Mr. Francis S.

Calubayan
SHS Teacher, Del Pilar Academy
 Content Standard:
The learner will be able to understand and appreciate the
elements and contexts of 21st century Philippine literature
from the Regions.
Performance Standard:
The learner will be able to demonstrate understanding and
appreciation of 21st Century Philippine literature from the
regions through a written close analysis and critical
interpretation of a literary text in terms of form and theme, with
a description of its context derived from research.

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 Lesson 4: Week 6
• analyze figure of speech and
other literary techniques and
devices in the text; and
• appreciate the contributions of
the canonical Filipino writers to
the development of national
literature
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At the end of the lesson:
 explain the elements of language (sense, sound,
and structure) employed in reading poetry;
 apply the techniques in reading and analyzing
poetry to be able to realize the meaning of the
poem; and
 analyze the poem “The Lucky Plaza” by Dinah
Roma using the techniques in reading poetry
discussed
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Lesson 3: Week 5
What is poetry?
Reading a Poem
In-class Analysis
Poetry Analysis

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Poetry is an artistic expression of an
idea in a rhythmical pattern. It stirs the
emotions and stimulates the mind
through its metrical rhythm, musical
lines, sense impression, and language.

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Poetry speaks of experience -- beautiful or ugly,
strange or common, noble or ignoble, actual or
imaginary. It speaks of the inner need to live more
fully and have greater awareness of the
experience of others, as well as to understand
one's own better. It gives soul to a simple narration
of experience by adding more depth.

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.
Poetry achieves extra dimension
by packing more pressure into
each word and creating greater
. tension by drawing richly on
various language resources such
as connotation, imagery, symbol,
figures of speech, rhythm, and
. pattern.
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 1. Consider the type
of poem and its basic
purpose. Does it tell a
story or describe
something?

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The poem is a form of
communication between a
Persona (speaker) and an
addressee.
• Who could be speaking in
the poem?
• Who is the persona?

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NOTE: The Author (poet) is not
always the speaker (persona) in
the poem.
O you that are so strong and cold,
O blower, are you young or old?
Are you a beast of field and tree,
Or just a stronger child than me?
O wind, a-blowing all day long,
O wind, that sings so loud a song!
from The Wind, Louis Stevenson

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

 2. The persona has an addressee
who may not always be the readers.

• Who could be the addressee?

• Who is addressed by the
speaker?
• Who does the speaker talk to?
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O you that are so strong and cold,
O blower, are you young or old?
Are you a beast of field and tree,
Or just a stronger child than me?
O wind, a-blowing all day long,
O wind, that sings so loud a song!

from The Wind, Louis Stevenson

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Who is the “thee” (you) in the
stanza below?

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:

Sonnet 18, William Shakespeare

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Who or what is the “you” in the
stanza below?

Homework, I love you. I think that you’re great.

It’s wonderful fun when you keep me up late.
I think you’re the best when I’m totally stressed,
preparing and cramming all night for a test.

Homework, I Love You, Kenn Nesbitt

3. The persona talks about
someone or something.

• Who/what is the subject of the

poem?
• What does the persona talk
about?
• What does the persona
describe?
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21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Homework, I Love You
Kenn Nesbitt

Homework, I love you. I think that you’re great.

It’s wonderful fun when you keep me up late.
I think you’re the best when I’m totally stressed,
preparing and cramming all night for a test.
Homework, I love you. What more can I say?
I love to do hundreds of problems each day.
You boggle my mind and you make me go blind,
but still I’m ecstatic that you were assigned.

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Homework (Cont’d.)

Homework, I love you. I tell you, it’s true.

There’s nothing more fun or exciting to do.
You’re never a chore, for it’s you I adore.
I wish that our teacher would hand you out more.
Homework, I love you. You thrill me inside.
I’m filled with emotions. I’m fit to be tied.
I cannot complain when you frazzle my brain.
Of course, that’s because I’m completely insane.

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

4. The persona narrates or
describes a situation.

• What is the basic situation?

• What events happened in the
poem?
• What does the persona tell us?
• What does the persona
describe?
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21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
What seems to be the
situation in the poem?
O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

from Captain, My Captain, Walt Whitman

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

 5. The poet makes use of imagery to
describe the feeling or to tell the story.

• What words did the writer use

to describe the experience?
• What are the visual, aural,
tactile, gustatory and/or
olfactory images used?

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 From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
 From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

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 Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

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The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.

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 6. The poet uses figures of speech to
describe the feeling or to tell the story.

• What figure of speech is

used in the first stanza?
• How would you interpret
the figure of speech?
• What does the figure of
speech mean?
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 From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

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7. The words used by the poet help evoke certain
feelings in the readers. The words create the
mood or atmosphere.
• What feelings do the
words create?
• How do you feel upon
reading the first stanza?
• What feelings do the
words…create in us?
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8. The words also reveal the attitude or tone of
the poet toward the subject matter or topic.

• How does the poet feel about…?

• What is the tone of the poet?
• What do you think is the attitude
of the poet toward…?
• Do you think the poet is happy or
sad? What makes you think so?

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9. The poet conveys a message through the poem.
The Theme is the insight about life that writers
wish to convey through their works.

• What is the theme of the poem?

• What does the poem reveal about
the subject matter or topic?
• What does it say about…
• What is the message of the
poem?

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10. ALL the elements of the poem work together to
help develop the theme.

• To understand a poem, we
can look into how the
following elements work.
STRUCTURE
SENSE
SOUND
IMAGERY
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 .
Individual-Group Activity
Reflective Questions
Poetry Analysis
Read and understand the poem “The Lucky Plaza” by Dinah Roma and
answer the following questions to interpret the poem using formalism.
 Who is the persona, the addressee and the subject of the poem?
 What is the basic situation?
 What poetic devices did the author use to convey the message?
 Specifically, what figures of speech were used and how do these
figures help convey the message?
 What is the central message of the poem? How do the imagery,
sound, sense, and structure support the theme of the poem?
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Papango, M.C. (2021). 10 Points to Consider in
Reading a POEM

3
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