Trunk Range of Motion Muscles Involved Terms To Remember:

Flexion: Anterior Musculoskeletal system: provides form,

Trunk Flexion  Rectus Abdominis stability, and movement to the human body
 External Obliques Trunk/ Torso: central of body, anterior and
 Internal Obliques posterior thorax
Trunk Lateral Flexion Anterior
 Rectus Abdominis Range of Motion: measurement of the
 External Obliques amount of movement around a specific body
 Internal Obliques part
Posterior
 Erector Spinae Insertion: anchor, the point of attachment in
 Quadratus Lumborum a muscle where more movement occurs.
Arm Flexion Origin: Immovable attachment.
 Anterior Deltoid
Extension:
Trunk Lateral Extension  Rectus Abdominis Range of Motion
(Anterior)
Flexion
 Erector Spinae
Arm Extension (Posterior) Extension

 Latissimus Dorsi Abduction

(Posterior)
Adduction
 Posterior Deltoid
Abduction: Rotation
Arm Abduction  Medial Deltoid
 Supraspinatus Inversion
(Shoulder) Eversion
Adduction: Supination
Arm Adduction  Teres Major (Anterior)
 Teres Minor (Anterior) Pronation
 Pectoralis Opposition
Major(Anterior)
 Middle Trapezius Circumduction
(Posterior)
Dorsiflexion
 Rhomboid Major
(Posterior)
Rotation:
External Obliques  Anterior
Serratus Anterior and  Both Posterior
Superior Trapezius
Rhomboid Major  Posterior
ANTERIOR ORIGIN INSERTION ACTIONS
MUSCLES
Anterior Deltoid  Lateral ⅓ of the Clavicle  Deltoid
Tuberosity of the
Humerus.
Pectoralis Major  Anterior Surface medial  Proximal  Adducts flexes
½ of the Clavicle Humerus the humerus
(Shoulder Girdle) (Upper Arm)
 Anterior Surface
Sternum,
 Costal cartilages of rib
1-7,
 Aponeurosis of the
external oblique muscle.
Rectus Abdominis  pubis to rib cage  sternum and 5th-  Flexes Vertebral
7th ribs Column
Internal Obliques  Thoracolumbar Fascia,  Ilium and Iliac 
 Iliac Crest Crest  
 Inguinal Ligaments

External Obliques  Lower 8 ribs of 5 to 12  Linea Alba via  Flexes and

ribs, Aponeurosis, Rotates
Pubic Crest & Vertebral
Tubercle, and Column
from the Iliac
Crest
POSTERIOR MUSCLES ORIGIN INSERTION ACTIONS
Middle Trapezius  Spinous  Medial Border of
Processes of the Acromion and
Vertebrae T1-T5 Superior Lip of
Spine of the
Scapula
Deltoid
Posterior Deltoid  inferior border of  Deltoid
Medial Deltoid the spine of the Tuberosity of the
scapula Humerus
Supraspinatus  Supraspinous  Greater Tubercle
Fossa of the of the Humerus.
Scapula
Rhomboid Major  Spinous  Medial Border of
Processes of the Scapula.
Vertebrae T2-T5
Teres Major  Lower ⅓ of the  Medial Lip of the
Lateral Border of Intertubercular
Scapula Groove of
(Posterior Humerus.
Surface)
Teres Minor  Posterior Surface  Greater Tubercle
of the Lateral of the Humerus
Border of the
Scapula
Latissimus Dorsi  Posterior Lip of  Intertubercular
the Iliac Crest, Groove of the
 Spinal Processes Humerus. 
L5 - T7,
  ribs 8-12 via the
thoracolumbar
fascia
DEEP MUSCLES
Erector Spinae -Prime Mover of the
3 parts: Back  transverse
 longissimus, -Provide resistance when processes of T12
 iliocostalis bending over to T1, C6 to C2,
 spinalis. and Ribs 12 to 4

 collectively span
the vertebral
column
 thoracolumbar
fascia, transverse
processes of L4
to L1, T5 to T1,
and articular
processes of C7
to C4.
Quadratus Lumborum  iliac crest  Transverse
 lumbar fascia processes of
upper lumbar
vertebrae
Serratus Anterior.  Ribs 1 through 8.  costal surface of
the medial border
of the Scapula.

Superior Trapezius  External Occipital  Lateral ⅓ of

Protuberance clavicle
 Superior Nuchal  acromion of the
Line scapula.
 Ligamentum
Nuchae
 Spinous Process
of vertebrae C7.