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SBA # YY M DD
M
13 20 10 21

Ridhi Parwani

Title:​ The heat of solution

Aim:​ To determine the heat of solution

Material/Apparatus:
● Potassium nitrate
● Distilled water
● Balance
● A calorimeter (Polystyrene cup)
● Measuring cylinder
● Thermometer

Procedure:
1. Using the measuring cylinder, 100cm​3​ of distilled water was measured and
poured into the dry calorimeter.
2. The temperature of the distilled water was measured and recorded.
3. Using the balance, 12.1 grams of potassium nitrate was weighed and added
to the water in the calorimeter.
4. The solution was stirred with the thermometer while watching the
temperature change.
5. The minimum temperature was recorded.

Drawing:

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SBA # YY M DD
M
13 20 10 21

Ridhi Parwani

Observations/Results:

Initial temperature of distilled water 27°C

Final temperature of distilled water and potassium nitrate 21°C

Analysis:
KNO​3​-> 12.1g
H​2​O-> 100cm​3​ (27°C)
Final temperature= 21°C
27°-21°= 6°C
M(KN0)-> 39+14+16G= 101g/mol
12.1/101= 0.12 mol
H​2​O= 100cm​3​-> 100g
Q= 100g x 4.2J/g/°C x 6°C= 2520J
2.52KJ/ 0.12= 21 KJ/mol

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that heat of solution is defined as the amount of heat absorbed
in the formation of solution that contains one mole of solute. During the dissolving

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3
SBA # YY M DD
M
13 20 10 21

Ridhi Parwani

process, solutes either absorb or release energy. If solutes absorb energy from the
water as they dissolve, the water gets colder and the reaction is endothermic. If
solutes release energy to the water as they dissolve, the water gets warmer and the
reaction is exothermic. The value is positive if heat is absorbed and negative if
heat is released.

Limitations/Precaution/sources of error:
Precautions- You must not stir with the thermometer and do not hit the glass rod
against the thermometer bulb.
Sources of error- in this experiment some sources of error include improper
mixing, the placement of the thermometer bulb onto slowly dissolving solids,
incorrect reading of the thermometer and not enough thermometer readings.

Reflection:
I learnt that heat of solution is expressed in kJ/mol, and it is the amount of heat
energy that is released or absorbed when a solution is formed. Contingent upon the
general measures of energy needed to break bonds at first, just as what amount is
released upon solute-solvent bond formation, the general heat of solution can
either be endothermic or exothermic. Heat solution is used in everyday life as an
instant ice pack when water and the compound are mixed, the temperature drops
and the pack can be used for cooling.

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