx of of radial nerve phalanx of
digitorum epicondyle of distal of radial nerve fingers and longus shaft of ulna thumb thumb
communis humerus phalanges of hand
Extensor Posterior Extensor Deep branch C7, 8 Extends of
medial four
indicis surface of expansion of of radial nerve metacarpopha
fingers
shaft of ulna index finger langeal joint
Extensor Lateral Extensor Deep branch C7, 8 Extends of index
digiti minimi epicondyle of expansion of of radial nerve metacarpal finger
humerus little finger phalangeal ● The predominant nerve root supply is indicated by boldface type.
joint of little
finger

Extensor Lateral (posterior Deep branch C7, 8 Extends and

carpi ulnaris epicondyle of surface) Base of radial nerve adducts hand
Osteofascial Compartments of Hand
humerus of fifth at wrist joint
metacarpal
bone COMPARTMENT MUSCLES MOTOR NERVE(S)

Anconeus Lateral Lateral Radial nerve C7, 8; t1 Extends Thenar Flexor pollicis brevis Median nerve (recurrent
epicondyle of surface of elbow joint Abductor pollicis brevis branch)
humerus olecranon Opponens pollicis
process
Hypothenar Flexor digiti quinti Ulnar nerve (deep branch)
Supinator Lateral Neck and Deep branch C5, 6 Supination of Abductor digiti quinti
epicondyle of shaft of radius of radial nerve forearm Opponens digiti quinti
humerus,
annular Cental (midplanar) Tendons of long extrinsic Median nerve
ligament of digital flexors (flexor digitorum Ulnar nerve (deep branch)
proximal superficialis, flexor digitorum
radioulnar profundus, flexor pollicis
joint, and ulna longus)
Lumbrical muscle
Abductor Posterior Base of first Deep branch C7, 8 Abducts and
pollicis surface of metacarpal of radial nerve extends thumb Interosseous Adductor pollicis Ulnar nerve (deep branch)
longus shafts of bone Palmar interossei
 Dorsal interossei bones and ring from center of
fingers and third finger;
Dorsal (extensor) Tendons of long digital No intrinsic motor nerves dorsal both palmar
extensors extensor and dorsal
expansion flex
metacarpopha
langeal joints
and extend
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTIO NERVE NERVE ACTION interphalange
N SUPPLY ROOTS al joints

Palmaris Flexor Skin of palm Superficial C8; T1 Corrugates Short Muscles of Thumb
brevis retinaculum branch of skin to
palmar ulnar nerve improve grip Abductor Scaphoid, Base of Median nerve C8; T1 Abduction of
aponeurosis of palm pollicis brevis trapezium, proximal thumb
flexor phalanx of
Lumbricals Tendons of Extensor First and C8; T1 Flex retinaculum thumb
(4) flexor expansion of second (i.e.m metacarpopha
digitorum medial four lateral two), langeal joints Flexor Flexor Base of Median nerve C8; T1 Flexes
profundus fingers median nerve; and extend pollicis brevis retinaculum proximal metacarpopha
third and interphalange phalanx of langeal joint
fourth deep al joints of thumb of thumb
branch of finger except
ulnar nerve thumb Opponens Flexor Shaft of Median nerve C8; T1 Pulls thumb
pollicis retinaculum metacarpal medially and
Interossei (8) bone of thumb forward
across palm
Palmar (4) First arises Proximal Deep branch C8; T1 Palmar
from base of phalanges of of ulnar nerve interossei Adductor Oblique head; Base of Deep branch C8; T1 Adduction of
first thumb and adduct fingers pollicis second and proximal of ulnar nerve thumb
metacarpal; index, righ, toward center third phalanx of
remaining and little of third finger metacarpal thumb
three from fingers and bones;
anterior dorsal transverse
surface of extensor head; third
shafts of expansion of metacarpal
second, each finger bone
fourth, and
fifth Short Muscles of Little Finger
metacarpals
Abductor Pisiform bone Base of Deep branch C8; T1 Abducts little
Dorsal (4) Contiguous Proximal Deep branch C8; T1 Dorsal digiti minimi proximal of ulnar nerve finger
sides of shafts phalanges of of ulnar nerve interossei phalanx of
of metacarpal index, middle, abduct fingers little finger
Flexor digiti Flexor Base of Deep branch C8; T1 Flexes little
minimi retinaculum proximal of ulnar nerve finger
phalanx of
little finger

Opponens Flexor Medial border Deep branch C8; T1 Pulls fifth

digiti minimi retinaculum of the fifth of ulnar nerve metacarpal
metacarpal forward as in
bone cupping the
palm

● The predominant nerve root supply is indicated by boldface type.