1

SBA # YY MM DD
14 20 10 23

Ridhi Parwani

Title: Rate of reaction

Aim: To determine the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction

Material/Apparatus:
● 0.15 mol/dm3 Sodium thiosulfate solution, NaS2O3
● 2 mol/dm3 Hydrochloric acid solution, HCl
● Distilled Water
● 5 conical flask/beakers
● Water baths- 400 C, 500 C, 600 C and 700C
● Thermometer
● 2 measuring cylinders (100 mL)
● 1- 10 ml or 5ml measuring cylinder
● Permanent marker
● Glass rod
● Timer

Procedure:
1. Using a black pen, a cross was drawn on a piece of white paper.
2. Using a measuring cylinder, 50 cm3 of 0.15mol/dm3 sodium thiosulphate
was placed into a conical flask.
3. 1cm3 of 2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid was added to the conical flask and at
the same time the stop watch started . The flask was swirled to mix the
solutions and the flask was placed on top of the cross.
4. It was looked down in the conical flask and stopped the stop watch as soon
as the cross was no longer visible.
5. The temperature of the mixture in the conical flask was immediately
measured and recorded and the time taken for the cross to disappear was
also recorded.
6. The mixture was then discarded and the conical flask was washed .
7. The experiment was repeated, but instead the thiosulphate solution in the
conical flask was heated to about 400C before adding the hydrochloric acid.
8. The experiment was repeated three more times, the thiosulphate solution
was heated to about 500 C, 600 C and then 700 C.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY

SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D
MARK OBTAINED
2
SBA # YY MM DD
14 20 10 23

Ridhi Parwani

9. The results were recorded in a table and the rate of reaction was calculated
at each temperature.
Drawing:

Observations/Results:
The sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid solutions were colorless.
Nonetheless, once the hydrochloric acid was added to the sodium thiosulfate in the
conical flask, the solution continuously changed from colorless into an overcast
cream color. Ultimately, the X mark gradually vanished as time went on because
of the cloudiness of the solution.

Table showing the results of the experiment

Temperature Time Rate of reaction

27 28.33 0.035
40 13.85 0.072

50 9.40 0.106
60 6.61 0.151

70 4.17 0.240

FOR TEACHERS ONLY

SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D
MARK OBTAINED
3
SBA # YY MM DD
14 20 10 23

Ridhi Parwani

Analysis:
As the temperature increases, the rate of reaction increases since increasing the
temperature in a reaction, the particles present will have more kinetic energy and
in this way it will collide more frequently than if the temperature had been
decreasing.
The balanced equation for the reaction=
2HCl(aq) + Na2S2O3(aq) --> 2NaCl(aq) + SO2(aq) + S(s) + H2O(l)
Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Thiosulfate -> Sodium Chloride + Sulfur Dioxide + Sulfur + Water

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the rate of a reaction is affected by the concentration and
temperature of the desired solution. When the concentration of the solutions was
kept as a constant, the temperature was the only factor being changed. This
experiment showed that the higher the temperature the faster the reaction.

Limitations/Precaution/sources of error:
It was hard to precisely measure the time it took for the X mark to vanish because
of different factors. For example, the X mark that was drawn was very enormous;
subsequently it took longer for the mark to vanish as the solution slowly turned
from colorless to cloudy to misty and this took some time for it to fill the base of
the conical flask.
Also the solution had to be swirled with a glass rod and not the thermometer bulb,
whereas in this case it was swirled with the thermometer bulb so the results might
be a little off.

Reflection:
From this experiment I learnt that as the rate of reaction increases along with the
temperature, the time taken for the cross to disappear decreases as the formation of
the precipitate will be faster. Rate of reaction is obviously very important to the
chemical industry, it dictates the rate of production of our daily products.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY

SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D
MARK OBTAINED