LC physical properties

a. Optical properties
b. Dielectric constant
c. Elastic constant

Lecture 3

Twisted Nematic LC Cell

3-1
Monochromatic Plane Wave

Optical anisotropy

ne (n//)
(director)

no (n )

3-2
 Bireferingence (雙折射)

Optical Retardation (光程差)

ne (n//)

no (n )

3-3
 7

Dielectric constant 

3-4
 9

10

3-5
 Operation Principles (PA cell)

11

Electrostatic Energy
二個具電壓差之平行導板間存有電場，液晶樣品介於二個平行導
板間。一般而言，單位體積之電能可寫成:

em

    
 D    E   // E //    E  (    // )( E  nˆ ) nˆ

Letting  be the angle between the director and the z axis, we can
express z component of the displacement field vector as E
 //

 
Thus the electrostatic energy can be written

em
12

3-6
E E (面積A, 厚度d)

(before) (after)
i：initial dielectric constant f：initial dielectric constant

U em  12  f E 2  12  i E 2

13

Q  D  A  ( f   i ) E  A
V Q
  ( f   i ) E 2
Ad

U em  12  i E 2  12  f E 2
14

3-7
 Elastic Constants

15

Rotational Viscocity

16

3-8
Surface Alignment

17

Rubbing

18

3-9
 Pre-Tilt Angle

19

Liquid Crystal Properties

20

3-10
 Elastic Energy Density

Uel

21

Divergence and Curl of a vector

22

3-11
 E

x y

U
23

U
24

3-12
U=? (Homework )

25

26

3-13
 27

HomeWork #2
2

28

3-14