LESSON 13 - solving differential equation 5/18/2020

using LAPLACE TRANSFORM

Solving differential equations using Laplace Transform

MATHEMATICS SECTION
UNIKL MFI

Solving differential equations using Laplace Transform

By the end of this lesson, the students will be able to

Start with a This produced
Use the Laplace
Differential Transform
an Algebraic
• Solve initial-value problems using the Laplace transform method Equation Equation

Solution to the Solve the

Use the inverse
Differential Laplace Transform
Algebraic
Equation Equation

Worked Example Take Laplace transform of every term in the continue …

Solving using Laplace Transforms differential equation.
Solve the following initial
~value problem
L{ y ' }  2 L{ y }  12 L{ e3 t }
dy
 2y  12 e3 t Apply the formula for Laplace transform of the first
dt derivatives
given y(0)  3
s L{ y }  y(0)  2 L{ y }  12 L{ e3 t }
Reminder!!
(s  2) L{ y }  3  12  1 
dy From table of
 y' ( t )  y' Laplace transform
dt s3
y  y( t )

NBB / MATHEMATICS SECTION / UNIKL MFI 1

LESSON 13 - solving differential equation 5/18/2020
using LAPLACE TRANSFORM

continue … Partial Fraction continue …

3s  3 A B
 
(s  3)(s  2) (s  3) (s  2)
3s  3  A(s  2)  B(s  3)

Inverse Laplace
transform

Worked Example Solve the following initial value problem continue … given y(0)  0 , y' (0)  0
Solving using Laplace Transforms
s L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0)  2 ( s L{ y }  y(0) )  2 L{ y }  L { e  t }
2 2
~ dy dy
Reminder!! 2  2y  e  t given y(0)  0 , y' (0)  0
d2 y dt 2 dt
 y' ' ( t )  y' ' s2 L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0)  2s L{ y }  2y(0)  2 L{ y }  L { e  t }
dt 2

Take Laplace transform of every term in the differential equation.

L { y ' ' }  2 L{ y ' }  2 L { y }  L { e  t }

Apply the formula for Laplace transform of the second and first derivatives

s2 L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0)  2 ( s L{ y }  y(0) )  2 L{ y }  L { e  t }

continue … Inverse Laplace continue …

transform

 y( t )  L1  
1 1
L{ y }    1 
(s  1)(s2  2s  2)  (s  1)(s  2s  2) 
2
y( t )  L1  
 (s  1)(s  2s  2) 
2
Partial
1 A Bs  C Fraction
 
(s  1)(s2  2s  2) ( s  1) (s2  2s  2)
irreducible
1  A(s2  2s  2)  (Bs  C)(s  1)

NBB / MATHEMATICS SECTION / UNIKL MFI 2

LESSON 13 - solving differential equation 5/18/2020
using LAPLACE TRANSFORM

Worked Example Solve the following initial value problem continue … given y (0)  1 , y '(0)  2
Solving using Laplace Transforms
~ dy2
dy s L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0) 10( s L{ y }  y(0) ) 9 L{ y }  5L{ t }
2
Reminder!!  10 + 9y = 5t given y(0)  1 , y '(0)  2
dt 2 dt
d2 y
 y' ' ( t )  y' ' s2 L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0) 10s L{ y }  10y (0) 9 L{ y }  5L{ t }
dt 2

Take Laplace transform of every term in the differential equation.

L{ y ' ' } 10 L{ y ' } 9 L{ y }  L{ 5t }

Apply the formula for Laplace transform of the second and first derivatives

s2 L{ y }  s y(0)  y' (0) 10( s L{ y }  y(0) ) 9 L{ y }  5L{ t }

continue … Partial fraction decomposition …

5  s 3  12s 2 A B C D
5  s  12s
3 2
   
s 2  s  9  s  1 s s 2 s  9 s  1
(s 2  10s  9) L{ y } 
s2
5  s 3  12s 2  As  s  9  s  1  B  s  9  s  1  Cs 2  s  1  Ds 2  s  9 

 5  s 3  12s 2  1  50 5 31 2 
L1  2 L   2   
 s  s  9  s  1   81s 9s 81 s  9  s  1

50 5 31
y( t )  + t + e9t  2et
81 9 81

NBB / MATHEMATICS SECTION / UNIKL MFI 3