Q2 MIDTERMS WEEK 2 OCT 18-22 Literary standards

INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE  Intellectual value; Critical thinking

LITERATURE
 Oral, written, or visual literary
production containing imaginative
language that realistically portrays
thought, emotions, and experiences of
the human condition
 Inigo (1) says literature is value-addition
because it reflects everyday human
interactions of man
TWO TYPES OF LITERATURE STUDENTS (Tan, 6)
 Student A
o Makes profit from reading
o Goes beyond the surface
statements to the heart of
experience
o Values beauty of the literature;
aesthetic satisfaction
 Student B
o Does not profit from reading
o No comprehension
o Does not appreciate the
meaning of literature
 Universality; appeals to everyone
regardless of culture, race, sex, and
time
 Artistry; aesthetic appeal
 Suggestiveness; conjure emotional
power giving and making visions above
ordinary life and experience
 Spiritual value; elevates the spirit and
soul from the morals
 Permanence; timelessness
 Style; peculiar way’s on how man sees
life by formation of ideas
The need to study 21st century literature
(Isagani Cruz)
 21st century literature is meant to
ensure that all Filipino high schools
students have a good understanding of
what is happening today in the field of
literature
 SHS students are born or just before
21st century
 Something major happened on or about
December 2000

The importance of literature

 Literature provides perspective
o Puts the reader in the shoes of
a character
o Exposes the reader to the
humanity of people
 Literature helps one understand his
society and world
o A mirror of culture
o Unique experiences
o Social group
o Past
o Humanity’s wrongs and
progress
 Literature offers opportunities for
expression
o Allows to give insights
 Literature provides pleasure
o A friend to man
Q2 MIDTERMS WEEK 3 OCT 25-29 TRACING THE
DEVELOPMENT OF LITERATURE IN THE
PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD
Who
Christine Godinez-Ortega – Literary forms in
Philippine literature
Ivo Oliveira & Mithun Selvaratnam – Literature
in the 21st Century
Ashley Walton – Themes in Literature in the 21 st
Century
STORY 1 STORY 1 STORY 1 STORY 1 STORY 1
Literary forms in Philippine Literature
Pre-Colonial Times
- Filipino literature history by Spanish,
Chinese, and Arabic chroniclers
- Folk speeches, folk songs, folk
narratives, and indigenous rituals and
mimetic dances
o Riddle
o Proverbs/aphorism
o Tanaga
o Folk song
o Narrative song
o Folk Narrative
o Ethno-epics
Spanish Colonial Tradition
- Contributed much to the shaping and
recording of our literature
- Religious prose and poetry
o Salamat Nang Walang Hanga by
Fernando Bagonbata
o Meditative verse/dalit
o Pasyon
o Dialogo, manual de urbanidad,
ejemplo, tratado
- Secular prose and poetry
o Metrical romance; awit at
korido
o The Propaganda Movement by
Illustrados (El Fili, Noli)
o Ninay (1885) as first cultural
novel by Pedro Paterno
o Essay and short fiction in
Spanish (Claro M. Recto)
o The introduction of English as
medium of instruction
American Colonial Period
- Free verse in poetry
o Angela Manalang Gloria; illicit
love as a free verse topic
- Modern Short story
o Modern short story published in
Philippine Free Press
- American influence from the
establishment of English as a mode of
instruction
o American/European pop culture
influenced romance
- Literary modernism talking about the
writer’s individuality and cultivated
consciousness of craft
o Jose Garcia Villa “art for art’s
sake to the chagrin of other
writers more concerned with
the utilitarian aspect of
literature”
- Vernacular writers
o Liwayway, Bisaya, Hiligaynon,
and Bannawag vernacular
novels
- English essay as a potent medium
1920s-present (Carlos P. Romulo)
- Ignacio Manlapaz’ criticism of the
American regime
- Philippine literature in English vs New
Critical aesthetic (lifelong hatred for
vernacular writing)
- Balagtas (Virgillio S. Almario 1960’s)
Contemporary Period
 - The furthering of Philippine literature - Science fiction
1960-70s o Does not disconnect from the
- Filipino writers continue to write implementation of the Theatre
poetry, short stories, novellas, novels of the Absurd
and essays in socially committed, o Aromanticism (the departure
gender/ethnic related or personal from better man and an
topics emphasis on verbal change and
- Filipino writers become more conscious topics about world view and
of art with the proliferation of writer failures)
workshops in the country and abroad - The Cultural “I”
- Internet literature available
- Filipino writers are encouraged to STORY 3 STORY 3 STORY 3 STORY 3 STORY 3
compete with peers due to literary
awards Themes in Literature in the 21st Century
- CHED requirement of teaching
Philippine Literature in all tertiary - Contemporary writers often consciously
schools draw inspiration and ideas from writers
who have come before
1521 - Writers talk about the future to
comment on the present and evoke
 The Philippines was discovered in that introspection
year o Identity
 Marked by colonialists  Homosexuality
 Muslim and women
1960’s-1970’s rights
o History
 Nationalistic pride brought concern  History and memory as
about “Filipino identity” genres
 Human perspective
STORY 2 STORY 2 STORY 2 STORY 2 STORY 2 o Technology
 Demise of man
Literature in the 21st century  Biotech
 Human experience
- 21st century literature is described by its o Intertextuality
academic context  One among many
- Written word is more accessible  Acknowledgements and
- Death of print parallels
- Twitter/hashtags  Poking fun at
- Hypertext inconsistencies and
- Forums as niche cliches
- Interactive fiction and text-message
- Altered romanticism because there is
no belief in unity thru kinesis
- Post-9/11 literature is populist, has
cheap criticism and has topics about
terrorism, clash or binding factors
between civilizations
Midterms Q2 Week 4 Nov 3-5 MODULE 3 Repetitions
PRINCIPLES IN ANALYZING LITERARY TEXTS AND
WRITING LITERARY ANALYSIS 1. Repetition of words
2. Repetition of sentences or phrases
Analysis is the process of examining something
critically by looking at its separate parts Devices

Guidelines in approaching literary text 1. Flashback

2. Foreshadowing
1. Read the piece 3. Juxtaposition
2. Re-read with “literature goggles” 4. Symbol
3. Annotate your observations, tentative 5. Imagery
analysis, or questions in the printed a. Visual Auditory
copy of the text b. Kinesthetic
4. Write a thesis statement, or identify the c. Olfactory
theme d. Tactile
5. Back up with evidence from the text e. Gustatory
6. Comment on how the piece reflects or 6. Figures of Speech
not reflects reality a. Allusion
7. Evaluate the piece’s significance to the b. Anaphora
reader, the society and the world c. Antithesis
d. Apostrophe
Literature Goggles e. Hyperbole
f. Irony
 Form i. Situational
o Prose (expectation)
o Poetry; Sonnet, Elegy, Ode ii. Dramatic (unaware)
 Theme iii. Verbal (I like this
 Repetition movie like pooping)
 Device g. Litotes
h. Metaphor
Theme i. Metonymy
j. Oxymoron
1. Major details k. Paradox
2. May be avowed in more than one l. Personification
way m. Simile
3. Stated in complete statements n. Synecdoche
4. Asserts a sweeping statement about o. Synesthesia
life p. Understatement
5. Avoids statements that condense q. Epiphora
them to some familiar adage, r. Epistrophe
aphorism, dictum, maxim, saying, or
value.
Literary annotation obliges you to analyze
critically by reading line for line

Guide Questions in Writing a Literary Analysis

1. Subject
2. Theme
3. Tone and Mood
4. Devices
5. Style
6. Form
a. Why has this structure been
chosen?
b. How many stanzas are there?
How long are they?
c. Are there any line
breaks/caesural pause?
d. What do the pauses signify?
e. Is there a lot or little
punctuation?
f. Is there any rhyme? Why? Is it
consistent?
g. How does the rhythm affect the
meaning?
h. Does this style of poem have a
specific name?
i. How many stanzas does the
poem have?
Module 4 Q2 FINALS Principles in Analyzing o He saw the car and saw bebe
Literary Texts and Writing Literary Analysis Nov. boy with raphaela
15-19 o Fuck. Go home and rethink.
Your efforts are in fucking vain.
I Higaonon – Telesforo Sungkit Jr. (May 22, HAHA. You. Hilak gaw
2011) ahahahahha yawa ka
o He crushed em grapes. Lick em
 Pagan they aint sweet they fucken
 Savage sour FUCK YOU
 Brother o Life aint sweet, its sour as fuck.
Mostly.
Sweet Grapes, Sour Grapes – Anthony L. Tan

 https://www.scribd.com/document/
422774183/Sweet-Grapes-Sour-
Grapes-Analysis
 http://
halohaloreview.blogspot.com/
2016/07/introducing-growing-up-
filipino-stories.html
 SWEET GRAPES ARE TABLE GRAPES,
SOUR GRAPES ARE WINE GRAPES
o CASKED SOURS, THE BETTER
THEY TASTE THE OLDER THEY
BECOME. THEY INTOXICATE.
BUT SWEET GRAPES
INTOXICATE ALREADY.
o LULAL RURAL C- CONSUELO DE
BOBO
o GAYASS NIGGA. FUCK. NIGGA
NEEDA GO TO THE FUCKING
GYM TO SEE HIS CUTE BOY ASS
FUCK THIS.
o DAYDREAMING ABOUT THE
CUTEBOY ASS. CAMPUS CRUSH
PALA SI BOY
o THEY’RE COMING HIS WAY,
THEY BUMPED TO EACH
OTHER
o He brought some grapes to gift
to the boy
o They thought he’s waiting for
raphaela
o He didn’t find him so he looked
for boy. He found him asked
him 6 pm and shit somewhere
o He likes makeup
Module 4 Q2 FINALS Production of a Creative
Representation of a Literary Text Nov. 22-26

Ode to Garlic – Genevieve Mae Aquino, Oct. 16

2016

Sayal – Ton Daposala, 2018

Marawi – Jaime An Lim, 2017

Tiny Stolen Moments – Iryne Kaamino, May 9

2010

Ways of Dying – Anthony Tan, 2019