29 (2005.10.30).

1)

‘ ’ *

Ahn Kyunghwa Yang Myunghee, 2005. 10. 30. Teaching Methods of the
Korean Adnominal marker ‘ui’ for Japanese KFL Learners. Bilingual
Research 29, 195-223. The aim of this paper is to present how to teach the
Korean adnominal marker ‘ui’ to Japanese KFL learners more effectively. The
learner corpus made by Japanese KFL learners shows lots of erroneous ‘ui’ like
addition of ‘ui’, deletion of ‘ui’ and substitution of ‘ui’. These errors largely
derive from complicated usages of the Korean adnominal marker ‘ui’ as well as
interferences of Japanese correspondent ‘no’. To fully understand what makes
Japanese learners difficult to master Korean ‘ui’, we deal with characteristic
properties of Korean adnominal marker ‘ui’, the similarities and differences of
Korean ‘ui’ and Japanese ‘no’, and the types of ‘ui’ errors which Japanese
learners make. Based on the results of the above analyses, we present teaching
methods of Korean adnominal marker ‘ui’ for Japanese KFL learners.(Seoul
National University The National Institute of Korean Language).

[Key words] adnominal marker( ), contrastive analysis( ),

error analysis( ), interference( ), Japanese KFL learners
( ), teaching methods( )

* 2002 (KRF-
2002-074-AM 1058) .
1.

‘ ’
‘ / ’, ‘ / ’, ‘ / ’ .1)
‘ ’
‘ ’
‘ ’
. (2002:138~139)
‘ ’
2.6% , 4.7%( , 2002)
.
‘ ’
( , 2002:143)2), ‘ ’
( , 2004).
‘ ’ ,
.3)
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ,
, 4)

. ‘ ’
,

1) 1,531,966
(2002: 1185) , ‘ ’ 72,437
, 112,799 ‘ / ’, 83,424 ‘ / ’,
80,954 ‘ / ’ .
2) ‘* ’
, ‘* ’ ‘ ’
. 3. .
3) 3. 4.1. .
4) (2003: 100-101, 109), (1988): 151-152) 2. .
 .5) ‘ ’
‘ ’ .
‘ ’ ,
‘ ’
.
‘ ’
(2002), (2002), (2003), (2004), (2004),
(2004) ,
‘ ’ , ‘ ’
.
‘ ’ (1988), (2003) , ‘ ’
,
‘ ’
.
, ‘ ’

. ‘ ’
, ‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
‘ ’ ,
‘ ’ .

5) (2005:185~186) ‘ ’
, , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, .
2. ‘ ’ ‘ ’

2.1 ‘ ’

‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ ’ ‘ ’ , (1937)
‘ ’ ‘ ’
( , 1984),
( · , 1984:101), ( , 1996:890~891)
.
‘ ’

‘ ’
. (1984) ‘ ’ 6) ‘ ’
‘ ’
.
‘ ’ - 7),

- , , ‘ ’
‘ ’ .
- N1
‘ ’ ,8) - 9) N1

6) (1984:223) ‘ ’ ‘N2 N1 ’
.
7) - N1 N2 [+common, -count, ±abstract]
‘ ’
( , 1984).
( ) , ,
8) ‘ ’ ‘ ’ .
 (2) ‘ ’ .

(1) . (* )10)
. (* ), (* )
(2) (* ), (* )

N1
‘ ’ .11)

(3) (* )12), (* )

‘ ’ ‘ ’
N2 ‘ ’ .

(4) . ,
. ,

9) - N1[+count, -animate] + N2[+count, ±animate, -human]

‘ ’ ( , 1984).
( ) , ,
10) N1 ‘ ’ ‘ ’
. ‘ ’ ,
‘ ’
. N1 N2 N1
‘ ’ N2 .(
/* , /* )
11) ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ .
12) ‘ ’
. ‘ , ’ ‘ , ’
‘ ’
.
(4 ) (4 ) (1984) (4 ) N2
‘ , ’ ‘ ’
.
‘ ’ < > 22
. ‘ ’ ‘ ’
.

< 1. ‘ ’ >

- ( )
( ) , ( ) , ( )
-
, ( )
( ) , ( )
- ( ) ( ) , ( )
( ) , ( ) ,
( )-
( ) , ( )
- ( ) , ( )
- ( ) , ( ) , ( )

( )
-
( ) , ( ) , ( )
- ,
 < 2. ‘ ’ >

-
(* ), (*
N1
), (* )

- N1
, ,
N2 [+common, -count, ±abstract]

- N1 (* ),
(* )
-
N1[+count, -animate] , ,
+N2[+count, ±animate, -human]
N1
(* ), (* )

‘ ’ ,
- , , ,
- , ,
- , ,
45kg
‘ + ’ , , ...
‘ ’ ( ) ,

( )
NP
80
NP ‘ ’

‘ ’ (5) N1 N2 NP
‘ ’ .13)

13) ‘N1+N2’ ‘ , , ’
N1 N2 NP N1 N2 ‘ ’
.
 (5) . ->
. ->
. ->

2.2 ‘ ’ ‘ ’

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ ’ ‘ ’
14) .
‘ ’ , ,
, ‘ ’
‘ ’ ‘ ’ .
< 3> .
(2003: 100-101, 109), (1988: 151-152)
.

( ) ,
14) ‘ ’ (1) , (2) ,
(3) , (4) , (5) , (6) , (7)
, (8) , (9) , (10) , (11) , (12) ,
(13) , (14) , (15) , (16) , (17) , (18)
, (19) , (20) , (21) , (22) ,
, (5) ‘ ( ) ’ ‘ ’
, ‘ ( ) ’ ‘ ( ) ’ ‘ ( ) ’, ‘
( ) ’ , (6) ‘ ’ ‘ ( ) ’ ‘
( ) ’ ‘ ( ) ’ ‘ / φ’
. ‘ ’
‘ ’ .
 < 3. ‘ ’ ‘ ’ >

2.1. < 2> .

( ) 2.1. < 1> . ( )
( ,
φ
, , )
/ ( )

/
( )
( , )

( )

‘ ’ ‘ ’
. < 3> ‘ ’ ‘ ’,
‘( )’, ‘φ’ ,
‘ ’ ‘( )’ .15)
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘φ’
‘ ’ .
, ‘ ’ .
(6) , ‘ ’
‘ ’ .

15) ( / ( ) ), (
/ ( ) ), ( / ( ) ),
(10 /10 ( ) ), ( / ( ) ), (
/ ( ) ), ( / ( ) ),
( / ( ) )
‘ ’ .
. ‘ 3 ’ ‘
3 ’ .
 (6) .
.

3. ‘ ’

117,232 16)

. ‘ ’ 17) 6
.
.

3.1

‘ / ,’ ‘ / ,’ ‘ ,’ ‘ / ’ ‘ ’
. ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ,
‘ / ,’ ‘ / ,’ ‘ ,’ ‘ /
’

16) .
< 4. >
(token) (type)
1 168 12,551 5,166
26,701
2 108 14,150 6,721
3 78 11,035 5,259
38,564
4 169 27,529 11,112
5 192 22,865 10,010
51,967
6 172 29,102 12,316
17) .
< 5. >
1 2 3 4 5 6
5 15 10 7 3 48 88
 .
> > > .
‘ ’
‘ ’ ,
.

(7) 1: ‘ / ’ ‘ ’
. ,
TV .(3 )
.
.(6 )

(8) 2: ‘ ’ ‘ ’
. 6 11 .(3 )
. .(5 )

(9) 3: ‘ / ’ ‘

.(6 )

(10) 4: ‘ ( )’ ‘
.
1975 1 6 .(6 )
. ,
.(6 )

‘ / ’ ‘ ’
(7)
.18)

18) ‘ (2 )’ ‘ ’
. ‘ ’
,
 3.2

‘N1+N2’ , ‘N1 N2’ ‘ ’

. ‘ ’ ‘ ’
.
N1 N2 (11), (12), (13), (14) ‘
, , , ’ ‘ ’
‘N1+N2’ . (15), (16) N1
N2 ‘ +N’ ‘N1+N2’ .

(11) 1: +
. .(1 )
. , .(2 )

(12) 2: N+ 19)

.(4 )

(13) 3: N+ (‘ ’ )
. TV
.(6 )
. .(2 )

(14) 3: N+ N
.(2 ) ( )

. (7)
.
19) N+ ‘ , , ,
, , , ’
.
 (15) 4: N+ N+
,
,
.(4 )

(16) 5: N+ N+

.(6 )

(17) 6: +N
. (6
)
.
...(6 )

3.3

‘N N’ ‘N+N’ ‘
’ . 2.1 ‘ ’
, (18) (22) ‘ ’
.20)

(18) 1:
. .(2 )
. .

.(6 )

(19) 2: -
,

20) (18) ‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ , ’ .
 .(6 )

(20) 3:
. ?(6 )

(21) 4: -

.(6 )

(22) 5: N+ ( )

(6 )

(22) ‘N+ ’ ‘ ’
, ‘ ’

(23) 6: N+N+N
. .

.(6 )
. .(6 )

(23) (24) ‘NP N’ ‘N NP’

.

(24) 7: +N+N
. .(1 )
.
.(6 )
 (25) ‘ ’
. ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ,
‘ ’ ‘ ’
.

(25) 8
.
.(3 )
. 13

.(6 )

3.4

, NP
, ‘ ’ .

(26) N+N
. .(5 )
. .(6 )

(26) ‘ ’
‘ ’ ,
‘ ’ ‘ ’
, ‘ ’ .21)
.

21) ‘ ’
‘N+N’ . ‘ ’
.
 (27) NP
.
.(3 )
.

.(4 )

(27)
‘ ’ NP N .
(28) (28)
‘ ’ (29)
.

(28) N+N+N ‘ ’
. ?(4 )
.
“ ”
“ ” .(6 )

(29) , ‘ ’
.22)

(29) ‘ + ’
.
.(3 )( )
. 88
.(6 )( 88 )

22) (29) (29)

. ‘ ’
.
4. ‘ ’

‘ ’ , ‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
. ‘ ’
, ‘ ’
.

4.1 ‘ ’

‘ ’
.

23) ‘ ’ ‘ ’
. (33) ‘ ’
‘possessive particle’ , ‘a genitive case or a possessive
relation’ .

(33) . is a possessive particle. It is attached to a noun or pronoun and it

indicates that whatever follows is a possession of that noun or pronoun.
In ordinary usage, the particle can be pronounced as [e] in standard

23)
‘ ’ .
( ) . .
.
( ) -Youngsook Kim’s friend -Youngsook Kim’s friend
-Chulsoo’s teacher -Chulsoo’s teacher
( )-my book(my book) ( )-my book(my book)
 speech, (my) and (your) are frequently contracted to and
.
. This particle represents a genitive case or a possessive relation. It is
attached to the preceding noun and modifies the following noun.

‘ ’ ‘
, , ,

’
( , 2001; , 1997 ).
‘ ’ ,
‘ ’
.

4.2 ‘ ’

‘ ’ ‘ ’
.

4.2.1 ‘ ’

‘ ’ ‘ ’
, .
‘ ’
,
.
4.1 ‘ ’ ,
‘ ’
 .

.24)
(2005) 541,491
, (2005:185-186)
‘ ’ .

< 6. ‘ ’ >

359 57
267 54
259 36
231 24 1/3
170 15
110 5 8
94 8
78 8
76 1
68

* .

‘ ’
.

24) ‘S- / S’ ‘ , , ( )’
.
 .
‘ ’ ‘ ’
. , ‘ ’
, ,
, ‘ ,
, , , ’
, ‘ ’
‘ , , ’
.

25),

. ,
‘N N’, ‘N( ) N’, ‘N N’

. < 7> ‘ ’ .

< 7. ‘ ’ >

- N+N .
- , ,
- ,
‘ ’
N+N - , ,
, ,
,
N+ N
- / /

25) , ‘S / / ’ .
 - ( )
N( ) N - ( ) -‘ ’
- ( ) - ‘ ’
- ( )

-
N N -
-‘ ’
-
-

N+NP -
-N NP ‘ ’ .
/ NP+N -

‘ ’ ‘N+N’, ‘N( ) N’, ‘N N’ ,

,
.
‘N+N’, ‘N( ) N’, ‘N N’
. ‘N+N’

. ,
(34) , (35)

,
.

(34) . , , ,
. .

(35) . N / / / /
, , , ,
. N / N / / / / -
 .
.

(36) N+N
. , , , 10 12
. , , ,

‘N+N’ ‘ ’

. (36) , ‘ ’

.
‘N( ) N’ (37) ‘N+N’
‘ ’
.
‘N( ) N’
,
. (37 ) (37 )
, . ‘ ’
‘N( ) N’ , (38) ‘ ’
.

(37) N( ) N
. ( ) , ( ) , ( ) , ( )
. ( ) , ( ) , ( )

(38) , ,

‘N N’
, .
 , (39) - ‘ ’
‘ + +N’ ‘ ’
‘ N ’ ‘ ’
‘N N’ .

(39) N
, , , , , ,

(40) N N
. ,
. ,
. , ,
. 45kg , 5
. ,

‘N N’
. - , , -
‘N-( ) N’ ‘N+N’ ‘N N’

, ‘N N’ ‘ ’
. (40 ) ‘
’ , (40 ) ‘ - ’
, (40 ) ‘ - ’ , (40 )
, (40 ) ‘ + ’ .
‘NP N’ ‘N NP’
. ‘N( ) N’ N NP ‘ ’
. (41)
.
 (41) N NP, NP N
. ,
. , ,

‘N N’ ‘S’
.
. ‘N N’
, ‘S’ ‘ ‘ ’ ‘N N’
. (42 ) (43 ) ‘ ‘ ’
‘N N’ .

(42) .
.

(43) .
.

‘ ’ ‘ ’
. < 8> ‘ ’
.
‘ ’
, .
,
‘ ’ ,

.
 < 8. ‘ ’ >
‘ ’
N VP+N *
N+E N - , - , -
N N N *

< 8>
, ‘ ’
‘ ’
. (44 ), (45 ) (46 )
(44 ), (45 ) (46 )
‘ ’ .

(44) .
.
(45) .
.
(46) .
.

4.2.2 ‘ ’ ‘ ’

‘ ’
, ‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ ’ . ‘ ’
, , , ‘ ’
,
‘ ’ < 9>
 .

< 9. ‘ ’ ‘ ’ >

( ) ( )
φ

, ‘ ’ ‘ ’, ‘( )’, φ < 9> ,

‘ ’, ‘( )’, φ 4.2.1. ‘N N’
, ‘N( ) N’ , ‘N-N’ . ‘ ’ ‘ / ,
/ , ’ < 9>
‘ ’
. , (47 ), (48 ) (49 ) (47 ),
(48 ) (49 ) ‘ ’ ‘ / , / ,
’ .

(47) .
.(6 )
.
(48) .
 .(6 )
.
(49) . ,
.(6 )
.

5.

‘ ’
‘ ’ ‘ ’
, ‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ ’ ‘ , ( ), φ, / , / , / , ’
, ,
.
‘ ’ , ‘ ’
‘ ’ , ‘ ’
.
, ‘ ’ ‘ ’
. ‘ ’ ‘N+N , N( ) N
, N N , N+NP/NP+N ’ NP
.
, ‘ ’ .
‘ ’
, , ‘ , ,
, , ’ , ‘ ’
‘ ,
, ’
 . ‘ ’
, ,
.
, ‘ ’
, ‘ ’ ‘ ’
‘ ’ .
, ‘ ’

.
‘ ’
,

< >

(1984). “{ } .” 5. . : , 161~228.
(1987). “{ } .” 12 . , 248~260.
(2004). “ .” 15-1.
. 1~31.
· (1984). . : .
(2001). . : .
(2003). “ .”
118 . , 403~425.
(2004). “ .”
123 . 471~492.
 (2004). “ .” 15, 329~352.
(2003). “ .” 22 .
, 241~269.
(2000). . 高橋太 郞 . : .
(2002). 1 . .
(2002). .
.
(1997). . .
(2002). . .
(2005). .
.
(2002). . 2002
.
(1993). . : .
(1988). . .
油谷幸利(2003). 日韓對照言語學入門 . 白帝社.
Dulay, Burt & Krashen(1982). Language two. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lennon, Paul(1991). “Error: Some problems of definition, identification, and
distinction.” Applied Linguistics 12, pp.180~196.

(Ahn, Kyunghwa)

02-880-8555 / tilri29@snu.ac.kr

(Yang, Myunghee)

02-2669-9722 / yangmh1@hanmail.net

2005. 8. 30.
2005. 10. 4.