Dental CAD/CAM technology

CAD/CAM technology

Scanner
- digital impression of the
prepared teeth
Software – CAD
- digital cast on the screen

- virtual design of the model

Milling unit – CAM
- computer aided milling unit
(cnc)
- grinding process
 Application of science to dentistry
CAD/CAM made it possible to work with a new generation
of hard ceramics in dentistry. These materials cannot be
cast so therefore must be machined. In order to machine
something a cutting path is required. The cutting path is
generated from digital scanned data.

■ SCAN THE OBJECT

■ CREATE DIGITAL DATA POINTS

■ GENERATE CUTTING PATH

■ MACHINE REPLICA OBJECT

 CAD/CAM technology
What is dental CAD/CAM?
Dental CAD/CAM is the process by which the model of a prepared tooth is scanned. This data is
then used to generate the coping design (CAD) which in turn is used to generate a cutting path for
manufacturing the coping (CAM).
Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) in restorative dentistry
can be used to:
■ Reduce production time for copings and frameworks; increasing overall productivity
■ Introduce consistent and measurable accuracy
■ Provide evidence of product quality

■ Scanner
- digital impression of the prepared teeth
■ Software – CAD
- digital cast on the screen

- virtual design of the model

■ Milling unit – CAM
- computer aided milling unit (cnc)
- grinding process
■ Non-contact sensor: ■ Contact sensor:
optical: laser point, mechanical
laser stripe, white
light, fotogrammetry
Frameworks zirconium-dioxide
 CAD/CAM methods
■ In clinic - the dentist purchases an intra-oral scanner, the cutting machine and the
consumable materials. All the work is done by the dentist at the clinic. Mainly
suitable for full crowns, inlays and onlays.

■ In lab - the laboratory purchases a scanner, cutting machine and consumables. The
dentist sends the patient's impressions and prescription to the lab. The lab scans
models of the prepared teeth, designs the restoration and machines the restoration.

■ Centralised machining - in this situation the lab purchases or leases a scanner only.
Again, the dentist sends the patient's impressions and prescription to the lab. The
lab scans models of the prepared teeth and designs the coping and then sends this
data off to an external machining centre. The machined coping is returned to the lab
for veneerig.

■ Centralised scanners and machining - the laboratory sends the model away to the
external centre to be scanned. The coping is also designed and machined at the
external centre. The model and coping are sent back to the lab for veneering.
Procera-
Centralised machining

Stockholm/ Sweeden
■ Making a sectioned cast in the
lab
■ Scanning the die and the cast
■ CAD-data sent to central
machining center (checking)
■ Milling starts in 19 minutes
■ Copings (hand) packed and
mailed
■ delivered within 5 days
■ First patient 1985 (1994)
Katana-Centralised machining

Semmelweis Laboratory
Everest-in lab
• Scan-
Measuring
unit

• Engine-
Milling and
grinding unit

• Therm-
Sintering
unit

• Elements-
Materials
Software User interface
Light beam projection

15 projection
sequences

The rotary plate

moves on its vertical
and horizontal axis
during this process
CAD- Software

The
preparation
limit is
automatically
detected
Design
Decision guidance

Form of margins

Juncture region
Metal margin
Framework thickness
■ 3-D virtual view of the occlusion on the screen
■ The distances between occlusion and framework
construcion are shown with different colours.
■ Easy, quick and safe design of frameworks in connection
with the virtual wax knife.
Design
Virtual wax knife
- Can be used to process the virtual framrwork in three dimensions on th
screen
- Precise addition or removal of virtual material enables quick and precis
waxing
Design

Cantilever bridge Bridge for veneering

CAM Engine
5-axis technology
Ensures secure milling of
undercuts
• The wide degree of
freedom during the
milling process
enables complex
geometry
• Engine speed
5.000 – 80.000 min-1
Engine
Simultaneously controlled 5-axis
technology
Thin crown margins and best
marginal fit
The wide degree of freedom during
the milling process enables complex
geometry
Engine speed
5.000 – 80.000 min-1
Cerec-in clinic
■ Intraoral scanning-no impression
■ Digaital images of tooth and opposing arch
CAD and CAM
Milling the crown
20 minutes chairside
Thank You for Your
Attention!