MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION INNERVATION ACTION

MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION

Gluteus Maximus Ilium, sacrum, coccyx Iliotibial tract, tuberosity of Inferior gluteal nerve Extension, lateral rotation of
femur hip, knee extension
Gluteus Medius Ilium Femur- lateral surface of Superior gluteal nerve Abduction of hip, medial
greater trochanter rotation of thigh
Gluteus Minimus Ilium Femur- anterior surface of Superior gluteal nerve Abduction of hip, medial
greater trochanter rotation of hip
Piriformis Anterior surface of S2, S3, Femur- upper border of S1, S2 Lateral rotation of thigh
S4 greater trochanter
Gemellus Superior Spine of ischium Tendon of obturator internus Obturatior internus Lateral rotation of thigh
nerve
Gemellus Inferior Superior margin of ischial Tendon of obturator internus Quadratus femoris Lateral rotation of thigh
tuberosity nerve
Quadratus Femoris Ischial tuberosity Femur- quadrate tubercle Sacral plexus Lateral rotation of thigh
intertochanter crest
Obturator Infernus Obturator membrane With gamelli to greater Obturator internus Lateral rotation of thigh
trochanter nerve
Tensor fascia lata Iliac crest Iliotibial tract Superior gluteal nerve Assist gluteal maximus in knee
extension
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
Sartorius Anterior superior iliac spine Tibial shaft Femoral nerve Hip flexion, abduction, lateral
rotation of thigh
Pectineus Pubis- superior ramus Femur- linea aspera below Femoral nerve Flexion & abduction of thigh
lesser trochanter
Psoas T12-L5 Femur- lesser trochanter Branches from lumbar Flexion of thigh on trunk;
plexus medial rotation of hip
Iliacus Iliac fossa Tendon of psoas Femoral nerve Flexion of thigh on trunk;
medial rotation of hip
Quadriceps Femoris
Rectus Femoris Straight head- as is Patella Femoral nerve Extension of knee, hip flexion
reflected head- ilium
Vastus Lateralis Femur- base of greater Patella Femoral nerve Knee extension
trochanter
Vastus Medialis Femur- intertrochanter line Patella Femoral nerve Knee extension, stabilizes the
patella
Vastus Intermedius Femur- anterior/lateral Patella Femoral nerve Knee extension
surface of shaft
MUSCLES OF THE MEDIAL FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
Gracilis Pubis- inferior ramus Tibial- medial surface of shaft Obturator nerve Adduction of thigh; knee
Ischium- ramus flexion
Adductor Longus Pubis- body & tubercle Femur- medial lip of linea Obturator nerve Adduction of thigh; lateral
aspera rotation
Adductor Brevis Pubis inferior ramus Linea aspera Obturator nerve Adduction of thigh; lateral
rotation
Adductor Magnus Pubis- inferior ramus Adductor femur- posterior Obturator nerve Adduction of thigh; extension
Ischium- ramus Hamstring femur- medial Sciatic nerve of thigh
Ischial tuberosity codyle
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH (HAMSTRING)
Biceps Femoris LH: ischial tuberosity Head of fibula LH: Tibial portion of Flexion & lateral rotation of
SH: linea aspera sciatic nerve thigh
SH: Common peronial-
sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity Medial surface of tibial shaft Sciatic nerve Flexion of knee & medial
rotation of thigh
Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity Tibia- medial condyle Sciatic nerve Flexion & medial rotation of
thigh
Adductor Magnus Ischial tuberosity Adductor tubercle of femur Sciatic nerve Extends thigh at hip joint
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
Tibialis Anterior Tibia- upper half lateral Medial cuneiform, 1st Deep peroneal nerve Dorsiflexion of foot
surface interosseus metacarpal
membrane
Extensor Digitorum Upper 2/3 of fibula, Extensor expansion Deep peroneal nerve Extension of toes, dorsiflexion
Longus interosseus membrane (medial/distal phalanges)
calcaneum
Extensor Digitorum Calcaneum Proximal phalanx of big toe, Deep peroneal nerve Extension of toes, dorsiflexion
Brevis extensor expansion of lat. toes
Peroneus Tertius Lower ½ fibula, interosseus Medial side of dorsal aspect of
Deep peroneal nerve Eversion of foot, dorsiflexion
membrane 5th metacarpal
Extensor Hallucis Fibula- mid half, anterior Base distal phalanx of big toe
Deep peroneal nerve Extension of big toe, inversion
Longus surface of foot
MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
Peroneus Longus Upper 2/3 lateral surface of Medial cuneiform, base of 1st Superficial peroneal Plantar flexion, eversion of
fibula metacarpal nerve foot
Peroneus Brevis Lower 2/3 lateral surface of Tubercle of base of 5th Superficial peroneal Plantar flexion, eversion of
fibula metacarpal nerve foot
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
Superficial
Gastrocnemius Femur- lateral & medial Tendocalcaneus Tibial nerve Plantar flexion, knee flexion,
condyle ankle extension
Plantaris Femur- lateral Calcaneum- posterior surface Tibial nerve Plantar flexion, knee flexion
supracondylar ridge
Soleus Tibia- soleal line, posterior Tendocalcaneus Tibial nerve Plantar flexion raise- heel off
Fibula- upper ½ posterior ground in walking
Deep
Popliteal Femur- lateral condyle Tibia- posterior surface above Tibial nerve Medial rotation of tibia &
soleal line femur
Flexor Digitorum Tibia- medial part posterior Base of the distal phalanges Tibial nerve Flexion of distal phalanges
Longus surface below soleal line
Flexor Hallucis Longus Fubula- lower 2/3 posterior Base distal phalanx of big toe Tibial nerve Flexion of distal phalanx of big
surface toe
Tibialis Posterior Tibia- lateral part posterior Tuberosity- navicular bone Tibial nerve Plantar flexion, inversion of
surface, interosseus foot
membrane
Fibula- upper ½ posterior
surface
MUSCLES OF THE FOOT
1st layer
Abductor Hallucis Calcaneum Proximal phalanx of big toe Medial plantar nerve Abduction, flexion of big toe
Flexor Digitorum Calcaneum Medial border Medial plantar nerve Flexion of 4 lateral toes
Longus Middle phalanx of 4 lateral
toes
Abductor Digiti Minimi Calcaneum Proximal phalanx of 5th toe Medial plantar nerve Flexion, abduction of 5th toe
2nd layer
Quadratus Plantae Medial/lateral side of Flexor digitorum longus Lateral plantar nerve Flexion of 4 lateral toes
(Flexor Accessories) calcaneum tendon
Lumbricals Flexor digitorum longus Extensor digitorum longus 1st Medial plantar Extension of toes at IP joint
tendon tendon, proximal phalanges nerve when flexor digitorum longus,
Lateral: Lateral plantar extend toes
nerve
Flexor Digitorum
Longus Tendon
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Tendon
3rd layer
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Cuboid/lateral cuneiform Proximal phalanx of big toe Medial plantar nerve Flexion at MTP joint
Adductor Hallucis 2nd- 4th metacarpal plantar Proximal phalanx of big toe Lateral plantar nerve Flexion of MTP joint of big toe,
ligament holds MT together
Flexor Digiti Minimi Base of 5th metacarpal Lateral side of proximal Lateral plantar nerve Flexion of MTP joint of 5th toe
Brevis phalanx of 5th toe
4th layer
Interossei Dorsal (4) Metatarsal Bases of proximal phalanx Lateral plantar nerve Abduction of toes, flexion of
MTP joints, extends IP joints
Plantar (3) Metatarsal Inferior surface 3rd-5th Lateral plantar nerve Adducts toes, flexion of MTP
metacarpal joints, extension of IP joints