Basic Chemistry & Applied Chemistry Notes for all Competitive Exams - Part II

 Nylon, Polyethylene and Teflon are the thermoplastic polymers.

 The volume of a given mass of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely
with the pressure.
 Plutonium is not found in nature and it is man-made.
 Methyl alcohol is not used for marking alcoholic beverages.
 The chief chemical constituent of petroleum is hydrocarbons.
 Ionic bond is formed when a metallic element reacts with a non-metallic element.
 Calcium is most suited for a photoelectric cell.
 The chemical name of calomel is mercuras chloride (Hg2Cl2).
 In an ordinary dry cell electrolyte is Ammonium chloride.
 Radioactive nucleus cannot emit proton.
 Zinc oxide is called the flower of zinc.
 To make the glass hard. Some KCl is added to it.
 Lead of a pencil is made of graphite.
 The gas used in refrigerators is ammonia.
 The acid used in Lead-storage batteries is sulphuric acid.
 α-rays are basically Helium nuclei.
 Fly ash from thermal plants can be profitably used to make bricks and pre-cast
blocks.
 Stainless steel resists rusting as it contains a high proportion of chromium to
carbon.
 Permanent hardness of water i.e. due to Calcium sulphate. Which can be
eliminated by using zeolites.
 Cysteine (an amino acid) contains sulphur.
 Cooking is quicker in a pressure cooker because it increases bailing point of
water.
 Chemical fertilizers contain nitrogen potassium and phosphorus.
 The charcoal, used to declourise raw sugar is animal charcoal.
 Kinetics is the rate at which chemical reactions proceed.
 Iron sheets are galvanized to prevent corrosion by coating them with a layer of
zinc.
 Inert Gases cannot be easily changed by chemical reactions.
 The deposition of one metal on another by electric current is known as
electroplating.
 An element which burns to give an oxide which is gaseous under ordinary
condition is carbon.
 Elements having atomic numbers higher than 92 in the periodic tables.
 The molecular weight of element or a compound is the number of times one
molecule of it is as heavy as one atom of hydrogen.
 Oxy-acetylene flame has the maximum temperature.
 The atoms of the same element combine to form the covalent bonds.
 Thorium is extracted from the monazite sand.
 The property of metals capable of being drawn into wires known as ductility.
 Copper sulphare and Bordeaux mixture are used as fungicides.
 Cobalt, Nickel and Iron Ore Magnetic in nature.
 Under the normal condition a peeled banana is a plastic.
 The reagent that bleaches the colour of a fabric is sulphur dioxide.
 Tyndall effect would be observed in a cottoidal solution.
 On Earth's crust, the most abundant element is oxygen.
 Gasoline is the name given to the same substance as petrol.
 Duralium contains 95% aluminium.
 Ordinary hydrogen has excess of H-atoms.
 A breeder reactor is that which produces more fissionable material than it burns.
 The acid generally stored in batteries is sulphuric acid.
 Eudiometer is to measure volume change in chemical reactions between gases.
 Nitrogen in the air litutes oxygen which is very reactive in pure form.
 The permanent hardness of water can be removed by adding washing soda to
some extent, but it can completely be removed by adding zeolites.
 Ordinary hydrogen has excess of + atoms.
 In fermentation there is invariably the formation of ethyl alcohol.
 Bromine is a red liquid.
 A gas will behave as an ideal gas at very low pressure and high temperature.
 Silver is not significantly affected by atmospheric moisture and oxygen.
 Exhaled hair when bubbled through lime water turns milky because it contains
CO2.
 Water is most easily changed into the solid or gaseous phase from its natural
phase at room temperature.
 Hydrogen has the same atomic number and atomic weight.
 The pH-value of solution obtained by the complete neutralization of HCl and
NaOH solution will exactly be 7.
 Avogadro’s Law is applicable to gases only.
 Asbestos is a fibrous silicate mineral mainly of Ca and Mg.
 In general, the solubility of a solid in a liquid can be increased by increasing
temperature.
 Dry ice at room temperature gives CO2 gas.
 Potassium reacts most readily with water.
 Protons has properties similar to that of both particles waves.
 Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen by weight in the ratio of 2:16.
 A balloon filled with hydrogen gas can raise upto the height. Where the density of
air becomes equal to the average density of balloon filled with hydrogen.
 Gun metal is made from tin and copper.
 Fibre gas is used for insulating stoves and refrigerators.
 Detergents produce lather with hard water because the calcium and magnesium
salts of sulphuric acids once soluble in water.
 The function of a moderator in nuclear reactor is to slow down the secondary
neutrons.
 In electrolysis electrical energy is charged to chemical energy.
 An element cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by any known
chemical process.
 The term Octane number is related to petrol.
 Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis.
 In the process of enameling utensils a metal utensil is covered with a layer of
Molten glass.
 The soft-smooth feel of the skin after using shaving lotion is due to the presence
of alcohol.
 Silver halides are used in photographic plates because they are readily reduced
by light.
 Vinegar is prepared by the fermentation of apple cider in presence of air.
 Manometer is an instrument to determine the pressure of the gas.
 Urea can be manufactured by NH28CO2
 Mordants are substance that fix colours on fabrics.
 A piece of bread when chewed tastes sweet because Saliva's action converts
starch into Maltose.
 The principal components of biogas are CH4 and CO.
 Atmospheric temperature increases with elevation due to convection.
 Deuterium (4H2) differs from hydrogen in physical properties only.
 The temperature at which a sample may exist in all three phases in equilibrium is
called triple point.
 Boson (an elementary from of matter) have the tendency to stay in its ground
state.
 The height of the liquid in a barometer tube depends on the pressure of the
atmosphere and nature of the liquid.
 The only metal which exists as liquid at room temperature is Mercury.
 The commonly used refrigerant in fridges is Freon i.e, CFCs.
 Pyrex glass is resistant to heat.
 The main use of salt in the diet is to produce hydrochloric acid to digest the food.
 A ductile Material can permanently be stretched without fracture and a malleable
material can permanently be composed without fracture.
 A greenish - yellow colour is seen once hard-boiled egg due to the formation of
some iron compounds.
 Sodium carbonate does not make water hard, because the sodium salts of higher
fatty acids are water-soluble.
 Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis.
 The transfer of electron is seen in electrovalence.
 Calcination involves the change of metals into their oxides.