Muscle Origin
Upper limb
Shoulder region
Anterior : anterior border
Deltoid of lateral of clavicle .
Middle : lateral border of
acromion process of scapula .
Posterior : lower border of
spine of scapula .
Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Teres major Lower of dorsal surface of
lateral border of scapula
Teres minor Upper of dorsal surface of
lateral border of scapula
Subscapularis Subscapular fossa
Pectoral region
anterior sternal half of
clavicle
Pectoralis major lateral half of sternum upto
6th costal cartilage
Pectoralis minor Upper margins of outer
surfaces of 3rd,4th,5th ribs
st th
Serratus anterior 1 : 8 ribs .
Boxer’s muscle Paralysis of lateral thoracic nerve causes winged scapula
The arm
Short head : tip of coracoid
process of scapula .
Biceps brachii long head : supraglenoid
tubercle of scapula .
Brachialis Distal half of anterior surface
of humerus .
Coracobrachialis Coracoid process of scapula
1 Integrated team 2019 | MNR
Insertion Action
Deltoid tuberosity on Anterior : flexion +
Middle of lateral surface medial rotation of arm .
of humerus Middle : abduction of
arm (15o : 90o ) .
Posterior : extension +
lateral rotation .
Upper facet of greater Start abduction of arm
tuberosity of humerus ( 0o : 15o )
Middle facet of greater Lateral rotation of arm
tuberosity of humerus
Medial lip of bicipital Adduction + extension +
groove of humerus medial rotation of arm.
lower facet of greater Lateral rotation of arm .
tuberosity of humerus
Lesser tuberosity of Adduction + medial
humerus rotation of arm
Lateral lip of bicipital Flexion + adduction +
groove of humerus medial rotation of
humerus
Climbing + deep
inspiration
Medial border of Protraction of scapula .
coracoid process of Depression of shoulder .
scapula
Medial border of scapula Protraction + overhead
abduction
 tuberosity of radius Supination + weak flexion
of forearm
fascia of forearm via
bicipital aponeurosis
Coronoid process and Major flexor of forearm
tuberosity of ulna
Middle third , medial of Help to adduct + flex arm
humerus
 Muscle Origin Insertion Action
Triceps brachii Long head : Olecranon process Main extensor of
infraglenoid tubercle of of ulna and fascia forearm
scapula
of forearm
lateral head : posterior
of humerus , superior to
radial groove
 medial head : posterior
of humerus , inferior to
radial groove
The forearm
Anterior compartment (flexor group)
Pronator teres Common flexor Middle of lat.surface of Pronate + flex forearm
radius
superficial

origin : nd
Flexor carpi radialis Base of 2 metacarpal Flex + abduct the wrist
Front of medial bone
Palmaris longus epicondyle Flexor retinaculum + Flex hand + tighten
Palmer aponeurosis palmer aponeurosis
Flexor carpi ulnaris Pisiform –hamate- Flex + adduct the wrist
5th metacarpal bone
Flexor digitorum Common flexor origin Base of middle Flex middle and
superficialis (intermediate) coronoid process phalanges of medial 4 proximal phalanges
ant. surface of radius fingers
Flexor pollicis Above Radius Base of distal phalanx Flex IP+CMC+MCP
longus of thumb joints
Base of distal Flex distal phalnges of
Deep

Flexor digitorum Above Ulna

profundus phalanges of medial 4 medial 4 fingers
fingers
Pronator quadratus Distal ulna Distal ⁄ ant . surface Pronate forearm
of radius Hold bones together
posterior compartment (extensor group)
Extensor carpi Base of 3rd metacarpal
radialis brevis Common Extensor bone Cross the wrist
Extensor digitorum origin : Extensor expansion of
supply by deep
superficial

medial 4 fingers
branch of radial nerve
Extensor digiti Front of lateral Extensor expansion of except anconeus by
minimi little finger radial n. itself
epicondyle
Extensor carpi Base of 5th metacarpal
ulnaris bone
Anconeus Posterior of lateral
epicondyle

2 Integrated team 2019 | MNR

 Brachioradialis Lateral Base of styloid Flex forearm ??
lateral
process of radius Rotate it to midprone
supracondylar ridge position
Extensor carpi of humerus Dorsal surface of base Extend + abduct wrist
radialis longus 2nd metacarpal bone joint
Brachioradialis doesn’t cross the wrist + both innervated by radial nerve itself
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus Supply by
Deep

posterior
Extensor pollicis brevis
interosseous
Extensor indicis nerve
Supinator
The Hand
Abductor pollicis brevis adduction + abduction
 Flexion + extension
Thenar Flexor pollicis brevis
Opposition
‘’4’’ Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis
Abductor digiti minimi
Hypothenar Flexor digiti minimi
‘’3’’ opponens digiti minimi
Dorsal 4 Bipennate muscles
origin : 2 heads from adjacent 2 metacarpals
Interossei 4 nd rd
insertion : radial sides of 2 +3 proximal phalanges
‘’8’’ ulnar side of 3rd + 4th proximal phalanges
Action :abduct MP joints NB : middle finger is fixed
Palmer 4 unipennate muscles :
4 origin : head from metacarpal
insertion : ulnar side of 2nd proximal phalanx
radial side of 4th + 5th proximal phalanges
Action :adduct MP joints NB : middle finger hasn’t any muscles
Lumbricales 4 small muscles originate from radial side of flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Insertion : extensor expansion
Action :flex MCP joints + extend IP joints ‘’ writing position ‘’
Median nerve Thenar muscles 3 except adductor pollicis 5
2 lumbricals on radial side
Ulnar nerve hypothenar muscles 3 + adductor pollicis
interossei muscles 8 14
2 lumbricals on ulnar side

3 Integrated team 2019 | MNR