READING AND WRITING

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the

Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks in this module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities in
this module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let’s Learn

After going through this module, you are expected to:

● identify the different patterns of written text across disciplines; specifically,
exemplification - classification text,
● appreciate reading an exemplification - classification text, and
● write an exemplification - classification text.

Let’s Try

Directions: Identify the thing/s being described in each number. Choose your
answers from the items inside the box below. Write them on a separate sheet of
paper.
You may also answer this test online by following this link
https://forms.gle/B2FcDN8yyiBo4iCfA

criterion category subtopic classification example

completeness consistency exclusiveness illustration fact
opinion anecdotes thesis statement observation detail

1. It is a method of distributing things into groups or categories to organize

them.
2. It is the representation of a certain class or object like a dog as a kind of pet.
3. It pertains to the parallel similarities between or among the divisions.
4. It means no overlapping between or among the items divided.
5. It means that there are no important parts omitted in the division.
6. It is the visual representation of a concept or an idea.
7. These are brief narratives in a piece of writing that have relevance to the
topic.
8. Concept and ideas that are assumed to be true.
9. It is the interpretation of a person on a certain event, idea, concept, etc.
10.It uses descriptions that are appealing to the senses.
11.A class or division of people or things with shared characteristics.
12.It is a topic that is part of a broader topic.
13.It entails analyzing the smallest part.
14.It is a principle on which something may be decided.
15.It is a part of the introduction that has the main idea of the text.

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 Let’s Recall

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.

1. Are all social-media platforms the same? If not, list the types of social media
platforms that you know and their features.
2. What social-media platforms do you use? Why do you use them?
3. If you were to make a new social-media platform what would be its features?

Criteria are set of principles or standards that one sets to decide or judge something.
A person sets criteria to choose from a plethora of choices in order to organize them
and arrange them in certain categories. For instance, a student reviewing for his/her
examination may set criteria to categorize the topics according to their importance,
length, and complexity, so he/she will not get confused and waste his/her time and
effort review random topics.

Lesson
Classification-exemplification Text
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Let’s Explore
Directions: The diagram below shows the classification of the three main parts of
an essay. Supply the needed information on each number and provide details to
complete the diagram. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Essay
1._________________ 2._________________ 3._________________
____ ____ ____
Details: Details: Details:

a. ________________ a. ________________ a. ________________

b.________________ b.________________ b.________________

c.________________ 4
c.________________ c._________________
 Let’s Elaborate

Classification is the method by which one distributes things into groups, classes or
categories to make writing more orderly and systematized. On the other hand,
Exemplification is the method of providing examples and illustrations in order to
further clarify or explain a concept or subject matter. Classification and
Exemplification go hand-in-hand and can be used to explain a complex and messy
topic.

How to Identify a Classification-Exemplification Text?

● First, it focuses on one complex and messy subject.
● Second, it gives clear categories to divide the topics into several subtopics to
make it more understandable.
● Third, it gives examples to support and to highlight the distinguishing
features of the subject among others.

Principles in Classifying
A. Consistency – making parallel similarities between or
among the divisions.

Schools are centers that cater quality education to

their students, and there are plenty of them to
choose from. They can be categorized as either
public, private religious, private non- religious or alternative.

B. Exclusiveness – no overlapping between or among the item divided and

classified.

Public schools are funded by the government. Private religious schools are
based around a particular faith such as Catholicism and not funded by the
government. Private non-religious schools are not funded by the government

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 and can set their own rules. Alternative schools offer programs such as
Montessori and technical.

C. Completeness – no important part is omitted in the writing.

There are twelve tenses of verb in the English grammar that have their
respective functions and timelines. The three main verb tenses- present,
past and future are divided into four aspects: the simple, progressive, perfect
and perfect- progressive.

Techniques in Supporting Claims through

Exemplification

A. Visual Illustrations - appeal to the sense of sight.

For a concrete example, read the paragraph, How

does High Population Density Affect the
Behavior of Mice?, in this link: https://aso-resources.une.edu.au/academic-
writing/paragraphs/for-an-illustration/.

B. Facts - concepts, ideas and statements that are assumed true, real and/or
existing.

Example: Water cycle has several phases that includes evaporation,

condensation, and precipitation. Evaporation happens when the water is
heated and becomes vapor. Condensation happens when the vapor gathers,
cools down, and becomes liquid again. Precipitation happens when the
condensed vapor becomes heavy and pours down back to the ocean.

C. Anecdotes - brief narratives within a piece of writing.

Example: Two little mice fell in a bucket of cream. The first mouse quickly
gave up and drowned. The second mouse, wouldn’t quit. He struggled so
hard that eventually he churned cream into butter and crawled out. (Parkes
& Spielberg, 2002)

D. Details - entails analyzing which focuses on the smallest part.

For further discussion, visit this link, https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=C4-rZRaiMV8

E. Opinions - interpretation of a person on a certain event, idea, concept, etc.

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 Example: The rapid spread of fake news in social media is caused by the
people who do not read articles critically and react instantly on the article’s
title without even reading the whole article itself. These people are the root
cause of chaos and misunderstanding that bring fear to others.

F. Observations - make use of descriptions appealing to the senses.

For more tips on developing your skills on writing an exemplification-

classification text, click this link:
https://handmadewriting.com/blog/guides/classification-essay/

How to Write a Classification-Exemplification Text?

A Classification-Exemplification text follows the structure of any academic text. It

has an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.

A. Introduction
You must choose a topic that can be classified, and you must choose the
classification method that you will use. For instance, if you are topic is about
people, you can classify them according to age, gender, complexion and/or
other factors. Remember that a clear explanation of your classification is a must
to establish an effective classfication-exemplification text.

B. Body
In a paragraph, each body discusses different classifications of the main
topic. You can focus on the strengths and weaknesses of each category which
must be supported by concrete examples.

C. Conclusion
This must summarize the claim and the categories you discussed in the
body.

Let’s Dig in

Activity 1

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Directions: Analyze the word cloud of different online platforms below and classify
them according to their usability, popularity, and safety. Write your answers on
your notebook.

Activity 2
Directions: Read the texts from the links below and supply the needed information.
“Breakfast Foods”
https://campusguides.glendale.edu/c.php?g=514608&p=3516012

1._________________ 2._________________ 3._________________

____ ____ ____

EXAMPLES: EXAMPLES: EXAMPLES:

a. _________________ a. _________________ a. _________________

b._________________ b._________________ b._________________

c._________________ c._________________ c._________________

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 Let’s Remember

Directions: Create an outline about the different types of students in the classroom
based on the picture. Write the outline on your notebook. You may follow the
outline below.

(Suggested outline for Let’s Remember Activity)

I. Introduction
Thesis statement: ________________________________________________________
II. Body
A. __________________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
B. __________________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
C. __________________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________

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 2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
III. Conclusion:
___________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Apply

Directions: Write your classification-exemplification text based on the outline you

made. Follow the structure of writing a classification-exemplification text and
observe the principles in classifying.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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Rubrics:
Concept: 10%
Completeness: 20%
Clarity/ classification: 35%
Supporting details/examples: 35%
Total 100%

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Identify the thing/s being described in each number. Choose your
answers from the items inside the box below. Write them on a separate sheet of
paper.
You may also answer this test online by following this link
https://forms.gle/B2FcDN8yyiBo4iCfA

criterion category subtopic classification example

completeness consistency exclusiveness illustration fact
opinion anecdote thesis statement observation detail

1. These are brief narratives in a piece of writing that have relevance to the
topic.
2. Concept and ideas that are assumed to be true.
3. It pertains to the parallel similarities between or among the divisions.
4. It is a method of distributing things into groups or categories to organize
them.
5. It is a part of the introduction that has the main idea of the text.
6. It means no overlapping between or among the items divided.
7. It is the visual representation of a concept or an idea.
8. It is the interpretation of a person on a certain event, idea, concept, etc.
9. It uses descriptions that are appealing to the senses.
10.It is the representation of a certain class or object like a dog as a kind of pet.
11.A class or division of people or things with shared characteristics.
12.It is a topic that is part of a broader topic.
13.It means that there are no important parts omitted in the division.
14.It entails analyzing the smallest part.
15.It is a principle on which something may be decided.

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 Let’s Extend

Directions: Watch the video on this link, https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=wm3ObvB0mLE and take note the important information that the teacher
explains. Answer the following questions, and write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Using your notes from the video, check the essay that you wrote. Were you
able to include the points that the teacher discussed?

2. How could learning on how to write a classification-exemplification text

helped you as a student?

3. Cite a scenario where you could apply exemplification and classification?

References

Ang, J.G. (2015). English 1- critical reading and effective engaged writing for the 21 st
century Filipino. Manila: Mindshapers Co., Inc.
Avila, D.C., Cruz, M. B. L., Trajano, M. G., Achas, A. P., Solon, J. C. N. &
Villahermosa, J. C. (2009). Effective writing a worktext. Malabon: Mutya
Publishing House Inc.
Campus Guides (2017, August 28). Breakfast food. Retrieved September 03, 2020,
from https://campusguides.glendale.edu/c.php?g=514608.
DIWA Textbooks (2016). Reading and writing skills module. Makati: DIWA Learning
Systems Inc.

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Evans, E. (2019, July 17). Classification essay: topics, outline and writing tips:
hand- made writing. Retrieved September 03, 2020, from
https://handmadewriting.com/blog/guides/classification-essay/.
Interactive English (2018, May 19) Popular American slang that people always use
[Video file]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkPyic29AaA.
Online Learning Resources. (n.d.). Illustration paragraphs. Retrieved September 03,
2020, from
https://aso-resources.une.edu.au/academic-writing/paragraphs/for-an-
illustration/.
McGregor, S. (2013, July 29) Adding details to paragraphs [Video file]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4-rZRaiMV8.
Parkes, W.(producer), & Spielberg, S. (producer and director) (2002) Catch me if you
can [motion picture]. United States: DreamWorks Pictures.
Peña, A. R. S. & Anudin, A. G. (2016) Reading and writing. Quezon: Vibal Group
Inc.
Shaun (2012, November 15) Classification essay or paragraph [Video file].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wm3ObvB0mLE.
Tiongson, M.T. & Rodriguez, M.R. (2016). Reading and writing skills. Manila: Rex
Books Store.

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 Development Team of the
Module Writer: MR. JOEBERT S. MOSLARES
Editor:

Content Evaluator: MS. MARY GRACE UMALI

MS. ANGELIQUE P. TAGUBA
Language Evaluator: MS. ANGELIQUE P. TAGUBA

Reviewers: DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN

Illustrator: MR. JOEBERT S. MOSLARES
Layout Artist: MR. JOEBERT S. MOSLARES
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS

DR. GEORGE P. TIZON,

SGOD Chief DR. ELLERY G.
QUINTIA, CID Chief MR.
NOEL T. BALUBAL, EPS-
English
MR. QUINN NORMAN Q. ARREZA, SHS
Focal Person DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS
– LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig City and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph

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