Music7 q3 Week2

Music 7
3rd Quarter
Week 2
Development and Quality Assurance Team
Developer: Hadji L. Luna, Ed.D.

Evaluator: Jatha Nyessa I. Delos Santos
Language Evaluator: Glory B. Balatero
Layout Evaluator: Jj Evan Aries C. Handugan
Learning Area Supervisor: Antonio V. Salazar, Ed.D.
Illustration Credits:
Title Page: Marieto Cleben V. Lozada

Visual Cues: Ivin Mae M. Ambos
Disclaimer: This Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) is based from the Self-Learning Modules, Learner’s Materials, Textbooks and Teaching Guides
released by DepEd Central Office. Furthermore, utilization of duly acknowledged external resources is purely of non-profit, for educational use
and constitutes fair use. All Rights Reserved.
Competencies
1. Identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources of
representative music selections from Mindanao. (MU7MN-IIIa-g-
3)
2. Analyzes musical elements of selected songs and
instrumental pieces heard and performed. (MU7MN-IIIa-g-2)
3. Improvises simple accompaniment to selected South Asia and
the Middle East music. (MU7LV-IIIc-h-5)
4. Performs music from South Asia and Middle East with own
accompaniment. (MU7LV-IIIc-h-6)
5. Evaluates music and music performances using guided rubrics
applying knowledge of musical elements and style. (MU7LV-IIIb-
h-10)
Objectives: At the end of the week, you shall have:

o classified musical instruments and other sources of
representative music selections from Mindanao according to
its Hornbostel Sachs’ Classification;
o performed sample of songs from Mindanao that are
inspired/influenced by other South East Asia/Middle East
countries using an improvised instrument; and
o realized the impact of other SouthEast Asian/Middle Eastern
countries in the music of Mindanao.
Learner’s Tasks
Lesson Overview
The Sachs-Hornbostel system (or H-S System) is a comprehensive, global

method of classifying acoustic musical instruments. It was developed in 1914
by two European musicologists, despite their own fears that such a systematic
system was nearly impossible.
Curt Sachs (1881–1959) was a German musicologist known for his

extensive study and expertise on the history of musical instruments. Sachs
worked alongside Erich Moritz von Hornbostel (1877–1935), an Austrian
musicologist and expert on the history of non-European music. Their
collaboration led to a conceptual framework based on how musical
instruments produce sound: the location of the created vibration.
1
Sound Classification
Musical instruments can be classified by the Western orchestral system

into brass, percussion, strings, and woodwinds; but the S-H system allows non-
western instruments to be classified as well. Over 100 years after its
development, the H-S system is still in use in most museums and in large
inventory projects. The method's limitations were recognized by Sachs and
Hornbostel: there are many instruments that have multiple vibration sources at
different times during a performance, making them difficult to classify.
The H-S system divides all musical instruments into five categories:
idiophones, membranophones, chordophones, aerophones, and
electrophones.
Idiophones
Idiophones are musical instruments in which a vibrating solid material is

used to produce sound. Examples of solid materials used in such instruments
are stone, wood, and metal. Idiophones are differentiated according to the
method used to make it vibrate.
o Concussion—A pair of similar instruments are struck together or

struck against each other to create sounds, such as cymbals and
castanets
o Friction—Instruments that produce sound when rubbed. An example
of these is musical glasses in which the musician rubs his moistened
fingers on the rim of the glasses to produce sound.
o Percussion—Musical instruments that produce sound by striking or
using a striker, such as xylophones, triangles, bells, gongs, and steel
drums
o Plucked—Also known as lingua phones, these are musical
instruments that need to be plucked to create sound, such as the
Jew's harp in which the player plucks the "tongue" of the instrument.
o Scraped—Instruments that are scraped to produce sound. Examples
of these are cog rattles and washboards.
o Shaken—Musical instruments that need to be shaken to create
sound, such as maracas , thought to have been invented by native
Indians of Puerto Rico.
o Stamping—Instruments that produce sound when stamped on a
hard surface, such as the shoes used by tap dancers or Irish clogs.
o Stamped—When sound is produced by the material itself that's
being stamped on.
2
Membranophones
Membranophones are musical instruments that use vibrating stretched

membranes or skin to produce sound. Membranophones are classified
according to the shape of the instrument.
o Kettle Drums—Also known as vessel drums, these are rounded

at the bottom and may be tunable or non-tunable. The vibrating
membrane is laced, nailed, or glued to the body and the player uses
his hands, a beater, or both to strike it.
o Tubular Drums—are further classified into shapes including
barrel, cylindrical, conical, double conical, goblet, hourglass and
shallow. Tubular drums may either be tunable and non-tunable. Like
the kettle drums, tubular drums may be played by using both the
hands or a striker and the vibrating membrane is laced, nailed, or
glued to the body.
o Friction Drums—Instead of striking, the stretched membrane vibrates
when there is friction across the membrane. These are non-tunable
and the player uses a cord or stick to create sound.
o Mirlitons—Unlike other musical instruments belonging to
the membranophones, mirlitons are not drums. The membranes
produce sound with the vibration of a player's voice or instrument.
Mirlitons are non- tunable, and a good example of this type is a
kazoo.
o Other membranophones are called frame drums in which the
skin or membrane is stretched over a frame such as tambourines.
Also, pot drums and ground drums fall under the membranophone
category.
Chordophones
Chordophones produce sound by means of a stretched vibrating string.

When a string vibrates, the resonator picks up that vibration and amplifies it
giving it a more appealing sound. There are five basic types based on the
strings' relationship with the resonator.
o Musical bows—May or may not have resonators; the strings are

attached and stretched over a wooden bow.
o Harps—The strings aren't parallel to the soundboard; harps are
plucked or strummed.
o Lyres—The strings run through a crossbar holding it away from
the resonator. Lyres may either be bowed or plucked.
o Lutes—These instruments have necks; the strings are stretched
across a resonator and travel up the neck. Lutes may be bowed or
plucked.
3
o Zithers—These have a board but no necks; strings are stretched from
one end of the board to another end. Zithers may be plucked or
struck.
Chordophones also have subcategories depending on how the strings

are played. Examples of chordophones played by bowing are double bass,
violin, and viola. Examples of chordophones that are played by plucking are
banjo, guitar, harp, mandolin, and ukulele. The piano, dulcimer, and the
clavichord are examples of chordophones that are struck.
Aerophones
Aerophones produce sound by vibrating a column of air. These are

commonly known as wind instruments and there are four basic types.
o Brasswinds—Made of metal, particularly brass, these instruments

create sound through the vibration of a player's lips on the
mouthpiece. The air that passes through the player's lips goes to the
air column of the instrument and thus creates sound. Examples:
trombone, trumpet, tuba
o Woodwinds—These instruments were originally made only of wood
but now other materials are used. On reed instruments like the
saxophone and the clarinet, a thin material is placed on the
mouthpiece so that when the player blows into it the air is forced to
go to a reed and sets it to vibrate. In double-reed instruments such
as bassoons and oboes, the material placed on the opening of
the mouthpiece is thicker. In woodwinds such as flutes, the player
blows air into the edge of a mouthpiece thus creating sound.
o Free-reed—Refers to wind instruments that have a freely vibrating
reed and the pitch depends on the size of the reed. A good
example of this type of instrument is the accordion.
o Free—Free aerophones are those in which the sound is produced by
a column of air outside of the instrument itself, such as a bull-roarer
or a whip when it's cracked.
Electrophones
Electrophones are musical instruments that produce sound electronically

or produce its initial sound traditionally and then are electronically amplified.
Some examples of instruments that produce sound electronically are
electronic organs, theremins, and synthesizers. Traditional instruments which are
electronically amplified include electric guitars and electric pianos.
4
THE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF MINDANAO CHORDOPHONES
(STRINGED INSTRUMENTS)
Kudyapi - is a guitar with two strings. It is about

1 1/2 m long and made of wood. It has a stick to
support in its lower end and is played in the same
position as cello. It is common among Tirurays of
Cotabato.
Karaga - is a guitar made up of bamboo

where the strings are slit from the bamboo itself. The
bamboo is split and tied back in both ends, leaving
a slit as a resonator. The guitar has strings all around
it. This is popular in Eastern Mindanao.
AEROPHONES (WIND INSTRUMENTS)
Sahunay - is a bamboo flute, leaving six holes

for the fingers and trumpet made of coconut leaf.
It is about 50 cm long and 3 cm in diameter. This is
a bamboo flute of the Tausugs in Sulu.
IDIOPHONES (PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS)
Kulintang - is a set of eight knobbed gongs in

graduated sizes from largest to smallest mounted in
a wooden frame, about a meter long. Muslim
carvings decorated the frame. The kulintang is
played by striking the gongs with two pieces of
wood, about 12 inches long while the player squats
on the floor. The instrument is popular in Sulu.
Gabbang - is similar to a xylophone. It is made

of a wooden box with one end wider than the
other, and with an open top. Across the top,
wooden bars of different lengths are placed to fit
the shape of the box, about 1 cm from each other.
It is played by striking the wooden bars with a
wooden hammer. This instrument is popular in Sulu.
5
Bunkaka or Bilbil - is a bamboo musical
instrument used by the Tinguians. It is a two-
pronged bamboo struck against the palm of one
hand.
Agung - hangs from horizontal pole or

wooden frame. The player stands beside the rim of
the gong where he inserts his left arm through
the ropes which suspend the instrument to position
his hand comfortably at the knob. On the right
hand, the player holds a mallet padded with
rubber.
Gandingan - is a set of four graduated gongs,

with thin rims and lower central knobs. They hang in
pairs with the knobs of the lower pitched gongs
facing each other. The same with the two higher
pitched gongs. The pair of lower pitched gongs is
positioned on the player's left side while the pair of
the higher pitched gongs is on the right. The player is usually a woman who
stands between the two pairs of gongs. Her body touches slightly the gong in
the middle to prevent from swinging. She uses two padded mallets (one mallet
for each air) to strike the gong's knobs.
Babendil - is small gong with thin rims and low

central knobs. It is struck with thin bamboo sticks to
produce a metallic sound.
Membranophones (Drum Instruments)
Dabakan - is a goblet -shaped drum, which

has a single head covered with goat, lizard or snake
skin. It is struck with two thin bamboo sticks about 18
inches in length.
6
Elements of Music
Elements of Music Descriptions

Rhythm This means describing the notes of any given
instrument in a piece of music as mainly long or
sustained, or short.
Texture The number of instruments or voices that contribute to
the overall density of the music.
Timbre The unique sound quality of an instrument.
Tonality The overall sound of the music.
Dynamic The volume of a piece of music.
Harmony It is the sound created when two or more pitches are
performed at the same time to form a chord.
Melody It is a series of pitches that make a tune
Rhythm Describing the notes of any given instrument in a
piece of music as mainly long or sustained, or short.
Try to watch the following videos. Listen and observe carefully the
music and the instruments being used in the recordings.
Music Listening!
o Philippine Music: Music of the Mindanao Muslims Uwang Ahadas

Gabbang
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AR0heXocsA
o Kudyapi - Master Samaon Sulaiman

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqtEPoNEg-U
7
o Keahlian Tunanetra Memainkan Suling Bambu
(Bamboo Flute Playing Blind Expertise)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpOfEwZeF6Q
o Sanlibutan by Ang Grupong Pendong

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9O2GdUsAgM
o NO TE VAYAS DE ZAMBOANGA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlmnntENU5M
Activity 1
Direction: Classify the musical instruments of Mindanao according to
Hornbostle Sachs’ classification by using this symbol ( ).
Name of
Idiophones Membranophones Chordophones Aerophones Electrophones
Instruments
Kudyapi
Karaga
Sahunay
Kulintang
Gabbang
Bungkaka
Agung
Gandigan
Babendil
Dabakan
Activity 2
Direction: Listen to the following music below. Choose one music that you like
most and perform this song with your improvised instrument.
Note: Record your performance through a video presentation and take a

picture of your improvised instrument and send it to your teacher’s messenger
or email account. You will also submit the improvised instrument to your
teacher.
1. NO TE VAYAS DE ZAMBOANGA
2. Sanlibutan by Ang Grupong Pendong

8
3. Blaan Love song
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8Qmet0b5uo
4. BLAAN SONGS TAFILE DU NATAFILE BUTANG BY:BEZGHONE P.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0wC7_DwBGQ
Rubrics in Designing an Improvised Substitute Instrument
Category Exceeds Meets Standard Approaches Below Total

Standard 4 pts Standard Standard Point
5 pts 2 pts 1 pt s
Quality of The instrument The instrument The instrument The

Construction is well - reflects some reflects some instrument
constructed effort on alteration to an reflects
and nicely construction existing form to an existing
decorated. It is and "make" the form with
sturdy, neat, decoration. It is instrument, may little or no
and will stand reasonably be fragile, and alteration.
up to sturdy and may not stand Pieces may
repeated neat and will up to being be missing
playing over a stand up to played more or falling
period of time. being than once. There off. Seems
played may be an "slapped
more absence of together" in
than decoration. a hurry.
once. There may
be a total
lack of
decoration.
Quality of Student can Student is Student is able Student is
Sound produce able to to produce a unable to
good quality produce a basic sound on produce a
sounds on the good quality the instrument. sound on
instrument sound on the No explanation the
and explain instrument with given. instrument.
how the no explanation
sound is given.
produced.
Instrument Student can Student can Student cannot Student
Family accurately accurately accurately state cannot
state whether state whether whether this is determine
this is a string, this is a string, a string, wind, what type
wind, brass, or wind, brass, or brass, or of
percussion percussion percussion instrument
instrument instrument but instrum s/he built
and explain cannot explain ent. even
why. why without with
prompts. teacher
prompts
9
Performance Rubrics
CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Rhythm Appropriate Appropriate Most of the Construction
materials materials construction materials were
were selected were selected materials not appropriate
and creatively were appropriate for the purpose
modified in ways
that made them
even better for
the purpose
Pitch The instrument The instrument The instrument is Pieces are
shows shows neatly missing or falling
considerable considerable constructed but is off. Seems
attention to attention to fragile and will slapped
construction. It is construction. It is probably not together in a
sturdy, neat and reasonably sturdy stand up to being hurry
will stand up to and neat and will played more than
repeated playing stand up to being once
over a period played more than
of time once
Dynamics Presenter speaks Instrument is Instrument is Instrument is
loudly and clearly. shown to class shown to class shown to class
Instrument is and its use is and its use is and is named.
visible to class demonstrated. demonstrated. The student
and its use is The instrument is The instrument is cannot describe
demonstrated. named and the named and the the process
The instrument is process for presenter used to make it
named and the making it is describes a few or cannot
process for described clearly. of the steps of demonstrate it
making it is It was hard to making it.
described clearly hear the
presenter
Expression Class time was Class time was Class time was Class time was
and used wisely. Much used wisely. Time not always used not used wisely
Style time and effort and effort went wisely, but and the
went into into planning, student clearly student put in no
planning, design design and did some additional effort
and construction. construction. additional work
The student Student could at home
clearly worked at have put in
home. more time and
effort at home
Tone Quality Steps and Steps and Steps and Plan was
materials were materials were materials were seriously
outlined in a outlined in a outlined in a incomplete or
fashion that fashion that fashion but had 1- not sequential
could be could be 2 gaps that even after
allowed by allowed by require teacher
anyone anyone explanation even feedback.
without additional without additional after teacher
explanations. explanations.
10
No teacher help Some teacher feedback was
was needed help was need given
to accomplish this to accomplish this
Activity 3
Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a separate

sheet of paper.
1. Among the songs of Mindanao that you have studied, what particular
song strikes you most? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What are your realizations upon listening and performing the music
of Mindanao?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. As a student, what can you contribute to preserve the music of

Mindanao?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Formative Test
Direction: Read and analyze the question below and encircle the letter of
the correct answer.
1. It is a comprehensive, global method of classifying acoustic

musical instruments.
A. Sachs-Hornbostel System C. Musical Elements
B. Achs- Howbel System D. Musical Theory
2. These are musical instruments in which a vibrating solid material is used

to produce sound.
A. Ideophones C. Electrophones
B. Aerophones D. Chordophones
11
3. It is a series of pitches that make a tune.
A. Timbre C. Texture
B. Melody D. Dynamics
4. It is a guitar made up of bamboo where the strings are slit from the
bamboo itself.
A. Karaga C. Agong
B. Kudyapi D. Kulintang
5. It is a bamboo flute, leaving six holes for the fingers and trumpet made
of coconut leaf. It is about 50 cm long and 3 cm in diameter. This is a
bamboo flute of the Tausugs in Sulu.
A. Sahunay C. Agong
B. Kudyapi D. Kulintang
Answer Key
Activity 1.
Name of
Idiophones Membranophones Chordophones Aerophones Electrophones
Instruments
Kudyapi /
Karaga /
Sahunay /
Kulintang /
Gabbang /
Bungkaka /
Agung /
Gandigan /
Babendil /
Dabakan /
Activity 2.
Answers will vary.
Activity 3.
Answers will vary.
12
References
Developing Mind and Body through MAPEH II, Zenaida c. Serrano and
CarmelitaA. Orsoe, Mind Builders Publishing House, copyright 2008
Oliver P. 1988. Musico-Ethnological Approaches to Musical Instruments.
Popular Music 7(2):216-218.
Weisser S, and Quanten M. 2011. Rethinking musical instrument
classification: Towards a modular approach to the Hornbostel-
Sachs System. Yearbook for Traditional Music 43:122-146.
http://mgreenmusic.weebly.com/uploads/1/6/8/8/16881408/instrume
ntrubric.p df
Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AR0heXocsA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqtEPoNEg-U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpOfEwZeF6Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8Qmet0b5uo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0wC7_DwBGQ
13

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Music 7

Development and Quality Assurance Team

Developer: Hadji L. Luna, Ed.D.

Title Page: Marieto Cleben V. Lozada

Objectives: At the end of the week, you shall have:

The Sachs-Hornbostel system (or H-S System) is a comprehensive, global

Curt Sachs (1881–1959) was a German musicologist known for his

Musical instruments can be classified by the Western orchestral system

Idiophones are musical instruments in which a vibrating solid material is

o Concussion—A pair of similar instruments are struck together or

Membranophones are musical instruments that use vibrating stretched

o Kettle Drums—Also known as vessel drums, these are rounded

Chordophones produce sound by means of a stretched vibrating string.

o Musical bows—May or may not have resonators; the strings are

Chordophones also have subcategories depending on how the strings

Aerophones produce sound by vibrating a column of air. These are

o Brasswinds—Made of metal, particularly brass, these instruments

Electrophones are musical instruments that produce sound electronically

Kudyapi - is a guitar with two strings. It is about

Karaga - is a guitar made up of bamboo

AEROPHONES (WIND INSTRUMENTS)

Sahunay - is a bamboo flute, leaving six holes

IDIOPHONES (PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS)

Kulintang - is a set of eight knobbed gongs in

Gabbang - is similar to a xylophone. It is made

Agung - hangs from horizontal pole or

Gandingan - is a set of four graduated gongs,

Babendil - is small gong with thin rims and low

Membranophones (Drum Instruments)

Dabakan - is a goblet -shaped drum, which

Elements of Music Descriptions

o Philippine Music: Music of the Mindanao Muslims Uwang Ahadas

o Kudyapi - Master Samaon Sulaiman

o Sanlibutan by Ang Grupong Pendong

Note: Record your performance through a video presentation and take a

2. Sanlibutan by Ang Grupong Pendong

4. BLAAN SONGS TAFILE DU NATAFILE BUTANG BY:BEZGHONE P.

Rubrics in Designing an Improvised Substitute Instrument

Category Exceeds Meets Standard Approaches Below Total

Quality of The instrument The instrument The instrument The

Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a separate

3. As a student, what can you contribute to preserve the music of

1. It is a comprehensive, global method of classifying acoustic

2. These are musical instruments in which a vibrating solid material is used

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